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शब्द मुद्रा Shabd Mudra
शब्द मुद्रा Shabd Mudra
श मु ा
िकसी भी भाषा का अ यन करते समय हमारी थम भट उस भाषा के श से होती है। श ान के
िबना िकसी भाषा को आ हण करना संभव नह है। श को भी माना जाता है। क पहचान
खले है। हर फूल का सुगंध हम आक षत करता है। ा हम सफ गुलाब के सहारे हमारा घर सजा
सकते है? ई वर को भी हम हार पहनाते है जो अनेक फूल को िपरोकर बनाया जाता है।
श के मूल ोत तक जाना चािहए। िव व के अनेक भाषाओं क समृ ध श के पयटन से सफल
ई है। श पयटन मानव क ज ासा, आ थक उ त, मह क ा, ाथ , धम,कम भावना से आसान
आ है।
श मु ा से भाषा स ई है। िव व म मु ा का चलन बढ़ा तो श मु ा क मह ा भी बढ़ गई। श
(संकलन)
बीएसएनएल
अहमदनगर, महारा
vpnagarkar@gmail.com
09657774990
09422726400
***********************************
*'गणप त बा ा मोरया'*
गणप त बा ा के बाद ' गणेश भ मोरया' का नाम जुड़ गया है। भगवान के नाम साथ उनके महान
गोसावी का ज पुण े के पास मोरग व म आ था। इ ने मोरग व म ही तप ा करके मोरे वर (अथ त
मोरया गोसावी के पु चताम ण को भी गणेश का अवतार माना जाता है। आगे जाकर मोरया गोसावी
ने संजीवन समा ध हण क ... चचवड म आज भी मोरया गोसावी क समा ध एवं उनके ारा थािपत
गणेश मंिदर, भ का मुख आकषण है। संत मोरया गोसावी, संत एकनाथ के समकालीन थे...
ऐसे ही महान एवं परम गणेश भ क अदभुत भि -समपण एवं तप ा के कारण उनका नाम
मोरया"...
(अ जत वडनेरकर)
िहता
*िट ी*
हराम
सन 1630 के दशक म म पूव दे श म एक घर का िह ा जो मिहलाओं के लए आर त रखा जाता
"प य और रखे लय के लए िवशेष नारी क या "िनिष ध या सुर त े जह मिहलाओं को
हरम- ट को सन 1911 म फैशन म पेश िकया गया था। हरम पट सन 1921 से फैशन म च लत ई।
र ा
人 Jin = human
力 Riki = power or force
車 Sha = vehicle
अ सम तर श -
relish, chutney, chow chow, piccalilli, sauerkraut
from 'chaṭnī', چٹﻧﯽ,चटनी, ultimately derived from full-infinitive word 'chāṭnā', ﭼﺎٹﻧﺎ,चाटना,
meaning 'to lick'.
*अगरब ी*
English word- 'agarbatti'
ऐल
चुड़ैल
The idea is- चड़
ु ल
ै cuṛail has a long topknot (coṭī चोट ) through which they can be controlled.
Remember the bizarre episodes of braid chopping in Delhi in 2017.
Interestingly Hindi चड़ ू ा cūṛā (topknot), Punjabi cūḍā (knot of hair); Bengali চু ল cul (hair of
head) etc. are related to Sanskrit cūḍā चड ू ा {as in cūḍākaraṇa चड
ू ाकरण (ceremony of tonsure)}
which is ultimately related to a Dravidian source.
अजु न
बंध
band, bandage
Skt. bandh बंध — "bind around"
वष
फुहार = drizzle
क
ँ ू ड़भराऊ = when all the ditches and pits filled with rain water.
वृि
बा रश
वष
मह
झ
ं झावात
*पालक *
#English palanquin
#Portuguese palanquim
#Malay palangki
derive from
#Sanskrit प य क palyaṅka
for bed, couch.
In Marathi 'पल
ं ग' क खोज*
पथ
Path (English)
- गोणी
मराठ श - गोणपाट
अ
ं ज
े ी श - गनी बैग
Gunny Bag (a bag made of coarse material used chiefly for sacking and made from the
fibres of jute) in #English is a borrowing from #Hindi goṇī गोणी (bag) from Sanskrit goṇī गोणी
from Dravidian kōṇi (jute bag).
*बंदा*
Similar words also exist in central asian languages like Kazakh & Azerbaijani, and in some
dialects of #Arabic.
Persian “kaghaz” likely comes from an old #Chinese word “gu zhi” for paper. (Paper was first
invented in China and later introduced to other parts of the world.)
लोक
"पागल"
Puggle , (exhausted, frustrated) is a Scottish 🏴 language word which has its origin in #Hindi
pāgal (mad, silly). Scottish language received this word through English army slang puggled,
(=very drunk).
The word pāgal पागल in Hindi is related to #Sanskrit pāgala पागल (√पा (र ा)+ि वप ्, पा√गल ्
( ख लत होना)+अच ्) i.e. one who is unable to defend.
च र
इलायची
#Hindi #Urdu इलायची اﻻﺋﭽﯽilāyacī (cardamom) comes from Proto-Dravidian word *ēl (i.e.
cardamom) via #Pali / Sanskrit word ēlā एला. Compare the words for Cardamom seed in
Tamil ஏல கா ēlakkāy, Kannada ಾಲ (yālakki), Tulu ಏಲ (ēlakki), & Malayalam
ഏല രി ēlatt-ari
*अलग*
*साबु न*
Marathi 'साबन'
French savon
Spanish jabón
soap
come from
#Latin sāpō (soap).
