2019-CIVE1143-Lecture 10 Matrix Method For Beams 2019-CIVE1143-Lecture 10 Matrix Method For Beams

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2019-CIVE1143-Lecture 10 Matrix Method for Beams
Analysis of Complex Structures (RMIT)
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CIVE 1143 – ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX STRUCTURES
Dr. Jianhu Shen(Chris)

Office : 10.12.15
Email : jianhu.shen@rmit.edu.au
Consultation times:
Tuesday 10:30AM-12:30PM in 10.12.15
Other time will be arranged from time to time
please check canvas announcement for detail
1 Structural Analysis Eighth Edition l © 2012 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd

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Analysis of Complex Structure

Lecture 9-Matrix Method
Reference:
Structural Analysis
EIGHTH EDITION IN SI UNITS
R. C. HIBBELER
Chapter 15 Beam Analysis Using the Stiffness

Method

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Detailed references
15.1 Preliminary Remarks

15.2 Beam-Member Stiffness Matrix
15.3 Beam-Structure Stiffness Matrix
15.4 Application of the Stiffness Method for Beam Analysis

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Puzzle for Approximate Method
By answering the following questions relating to the puzzle of “Approximate Method” in

analysis of complex structure:
(1)Why do we call this method
“Matrix Method” “Stiffness
Method?
(3) (2)What are the assumptions
(8) (3)What is the key features?
(1) (5) (4)What is the additional
equations used?
Stiffness Method (5)What is the direct objective of
this method?
(6) (6)What is the general procedure
(2) (7) to use this method
(7)Is there a short-cut to solve a
(4) specific problem using this
method?
(8)What is the application of this
method

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Review of Matrix Method for truss (similar to

FEM)
(1) The Matrix Method (stiffness method):
1)The method requires subdividing the whole truss structure into a series
of discrete truss elements and identifying their end points as nodes.
2) The force-displacement properties (element stiffness matrix ki) of each
element are determined and then related to one another using the force
equilibrium equations written at nodes.
3) These relationships for the entire structure, are then grouped together
into what is called the global stiffness matrix K for the whole truss
structure.
4) Once it established, the unknown displacements of nodes can then be
determined for any given loading on the structure using F=KD.
x k
F
(4) F = KD
F = kx

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What is new for Matrix method for beams?

Common features for all purpose:
Subdividing the structure into elements and nodes

All variables (node force, node displacement) are on nodes
Express the stiffness of element and structure using matrix
Combine all element matrix to form structure stiffness
Solve unknown using matrix operation
New features for beam elements:

Element should free from load (Truss? Beams?)
Freedoms and forces at each node (Truss? Beam?)
Dimension of vectors and matrix (element matrix for truss? for beam?
Let use a very simple

(3)
structure to explore
those new features

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Element and Node Identification
In order to apply the matrix method to beams, we must first

determine how to subdivide the beam into its component finite
elements.
• In general each element must be free from load
(otherwise…).
• Nodes are usually located at joints, supports,
concentrated forces or moments, at the ends of a member.
For Example:
1 1 2 3 3
2 4
(5)

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Freedoms and force on node of a beam element
Internal forces
Vi Vi+1
Mi Mi+1
Degree of freedoms
θ i +1
θi vi vi+1
q N  d N   Vi   vi 
M  θ 
q  d   i 
 
 i 
 F  F V
 i +1 

v

 i +1 
 M i +1  θ i +1 

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External Force vector
External vertical force & external bending moment will be identified by node
numbers as V1, V2, V3… and M1, M2, M3…
The force vector of the beam is defined as  V1  Sign Conventions
M 
 1 
Example F =  V2  V +
M 
 2
 M 
M +
 V1 
M 
1 1
2 2 3 3 4  1
 V2 
 
