SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

OF
BAGABAG, NUEVA VIZCAYA

LOVELY G. GALLO
Researcher

Engr. Candido Joseph T. Rosario Jr.

Instructor

ABSTRACT
 Solid Waste Management is a system or process for the protection of the environment

and the health of the people in a community. The study recommends alternative solutions or

methods to be used in the management of solid waste disposal and. To connect or apply the

recommended methods and solutions, the data and information based on the collected wastes

must be known and the state or situation of the final disposal location should be visited and

observed. Having the data available and determined the current situation of the solid waste

management process and operation, the study suggests and proposes the final disposal location of

the wastes to be more organized and planned well.

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION
 A law that was approved in the Philippines in relation to the unavoidable garbage

problems is called “Republic Act (RA) 9003” or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of

2000. It was crafted because of waste mismanagement that has an effect to the environment. It

declares the policy in utilizing a systematic and ecologicl solid waste management program that

ensure the proper segregation, collection, transport, and disposal of soild waste and to guaranty

the public health and environment.

Solid waste management or waste disposal involve all activities necessary in managing

wastes from its collection to dispoal. Activites like collecting, transporting, regulating, and

casting away of wastes. It comprises all types of waste from households, industrial, agricultural,

and health care waste.

The Municipality of Bagabag is a second-class municipality in the province of Nueva

Vizcaya. It has a population of 35,501 people according to the 2015 census. The municipality is

considered as the gateway to the world-famous Banaue Rice Terraces and considered as the

pineapple region of Nueva Vizcaya.

Bagabag is 19 kilometers north of its provinvial capitol, Bayombong and 291 kilometers

north of Manila. Located in the northeastern part of Nueva Vizcaya with a total land area of 260

square kilometers. The municipality is governed by a mayor, a vice mayor and eight-member

municipal councilors. It is politically subdivided into 17 barangays (Bakir, Baretbet, Careb,

Lantap, Murong, Nangalisan, Paniki, Pogonsino, San Geronimo, San Pedro, Santa Cruz, Santa

Lucia, Tuao North, Tuao South, Villa Coloma, Villa Quirino, Villaros).

The municipality has an existing Sanitary Landfill which is located at Sitio Tapaya,

Barangay Baretbet, Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya. The landfill is far from the national highway and

residential houses.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

- To study the process of solid waste management of the municipality.

- To provide a more effective and economical methods to be used in managing wastes.

- To give a lengthy protection to the public health and environment.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study will be a significant offer in promoting proper waste disposal to the people of

the municipality of Bagabag. Knowing the proper process and operation of waste disposal in the

municipality will motivate and inspire the readers to improve and act right in disposing of their

wastes.

This study will also be advantageous to the future researchers who will be conducting a

research related to this and to the readers who may be doing the proper waste disposal in their

community.

To complete the researcher’s prerequisite in Sanitary Engineering subject and to connect

the knowledge learned in the said subject.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The researcher focused on the gathering and determination of informations and data

about the agency’s management of solid waste on their municipality and on making a technical

report about the process from the collection of garbage through the sources of wastes like

household up to the final disposal in Sanitary Landfill.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

o Cell is tge area of the landfill that has been constructed for the disposal of mwaste.

o Lagoon is the land which have been a part of the treatment and disposal of wastewater.
 o Landfill a final control measure of waste disposal in land.

o Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) or Materials Reclamation Facility that process the

recyclable materials to sell to manufacturers as raw materials for new products.

o Sanitary Landfill is a type of landfill to ensure the wastes to be safe by reducing harm

from the collected wastes and allowing safe decomposition.

o Sedimentation Pond/Basin collects wastewater from treatment cell

o Solid Waste Management is the activities and actions necessary to manage waste to its

inception to its final disposal.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter contains both local and foreign studies and investigations that have already

been conducted and investigated to which the present study is related.

RELATED LITERATURE

According to Jerie and Tevera (2014), large amounts of waste are generated indicating

poor material efficiency in the enterprises. They mentioned that to reduce the waste generation in

the informal sector of Gweru, there is need to control the activities undertaken. They also added

that urban solid waste management is one of the most serious environmental problems.

Hazra et al (2019), said that human civilization is on the verge of generating a huge

amount of solid waste that can give a harmful effect on the environment and human health. He

mentioned a very popular expression which is the “Prevention is better than cure” but this can

only be achievable by proper management of solid waste.

RELATED STUDIES
 Schaub and Bertrand (2018), analyzed solid waste management using Nexus perspective

and they said that solid waste can be transformed into energy and water resources. They

proposed 4 concept process stages that can be a part of waste treatment and from that proposed

stages, it was assumed that recyclable substances are already segregated at household level.

Mishra et al (2014) defines solid waste as the useless, unwanted, and discarded material

and a discipline associated with the control of generation, transfer and disposal of waste. It was

also mentioned here that public awareness and public participation as important for the effective

implementation of the provisions.

