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Chapter-1: Internship Management System
Chapter-1: Internship Management System
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 ABOUT INTERNSHIP MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Nowadays, finding internships or a summer jobs to enhance competitiveness before their
graduation has become an increasing tendency. For university students, doing internship is a
way to have a greater chance to find career in the future, but for elementary school and high
school students, internship is a way to understand different divisions of social labour so that
the students can find their own interest among different areas. That is, they will establish their
goal of future and not completely be in the dark when choosing a major after graduation. For
university students, it will not be easy to find a job via social recruitments, because a large
number of companies will require working experience before a candidate apply for the job.
Students will face some obstacles if they lack of real-world experience (Hurst et al., 2014).
Because of today’s omnipresent technologies, a large amount of job hunting websites are
available on diverse platforms. These websites gather information from different companies,
and the job seekers can search jobs according to different categories, such as location and
experience level. However, the job hunting websites are to a large extent for people who are
over 18 years old and have behavioural competence. Elementary school and high school
students who are willing to find an internship cannot find proper internships on these
websites.
In this master’s thesis, we will mainly focus on how to improve the usability of an internship
management tool which is developed by Praktikplatsen.se which can also be considered as an
internship management tool whose target groups are mainly elementary school students, high
school students, university students and administrators because finding an internship is a
mandatory part in the curriculum. There are two parts in the website which include student
platform and administrator platform. In this project, the task is to improve the usability of the
administrator’s part.
During this thesis we have found out that internship management systems are complicated in
general, which is why a small part of the report will also have focus on complicated systems
and its similarities .
There will be eight parts in this report. In the first part, we will bring out the research
question and the research problem which will be answered and solved in this master’s thesis.
Second, the background of the master’s thesis will be elaborated. Theories and methodologies
that would be applied to the project will be described in the third and fourth part respectively.
In the fifth chapter, a detailed time plan and design process will be presented. In the sixth
chapter, the result of the project will be presented. Some design insights and issues will be
discussed in the seventh part. In the last part, a conclusion will be made.
MySQL was created by a Swedish company, MySQL AB, founded by David Axmark, Allan
Larsson and Michael "Monty" Widenius. Original development of MySQL by Widenius and
Axmark began in 1994. The first version of MySQL appeared on 23 May 1995. It was
initially created for personal usage from mSQL based on the low-level language ISAM,
which the creators considered too slow and inflexible. They created a new SQL interface,
while keeping the same API as Msql
MySQL is written in C and C++. Its SQL parser is written in yacc, but it uses a home-brewed
lexical analyzer. Mysql dump is a logical backup tool included with both community and
enterprise editions of MySQL. It supports backing up from all storage engines. MySQL
Enterprise Backup is a hot backup utility included as part of the MySQL Enterprise
subscription from Oracle, offering native InnoDB hot backup, as well as backup for other
storage engines. Xtra Backup is an open-source MySQL hot backup software program.
Features include hot, non-locking backups for InnoDB storage, incremental backups,
streaming, parallel-compressed backups, throttling based on the number of I/O operations per
second, etc. MySQL Fabric is an integrated system for managing a collection of MySQL
servers, and a framework on top of which high availability and database sharding is built.
MySQL Fabric is open-source, and supports procedure execution in the presence of failure,
providing an execution model usually called resilient execution. phpMyAdmin is a free and
open source tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of MySQL with the
use of a web browser. It can perform various tasks such as creating, modifying or deleting
databases, tables, fields or rows; executing SQL statements; or managing users and
permissions.
The project which we have did has many applications. The student can enter the details of
him, employer can enter the employer details and he can monitor the student deatils. The
project which we have did is user friendly. We can easily update the details of Students,
employer. We can also delete the records..
In this new internship Management System, much of manual processing repetition work has
been eliminated such as data redundancy, save time and storage area.. The Admin can search
for student information, employer information and applicants information. Profile can be
updated by the users individually. Searching technique which is one of the most unique
technique of this project provide the user to fetch the information of the student applications.