 0 
F= 
 − P 
 0 
 
 V4 
 0 
 

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More examples on force vector
External vertical force & external bending moment will be identified by node
numbers as V1, V2, V3… and M1, M2, M3…
Sign Conventions
20kN
5kNm V +
1 2
M +
1 2 3
V1 V2 V3
 V1 
 0 
 
V − 20 
F= 2 
 0 
 V3 
 
 − 5 

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Displacement vector
Consider the vertical displacement and rotation v1, v2, v3… and θ1, θ2, θ3…
 v1 
θ 
 1 
D = v 2 
θ 
 2
 M 
Example:
0
0
 
0
 
θ 
1 3
D =  2
1 2 3
2 4  v3 
θ 3 
 
0
θ 
 4

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Preliminary remark
First we must establish the stiffness matrix (local) for each

element, ki
These matrices are combined to form the beam stiffness
matrix (global), K
The loads at the nodes of beam can be related to the
displacement F = KD
We can determine the unknown displacements and forces at
nodes.
(6)

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Beam element stiffness matrix ki
The stiffness matrix for a general beam element i
Vi Vi +1
Mi M i +1
i i i+1
Fi = k i D i
vi θi vi+1 θi+1
 Vi   12 EI L3 6 EI L2 − 12 EI L3 6 EI L2   vi 
M    
 i   6 EI L2
4 EI L − 6 EI L2 2 EI L   θ i 
 =  − 12 EI L3  
 V i +1  − 6 EI L2 12 EI L3 − 6 EI L2   vi +1  (7)
 M i +1   
 6 EI L
2
2 EI L − 6 EI L2 4 EI L  θ i +1 

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Beam element stiffness matrix ki
The stiffness matrix for a general beam element i
Vi V i +1
Mi M i +1
i i i+1
Fi = k i D i
vi θi vi+1 θi+1
 12 L3 6 L2 − 12 L3 6 L2  vi
 
6 L2
4 L − 6 L2 2 L  θi
k i = EI 
 − 12 L3 − 6 L2 12 L3 − 6 L2  vi+1
 
 6 L
2
2 L − 6 L2 4 L  θi+1
Then elemental matrices are combined to form the beam stiffness matrix
(global), K, and establish the force-displacement relationship F = KD

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Example 1
Determine the reactions at supports of the beam. EI is constant
5 kN
2m 2m

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Example – Element and Node
(1) Discrete structure to elements and nodes with proper label
5 kN
1 2 3
1 2
2m 2m

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(2) Force and Displacement Vectors
5 kN
1 2 3
1 2
V1 V2
 V1   V1   v1   0 
M   0  θ  θ 
 1    1  1
 V   V   v   0 
F= 2 = 2 D =  2 =  
M 2   0  θ 2  θ 2 
 V3   − 5   v3   v 3 
       
 M 3   0  θ 3  θ 3 

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(3)Elemental (member) Matrix
0
 V1  θ 
0   1
5 kN    0 
1 2 3  V  D= 
F= 2
1 2 0  θ 2 
− 5  v3 
   
 0  θ 3 
Applying the following formula for each element:

vi θi vj θj
 12 L3 − 12 L3 6 L2 
vi
6 L2
 
6 L2
4 L − 6 L2 2 L  θi
k i = EI 
 − 12 L3 − 6 L2 12 L3 − 6 L2 
vj
 
 6 L
2
2 L − 6 L2 4 L  θj

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5 kN
1 2 3  12 L3 6 L2 − 12 L3 6 L2 
 
 6 L2 4 L − 6 L2 2 L 
1 2 k i = EI
 − 12 L3 − 6 L2 12 L3 − 6 L2 
 
 6 L
2
2 L − 6 L2 4 L 
1 1 1 1
= = 0 .5 = = 0 .25
1
=
1
= 0 .125
L 2 L2
2 2 3 3
L 2
v1 θ1 v2 θ2
Element 1:
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v1
 1 .5 2 − 1 .5 1  θ1
k 1 = EI 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v2
 