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT

The municipality of Bagabag located at Barangay San Geronimo, where I gathered the

data and informations from the personnel who assisted me in the Municipal Environment and

Natural Resources Office (MENRO). The municipall hall is far from the existing Sanitary

Landfill of the municipality that is located at Sitio Tapaya, Barangay Baretbet.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

This study utilized the descriptive formal interview method. The answers from the

interviewed personnel, Engr. Aileen S. Pantaleon the Municipal Environment and Natural

Resources officer will be used in completing this study by interpreting and analyzing the data

gathered.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

 Having a proper waste disposal management in a community reflects how effective the

personnel who are leading the system or program is.

The municipality implemented a policy which is the “No Segregation, No collection

policy.” Garbage are being collected from the different sources of wastes like households, food

establishments, industries etc. Garbage from different sources and different locations are not

collected all at once in a day, the municipality follows a garbage collection calendar. After being

collected, the garbage will be transported or transferred to the sanitary landfill of the

municipality which is the dumpsite of the wastes that were collected. But before dumping the

waste, the truck that was being used to collect the waste will be weighed first or the garbage will

be weighed separately to get the volume for the data or inventory in the solid waste management

of the municipality.

DATA ANALYSIS

The information accumulated from the interview to the personnel in charge in the solid

waste management of the municipality was transferred and discussed in this study. Then the data

generated from the waste disposal that was gathered were interpreted, analyzed, and tabulated to

show the results

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

GNERATED SOLID WASTE

Table 1: Waste Generation by Sector

Source: Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO)

SECTOR kg/day tons/year %

Households 10,210.60 3,726.87 30,415.85
Food establishment 81.26 29.66 242.06
General Stores 926.30 338.10 2,759.31
Institutions 81.02 29.57 241.35
Public Market 874.67 319.25 2,605.51
Recreation 3.35 1.22 9.98
Service Centers 50.02 18.26 149.00
Special Waste Generators 11.95 4.36 35.60
Industries 33.57 12.25 100.00
Slaughterhouse 52.05 19.00 155.05
TOTAL 12,324.79 4,498.55

Table 1 shows the wastes produced from the different sources of wastes in the

municipality. The Household has the largest percentage of waste produced because of the large

number of the people producing waste. And the Recreation and Special Waste Generators are the

two sources which have the least percentage of waste produced, it means that few only gives

waste in this source.

Table 2: Waste Generation by Classification

Source: Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO)

Generation %
CLASSIFICATION
kg/day tons/year
Biodegradable 7,310.20 2,668.22 21,775.99
Recyclable 2,665.52 972.91 7,940.18
Residual for recycling 223.89 81.72 666.93
Residual for disposal 2,015.00 735.48 6,002.39
Special 110.18 40.22 328.21
TOTAL 12,324.79 4,498.55 36,713.7
POPULATION 36,524

In table 2, biodegradable has the largest number of wastes collected among the other

classifications of waste generated with 7,310.20 kg/day. This table shows that even if it is

already a waste, there are still things or wastes that can be used by people as if it’s a new product

or contribution to the environment.

 Table 3: Schedule of garbage collection in the municipality
Source: Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO)
GARBAGE COLLECTION CALENDAR
MORNING AFTERNOON
DAY BARANG EQUIPME BARANGA
EQUIPMENT
AY NT Y
San
Compactor 1 Geronimo, Compactor 1 Public Market Residuals only
LGU
Pogonsino,
MONDAY New Compactor
Tuao North
Compactor 2 Public Market
Biodegradables
and Tuao only
South
Public
Mini Dump truck
Market
San Pedro,
LGU, San
Bagabag
Compactor 1 Pedro, Public Compactor 1 Residuals only
National High
Market
School
Careb,
TUESDAY New
New Compactor SMC Murong, Sta. Residuals only
Compactor
Cruz
Compactor 2 Poblacion Biodegradable
Public Biodegradabl
Mini Dump truck Biodegradable
market e
Villa New
Compactor 1 Public Market Residuals only
Coloma Compactor
Villaros,
Mini Dump Biodegradables
WEDNESDAY New Compactor Baretbet,
truck
Public Market
only
Junction
Public
Mini Dump truck
Market
LGU,
Compactor 1 Quirino, Compactor 1 Quirino
Junction
New
THURSDAY New Compactor Sta. Lucia
Compactor
lantap
Poblacion,
Mini Dump truck Public Biodegradable
Market
LGU,
New
Compactor 1 Junction, Public Market Residuals only
Compactor
Baretbet
FRIDAY New Compactor
Bakir,
Compactor 2 Public Market
Biodegradables
Nangalisan only
Public
Compactor 2
Market
Public
Market, Segregated
SATURDAY Compactor 2
Gymnasium, Collection
Junction
Public
Market, Segregated
SUNDAY Compactor 1
Gymnasium, Collection
Junction

The garbage collection calendar of the municipalty is organized and well planned and

they really follow their policy which is the No Segregation, No collection.

