DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL

Basic Data
Grade of steel (fy) 500 Mpa
Grade of concrete (fck) 35 Mpa
Density of soil 18.00 KN/m3 9.81 water
SBC 180.0 KN/m2
Height of wall 3.5 m
Height of water fill A 3.50 m 3.90 Incl. heel
Height of soil fill B 2.65 m 3.05 Incl. heel

Bending Moment 72.00 KN-m from staad

Design Bending Moment 108.00 KN-m

d required for stem 152 mm

Thickness of stem prov. 400 mm

d provided for stem 350 mm OK

Thickness of base slab 400 mm

Total Height 3900 mm Ideal values for Width of slab
Width of base slab 3900 mm 0.6H 2340
Heel Projection 1500 mm 0.7H 2730
Toe Projection 2000 mm

Stability Check

Load Value Lever Arm Moment

W1 weight of stem 35.00 1.700 59.50
W2 weight of base slab 39.00 1.950 76.05
W3 weight above toe 95.40 2.900 276.66
W4 weight above heel 51.50 0.750 38.63
W5 Water pressure from A 96.99
W6 Earth pressure from B -85.12 FOS against sliding
220.90 462.71

Z 2.095 m

e 0.145 m -8.00
b/6 0.650 m OK

Max. pressure below 69243.52 69.24 KN/m2 OK

Min. pressure below 44039.82 44.04 KN/m2 OK

Design of stem

Ast required for stem 731.56 mm2

Ast minimum for stem 700 mm2

So Provide 12 mm dia bars at 150 mm c/c for inner side

Use Bar Area Spacing
8 50.29 68.7
10 78.57 107.4
12 113.14 154.7
16 201.14 275.0
20 314.29 429.6
25 491.07 671.3
32 804.57 1099.8

Distribution steel reqd. 700 mm2

So provide 16 mm dia bars at 100 mm c/c on both side of the wall
Bar Area Spacing
8 50.286 71.8
10 78.571 112.2
12 113.143 161.6
16 201.143 287.3
20 314.286 449.0
 25 491.071 701.5
32 804.571 1149.4

Design of Toe slab

Upward pressure Force Lever Arm Moment

Rectangular area 112.64 1.000 112.64
Triangular Area 12.92 1.333 17.23
Downward Pressure
Weight of toe 20 1.000 20.00
Weight of soil on toe 95.400 1.000 95.40
14.47 KN-m
21.71 KN-m

Effective depth of toe 350 mm

Ast required for Toe 143.48 mm2

Ast minimum 700.00 mm2

Bar Area Spacing

8 50.286 71.8
10 78.571 112.2
12 113.143 161.6
16 201.143 287.3
20 314.286 449.0
25 491.071 701.5
32 804.571 1149.4

Distribution steel reqd. 480 mm2

Bar Area Spacing

8 50.286 104.8
10 78.571 163.7
12 113.143 235.7
16 201.143 419.0
20 314.286 654.8
25 491.071 1023.1
32 804.571 1676.2

Design of Heel Slab

Upward pressure Force Lever Arm Moment

Rectangular area 66.06 0.750 49.54
Triangular Area 7.27 0.500 3.64

Downward pressure
Weight of heel 15.00 0.750 11.25
Weight of Water on heel 51.50 0.750 38.63
-3.30 KN-m
4.95 KN-m

Ast required for heel 32.60 mm2

Ast minimum 700.00 mm2

So provide 12 mm dia bars at 160 mm c/c at botttom

Bar Area Spacing
8 50.286 71.8
10 78.571 112.2
12 113.143 161.6
16 201.143 287.3
20 314.286 449.0
25 491.071 701.5
32 804.571 1149.4

Distribution steel reqd. 700 mm2

So provide 12 mm dia. Bar at 160 mm c/c
Bar Area Spacing
8 50.286 71.8
 10 78.571 112.2
12 113.143 161.6
16 201.143 287.3
20 314.286 449.0
25 491.071 701.5
32 804.571 1149.4