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ2

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(7)
5 kN
1 2 3
1 2
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 Element 2: v2 θ2 v3 θ3
Element 1:
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v1  1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
 1 .5  1 .5 1 
2 − 1 .5 1  θ1 2 − 1 .5 θ2
k 1 = EI  k 2 = EI 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v2  − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
   
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ2  1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3

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Example – Assemble into the global matrix
5 kN
1 2 3
1 2
Element 1:
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v1  1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
 1 .5  1 .5 1 
2 − 1 .5 1  θ1 2 − 1 .5 θ2
k 1 = EI  k 2 = EI 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v2  − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
   
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ2  1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
? ? ? ? ? ? v1
? ? ? ? ? ?  θ1

? ? ? ? ? ? v2
K = EI   θ2
? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ? ? v3
 
 ? ? ? ? ? ?  θ3

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5 kN
1 2 3
1 2
Element 1:
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v1  1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
 1 .5  1 .5 1 
2 − 1 .5 1  θ1 2 − 1 .5 θ2
k 1 = EI  k 2 = EI 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v2  − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
   
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ2  1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
1 . 5 ? ? ? ? ? v1
 ? ? ? ? ? ?  θ1

 ? ? ? ? ? ? v2
K = EI   θ2
 ? ? ? ? ? ?
 ? ? ? ? ? ? v3
 
 ? ? ? ? ? ?  θ3

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5 kN
1 2 3
1 2
Element 1:
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v1  1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
 1 .5  1 .5 1 
2 − 1 .5 1  θ1 2 − 1 .5 θ2
k 1 = EI  k 2 = EI 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v2  − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
   
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ2  1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 ? ? v1
 1 .5 2 − 1 .5 1 ? ?  θ1

 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 ? ? v2
K = EI  
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2 ? ? θ2
 ? ? ? ? ? ? v3
 
 ? ? ? ? ? ?  θ3

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5 kN
1 2 3
1 2
Element 1:
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v1  1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
 1 .5  1 .5 1 
2 − 1 .5 1  θ1 2 − 1 .5 θ2
k 1 = EI  k 2 = EI 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v2  − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
   
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ2  1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 ? ? v1
 1 .5 2 − 1 .5 1 ? ?  θ1

 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 + 1 .5 − 1 .5 ? ? v2
K = EI  
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2 ? ? θ2
 ? ? ? ? ? ? v3
 
 ? ? ? ? ? ?  θ3

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5 kN
1 2 3
1 2
Element 1:
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v1  1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
 1 .5  1 .5 1 
2 − 1 .5 1  θ1 2 − 1 .5 θ2
k 1 = EI  k 2 = EI 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v2  − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
   
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ2  1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 ? ?  v1
 1 .5 2 − 1 .5 1 ? ?  θ1
 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 3 0 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
K = EI  
 1 .5 1 0 4 − 1 .5 1  θ2
 ? ? − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
 
 ? ? 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3

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5 kN
1 2 3
1 2
Element 1:
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v1  1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
 1 .5  1 .5 1 
2 − 1 .5 1  θ1 2 − 1 .5 θ2
k 1 = EI  k 2 = EI 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v2  − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
   
 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ2  1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 0 0  v1
 1 .5 − 1 .5  θ1
F = KD
 2 1 0 0 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 3 0 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
K = EI  
 1 .5 1 0 4 − 1 .5 1  θ2
 0 0 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
 
 0 0 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3

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Example – Structure stiffness equation
5 kN
 V1  0
0  θ 
1 2 3
   1
 V   0 
1 2
F= 2 D= 
0  θ 2 
− 5  v3 
F = KD  
 0 
 
θ 3 
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
 V1   1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 0 0   0  v1
 0 
 
 1 .5
 2 − 1 .5 1 0 0   θ 1  θ1
 V 2   − 1 .5 − 1 .5 3 0 − 1 .5 1 . 5   0  v2
  = EI   
 0   1 .5 1 0 4 − 1 .5 1  θ 2  θ2
− 5  0 0 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 . 5   v 3  v3
    