CHAPTER-2
LITERATURE SURVEY
Before going to the industrial training, student need to complete the registration process. The
process then need to be done manually, which mean students need to fill and complete in by
write it in the form. After receiving offer letter from company, students need to inform
faculty's internship coordinator for approving. Beside, when it comes to the day student came
to internship place, they need to make a self-report manually by fill in the form in the
logbook about details of company. While student undergoing the training, they need to write
on the logbook about what they are doing every day in the logbook. Other than that, student
performance also had been mark by company's supervisor every week. The mark will be
given in the logbook. Furthermore, students need to buy the logbook and the logbook itself
easily damage.
DISADVANTAGES
Low or No pay – Most college students are financially challenged; relying on at least
part-time jobs to get by. It can, therefore, be very tempting to take a job that has no
relationship to your career goals, just to make ends meet. Thankfully, for-profit
companies are pretty tightly regulated where internships are concerned, but even those
that pay typically pay a significantly lower wage than regular employees would earn.
Some internships actually cost you money – Some management internships are
taken for credit, putting you in the position of having to pay tuition and fees to
participate, just like any of your other courses.
Nothing is guaranteed – You might hope that the prestigious firm that offers you an
internship will appreciate your brilliance and impeccable work ethic. Such hope is
natural. You need to realize, however, that the company or organization is under no
obligation to offer you employment at the end of your internship or upon graduation.
On the other hand, putting in some time with a company or organization gives you a
solid image of what it is like to work there. You may actually find it is not a good fit
for you, which is better learned as an intern than a new-hire.
If you go into the internship with your eyes open and your expectations realistic, it
can be a profoundly rewarding experience for you; paving the way for a successful
professional career. To benefit as much as possible, learn everything you can about
the program. If possible, talk to others who have interned there before you. Find out
what they did and didn’t like about the program, and carefully consider every detail.
That way, as you weigh the pros and cons of various internship offers, you’ll be better
prepared to commit to a rewarding program that fits well with your career goals
CHAPTER-3
HARDWARE,SOFTWARE
AND FUNCTIONAL
REQUIREMENTS
CHAPTER 3
Other requirements:
Security.
Portability.
Flexibility.
Efficiency.
Correctness.
Tools Used:
XAMPP.
Sublime text 3
CHAPTER-4
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
CHAPTER-4
SYSTEM DESIGN
System Design is the most creative and challenging phase in the system life cycle. Design
is the first step into the development phase for any engineered product or system. Design is a
creative process. A good design is the key to effective system. System design is a solution
how to approach the creation of a new system. System design transforms a logic
representation of what is required to do into the physical specification. The specification is
converted into physical reality during development.
Logical design
The logical flow of a system and define the boundaries of a system. It includes the following
steps:
• Reviews the current physical system – its data flows, file content, volume’s, frequencies
etc.
• Prepares output specifications – that is, determines the format, content and Frequency of
reports.
• Prepares input specifications – format, content and most of the input functions.
• Prepares edit, security and control specifications. • Specifies the implementation plan.
• Prepares a logical design walk through of the information flow, output, input, controls and
implementation plan.
Physical design
Physical system produces the working systems by define the design specifications that tell the
programmers exactly what the candidate system must do. It includes the following steps.
• Design physical information flow through the system and a physical design Walk through.
• Devise a test and implementation plan and specify any new hardware/software.
Input design
Authorized User enter his/her user id and password for login to authenticate in this system
User Enters the Student Details, While registaring information of the Student such as
Student id
Student full_name
Email address
password
Address 1
Address 2
City
State
Zipcode
Admin can create the various employer details in this website
He/she can create Employer details in this website.
Employer can also enter the details of new employer details.
There are two reasons to create a database diagram. You're either designing a new schema or
you need to document your existing structure.
If you have an existing database you need to to document, you create a database diagram
using data directly from your database. You can export your database structure as a CSV file
(there are some scripts on how to this here), then have a program generate the ERD
automatically.
In some cases, entities can be self-linked. For example, employees can supervise
other employees.
Attributes, which are represented by ovals. A key attribute is the unique,
distinguishing characteristic of the entity.
A multivalued attribute can have more than one value. For example, an employee
entity can have multiple skill values.
A derived attribute is based on another attribute. For example, an employee's monthly
salary is based on the employee's annual salary.
