Machinery's Handbook 28th Edition 924 STANDARD TAPERS STANDARD TAPERS Standard Tapers Certain types of small tools and machine parts, such as twist drills, end mills, arbors, lathe centers, etc., are provided with taper shanks which fit into spindles or sockets of cor responding taper, thus providing not only accurate alignment between the tool or other part and its supporting member, but also more or less frictional resistance for driving the tool, There are several standards for “self-holding” tapers, but the American National, Morse, and the Brown & Sharpe are the standards most widely used by American manufacturers. The name self-holding has been applied to the smaller tapers—like the Morse and the Brown & Sharpe—because, where the angle of the taper is only 2 or 3 degrees, the shank of a tool is so firmly seated in its socket that there is considerable frictional resistance to any force tending to tum or rotate the tool relative to the socket. The term “self-holding” is used to distinguish relatively small tapers from the larger or self-releasing type. A milling machine spindle having a taper of 3% inches per foot is an example of a self-releasing taper. The included angle in this case is over 16 degrees and the tool or arbor requires a pos- itive locking device to prevent slipping, but the shank may be released or removed more readily than one having a smaller taper of the self-holding type. ‘Tapers for Machine Tool Spindles.— Various standard tapers have been used for the taper holes in the spindles of machine tools, such as drilling machines, lathes, milling machines, or other types requiring a taper hole for receiving either the shank of a cutter, an arbor, a center, ot any tool or accessory requiring a tapering seat. The Morse taper repre- sents a generally accepted standard for drilling machines. See more on this subject, Page 935. The headstock and tailstock spindles of lathes also have the Morse taper in most cases; but the Jamo, the Reed (which is the short Jamo), and the Brown & Sharpe have also been used. Milling machine spindles formerly had Brown & Sharpe tapers in most cases. In 1927, the milling machine manufacturers of the National Machine Tool Builders’ Association adopted a standard taper of 344inches per foot. This comparatively steep taper has the advantage of insuring instant release of arbors or adapters. National Machine Tool Builders’ Association Tapers Taper Number Large End Diameter | TaperNumber Large End Diameter 30 1% 50 EDA 40 1% 60 4% * Standard taper of 3/sinches per foot The British Standard for milling machine spindles is also 3% inches taper per foot and includes these large end diameters: 1% inches, 1%inches, 2%inches, and 344 inches. Morse Taper—Dimensions relating to Morse standard taper shanks and sockets may be found in an accompanying table. The taper for different numbers of Morse tapers is slightly different, but it is approximately % inch per foot in most cases. The table gives the actual tapers, accurate to five decimal places. Morse taper shanks are used on a variety of tools, and exclusively on the shanks of twist drills. Dimensions for Morse Stub Taper Shanks are given in Table 1a, and for Morse Standard Taper Shanks in Table 1b. Brown & Sharpe Taper.—This standard taper is used for taper shanks on tools such as end mills and reamers, the taper being approximately 4 inch per foot forall sizes except for taper No. 10, where the taper is 0.5161 inch per foot. Brown & Sharpe taper sockets are used for many arbors, collets, and machine tool spindles, especially milling machines and grinding machines. In many cases there are a number of different lengths of sockets corre- Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS 925 ‘Table 1a. Morse Stub Taper Shanks hy “fq i N IN N N aA WW i TAPER 12 PER FT > fossa foows: | osu | om frm fom fom | 2] SSE | pincer fone | TREE] tessa | wish | tng T Ye e % Ti 3 % %e %e 2 % M% Me M% Wh % Me %e 3 % % % 1% 1% 1% % % 4 % Wy Ys, MY 1 1%, hy 1% 3 Ke 1% 1% 16 1% 1g hy 1% All dimensions in Toker Radius Fis Ys, He Sas Ya and inc sespectvely for Nos. 1,2 3, 4, and S tapers ‘These ate basic dimensions ® These dimensions are calculated for reference onl sponding (o the same number of taper; all these tapers, however, are of the same diameter at the small end. Jarno Taper. —The Jamo taper was originally proposed by Oscar J. Beale of the Brown & Sharpe Mfg. Co. This taper is based