 0   0 0 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2   θ 3  θ3

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Example – Displacements (deflections and

slopes)
5 kN
 V1  0
0  θ 
1 2 3
   1
 V   0 
1 2
F= 2 D= 
0  θ 2 
− 5  v3 
F = KD  
 0 
 
θ 3 
{
 0  2 1 0 0  θ 1  0 = 2θ1 + θ 2
 0  1 − 1 .5  θ 
  4 1   2  0 = θ1 + 4θ 2 − 1 .5v3 + θ 3
  = EI 
− 5 0 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5   v 3 
−
5
= − 1.5θ 2 + 1.5v3 − 1.5θ 3
 0   
0 1 − 1 .5 2   θ 3  EI
0 = θ 2 − 1 .5v3 + 2θ 3
Solving,
3 .33 6.67 26 .67 16 .67
θ1 = θ2 = − v3 = − θ3 = −
EI EI EI EI

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Example – Reactions (Forces)
0   0 
Determine the reactions at supports of the beam. EI is constant θ   3 . 33 
 1  
5 kN  0  1  0 
  =  
1 2 3 θ 2  EI  − 6 . 67 
 v3   − 26 . 67 
1 2    
 θ 3   − 16 . 67 
V1=-5kN V2=10kN
 V1   1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 0 0   0 
 0   1 .5 2 − 1 .5 1 0 0   3 . 33 
     
 V 2   − 1 .5 − 1 .5 3 0 − 1 .5 1 .5  1  0 
  = EI    
 0   1 .5 1 0 4 − 1 .5 1  EI  − 6 . 67 
− 5  0 0 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5   − 26 . 67 
     
 0   0 0 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2   − 16 . 67 
V1 = (1.5 × 0 + 1 .5 × 3.33 − 1.5 × 0 + 1.5 × ( − 6 .67 ) + 0 × ( − 26 .67 ) + 0 × ( − 16 .67 ) ) = − 5kN
V2 = EI (− 1.5 × 0 − 1.5 × 3.33 + 3 × 0 + 0 × ( − 6.67 ) − 1 .5 × ( − 26 .67 ) + 1.5 × ( − 16 .67 ) ) = 10 kN

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Intermediate Loadings
In the matrix method, all loadings should be applied at the nodes. For a intermediate
loadings such as a distributed load, we should transfer the loadings to the both ends of
the beam. This transfer can be calculated according to the fixed-end reactions. For
example,
w
wL2
wL 2
12
12
L
wL
=
wL
2 2
+ How to
wL2 wL2 calculate those
12 12 equivalent
wL wL node forces?
2 2
Fixed End Moment

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Intermediate Loadings
In the matrix method, all loadings should be applied at the nodes. For a
intermediate loadings such as a distributed load, we should transfer the loadings
to the both ends of the beam. This transfer can be calculated according to the
fixed-end reactions. For example,
PL
PL
8
L/2 L/2
8
P P
2 2
P
PL PL
8 8
P P
2 2

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
Determine the reactions at supports of the beam. EI is constant.
60 kN
40 kN/m
2 3
1
1 2
6m 1m 1m

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
60 kN
40 kN/m
2 3
1
1 2
6m 1m 1m
Transfer the intermediate loading to nodes. The fixed end shear forces and
moments of members
wL 40 × 6 M 2F =
P 60
= = 30 kN
Member 1: V1 = F
= = 120 kN Member 2: 2 2
2 2 2
wL 40 × 6 2 PL 60 × 2
M1 =
F
= = 120 kNm M 2F = = = 15 kNm
12 12 8 8
120kN 120kN
40 kN/m
120kNm 120kNm
1 2 equivalent to 1 2
60 kN
30kN 30kN
15kNm
2 3
equivalent to 2 3
15kNm