च
अ रे ा
अ रे ा से बना -Ambarella
through Sinhalese: ඇඹර ලා æmbarællā ultimately from Sanskrit: अ बरे ला, a kind of tree.
शू
English *zero*
comes from
#Latin
*zephirum*,
from#Arabic
*sifr* ﺻﻔﺮfor void,
(a translation of #Sanskrit shunya *शू *
for void).
अ से श बना-Axis
Sanskrit rañg र ग
Bengali rong রঙ
Turkish renk
for “color”
originate from the
same root.
*भ
ं ते *
भंते comes from भदंते । I would like to learn how ब ु came from ाता ? Also, if Persian
सं ृ त ’शकरा ’ से
ल
ॅ िटन- succarum
अ
ं ज
े ी - sugar.
मराठ - साखर
तिमल – स रै
शतरंज
से उ ह
।ै
मानसून श
अ
रबी mawsim “ ﻣﻮﺳﻢseason.” से उ ह।ै
*जनता*
ऑ फ़ोड श ोकोश के अनुसार 'junta' का अथ सै बल या राजीनी तक पाट ारा बलपूवक स ा
हा सल करना है।
Origin
Early 17th century (in junta (sense 2)): from Spanish and Portuguese, from Latin juncta,
जनाः प ेग ि य |
|
*गरबा*
गरबा श क उ सं ृ त 'गभ दीप ' से ई है। कुछ लोग इसे तिमल श 'कुरवै' (Kurvai ) मानते है।
संबंध रखती है, जसने 'कुरवै-कु ू ' (Kurvai Kutthu)नृ गुजरात लेकर आयी थी, जसे गरबा कहते है।
िमराज Mirage
आज हमारे मीिडया म राफेल/रफेल/रफ़ल िवमान क चच है उस नाम का उ ारण ससी म
जीभ, ज ा
ऋ वेद म अि क सात ज ाए
ँ बता गई ह - काली ,कराली ,मनोजवा, लोिहता, धू पण , ु लिगनी
और िव व पी।
मराठ म 'असतो'
From proto Indo-Iranian Hásti (to be ) > Old Persian astiy > Persian ( اﺳﺖast); Sanskrit अ
(ásti)> Ardhamagadhi Prakrit & Shaurseni Prakrit अ (atthi). Also Sinhala æti
Also German „ist“ and Latin „est“, still used in French „il est“
यह श अनेक दे श म पाया जाता है।
ist
est
esta
está
este
jest
есть (yest)
etc.
* हदी*
संबि त’। यह श मूलतः ईरानी लोग के सध दे श म आगमन पर चलन म आया। वृहद भारत को
सधु नदी के िकनारे बसा होने के कारण पहले सध कहा जाता था। चूंिक ईरानी ‘स’ को ‘ह’ बोलते ह,
'अफगािन ान'
गया था।
(िविकपीिडया)
ा “ना” और “न” म कोई अ र है?
न और ना दोन िनषेध सूचक अ य। ना का योग ायः बोलचाल म अ धक, लखने म न का।
अरबी-फ़ारसी से आए loaned श म फ़ारसी उपसग ना - नापसंद,नालायक। तिकया कलाम catch
word के प म भी ना का योग िकया जाता है। न/ना संकेतक question tag भी है, "आओगे न?"
*देवलाली श *
अ
ं ज
े ी श ' Doolally ' '' (अ थायी प से िव या पागल) 19 व सदी के उ राध म भारतीय सेना
क खचड़ी भाषा (slang) गा लय से बना है, जो 'दे वलाली ' (महारा थत एक शहर, भारत का एक
ॉ 'doolally tap'' (= कप फ वर) मूल प से दे वलाली के जट कै म ि िटश सैिनक ारा
बनाया गया था, जो अपनी सेना क घर वापसी का इंतजार कर रहे थे। अपने रे जमट म अपना समय
िदया।
ि िटश राज के दौरान शिवर का उपयोग जारी रहा। इसम नए तैनात सैिनक को दे श के िव भ भाग म
पँ चाया और उ छु ी के िदन ि टेन ले जाने के लए जहाज क ती ारत सैिनक क जट कै
रहा।
*काय झाला*
माइ ोसॉ के सोशल अ का नाम है - 'Kaizala' जो ा सए क तरह योग म लाया जाता है।
जु गाड़ (Jugaad)
अ े ी और जमन िड
ं ज न रय के मुतािबक जुगाड़ या जुगार का मतलब है ब त ही कम खच म िकसी
सम ा का हल खोजने का मौ लक तरीका.
अवतार (Avatar)
सं ृ त के इस श को जे कैमरन क िफ अवतार से खासी पहचान िमली. अब अवतार श
अ
ं ज
े ी म भी शािमल हो चुका है.
गु (Guru)
टीचर श म वह भाव नह आता जो गु म आता है, यही वजह है िक इस श ने भी अ े ी म अपनी
ं ज
जगह बनाई. अ
ं ज
े ी म भी गु का मतलब गु ही है.
