9.

If the code received is “aaa”, then the relay is turned on and the EV battery supplies
power to the DC loads connected to it. Thereby starting V2G services.
10. If the code received is “bbb”, then the relay is turned off and a message is printed
which instructs the EV driver/owner to charge the EV battery.

6.2 Hardware Implementation of the two-way communication:

A 12V, 1.3 Ahr (20 hr rating) Lead-acid battery acts as the EV battery. This battery is
connected to a voltage and a current sensor which are in turn connected to Arduino Mega
2560 microcontroller. A ZigBee transceiver is connected to the microcontroller for enabling
wireless communication. A 260 Ω, 1.4 A rheostat and a DC relay are connected in series to
the battery. The DC relay will only turn on if pin 9 on the Arduino Mega turns on. Pin 9 will
turn on only when the control station sends a command to the EV side to initiate V2G
services.

6.2.1 Apparatus used:

Following apparatus and software packages have been used for the implementation of the
proposed model:

1. ZigBee transceivers 2
2. Arduino Mega 2560 2
3. 12V, 1.3 Ahr Lead Acid Battery 1
4. Current Sensor 1
5. Voltage Sensor 1
6. Relay( DC 5V) 1
7. Rheostat (260 Ω, 1.4 A) 1
8. USB A-B type cables 2
9. MS Office 2010
10. Gobetwino
11. Arduino IDE
12. XCTU

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