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
60 kN
40 kN/m
2 3
1
1 2
6m 1m 1m
120kN 120kN
40 kN/m
120kNm 120kNm
1 2 equivalent to 1 2
60 kN
30kN 30kN
15kNm
2 3
equivalent to 2 3
15kNm
So the original structure is equivalent to the following structure
120kN 120kN 30kN 30kN
120kNm 120kNm 15kNm
3
1
1 2 15kNm
2

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
60 kN
40 kN/m
120kN 120kN 30kN 30kN
2 3
1 120kNm 120kNm 15kNm
2 3
1 1
1 2 15kNm
6m 1m 1m 2
=
120kN 150kN
30kN
120kNm 105kNm 15kNm
3
1
1 2
2

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
120kN 150kN
30kN
120kNm 105kNm 15kNm
2 3
M1 1 1 2
V1 V2 V3
The force and displacement vectors are
 V1 − 120   v1   0 
 M − 120  θ   0 
 1   1  
 V − 150   v   0 
F= 2  and D =  2 =  
 105  θ 2  θ 2 
 V3 − 30   v3   0 
     
 15  θ 3  θ 3 

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
 12 L3 6 L2 − 12 L3 6 L2 
Example 3  
 6 L2 4 L − 6 L2 2 L 
k i = EI
 − 12 L3 − 6 L2 12 L3 − 6 L2 
 
 6 L
2
2 L − 6 L2 4 L 
120kN 150kN
30kN 1 1
15kNm = = 0 .1667
120kNm 105kNm 2 L1 6
3
1 1
1 1 2 = = 0 .0278
L12 6 2
6m 1m 1m
1 1
= = 0 .0046
Stiffness matrices of members L13 6 3
Member 1: v1 v2
θ1 θ2
 0 .055 0 .167 − 0 .055 0 .167  v1

 0 .167 0 .667 − 0 .167 0 .333  θ1
k 1 = EI 
 − 0 .055 − 0 .167 0 .055 − 0 .167  v2
 
 0 .167 0 .333 − 0 .167 0 .667  θ2

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
 12 L3 6 L2 − 12 L3 6 L2 
Example 3  
 6 L2 4 L − 6 L2 2 L 
k i = EI
 − 12 L3 − 6 L2 12 L3 − 6 L2 
 
 6 L
2
2 L − 6 L2 4 L 
120kN 150kN
30kN
120kNm 105kNm 15kNm 1 1
2 3 = = 0 .5
L2 2
1 1 2
1 1
= = 0 .25
6m 1m 1m L22 2 2
1 1
= = 0 .125
Stiffness matrices of members L32 2 3
Member 1: Member 2:
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
 0 .055 0 .167 − 0 .055 0 .167  v1  1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2

 0 .167  1 .5 1 
0 .667 − 0 .167 0 .333  θ1 2 − 1 .5 θ2
k 1 = EI  k 2 = EI 
 − 0 .055 − 0 .167 0 .055 − 0 .167  v2  − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
   
 0 .167 0 .333 − 0 .167 0 .667  θ2  1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
v1 θ1 v2 θ2
120kN 150kN
30kN  0 .055 0 .167 − 0 .055 0 .167  v1
15kNm  0 .167 0 .333  θ1
120kNm 105kNm 2 3 0 .667 − 0 .167
k 1 = EI 
1 1 2  − 0 .055 − 0 .167 0 .055 − 0 .167  v2
 
 0 .167 0 .333 − 0 .167 0 .667  θ2
v2 θ2 v3 θ3
Assemble into the global matrix  1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
 1 .5 2 − 1 .5 1  θ2
k 2 = EI 
 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
 
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3  1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3
 0 . 055 0 . 167 − 0 . 055 0 . 167 0 0  v1
 0 . 167 0 . 667 − 0 . 167 0 . 333 0 0  θ1

 − 0 . 055 − 0 . 167 1 . 555 1 . 333 − 1 .5 1 .5  v2
K = EI  
 0 . 167 0 . 333 1 . 333 2 . 667 − 1 .5 1  θ2
 0 0 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5  v3
 