पंिडत (Pundit)
चाय (Chai)
भारत म पी जाने वाली चाय, टी िब ु ल नह ह. उसम ध, अदरक, मसाला और गजब का ाद भी
होता है. इसी लए चाय श ने भी िड नरी म जगह बनाई. आज िनया भर के कैफे म चाय लाटे भी
कम (Karma)
सं ृ त का कम श अ े ी म कम के प म हण िकया गया. धीरे धीरे इस श को िनया भर क
ं ज
है ान के लए दोहराया जाने वाले सू . अ े ी म भी इसका मतलब यही है. लेिकन अब इसे खास
ं ज
फॉमूले के लये भी इ म
े ाल िकया जाता है, जैसे सफलता का मं .
िपजामाज (Pyjamas)
आरामदायक पैजामा प चम म िपजामाज नाम से जाना जाता है. 1970 के दशक के िह ी आंदोलन ने
इस िनया भर म मश र िकया.
ठग (Thug)
इस श ने अ
ं ज
े ी म अपनी जगह बनाई. इंटरनेट युग म तो ठग श को बदास माना जाने लगा है.
मोगल (Mogul)
िनव णा (Nirvana)
"अरे यार" श ने ऑ फोड िड नरी म जगह बनाई है. अ े ी म इसका मतलब है, अरे दो
ं ज या तुम
चूड़ीदार श को अ
ं ज
े ी म चूरीदार के प म लया गया है. इसे 2015 म अ
ं ज
े ी म शािमल िकया गया.
नमक न
नमक न का इ े ाल िह ी म भी समान प से िकया जाता है, जबिक िमच-मसाला का ापक योग
म
मसाल के पाउडर अथवा िम ण के लए होता है हाल िक िह ी म िमच और कालीिमच दो
अलग-अलग मसाले ह, इसम िमच श िह ी से लया गया है, जबिक मसाला उ भाषा से आया है।
िट ा-मसाला
का मसालेदार टु कड़ा होता है, लेिकन अब यह श ि टेन के द ण भारतीय रे म भी पय प से
दादािगरी
म यु होता है, लेिकन इसके साथ िगरी जोड़ दे न े से यह गुंडा या िगरोह के सरगना का अथ िनत
करता है।
अ ा
हदी म अ ा बताने वाला श है, इसे नये शािमल िकए गए अ ा उ श का अथ आ चय अथवा
अ ा
मतलब उस मु ा से है, जो िकसी समय भारत और पािक ान म व -ु िविनयम के लए चलन म थी।
Bangle ब गड़ी
from bāngṛī बांगड़ी, a type of bracelet.
Blighty िवलायती
"Britain" (as a term of endearment among British troops stationed in Colonial India): from
Hindi-Urdu vilāyatī (िवलायती, " )وﻻﯾﺘﻰforeign", ultimately from Arabo-Persian " وﻻﯾﺘﻲprovincial,
regional".
Bungalow बंगला
from बंगला banglA and Urdu ﺑﻨﮕﻞﮦbanglA, literally, "(house) in the Bengal style".
Charpoy चारपाई
from 'chār', ﭼﺎر, चार, meaning 'four' and 'pāī', पाई, meaning 'foot'.
Cheetah चीता
Chutney चटनी
from 'chaṭnī', چٹﻧﯽ,चटनी, ultimately derived from full-infinitive word 'chāṭnā', ﭼﺎٹﻧﺎ,चाटना,
meaning 'to lick'.
Cot खाट
from khāṭ, खाट, a bed.
Chowkat चौकट
Cummerbund कमरबंद
from kamarband , cf. कमरब - originally from Persian ﮐﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ, meaning "waist binding"
[ultimately from Persian ]ﮐﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ
Cushy
ु ी - originally from Persian " ﺧﻮﺷﯽeasy, happy, soft"
probably from khushi, cf. Hindi ख़श
[ultimately from Persian]; but some sources prefer an origin from "cushion"
Dacoit डकैत
from Daku, meaning a member of a class of criminals who engage in organized robbery and
murder. Hence also dacoity (banditry)
Dekko दे खो
साला and Urdu ﮔﺮم ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢgaram masālā, literally "hot ( = spicy) mixture",
from Hindi गरम म
from Persian ﮔﺮمgarm 'warm, hot' and Arabic ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢmaṣāliḥ 'benefits, requirements,
ingredients'.
Gavial घिड़याल
from Hindi ghaṛiyāl, घ ड़याल, ultimately derived from the Sanskrit word घि टक.
Guru गु
from Hindi guru "teacher, priest," from Sanskrit गु guru "one to be honored, teacher,"
modification of Sanskrit jagannaath, from Jagannath (Puri), [India], where such cloth was
first made.
Jodhpurs जोधपु री
Full-length trousers, worn for horseback riding, that are close-fitting below the knee and have
reinforced patches on the inside of the leg. Named after Jodhpur, where similar garments
are worn by Indian men as part of everyday dress.
Juggernaut जग ाथ
from ﺟﻨﮕﻞज
ं गल jangal of Persian origin, another word for wilderness or forest, which was
Khaki खाक
from ख़
ाक khākī "of dust colour, dusty, grey", cf. Hindi ख़
ाक - Urdu [ ﺧﺎﮐﯽultimately from
Persian].
Karma कम
from Sanskrit, the result of a person's actions as well as the actions themselves. It is a term
about the cycle of cause and effect.