Check for sliding

Hz. Force -9.12 KN

Taking coeff. of friction 0.33

Limiting Friction force 72.90 KN

FOS against sliding -8.00

Shear check for stem

Actual Shear force 61.25 KN From stadd
Design shear Vu 91.875 KN
τv = Vu/bd
0.2625 N/mm2

Ast Provided for stem 753.33 mm2 0.22 % 6.666667

100Ast/bd = 0.22 753.3333
From Table 19
τc = 0.35
τc > τv ok

Shear check for Base

Actual Shear force 61.25 KN From stadd
Design shear Vu 91.875 KN
τv = Vu/bd
0.2625 N/mm2

Ast Provided for stem 706.25 mm2 1.81 %

100Ast/bd = 0.20 6.25
From Table 19 706.25
τc = 0.33
τc > τv ok
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133

0.133

56641.67 0.222484
1.222484
0.777516

12250 0.059719

Toe
69.24 44.04
25.20 3.90
12.28 1.9
56.32
12.92

Toe Steel
12250 0.011712

Heel 69.24 44.04

25.20 3.9
9.69 1.5
53.73
Ast heel
12250 0.002661
 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL
Basic Data
Grade of steel (fy) 500 Mpa
Grade of concrete (fck) 35 Mpa
Density of soil 18.00 KN/m3 9.81 water
SBC 180.0 KN/m2
Height of wall 3.5 m
Height of water fill A 3.50 m 3.90 Incl. heel
Height of soil fill B 2.65 m 3.05 Incl. heel

Bending Moment 40.00 KN-m from staad

Design Bending Moment 60.00 KN-m

d required for stem 114 mm

Thickness of stem prov. 400 mm

d provided for stem 350 mm OK

Thickness of base slab 400 mm

Total Height 3900 mm Ideal values for Width of slab
Width of base slab 3900 mm 0.6H 2340
Heel Projection 1500 mm 0.7H 2730
Toe Projection 2000 mm

Stability Check

Load Value Lever Arm Moment

W1 weight of stem 35.00 1.700 59.50
W2 weight of base slab 39.00 1.950 76.05
W3 weight above toe 95.40 2.900 276.66
W4 weight above heel 51.50 0.750 38.63
W5 Water pressure from A 96.99
W6 Earth pressure from B -85.12 FOS against sliding
220.90 462.71

Z 2.095 m

e 0.145 m -8.00
b/6 0.650 m OK

Max. pressure below 69243.52 69.24 KN/m2 OK

Min. pressure below 44039.82 44.04 KN/m2 OK

Design of stem

Ast required for stem 400.84 mm2

Ast minimum for stem 700 mm2

So Provide 12 mm dia bars at 150 mm c/c for inner side

Use Bar Area Spacing
8 50.29 71.8
10 78.57 112.2
12 113.14 161.6
16 201.14 287.3
20 314.29 449.0
25 491.07 701.5
32 804.57 1149.4

Distribution steel reqd. 700 mm2

So provide 12 mm dia bars at 150 mm c/c on both side of the wall
Bar Area Spacing
8 50.286 71.8
10 78.571 112.2
12 113.143 161.6
16 201.143 287.3
20 314.286 449.0
 25 491.071 701.5
32 804.571 1149.4

Design of Toe slab

Upward pressure Force Lever Arm Moment

Rectangular area 112.64 1.000 112.64
Triangular Area 12.92 1.333 17.23
Downward Pressure
Weight of toe 20 1.000 20.00
Weight of soil on toe 95.400 1.000 95.40
14.47 KN-m
21.71 KN-m

Effective depth of toe 350 mm

Ast required for Toe 143.48 mm2

Ast minimum 700.00 mm2

Bar Area Spacing

8 50.286 71.8
10 78.571 112.2
12 113.143 161.6
16 201.143 287.3
20 314.286 449.0
25 491.071 701.5
32 804.571 1149.4

Distribution steel reqd. 700 mm2

Bar Area Spacing

8 50.286 71.8
10 78.571 112.2
12 113.143 161.6
16 201.143 287.3
20 314.286 449.0
25 491.071 701.5
32 804.571 1149.4

