Projection of Points

NOTATIONS

Following notations should be followed while naming

different views in orthographic projections.

OBJECT POINT A

IT’S TOP VIEW a always drawn on HP

IT’S FRONT VIEW a’ always drawn on VP

IT’S SIDE VIEW a” always drawn on PP

Point in 1st Quadrant
Point in 1st Quadrant
 Point in 1st Quadrant
FV
 Point in 1st Quadrant
FV

TV
 Point in 1st Quadrant
FV

TV
 Point in 1st Quadrant
FV

TV
 Point in 1st Quadrant
FV

TV
 Point in 1st Quadrant
FV

TV
 Point in 1st Quadrant
FV
FV

TV TV
Point in 2nd Quadrant
 Point in 2nd Quadrant

FV
TV
 Point in 2nd Quadrant

FV
TV
 Point in 2nd Quadrant

FV
TV
 Point in 2nd Quadrant

TV FV
 Point in 2nd Quadrant
TV

FV
 Point in 2nd Quadrant
TV
TV

FV FV
Point in 3rd Quadrant
 Procedure to Draw Projections (FV & TV) of a Point

Draw XY line

X Y
 Procedure to Draw Projections (FV & TV) of a Point

Draw a vertical projector

X Y
 Procedure to Draw Projections (FV & TV) of a Point

Locate the FV and TV

X Y
 Procedure to Draw Projections (FV & TV) of a Point

Dimension the FV and TV

X Y
 Procedure to Draw Projections (FV & TV) of a Point

Label the FV & TV

a’
15

X Y
40

a
 Procedure to Draw Projections (FV & TV) of a Point

Remove the extra projector length

a’
15

X Y
40

a
Dimensioning Tip (Refer to the dimensioning slides for more tips)

Extension lines should not cross dimension lines.

a’
15

X Y
40

GOOD GOOD POOR

Understanding Reference Axis Orientation
1st angle system

VP
PP

Y X

HP
Understanding Reference Axis Orientation
1st angle system

VP
PP

Y X

HP
Understanding Reference Axis Orientation
1st angle system
PP
Z

Y
VP

Y
HP
Understanding Reference Axis Orientation
1st angle system

Z
PP VP

Y X
O

HP
Y
Understanding Reference Axis Orientation
1st angle system

Z
PP VP

O
Y X

45°

HP
Y
Understanding Reference Axis Orientation
1st angle system

Z
PP VP

O
Y X

45°

HP
Y
Understanding Reference Axis Orientation
1st angle system

Z
PP VP

Right Front
Side View
View
O
Y X

Top
45° View

HP
Y
Understanding Reference Axis Orientation
1st angle system 3rd angle system

Z Y
PP VP HP

Right Front Top

Side View 45° View
View
O O
Y X Y X

Top Left Front

45° View Side View
View
HP PP VP
Y Z
 Axis layout for Side View
1st angle system 3rd angle system

Z Y
PP Right Side View Front View VP Top View HP

45°

O O
Y X Y X

45°

Top View HP PP Left Side View Front View VP

Y Z
 Example of drawing Side View in
1st angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm
away from PP. Point A lies in 1st
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & RSV.
 Example of drawing Side View in
1st angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40 1st angle system
mm away from VP and 25 mm
Z
away from PP. Point A lies in 1st
PP Right Side View Front View VP
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & RSV.

Solution Steps
1. Draw the axis (for 1st angle projection sys.)
O
Y X

45°

Top View HP
Y
 Example of drawing Side View in
1st angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm
Z
away from PP. Point A lies in 1st
25
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & RSV. a’

Solution Steps

30
1. Draw the axis (for 1st angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV above : TV below) O
Y X

40
45°

a
Y
 Example of drawing Side View in
1st angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm
Z
away from PP. Point A lies in 1st
25
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & RSV. a’

Solution Steps

30
1. Draw the axis (for 1st angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV above : TV below) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP

40
45°

a
Y
 Example of drawing Side View in
1st angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm
Z
away from PP. Point A lies in 1st
25
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & RSV. a’

Solution Steps

30
1. Draw the axis (for 1st angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV above : TV below) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP
4. Draw a projector from TV towards 45° line.

40
From the point of intersection turn this 45°

project 90° towards PP.

a
Y
 Example of drawing Side View in
1st angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm
Z
away from PP. Point A lies in 1st
25
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & RSV. a’

Solution Steps

30
1. Draw the axis (for 1st angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV above : TV below) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP
4. Draw a projector from TV towards 45° line.

40
From the point of intersection turn this 45°

project 90° towards PP.

5. The point of intersection of these two a
projectors in the PP is the side view Y
 Example of drawing Side View in
1st angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm
Z
away from PP. Point A lies in 1st
25
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & RSV. a’’ a’

Solution Steps

30
1. Draw the axis (for 1st angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV above : TV below) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP
4. Draw a projector from TV towards 45° line.

40
From the point of intersection turn this 45°

project 90° towards PP.