Loot लू ट
Multan मु ानी
Mogul मु ग़ल
from Hindi and Urdu: An acknowledged leader in a field, from the Mughal rulers of India like
Akbar and Shah Jahan, the builder of the Taj Mahal.
Maharaja
from Hindi and Sanskrit: A king.
Mantra
from Hindi and Sanskrit: a word or phrase used in meditation.
Nirvana िनव ण
(in Jainism Hinduism and Buddhism) a transcendent state in which there is neither suffering,
desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle
of death and rebirth. It represents the final goal of Jainism Hinduism and Buddhism.
Pashmina प मीना
Punch प च
from Hindi and Urdu panch ﭘﺎﻧﭻ, meaning "five". The drink was originally made with five
ingredients: alcohol, sugar, lemon, water, and tea or spices. The original drink was named
paantsch.
Pundit पंिडत
Pukka प ा
Pyjamas पै जामा
from Hindi and Urdu, प ै ामा (paijaamaa), meaning "leg garment", coined from Persian ﭘﺎى
ज
"foot, leg" and " ﺟﺎﻣﻪgarment"
Raita रायता
from Hindi and Urdu र ायता رﯾﺘﺎrayta. yogurt based dish, some add sliced/chopped/diced,
cucumbers, onions, tomatoes, pineapples, pomegranate or other salads to complement rice
or roti meals.
Roti रोटी
from Hindi and Urdu र ॊटी روٹیroti "bread"; akin to Prakrit र ॊ rotta "rice flour", Sanskrit
Shampoo च ी
Derived from Hindustani chāmpo (चाँपो [tʃãːpoː]) (verb imperative, meaning "rub!"), dating to
1762.
Teapoy तपाई
from charpoy चारपाई, ﭨﮫگTeen payi in Hindi-Urdu,meaning "three legged" or "coffee table".
Thug ठग
from Thagi ठ
ग, ﭨﮫگThag in Hindi-Urdu,meaning "thief or con man".
Tickety-boo ठ क है बाबू
possibly from Hindi ठ क है , बाबू (ṭhīk hai, bābū), meaning "it's all right, sir"
Typhoon तू फ़ान
Yaar यार
From Hindi In the dictionary, the colloquial Indian word, yaar, has been defined as a noun to
refer to a ‘familiar form of address: friend, mate’. It is originally a loanword from Persian
"Yaar/ "ﯾﺎرin both Hindi and Urdu. According to research, yaar was first spotted in English
usage in the year 1963.
Ambarella अ रे ा
through Sinhala: ඇඹර ලා æmbarællā ultimately from Sanskrit: अ बरे ला, a kind of tree.
Aniline नीली
through German: Anilin, French: Aniline and Portuguese: Anil from Arabic اﻟﻨﯿﻞal-nili and
Persian ﻧﯿﻼnila, ultimately from Sanskrit नीली nili.
Aryan आय
from Latin Ariana, from Greek Ἀρεία Areia, ultimately from Sanskrit आय Arya-s "noble,
honorable".
Atoll अ ला
Aubergine वा तगगम
from French aubergine, in Catalan albergínia, via Arabic ( ﺑﺎ ِذ ْﻧﺠﺎنal-badinjan) and Persian (
ﺑﺎدﻧﺠﺎنbadin-gan) ultimately from Sanskrit व
ा तगगम vātigagama, meaning Eggplant or
Aubergine.
Avatar अवतार
from Sanskrit अवतार avatāra, which means "descent", an avatar refers to the human
incarnation of God during times of distress on earth. Thus, Krishna and Rāma were both
avatars of Vishnu, who also manifested himself as an avatar many other times, ten of which
are considered the most significant.
Banyan व णज
from Hindi baniyaa ultimately from Sanskrit व णज ् vaṇij, which means "a merchant".
Basmati बासमती
Bidi बीड़ी
Bhakti भि
from Sanskrit भि "bhakti", portion or more importantly, devotion.
Brinjal भ टाक
Buddha बु ध
from Sanskrit बु ध buddha, which means "awakened, enlightened", refers to Siddhartha
Gautama, founder of Buddhism. Also refers to one who is enlightened in accordance with
Candy ख ड
Middle English candi, crystallized cane sugar, short for sugre-candi, partial translation of Old
French sucre candi, ultimately from Arabic sukkar qandī : sukkar, sugar + qandī, consisting
of sugar lumps (from qand, lump of crystallized sugar, from an Indic source akin to Pali
kaṇḍa-, from Sanskrit khaṇḍakaḥ, from khaṇḍaḥ, piece, fragment, perhaps of Munda origin).
Cashmere क मीरी
1680s, "shawl made of cashmere wool," from the old spelling of Kashmir, Himalayan
kingdom where wool was obtained from long-haired goats.
Cheetah चता
Chintz च
Chukar चकोर
via Hindi चकोर cakor and Urdu ﭼﮑﻮرchukar ultimately from Sanskrit च
कोर cakorah.
Chukker
from Hindi च र and Urdu ﭼﮑﺮchakkar, from Sanskrit च cakra, "a circle, a wheel".
Citipati
from Sanskrit च त प त citi-pati, which means "a funeral pyre lord".
Cot खाट
from Hindi खाट khaat "a couch", which is from Sanskrit ख ा khatva.
