Applications of the

Derivative
Implicit Differentiation
 (1) Illustrate implicit differentiation.
Learning (2) Solve problems using implicit
differentiation.
Outcomes
(3) Solve problems involving related
rates and optimization.
 Explicit: "y = some function of x”.
When we know x we can calculate y directly.
Implicit: "some function of y and x equals
Implicit something else". Knowing x does not lead
Differentiation directly to y.
 𝑑𝑦
𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 16.
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 2 2
𝑑
𝑥 +𝑦 = (16)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 2 𝑑 2 𝑑
Example 1 𝑥 + 𝑦 = (16)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
2𝑥 + 2𝑦 =0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑥
=−
𝑑𝑥 𝑦
 Find the derivative of the function
3𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 2 = 5.
𝑑 𝑑 2 𝑑
3𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦 = 5
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
Example 2 3𝑦 (𝑥) + 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
3𝑦 + 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = −3𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 3𝑦
=−
𝑑𝑥 3𝑥 − 2𝑦
 (1)Differentiate both sides of the
equation with respect to x.
Procedure for
Implicit (2)Always use the Chain rule when
Differentiation differentiating terms containing y.
𝒅𝒚
(3)Solve for .
𝒅𝒙
  Given the implicit function

3𝑥 2 − 2𝑦 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 13 = 0,

find the slope of the graph for the function at

Example 3 point A(-1, 2). Hence, find the equation of the
tangent and the normal to the curve at point A.
  Find the derivative of each function.

1 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 36
2 3𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦 3 = 8
Your Turn
• Find the equations of the tangent and the
normal to the curve
𝑥 3 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 3 = 10

at point A(1, 2).

 Find the derivative of each function. Show your
work.
1. 15𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 = 8
Assignment 9
2. 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 3 = 9
3. 5𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 + 5𝑦 = 1
Answer on 1
whole. 4. 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 = 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦
𝑥2 𝑦2
5. 16
+
13
=1
  Find the derivative of each function.
1. 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 = 3𝑥𝑦 2

2. 𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥 3 = 8

Additional 3. 𝑥 4 + 𝑦 4 + 2 = 4𝑥 2 𝑦 3
Practice • Find the equations of the tangent and the
normal to the curve

𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐𝟓

at the point A(-4, -3).

 Quiz on Tuesday, Feb 26 on Implicit
Reminder
Differentiation