5. The point of intersection of these two a
projectors in the PP is the side view Y
 Example of drawing Side View in
1st angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm
Z
away from PP. Point A lies in 1st
25
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & RSV. a’’ a’

Solution Steps

30
1. Draw the axis (for 1st angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV above : TV below) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP
4. Draw a projector from TV towards 45° line.

40
From the point of intersection turn this 45°

project 90° towards PP.

5. The point of intersection of these two a
projectors in the PP is the side view Y
6. Trim the extra projectors
 Example of drawing Side View in
3rd angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm Y
away from PP. Point A lies in 3rd
Top View HP
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & LSV.

Solution Steps 45°

1. Draw the axis (for 3rd angle projection sys.)
O
Y X

PP Left Side View Front View VP

Z
 Example of drawing Side View in
3rd angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm Y
25
away from PP. Point A lies in 3rd
a
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & LSV.

Solution Steps 45°

40
1. Draw the axis (for 3rd angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV below : TV above) O
Y X

30
a’

Z
 Example of drawing Side View in
3rd angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm Y
25
away from PP. Point A lies in 3rd
a
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & LSV.

Solution Steps 45°

40
1. Draw the axis (for 3rd angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV below : TV above) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP

30
a’

Z
 Example of drawing Side View in
3rd angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm Y
25
away from PP. Point A lies in 3rd
a
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & LSV.

Solution Steps 45°

40
1. Draw the axis (for 3rd angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV below : TV above) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP

30
4. Draw a projector from TV towards 45° line.

a’

Z
 Example of drawing Side View in
3rd angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm Y
25
away from PP. Point A lies in 3rd
a
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & LSV.

Solution Steps 45°

40
1. Draw the axis (for 3rd angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV below : TV above) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP

30
4. Draw a projector from TV towards 45° line.
From the point of intersection turn this
project 90° towards PP. a’

Z
 Example of drawing Side View in
3rd angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm Y
25
away from PP. Point A lies in 3rd
a
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & LSV.

Solution Steps 45°

40
1. Draw the axis (for 3rd angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV below : TV above) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP

30
4. Draw a projector from TV towards 45° line.
From the point of intersection turn this
project 90° towards PP. a’’ a’
5. The point of intersection of these two
projectors in the PP is the side view Z
 Example of drawing Side View in
3rd angle projection system
Point A is 30 mm away from HP, 40
mm away from VP and 25 mm Y
25
away from PP. Point A lies in 3rd
a
quadrant. Draw its FV, TV & LSV.

Solution Steps 45°

40
1. Draw the axis (for 3rd angle projection sys.)
2. Draw FV & TV (FV below : TV above) O
Y X
3. Draw a projector from FV towards PP

30
4. Draw a projector from TV towards 45° line.
From the point of intersection turn this
project 90° towards PP. a’’ a’
5. The point of intersection of these two
projectors in the PP is the side view Z
6. Trim the extra projectors
 Example on Shortest Distance
• A point R is 30 mm above H.P., 20 mm from P.P. and
lies in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from
XY line is 50 mm. Draw its plan and elevation.
 Example on Shortest Distance
• A point R is 30 mm above H.P., 20 mm from P.P. and
lies in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from
XY line is 50 mm. Draw its plan and elevation.
Z
PP VP

Y X
O

HP
Y
 Example on Shortest Distance
• A point R is 30 mm above H.P., 20 mm from P.P. and
lies in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from
XY line is 50 mm. Draw its plan and elevation.
Z
PP VP
30

Y X
O

HP
Y
 Example on Shortest Distance
• A point R is 30 mm above H.P., 20 mm from P.P. and
lies in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from
XY line is 50 mm. Draw its plan and elevation.
Z
PP VP

R50
30

Y X
O

HP
Y
 Example on Shortest Distance
• A point R is 30 mm above H.P., 20 mm from P.P. and
lies in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from
XY line is 50 mm. Draw its plan and elevation.
Z
PP VP

r”

R50
30

Y X
O

HP
Y
 Example on Shortest Distance
• A point R is 30 mm above H.P., 20 mm from P.P. and
lies in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from
XY line is 50 mm. Draw its plan and elevation.
Z
PP VP

r”

R50
30

Y X
O

HP
Y
 Example on Shortest Distance
• A point R is 30 mm above H.P., 20 mm from P.P. and
lies in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from
XY line is 50 mm. Draw its plan and elevation.
Z
PP VP

r”

R50
30

Y X
O

20 HP
Y
 Example on Shortest Distance
• A point R is 30 mm above H.P., 20 mm from P.P. and
lies in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from
XY line is 50 mm. Draw its plan and elevation.
Z
PP VP

r”

R50
30

Y X
O

20 HP
Y
 Example on Shortest Distance
• A point R is 30 mm above H.P., 20 mm from P.P. and
lies in the first quadrant. Its shortest distance from
XY line is 50 mm. Draw its plan and elevation.
Z
PP VP

r” r’

R50
30

Y X
O

r
20 HP
Y