Copra खोपरा
from Portuguese copra (16c.), from koppara (cognate with Hindi khopra) "coconut;" related
to Hindi khopri "skull," from Sanskrit kharparah "skull."
Cowrie कौड़ी
from Hindi कौड़ी kauri and Urdu ﮐﻤﺘﺪبkauri, from Marathi कवडइ kavadi, which is ultimately
Crimson कृिमज
from Old Spanish cremesin, via Medieval Latin cremesinus from Persian ﻗﺮﻣﺰqirmiz "a
kermes", which is ultimately from Sanskrit क
ृ िमज krmi-ja literally: "red dye produced by a
worm."
Crocus कु कुम
ं
from Greek κρόκος crocus, via Semitic languages (e.g. Hebrew כרכוםkarkōm, Aramaic
ܟܘܪܟܡܐkurkama, Persian ﻛﺮﻛﻢkurkum, which mean saffron or saffron yellow.); ultimately
from Sanskrit कु कुमं kunkumam.
Dhal दाल
through Hindi दाल dāl ultimately from Sanskrit दलह dalah, meaning cotyledon of a pea pod, a
type of Indian food; also refers to lentils.
Das दास
Datura धतू रा
through Latin and Hindi: धतरू ा dhatūra "jimson weed" ultimately from Sanskrit ध रु ह
dhattūrāh, a kind of flowering plant.
Deodar दे ओदार
through Hindi deodār ultimately from Sanskrit दे वदा devadāru, a kind of tree.
Deva दे व
from Sanskrit दे व deva, which means "a god", akin to Latin deus, "god".
Devi दे वी
Dharma धम
from Sanskrit: धम dharma; akin to Latin: firmus, meaning "conformity to one's duty and
Dhoti धोती
via Hindi dhotī (Hindi: धोती) ultimately from Sanskrit dhautī (Sanskrit: धौती) which means 'to
wash', a traditional male garment used in India. Material tied around the waist that covers
most of the legs.
Dinghy िद ी
from Hindi िद ी dingi "a tiny boat", probably from Sanskrit ोणम drona-m.
Dvandva ं द
Ganja ग जा
via Hindi गांजा (gaanja or "hemp"), ultimately from Sanskrit ग जा (gañjā or "hemp").
Gharry गाड़ी
via Hindi word gādī (Hindi: गाड़ी) which is ultimately derived from Sanskrit word garta
(Sanskrit: गत) which means 'chariot'.
Ginger ं ृगवे रा
from Old English gingifer, gingiber, from Late Latin gingiber, from Latin zingiberi, from Greek
zingiberis, from Prakrit (Middle Indic) singabera, from Sanskrit srngaveram, from srngam
"horn" + vera- "body", although, it may have derived instead from Tamil word "Inchi" (இ சி).
Gondwana गो ड
from two Sanskrit words, goṇḍa (Devanagari: गो ड) which means 'Gondi people or
mountaineers' and vana (Devanagari: वन) which means 'forest'.
Guar गार
through Hindi गार ultimately from Sanskrit गॊप ल gopālī, an annual legume.
Gunny गोनी
via Hindi ग
ोनी ultimately from Sanskrit ग
ोणी goni "sack".; from Persian " ﮔﻮﻧﯽGooni" a burlap
sack.
Gurkha गोरखा
via Nepalese गोख ultimately from Sanskrit गोर goraksa, "a cowherd".
Guru गु
via Hindi गु ultimately from Sanskrit गु guru-s, which means "a teacher".
Jackal गाल
from Turkish çakal, from Persian ﺷﻐﺎلshaghal, from Middle Indic shagal, ultimately from
Sanskrit गालः srgalah "the howler".
Jaggery शकरा
via Portuguese jágara, jagre and Malayalam ഛ ര chakkara, ultimately from Sanskrit
शकरा śarkarā.
Java याव ीप
originally a kind of coffee grown on Java and nearby islands of modern Indonesia. By early
20c. it meant coffee generally. The island name is shortened from Sanskrit Yavadvipa
"Island of Barley," from yava "barley" + dvipa "island."
Juggernaut जग ाथ
through Odia ଜଗନ୍ନାଥ Jagannatha ultimately from Sanskrit जग नाथ jagat-natha-s, which
means "lord of the world".
Jungle ज
ं गल
through Hindi jangal "a desert, forest"; also Persian ﺟﻨﮕﻞjangal meaning forest; ultimately
from Sanskrit ज गल jangala, which means "arid".
Jute जु तास
via Bengali পাট Pata ultimately from Sanskrit juta-s, which means "twisted hair".
Karma कम
Kedgeree कृशर
Kermes कृिमज
via French: Kermès, and Persian ﻗﺮﻣﺰqermez; perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit: कृिमज
kṛmija meaning "worm-made."
Krait करै त
through Hindi करैत karait probably ultimately from Sanskrit: काराइट, a kind of snake.
Lac लाख
through Urdu ﻻکھ, Persian ﻻکand Hindi लाख lakh from Prakrit ल lakkha, ultimately
Lacquer ला ा
through French: Laque and Portuguese: Laca from Arabic ﻟﻚlakk, via Prakrit ultimately from
Sanskrit ल
ा ा lākṣā.
Langur लू ट
through Hindi लट
ु lut probably ultimately from Sanskrit लंगल
ु म langūlam.