Table 4: Inventory of SWM Personnel

Source: Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO)
 Item/Position No. of Status of Job Description
Personnel Appointment
Overall in-charge in the
implementation of
MENRO 1 Permanent
Municipal SWM Programs
and other environmental
related laws
Admin Staff 1 Job Order Clerical works/messenger
Municipal Park
3 Job Order Park Maintenance workers
Maintenance
In-charge on the cleanliness
Sweepers/Utility 4 Job Order of LGU compound, streets
and Municipal Gymnasium
Public Market
3 Job Order Janitorial Services
SWM-Aide
Deputized as enforcers on
SWM Enforcers 2 Job Order
SWM related ordinances
Collect segregated wastes in
Garbage Collectors 6 Job Order
the collection area
Drivers of collection
Drivers 3 Job Order vehicles and transport solid
wastes to the disposal site
Overall in-charge of the
SLF Aide 1 Job Order
Sanitary Landfill
In-charge of the heavy
Heavy Equipment
1 Job Order equipment used in dozing of
Operator
residuals at the SLF

Table 6: Inventory of SWM Equipment

Source: Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO)
EQUIPMENT NUMBER CAPACITY CONDITION
3
Compactor 1 3m Serviceable
Compactor 1 6 m3 Serviceable
New Compactor 1 6 m3 Serviceable
Mini Dump truck 1 6 m3 Serviceable
Backhoe 1 Serviceable
Pay loader 1 Serviceable
Grader 2 Serviceable

Table 7: Programs/activities conducted to improve waste management of Bagabag

Source: Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO)

PERSONNEL
TITLE DATE VENUE
ATTENDED
Municipal SWM Municipal/Barangay August 31-September SB Hall, Bagabag,
Enforcers’ Training Enforcers 31, 2018 Nueva Vizcaya
SWM Ten Year Plan MENRO, MENRO- March 2019 Bayombong, Nueva
Enhancement and MPDO Staff Vizcaya
Updating
SWM Ten Year MENRO April 2019 Tuguegarao City
Planning Workshop
SWM Coach Planning MENRO, MSWMB-TWG May 2019 Tuguegarao City
SWM plan Finalization MENRO, MPDO-staff October 28-31, 2019 Tuguegarao City

Table 8: IEC (Information, Education and Communication) Activities

Source: Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office (MENRO)

A. Public address (at Bagabag Public
Market)
B. Monitoring of Enforcers on the
implementation of SWM-related
ordinances
-Posting of IEC materials to conspicuous places
-Billboards at the public market (wet section)
-Monitoring of SWM enforcers on plastic
ordinance. Use of alternative container for “tingi”
products instead of biodegradable plastics.
Biodegradable plastics are regulated on vegetable
sections. Use of paper as packaging is being
initiated.
-Collection of residuals
-Collection of biodegradables
-Barangay Tuao North use of pet bottles as
decorations/markers
-Used tires for garden pots and decorative materials

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY

Solid Waste Management is important in any municipality. It refers to the range of

garbage materials from animal or human activities that are thrown or discarded. It reduces and

eliminates adverse effects of waste materials on human health and environment for the economic

development.

This study shows that the municipality follows ordinances on the process of the disposal

of waste, but the municipality still lacks effort on the management and facilities on their landfill.

CONCLUSION

Solid waste is a serious threat to the human health and environment because it possesses

characteristics which make it quite dangerous to the environment and affect human health.
Therefore, it is necessary to be more responsible about the disposal of waste and develop

effective methods of the disposal of waste to reduce the negative effects on human health and

environment.

RECOMMENDATION

Based on the data gathered, obsevations and informations from the interview conducted,

the researcher recommends to be more strict about the segregation and the disposal of waste

because there were still people who burn their garbage at their compounds which it can affect the

environment. The sanitary landfill of the municipality should be more organized, properly built

and add more facilities that can avoid the destruction of the environment.

DOCUMENTATIONS

Entrance gate of the

sanitary landfil

Road sign going to

the sanitary landfill

MRF for recyclables Access road going to sanitary

landfill dumpsite
Soil used to cover the
cells
 Wastewater pipe

Sedimentation Pond Sedimentation Pond

Lagoon Lagoon
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Bell, J. M. (n.d.). Sanitary Landfill Method of Solid Waste Disposal. Purdue

University.

Jeriw, S. & Tevera D. (2014, November 25). Solid Waste Management Practices
in the Informal Sector of Gweru, Zimbabwe, Volume 2014.

Kgathi, D. L. & Bolaane, B. (2001, August 1). Instruments for Sustainable Solid
Waste Management in Botswana.

Martin, S. & Bertrand, J. (2018). Waste Management in Laguna Province,

Philippines. Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbit (GIZ) GmbH.

Mishra, A. R., Mishra, S. A., & Tiwarf, A. V. (2014). Soid Waste Management-
Case Study. PRMITR, Badnera, Maharashtra, India.

Republic Act No. 9003. (2001, January 26)