TITLE DEFORMATION OF A RING AND A

SQUARE FRAME
GROUP MEMBERS  Muhammad Omer Amjad
 Awais Ahmed
 Muhammad Adnan Sattar
 Abdul Basit
 Umer Riaz
SUBMITTED TO Ma’am Ayesha

OBJECTIVE

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Two test specimens are provided so that their deformation due to loading along an axis of
symmetry can be measured for comparison with theoretical values.

APPARATUS
HST ACE 11 (HI-TECH) Deformations of Ring and Rectangles.

INTRODUCTION
Construction
1. The apparatus can be set up permanently on the HST1 or HST100 frame at 200 mm from one
side as shown in fig 1. (There is room to set up HST 4/8 at 200 mm from the other side of the
frame).
2. For the ring and square frame the horizontal deflection dial gauges are attached to the inner
pair of holes in the cross bar.

Fig 1: HST ACE 11 (HI-TECH) Deformations of Ring and Rectangles

Theoretical formulae for a ring and a square

A summary of the theoretical formulae for a ring and a square frame is given here

Ring
3
0.149 PR A
❑ AB=
EI
0.137 PR 3
❑CD = R
EI C D

Square P
0.026 PL3
❑ AB=
EI A
0.0156 PL 3 L
❑CD =
EI
C D
L

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P
Whereas,
❑ AB= Deflection in vertical direction
❑CD= Deflection in horizontal direction
P = Applied load
R = Radius of ring
E = Elastic modulus of steel
I = Moment of inertia
L = Length of side of square frame

PROCEDURE
Suspend the ring by locating the pegs in the grooves of the top support and attach the stirrup and
load hanger. Note the direction of rotation of each dial gauge pointer compared to the spindle
movement. Treat the reading with the load hanger in position as the zero load values.
Record the three dial gauge readings as a vertical load is applied to the ring in increments of (5
-50) N. Take further reading as the load is reduced by 10 N intervals to zero.

CALCULATIONS

For Ring:
Mean diameter= 250mm
Width of strip= 125mm
Thickness of strip= 3mm
E = 200 kN/mm2
R3 125 3 x 12
= = 0.177mm
EI 200 x 103 x 25 x 2.983

Vertical Horizontal
Dial Total
Load Dial Dial
❑ AB readin horizontal ❑CD (mm)
(N) reading reading C
(mm) gD deflection
(mm) (mm)
(mm) C+D (mm)
5 0.15 0.13 0.9 0.32 1.22 0.12
10 0.27 0.26 0.13 0.32 0.45 0.24
15 0.42 0.39 0.13 0.5 0.63 0.36
20 0.56 0.52 0.86 0.53 1.39 0.48

For square frame:

Mean side=L= 250mm
Width of strip=25mm
Thickness of strip=3mm
L3 250 3 x 12
= = 1.417 mm
EI 200 x 103 x 25 x 2.983

Load Vertical Horizontal

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 Dial Total
Dial Dial
❑ AB readin horizontal ❑CD (mm)
(N) reading reading C
(mm) gD deflection
(mm) (mm)
(mm) C+D (mm)
5 0.18 0.18 0.22 0.33 0.55 0.11
10 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.12 0.47 0.22
15 0.54 0.55 0.62 0.32 0.94 0.33
20 0.72 0.73 0.55 0.12 0.67 0.44

RESULTS

For ring:
1. Load vs vertical deflection

2. Load vs horizontal deflection

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For square frame:
1. Load vs horizontal deflection

2. Load vs vertical deflection

OBSERVATIONS

The experimental values were slightly different from the theoretical values due to certain
limitations in the experimental procedure. The movement of the dial gauge indicator was
constrained due to friction that led to in accurate readings. The dial guge may not be set to 0
before applying loads to the hanger. Also the square and ring may not be mounted correctly in
the apparatus.

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