OS M OR E G UL A S I &

E K SK R E SI

titi doc.2009
 Osmoregulasi adalah:
Proses pengontrolan keseimbangan [osmotik]
internal (H2O & ion dlm tubuh organisme) dan
lingkungan eksternal atau dg. kata lain proses
pengaturan tekanan osmose organisme.

Upaya adaptasi organisme di perairan

 Fungsi ekskresi :
mengekskresikan sisa-sisa metabolisme agar
pH cairan tubuh terpelihara.
Osmoconformers = animals that conform to the osmolarity of
the environment, e.g. marine elasmobranchs, coelacanth,
crab-eating frog, various marine invertebrates
Osmoregulators = animals that maintain an internal
osmolarity different from the environment; most vertebrates
(including teleosts) are strict osmoregulators
Osmoregulation = biological processes involved in the
maintenance of the osmolarity of body fluids within the range
of physiological tolerance of the species
- maintaining solute (salt) concentration in body fluids
- maintaining water balance in body
→ gills, kidneys and intestine are main osmoregulatory organs
Stenohalin Toleransi organisme Eurihalin
terhadap salinitas

 Avertebrata laut (umumnya):

[osmotik] internal tubuhnya relatif
Isotonik terhadap lingkungannya.
 Organisme perairan tawar :
[osmotik] internal tubuhnya hipertonik
terhadap lingkungannya.
 Freshwater critters live
in a HYPOTONIC environment

http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBooktransp.htm
l
 Crustacea yang hidup di laut:
Secara kontinyu minum medium air laut
(ion-Na, Cl & H2O) difusi tubuh

transpor aktif
green gland & insang : eliminasi garam
(ion–Na; Cl) ekskresi lingkungan luar.
difusi
Sel-sel tubuh berfungsi mengatur
keseimbangan H2O ; insang
mengatur keseimbangan ion-ion.
 Excretion
• Ammonia 90-95%
• Gills
• Antennal or maxillary glands
• Adjust ion concentration in
hemolymph
 THANK YOU

titi doc.2009