Lilac नील
via Arabic ﻟﻠﻚlilak from Persian ﻧﯿﻠﮏnilak meaning "bluish", ultimately from Sanskrit नील nila,
which means "dark blue".
Loot लू ट
ultimately from Sanskrit लु टा lota-m or लिू luṇṭhati meaning "he steals" through Hindi लट
ू
lūṭ, which means "a booty, stolen thing".
Maharajah महाराजा
through Hindi महाराजा ultimately from Sanskrit महा राजन ् maha-rājān, which means "a great
king".
Maharani महारानी
through Hindi महारानी finally from Sanskrit महा रानी mahārājnī, which means "consort of a
maharajah".
Maharishi मह ष
Mahayana महायान
Mahout मा त
via Hindi माहुत (variant of महावत) ultimately from Sanskrit महामा mahāmātrah.;
Mandala म डल
Mandarin म
via Portuguese mandarim, Dutch mandarijn, Malay mantri or menteri, and Hindi मं ी mantri
"a councillor" ultimately from Sanskrit मि न् mantri, which means "an advisor".
Mantra
from Sanskrit म mantra-s which means "a holy message or text".
Maya माया
Moksha मो
from Sanskrit मो moksha, liberation from the cycle of death and rebirth.
Mugger मगर
through Hindi मग
ु mū̃g and Pali/Prakrit मु ग mugga ultimately from Sanskrit मु द mudgah, a
kind of bean.
Musk मु स्
via Middle English muske, Middle French Musc, Late Latin Muscus and Late Greek μόσχος
moskhos from Persian ﻣﻮﺷﮏmushk, ultimately from Sanskrit म
ु स् muska-s meaning "a
Mynah मै ना
through Hindi मैना maina ultimately from Sanskrit मदन madana-s, which means "love".;
Nainsook नैनसु ख
Nard नलदम्
through Old French narde and Latin nardus from Greek νάρδος nardos, perhaps ultimately
from Sanskrit नलदम ् naladam.
Narghile ना रकेलः
Nark न
probably from Romany nak "a nose", via Hindi नक् nak ultimately from Sanskrit न nakra.
Neem नीम
Nilgai नीलगाय
through Hindi नीलगाय nīlgāy lit., blue cow ultimately from Sanskrit नीलगौः nīla-gauh, an
ox-like animal.
Nirvana िनव ण
through French opalle from Latin opalus from Greek ὀπάλλιος opallios, probably ultimately
from Sanskrit औपल upalah.
Orange नारंग
through Old French orenge, Medieval Latin orenge and Italian arancia from Arabic ﻧﺎرﻧﺞ
naranj, via Persian ﻧﺎرﻧﮓnarang and Sanskrit नार ग naranga-s meaning "an orange tree",
derived from proto-Dravidian.
Pal ाता
1788, from Romany (English Gypsy) pal "brother, comrade," variant of continental Romany
pral, plal, phral, probably from Sanskrit bhrata "brother"
Palanquin पल
ं ग
via Odia word pālankī (Odia:ପାଲଙ୍କ)ି which is ultimately derived from Sanskrit word palyanka
(Sanskrit: प य क) which means 'bed' or 'couch'.
Panther पा डर
via classical Latin panthēr, itself from the ancient Greek word pánthēr (πάνθηρ) which is
ultimately derived from Sanskrit पा डर pāṇḍara which means ("pale").[citation needed]
Parcheesi पचीसी
1800, from Hindi pachisi, from pachis "twenty-five" (highest throw of the dice), from Sanskrit
panca "five"
Pepper िपपली
Old English pipor, from an early West Germanic borrowing of Latin piper "pepper," from
Greek piperi, probably (via Persian) from Middle Indic pippari, from Sanskrit pippali "long
pepper."
Punch प
via Sanskrit pancha, meaning "five". The original drink was made from five ingredients:
alcohol, sugar, lemon, water, and tea or spices.
Pundit प डत
via Sanskrit पि डत paṇdita, meaning "learned". A person who offers to mass media their
opinion or commentary on a particular subject area.:
Raita रायता
ultimately from Sanskrit रिजक त तक rājikātiktakaḥ via Hindi रायता rāytā, a south Asian
condiment and side dish made of yogurt and vegetables.
Raj राज
through Hindi राज and Pali/Prakrit र ज rajja ultimately from Sanskrit रा य rājya, which means
"a king" or "kingdom." Raj means kingdom or domain of a ruler.
Rajah
through Hindi राज from Sanskrit राजन ् rājān, which means "a king".
Ramtil राम तल
through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit राम तलः rāmatilah, which means "a dark sesame".
Rani रानी
Rice अ रसी
via Old French ris and Italian riso from Latin oriza, which is from Greek ὄρυζα oryza, through
an Indo-Iranian tongue finally from Sanskrit ी हस ् vrihi-s "rice", ultimately derived from
proto-Dravidian arisi.
Rupee पी
through Hindi पया rupiyā ultimately from Sanskrit यकम ् rūpyakam, an Indian silver coin.
Saccharide स र
via Latin Saccharon and Greek σάκχαρον from Pali स खर sakkharā, ultimately from Sanskrit
शकरा sarkarā.
Sambal स ार
through Afrikaans, Indonesian and Tamil ச ப campāl ultimately from Sanskrit स बार
sambhārei.