 0 0 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2  θ3

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
120kN 150kN
30kN
120kNm 105kNm 15kNm
2 3
1 1 2
Establish the force-displacement relationship
F = KD
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
 V 1 − 120   0 . 055 0 . 167 − 0 . 055 0 . 167 0 0  0  v1
 M − 120
 1


 0 . 167
 0 . 667 − 0 . 167 0 . 333 0 0   0  θ1
 V 2 − 150   − 0 . 055 − 0 . 167 1 . 555 1 . 333 − 1 .5 1 . 5   0  v2
  = EI   
 105   0 . 167 0 . 333 1 . 333 2 . 667 − 1 .5 1  θ 2  θ2
 V 3 − 30   0 0 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5   0  v3
    
 15   0 0 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2   θ 3  θ3

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
105   2 . 667 1  θ 2 
120kN 150kN
30kN   = EI   
15kNm  15   1 2  θ 3 
120kNm 105kNm 2 3
Thus,
1 1 2
EI θ 2 = 45 EI θ 3 = − 15
v1 θ1 v2 θ2 v3 θ3
 V 1 − 120   0 . 055 0 . 167 − 0 . 055 0 . 167 0 0  0  v1
 M − 120
 1


 0 . 167
 0 . 667 − 0 . 167 0 . 333 0 0   0  θ1
 V 2 − 150   − 0 . 055 − 0 . 167 1 . 555 1 . 333 − 1 .5 1 . 5   0  v2
  = EI   
 105   0 . 167 0 . 333 1 . 333 2 . 667 − 1 .5 1  θ 2  θ2
 V 3 − 30   0 0 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5   0  v3
    
 15   0 0 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2   θ 3  θ3

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
105   2 . 667 1  θ 2 
120kN 150kN
30kN   = EI   
15kNm  15   1 2  θ 3 
120kNm 105kNm 2 3
Thus,
M1 1 1 2
V1 V2 V3 EI θ 2 = 45 EI θ 3 = − 15
Substituting those values into force-displacement relationship
 V 1 − 120   0 . 055 0 . 167 − 0 . 055 0 . 167 0 0  0 

 M − 120
 1


 0 . 167
 0 . 667 − 0 . 167 0 . 333 0 0   0 
 V 2 − 150   − 0 . 055 − 0 . 167 1 . 555 1 . 333 − 1 .5 1 . 5   0 
  = EI   
 105   0 . 167 0 . 333 1 . 333 2 . 667 − 1 .5 1  θ 2 
 V 3 − 30   0 0 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5   0 
    
 15   0 0 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2   θ 3 
V1 − 120 = 0 .167 EI θ 2 = 7 .5 kN V1 = 127 .5 kN

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
105   2 . 667 1  θ 2 
120kN 150kN
30kN   = EI   
15kNm  15   1 2  θ 3 
120kNm 105kNm 2 3
Thus,
M1 1 1 2
V1 V2 V3 EI θ 2 = 45 EI θ 3 = − 15
Substituting those values into force-displacement relationship
 V 1 − 120   0 . 055 0 . 167 − 0 . 055 0 . 167 0 0  0 

 M − 120
 1
  0 . 167
  0 . 667 − 0 . 167 0 . 333 0 0   0 
 V 2 − 150   − 0 . 055 − 0 . 167 1 . 555 1 . 333 − 1 .5 1 . 5   0 
  =   
 105   0 . 167 0 . 333 1 . 333 2 . 667 − 1 .5 1   EI θ 2 
 V 3 − 30   0 0 − 1 .5 − 1 .5 1 .5 − 1 .5   0 
    
 15   0 0 1 .5 1 − 1 .5 2   EI θ 3 
V1 − 120 = 0 .167 EI θ 2 = 7 .5 kN V1 = 127 .5 kN
M 1 = 135kNm V 2 = 187 .5 kN V3 = − 15 kN