Connecting lines, solid lines that connect attributes to show the relationships of
entities in the diagram.
Cardinality specifies how many instances of an entity relate to one instance of
another entity. Ordinality is also closely linked to cardinality.
SCHEMA DIAGRAM
CHAPTER-5
IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation in this context refers to programming. This is the phase that gave birth to the
system.
The outputs from the analysis and design phase are used as input in this phase. The main
activity in this phase is programming.
5.1.1.1 HTML
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the set of markup symbols or codes inserted in a file
intended for display on a World Wide Web browser page. The markup tells the Web browser
how to display a Web page’s words and images for the user. The idea behind Hypertext
Markup Language (HTML) was born at the European Laboratory for High- Energy Physics
(CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland, as early as 1989. One year later, the World Wide Web
project was also started there.
5.1.1.2 CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheets language (style language) introduced by W3C.
Cascading refers to the process of determining the priority of styling rules. CSS is used to
define the presentational semantics of structured documents. It provides control over visual
characteristics of HTML and XHTML documents and their elements. Some typical features
are, for example, fonts,colors, backgrounds, margins, borders, and layers.
5.1.1.3 SASS
Sass (Syntactically Awesome StyleSheets) is an extension of CSS that adds power and
elegance to the basic language. It allows you to use variables, nested rules, mixins, inline
imports, and more, all with a fully CSS compatible syntax. Sass helps keep large stylesheets
well organized, and get small stylesheets up and running quickly.
5.1.1.4 Javascript
JavaScript is the programming language of the Web. The overwhelming majority of modern
websites use JavaScript, and all modern web browsers on desktops, game consoles, tablets,
and smart phones include JavaScript interpreters, making JavaScript the most ubiquitous
programming language in history
5.1.1.5 Ajax
Ajax is an acronym for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. It is not a programming
language but a group of web development technologies related to each other, such as HTML,
CSS, DOM, JavaScript, XML, and XSLT. Ajax can be used on the client side to create
interactive web applications. Web site applications empowered with Ajax can send data to
and retrieve data from servers asynchronously .Ajax is suitable for avoiding full-page reloads
when exchanging data asynchronously.
5.1.1.6 PHP
PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor. It is a server-side scripting language that powers
some of the most popular websites in the world, including WordPress and Facebook. It is
open source, relatively easy to learn, and works perfectly with MySQL, making it a popular
choice for web developers.
5.1.1.7 MYSQL
Every web application, howsoever simple or complicated, requires a database for storing
collected data. MySQL, which is an open source relational database management system.
Information in a MySQL database is stored in the form of related tables. MySQL databases
are typically used for web application development (often accessed using PHP). A MySQL
database can be accessed (queried) directly using; C, C++, Eiffel, Java, Perl, PHP and Python
computer languages. There is also third party support for connection in a Windows
environment. MySQL databases are queried using a subset of the standard Structured Query
Language (SQL) commands.
5.1.2 Tools
5.1.2.1 XAMPP
XAMPP stands for Cross-Platform (X), Apache (A), MySQL (M), PHP (P) and Perl (P). It is
a simple, lightweight Apache distribution that makes it extremely easy for developers to
create a local web server for testing purposes. Everything you need to set up a web server
server application (Apache), database (MySQL), and scripting language (PHP) is included in
a simple extractable file. XAMPP is also cross-platform, which means it works equally well
on Linux, Mac and Windows. Since most actual web server deployments use the same
components as XAMPP, it makes transitioning from a local test server to a live server is
extremely easy as well.
CHAPTER-6
DISCUSSION AND SNAPSHOTS
CHAPTER-6
DISCUSSION AND SNAPSHOTS
1.Application table
2.CUSTOMER
3.EMPLOYER
4.INTERNSHIP
5.USERS
SNAPSHOTS:
FIG:APPLICATIONS
FIG:INTERNSHIPS
FIG:STUDENT DETAILS
CHAPTER-7
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-7
CONCLUSION
It has been a great pleasure for me to work on this exciting and challenging project. This
project proved good for me as it provided practical knowledge of not only programming in
HTML & CSS and PHP web based application and no some extent MySQL workbench and
MYSQL, but also about all handling procedure related with “SJCIT Management System”. It
also provides knowledge about the latest technology used in developing web enabled
application and client server technology that will be great demand in future. This will provide
better opportunities and guidance in future in developing projects independently. 1. Gain
BENEFITS OF INTERNSHIP :
valuable work experience
The hands-on work experience interns receive is invaluable and cannot be obtained in a
classroom setting, making this one of the most important benefits of internships. Interns
have the opportunity to apply acquired knowledge to real work experiences, witnessing
firsthand the day-to-day job duties they can expect to encounter in their chosen field. In
addition to learning the specialized skills of a particular field, transferable skills such as
communication, teamwork, and computer proficiency are also obtained in an internship, fully
preparing interns to enter the workforce upon graduation.