Sambar स बर
through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit संभार śambarah, a kind of Asian deer.
Sandalwood चंदन
via Middle English sandell, Old French sandale, Medieval Latin sandalum, Medieval Greek
σανδάλιον sandalion (diminutive of σάνδαλον sandalon) and Arabic and Persian ;ﺻﻨﺪل
ultimately from Sanskrit च नम् candanam meaning "wood for burning incense".
Sapphire शिनि य
via Old French saphir, Latin sapphirus and Greek σάπφειρος sappheiros from a Semitic
tongue (c.f. Hebrew: ספירsapir); possibly the ultimate origin is Sanskrit शिनि य sanipriya
which literally means "sacred to Saturn (Shani)".
Sari साड़ी
through Hindi साड़ी sari and Prakrit सिद sadi, finally from Sanskrit षाटी sati "garment".
Shampoo च ी
via Anglo-Indian shampoo and Hindi च पो champo from Sanskrit चपय त capayati, which
means "kneads".
Shawl स ्
from Persian ﺷﺎلshal, finally from Sanskrit satI, which means "a strip of cloth".
via Malay Singapura ultimately from Sanskrit सहपुरं Simhapuram, literally "the lion city".
Sri Lanka ी ल
ं का
from Sanskrit: ी ल
ं का which means "venerable island." It is said that Shree or Lakshmi, the
Sugar शकरा
through Old French sucre, Italian zucchero, Medieval Latin succarum, Arabic: ﺳﻜﺮsukkar and
Persian: ﺷﮑﺮshakar ultimately from Sanskrit शकरा sharkara which means "ground or
candied sugar" (originally "grit" or "gravel").
Sunn सु
Swami ामी
through Hindi ामी swami ultimately from Sanskrit ामी svami, which means "a master".
Swastika क
from Sanskrit क svastika, which means "one associated with well-being, a lucky
charm" or Good, god fearing being. It is said to be the form of the Sun.
Taka त ह
Talipot तालप म्
through Hindi, Indonesian and Malay talipat from Sanskrit तालप म ् tālapatram, a kind of
palm.
Tank टाक
a word originally brought by the Portuguese from India, from a Hindi source, such as Gujarati
tankh "cistern, underground reservoir for water," Marathi tanken, or tanka "reservoir of water,
tank." Perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit tadaga-m "pond, lake pool," and reinforced in later
sense of "large artificial container for liquid"
Tendu तै क
ु
Til तल
Toddy तल
through Hindi तरी tari ultimately from Sanskrit तल tala-s, a Dravidian origin is also probable.
Toon तु न
through Hindi तन
ु tūn ultimately from Sanskrit तु न tunnah, a kind of tree.
Tope ूप
Tutty तु ं
through Middle English tutie, Old French, Medieval Latin tūtia, Arabic ﺗﻮﺗﻲtūtiyā, and Persian
ﺗﻮﺗﯿﺎultimately from Sanskrit त
ु ं tuttham meaning "blue vitriol", a Dravidian origin is also
probable.
Vina वीणा
ultimately from Sanskrit वीणा vīṇā through Hindi वीणा vīṇā, a kind of musical instrument.
Wanderoo वानर
through Sinhala: ව ෙඩරෑ vanḍerū finally from Sanskrit वानर vānarah, a kind of monkey.
Yoga योग
Yogi योगी
through Hindi योगी yogi from Sanskrit योिगन् yogin, one who practices yoga or ascetic.
Zen ान
through Japanese 禅 and Chinese 禪 Chán ultimately from Pali झन jhāna and Sanskrit यान
dhyana, which means "a meditation".