Design of Heel Slab

Upward pressure Force Lever Arm Moment

Rectangular area 66.06 0.750 49.54
Triangular Area 7.27 0.500 3.64

Downward pressure
Weight of heel 15.00 0.750 11.25
Weight of Water on heel 51.50 0.750 38.63
-3.30 KN-m
4.95 KN-m

Ast required for heel 32.60 mm2

Ast minimum 700.00 mm2

So provide 12 mm dia bars at 160 mm c/c at botttom

Bar Area Spacing
8 50.286 71.8
10 78.571 112.2
12 113.143 161.6
16 201.143 287.3
20 314.286 449.0
25 491.071 701.5
32 804.571 1149.4

Distribution steel reqd. 700 mm2

So provide 12 mm dia. Bar at 160 mm c/c
Bar Area Spacing
8 50.286 71.8
 10 78.571 112.2
12 113.143 161.6
16 201.143 287.3
20 314.286 449.0
25 491.071 701.5
32 804.571 1149.4

Check for sliding

Hz. Force -9.12 KN

Taking coeff. of friction 0.33

Limiting Friction force 72.90 KN

FOS against sliding -8.00

Shear check for stem

Actual Shear force 45 KN From stadd
Design shear Vu 67.5 KN
τv = Vu/bd
0.19 N/mm2

Ast Provided for stem 753.33 mm2 0.22 % 6.666667

100Ast/bd = 0.22 753.3333
From Table 19
τc = 0.35
τc > τv ok

Shear check for Base

Actual Shear force 61.25 KN From stadd
Design shear Vu 91.875 KN
τv = Vu/bd
0.2625 N/mm2

Ast Provided for stem 706.25 mm2 1.81 %

100Ast/bd = 0.20 6.25
From Table 19 706.25
τc = 0.33
τc > τv ok
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133

0.133

56641.67 0.222484
1.222484
0.777516

12250 0.032722

Toe
69.24 44.04
25.20 3.90
12.28 1.9
56.32
12.92

Toe Steel
12250 0.011712

Heel 69.24 44.04

25.20 3.9
9.69 1.5
53.73
Ast heel
12250 0.002661
 DESIGN OF RETAINING WALL
Basic Data
Grade of steel (fy) 500 Mpa
Grade of concrete (fck) 35 Mpa
Density of soil 18.00 KN/m3 9.81 water
SBC 180.0 KN/m2

Bending Moment 13.33 KN-m from staad

Design Bending Moment 20.00 KN-m

d required for stem 66 mm

Thickness of stem prov. 250 mm

d provided for stem 200 mm OK

Design of stem

Ast required for stem 233.85 mm2

Ast minimum for stem 437.5 mm2

So provide 10 mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c on both side of the wall
Use Bar Area Spacing
8 50.29 114.9
10 78.57 179.6
12 113.14 258.6
16 201.14 459.8
20 314.29 718.4
25 491.07 1122.4
32 804.57 1839.0

Distribution steel reqd. 437.5 mm2

So provide 10 mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c on both side of the wall
Bar Area Spacing
8 50.286 114.9
10 78.571 179.6
12 113.143 258.6
16 201.143 459.8
20 314.286 718.4
25 491.071 1122.4
32 804.571 1839.0
 250 0.148
415 0.138
500 0.133

0.133
#VALUE!
#VALUE!

7000 0.033407

Toe
#REF! 0.00
#REF! #VALUE!
 UPLIFT CHECK FOR BASE SLAB

Upward pressure 1192 2.25 9.81 26310.42

1.2 times of pressure 31572.5
Down ward Pressure
300 wall wt 0.4 132.6 1.5 25 1989
200 wall wt 0.25 132.6 2 25 1657.5
base slab 0.4 1192 25 11920
inter wall 0.2 136.925 3.5 25 2396.188
baffle wall 0.2 20 3 25 300
 Soil Fill 283 2.65 18 13499.1
31761.79

Pressure due to water uplift 26.49 KN/m2

Pressure due to down ward load 26.65 KN/m2 Hence safe