2. Explore a career path
Exploring is an important part of the college experience, and internships are a great way for
students to acquaint themselves with the field they are interested in. Some students begin
college with a major or career path in mind, and end up changing their minds later on. Taking
on an internship while in college allows students to work in their desired field, helping them
decide if the field is right for them. By graduation, students who interned are more likely to
feel confident they chose the right degree.
3. Give yourself an edge in the job market
One of the most important internship benefits is that college graduates who already have
some work experience in the form of an internship stand out to potential employers.
Internship experience makes a college grad more marketable as they usually require less
training and can handle more responsibilities. You may also receive a higher starting salary
than those who do not have internship experience and are entering the workforce or starting a
new career.
4. Develop and refine skills
You can learn a lot about your strengths and weaknesses during an internship. Internships
allow for feedback from supervisors and others who are established in the field, and offer a
unique learning opportunity that you may not have again as a working adult. Embrace the
mistakes you make as an intern and the many things that you won’t know. Ask questions,
observe, and take risks to get the most out of your internship training experience.
5. Receive financial compensation
Many internships are paid which means you can gain valuable work experience and make
money at the same time. A paid internship will provide money to fund your college tuition
and expenses.
6. Network with professionals in the field
In the working world, it’s all about who you know. As an intern, you will be surrounded by
professionals in the industry. Internships are more than just about earning credit, getting a
grade, or making money; internships provide an opportunity to learn from the people around
you, ask questions, and impress. The professionals you encounter during an internship can be
your future colleagues or the connection to your first job.
7. Gain confidence
Internships allow you to test out specific techniques learned in the classroom before entering
the working world. It’s an opportunity to apply what you have learned in a safe environment
where mistakes are expected – rather than learn the hard way in your first job out of college.
8. Transition into a job
Many companies use internships as a way to enhance their recruitment efforts. In some cases,
a company may decide to hire an intern at the end of the assignment. Even if a job offer
doesn’t happen right away, an intern who makes a favorable impression could receive an
offer down the line when an opening occurs. It’s a way for companies to test out an employee
before committing to hiring them.
CHAPTER-8
BIBILOGRAPHY
CHAPTER-8
BIBILOGRAPHY
1. Angus, E. I. (2003). Evaluating experiential education. New Directions for Higher
Education, pp. 77-84.
3. Baines, T. R. (2004). The faculty supervisor. New Directions for Higher Education, 2, pp.
39-44.
7. Castaldi, T. M. (1989). Adult learning: Transferring skills from the workplace to the
classroom. Lifelong Learning, 12(6) pp. 17-19.
8. Castaldi, T. M. (1989). Adult learning: Transferring skills from the workplace to the
classroom. Lifelong Learning, 12(6) pp. 17-19.
WEBSITES:
ACTUAL CODE:
ADMIN CODE:
<?php
session_start();
require_once '../core/init.php';
include('includes/header.php');
?>
<?php
if(!isset($_SESSION['email'])){
echo "<script>window.open('login.php','_self')</script>";
}else{
?>
<?php
if(isset($_GET['internship'])){
$id = sanitize((int)$_GET['internship']);
$sqlResult = $db->query($sql);
$internshipCount = mysqli_num_rows($sqlResult);
$category = $row['category'];
$nameOfCompany = $row['nameOfCompany'];
$postedOn = $row['postedOn'];
$applyBy = $row['applyBy'];
$aboutCompany = $row['aboutCompany'];
$aboutInternship = $row['aboutInternship'];