हंद म च लत पत
ु गाल श द
अचार, अग त, आल पन, आल,ू आया, अ नानास, इ पात, कन तर, कारबन, कमीज, कमरा, गमला, गोभी,
गोदाम, चाबी, तौि मत, नीलाम, पीपा, पादर , प तौल, फ ता, ब ता, बटन, बा ट , पपीता, याला, पतलन
ू ,
मेज, लबादा, संतरा, साबन
ु
हंद म च लत अरबी श द
अ सर from أﻛﺜﺮ
अजनबी from اﺟﻨﺒﻲ
अदब from أدب
अमीर from َأ ِﻣﯿﺮ
अज़ from ﻋﺮض
अलम from ﻋﻠﻢ
अ लाह from اﷲ
असल from اﺻﻞ
असल from أﺻﻠﻲ
आ ख़र from آﺧﺮ
आ ख़रत from اﻵﺧﺮة
आदाब from آداب
आ म from ﻋﺎم
आलम from ﻋﺎﻟﻢ
आ लम from ﻋﺎﻟﻢ
इंजील from إﻧﺠﯿﻞ
इक़रार from إﻗﺮار
इजाज़त from اﺟﺎزة
इनाम from إﻧﻌﺎم
इि तज़ार from اﻧﺘﻈﺎر
इबादत from ﻋﺒﺎدة
इमाम from إﻣﺎم
इलाज from ﻋﻼج
इ म from ﻋﻠﻢ
इ मी from ِﻋ ْﻠ ِﻤ ّﻲ
इ क़ from ﻋﺸﻖ
इ तेमाल from اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل
इ म from اﺳﻢ
इ लाम from اﺳﻼم
ईमान from اﯾﻤﺎن
ईसा from ﻋﯿﺴﻰ
ईसाई from ﻋﯿﺴﻰ
उक़ाब from ﻋﻘﺎب
उमर from ُﻋﻤْﺮ
क़ ल from ﻗﺘﻞ
क़दम from ﻗﺪم
क़ from ﻗﺒﺮ
क़र ब from ﻗﺮﯾﺐ
क़लम from ﻗﻠﻢ
क़सम from ﻗﺴﻢ
क़ा तल from ﻗﺎﺗﻞ
क़ाननू from ﻗﺎﻧﻮن
क़ुरान from اﻟﻘﺮآن
कताब from ﻛﺘﺎب
ख़बर from ﺧﺒﺮ
ख़राब from ﺧﺮاب
ख़ास from ﺧﺎص
ख़ैमा from ﺧﯿﻤﺔ
ग़र ब from ﻏﺮﯾﺐ
ग़लत from ﻏﻠﻂ
ग़लती from ﻏﻠﻂ
ग़ ु र from ﻏﺮور
जबल from ﺟﺒﻞ
जवाब from ﺟﻮاب
जह नम from ﺟﻬﻨﻢ
ज़ र from ﺿﺮ
िज़ मा from ذﻣﺔ
ज़ु म from ﻇﻠﻢ
ज़ैतन ू from زﯾﺘﻮن
िजहाद from ﺟﻬﺎد
जेब from ﺟﯿﺐ
तबला from ﻃﺒﻞ
त परू ा from ﻃﻨﺒﻮر
तरफ़ from ﻃﺮق
तौबा from ﺗﻮﺑﺔ
दफ़ा from دﻓﻌﺔ
दम from دم
दमाग़ from دﻣﺎغ
द न from دﯾﻦ
दआ ु from دﻋﺎء
द ु नया from دﻧﯿﺎ
न ज़ from ﻧﺒﺾ
नासरत from ﻧﺎﺻﺮة
नु ता from ﻧﻘﻄﺔ
फ़ज़ from ﻓﺮض
फ़ाइदा from ﻓﺎﺋﺪة
फ़ायदा from ﻓﺎﺋﺪة
फ़ासला from ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺔ
फ़ा सला from ﻓﺎﺻﻠﺔ
बदन from ﺑﺪن
बदल from ﺑﺪل
ब दक ू from ﺑﻨﺪﻗﯿﺔ
बलकुल from ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻞ
ब कुल from ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻞ
बख़ु ार from ﺑﺨﺎر
बैतलहम from ﺑﯿﺖ ﻟﺤﻢ
मअनी from ﻣﻌﻨﻰ
मज़बत ू from ﻣﻀﺒﻮط
मज़ाक़ from ﻣﺬاق
म सा from ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ
मरज़ from ﻣﺮض
मसीह from ﻣﺴﯿﺢ
मसीह from ﻣﺴﯿﺢ
मि जद from ﻣﺴﺠﺪ
मालम ू from ﻣﻌﻠﻮم
मअ ु ि ज़न from ﻣﺆذن
मअ ु लम from ُﻣﻌَﻠﱠﻢ
मअ ु ि लम from ُﻣﻌَﻠﱢﻢ
मब ु ारक from ﻣﺒﺎرك
मल ु ाक़ात from ﻣﻼﻗﺎة
मस ू ा from ﻣﻮﺳﻰ
मौत from ﻣﻮت
मौसम from ﻣﻮﺳﻢ
यतीम from ﯾﺘﯿﻢ
याक़ूत from ﯾﺎﻗﻮت
रब from رب
लसान from ﻟﺴﺎن
लग़ ु त from ﻟﻐﺔ
व त from وﻗﺖ
शराब from ﺷﺮاب
शत from ﺷﺮط
शु from ﺷﺮوع
शैतान from ﺷﯿﻄﺎن
शैतानी from ﺷﯿﻄﺎﻧﻲ
सनम from ﺻﻨﻢ
सबत ू from ﺛﺒﻮت
सलाम from ﺳﻼم
सल ब from ﺻﻠﯿﺐ
सहल from ﺳﻬﻞ
सब ु ह from ﺻﺒﺢ
सरू ा from ﺳﻮرة
ह ज from ﺣﺞ
हदफ़ from ﻫﺪف
हयात from ﺣﯿﺎة
हािजरा from ﻫﺎﺟﺮ
हकमत from ﺣﻜﻤﺔ
ह जे from ﻫﺠﺎء
हफ़ाज़त from ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺔ
हंद म च लत अं ेजी श द
आराम - व ाम, सख
ु , चैन, सग
ु मता
इ क़लाब- ाि त।
ग़जल - क वता।
जवान - यव
ु ा, कशोर।
हंद म च लत तक
ु श द
आका, उद,ू एलची, काब,ू खाँ, कची, काब,ू कुक , कलंगी, काल न, खंजर, खॉ, चाक, चक, चेचक, चग
ु ल,
चोगा, तमगा, तमाशा, तोप, बा द, बाबच , बीबी, बेगम, बहादरु , मग
ु ल, लाश।
हंद म च लत अ य वदे शी श द
(झ) डच से-
तु प, बम, च ड़या, ल।
र सा, सायोनारा।
लामा, डाँडी।
(ढ) सी से-
(त) यन
ू ानी से-