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
Shear Force Function (M(x)) and Diagram (SFD) and Bending Moment
Functions (M(x)) and Diagram (BMD).
Put the solved moment and reaction force with real

direction in the following diagram:
60 kN
40 kN/m
2 3
135kNm 1 2
1
127.5kN
187.5kN 15kN
6m 1m 1m

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
60 kN
40 kN/m For Section 1: (0 ≤ x ≤ 6m )
2 3
135kNm
1
127.5kN
1 2
+ ∑F y = 0 :127 . 5 − 40 x 1 + V ( x 1 ) = 0
187.5kN 15kN
6m 1m 1m V ( x ) = 40 x 1 − 127 . 5
+ ∑M A = 0:
40 kN/m
x1
135 − 127 . 5 x 1 + 40 x 1 × − M ( x1 ) = 0
M(x1) 2
135kNm
V(x1)
M ( x ) = 20 x1 − 127 . 5 x1 + 135
2
127.5kN
x1

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
40 kN/m
60 kN
For Section 1: (0 ≤ x ≤ 6m )
2 3
V ( x ) = 40 x − 127 . 5
135kNm 1 2
1
127.5kN
187.5kN
1m
15kN
1m
M ( x ) = − 20 x 2 − 127 . 5 x + 135
6m
127.5kN
SFD: 0
3.19m
112.5kN
135kNm 90kNm
BMD:
0
66.61kNm

lOMoARcPSD|4051234
Example 3
x2 x3
x1
60 kN
40 kN/m
2 3
Similarly, for Section 2
135kNm 1 2
1
127.5kN
187.5kN
1m
15kN
1m
For Section 1 : (0 ≤ x1 ≤ 6 m )
6m
V ( x ) = 40 x − 127 . 5
127.5kN 75kN
M ( x ) = − 20 x 2 − 127 . 5 x + 135
SFD:
0
3.19m 15kN For Section 2 : (0 ≤ x ≤ 1m )
112.5kN V ( x 2 ) = − 75
135kNm 90kNm M ( x 2 ) = 90 − 75 x 2
BMD: 15kNm
0
V ( x 3 ) = − 15
66.61kNm
M ( x 3 ) = 15 x 3

2019-CIVE1143-Lecture 10 Matrix Method For Beams 2019-CIVE1143-Lecture 10 Matrix Method For Beams

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2019-CIVE1143-Lecture 10 Matrix Method for Beams

Analysis of Complex Structures (RMIT)

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CIVE 1143 – ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX STRUCTURES

Dr. Jianhu Shen(Chris)

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Analysis of Complex Structure

Chapter 15 Beam Analysis Using the Stiffness

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15.1 Preliminary Remarks

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Puzzle for Approximate Method

By answering the following questions relating to the puzzle of “Approximate Method” in

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Review of Matrix Method for truss (similar to

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What is new for Matrix method for beams?

Subdividing the structure into elements and nodes

New features for beam elements:

Let use a very simple

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Element and Node Identification

In order to apply the matrix method to beams, we must first

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Freedoms and force on node of a beam element

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External Force vector

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More examples on force vector

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First we must establish the stiffness matrix (local) for each

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Beam element stiffness matrix ki

The stiffness matrix for a general beam element i

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Beam element stiffness matrix ki

The stiffness matrix for a general beam element i

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Determine the reactions at supports of the beam. EI is constant

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Example – Element and Node

(1) Discrete structure to elements and nodes with proper label

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(2) Force and Displacement Vectors

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(3)Elemental (member) Matrix

Applying the following formula for each element:

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(3)Elemental (member) Matrix

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(3)Elemental (member) Matrix

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Example – Assemble into the global matrix

Determine the reactions at supports of the beam. EI is constant

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Example – Assemble into the global matrix

Determine the reactions at supports of the beam. EI is constant

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Example – Assemble into the global matrix

Determine the reactions at supports of the beam. EI is constant

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