on such simple formulas that practically no calcula- tions are required when the number of taper is known. The taper per foot of all Jarno taper sizes is 0.600 inch on the diameter. The diameter at the large end is as many eighths, the diameter at the small end is as many tenths, and the length as many half inches as are indi: cated by the number of the taper. For example, a No. 7 Jamo taper is inch in diameter at the large end; Yo, 0r 0.700 inch at the small end; and %, or 34, inches long; hence, diameter at large end = No. of taper + 8; diameter at small end = No. of taper + 10; length of taper = No. of taper + 2. The Jarno taper is used on various machine tools, especially profiling machines and die-sinking machines. It has also been used for the headstock and tailstock spindles of some lathes. American National Standard Machine Tapers: This standard includes a self-holding series (Tables 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7a) and a steep taper series, Table 6. The self-holding taper Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition 926 STANDARD TAPERS Table 1b. Morse Standard Taper Shanks 7 AH G ain | a S Ala | € A in H = 2 4 =p \ 4H 3 Ain | . A\A | 4ia|y 4 iA ° 7 ECU AZ WA ANGLE OF KEY, TAPER, 17S IN 2 Taal] Dinar Tima Enfot | “Eniot Dep woot | tiger | tape | “Ptor | Socket | Leng | Dep | oftioe Tarer_| perfoo | perinch | D n 2 3 a o 0.62460 0.05205, 0.252 0.3561 My My My 1 assess | oosss | 0369 | oars 7% | Me 2 0.59941, 0.04995 0872 0.700 3% My Py 3 sins | oosois | om | oone x | om | ox + | 062126 | oosies | 1020 BI me | oa fay 5 ossisi | oosaa | 1475 74s ou | os | 5% 6 | ovases | cosas | 216 | 2a9e % | 9% | 1% 3 ozs | ooso00 | 2750 | 32% | ux | um | 10% Poe “Tang or Tenge Rawr Reyway Depth [TREES] Tanger ra] Tempe] to End ? r ? k Dia w 7 K z a] —% % 035] re 1 2% ox | x he oss | ozs | y Ke Me 0.2500 Ys % 0.266 % ay Ke 0312s Ke % 0328 IK BY 4M 0.4687 % Me My 0.484 Mm 3% 5M 0.6250 % % 1% 0.656 My ay ™% 07500 1K % 2 0781 1% 7 10 11250 % % 2% uss | 2% | 9x Toeranres on ae of taper: all aes OOUE pet Toot THs TOerance way br applied on shanks only in Whe GreeOn that ineeases the rate of taper and on sockets only in he direction tha decreases the rae of tape. series consists of 22 sizes which are listed in Table 7a. The reference gage for the self-hold- ing tapers is a plug gage. Table 7b gives the dimensions and tolerances for both plug and ring gages applying to this series. Tables 2 through 5 inclusive give the dimensions for self- holding taper shanks and sockets which are classified as to (1) means of transmitting torque from spindle to the tool shank, and (2) means of retaining the shank in the socket. The steep machine tapers consist of a preferred series (bold-face type, Table 6) and an intermediate series (light-face type). A self-holding taper is defined as “a taper with an angle small enough to hold a shank in place ordinarily by friction without holding means, (Sometimes referred to as slow taper.)” A steep taper is defined as “a taper having an angle sufficiently large to insure the easy or self-releasing feature.” The term “gage line” indi- cates the basic diameter at or near the large end of the taper. Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS, 927 ‘Table 2. American National Standard Taper Drive with Tang, Self-Holding Tapers ANSI/ASME BS.10-1994 (R2002) Gage ine CE — orto K V GD -——c——||_ IF) Gare Line as =o. ™ Thank Tag Diameter [Hoa] Gage ine of | fined forshank| ot Shank | thickness | rength | erst | Diameter sper | A 2 c E PG i 0299| 0268 | 159 | 130 | o1se | 025 | or | om ors] o3ys2s | 197 | iss | orss | ost | or | 02 1 | asso | 256 | 24¢ | o203 | oss | oi | oss 2 | 0700 | 313 | 288 | 0250 | oa | o2s | oss 3 | ovsso | sas] 30 | o32 | oss | 02 | on a | t2si0 | ass | 46s | o4eo | oes | ost | oor 4% | 150000 | sas | sis | osez | o# | oa8 | 120 s | rao | 612 | sas | 0025 | 075 | oss | ian 6 | 240400 | sas | sas | 0750 | 113 | 050 | 200 To Tag Sia Min Depihot Hole | Gage ine Thank Ed No. K to ‘to Back of of Radius Tang Slot | Width | Length | Tang Slot taper |S" | rite | Reamea | iM No ? TRO] OE 108 1] 0 oa oT 0259| oos fist | ias ur | oi | oso | on oxrs| 00s | 16s | 156 147 | 0208 | 063 | 022 1 aos | 219 | 216 | 206 | oats | o7s | 038 3 cos | 331 | 32s 306 | ox | 119 | 056 4 oo | ais fans sas | owse | 12s | 050 a% | or | ae | ase | aa | oss | ize | 056 5 ors | sa | sas | aoa | 056 | 150 | 056 6 oie | rai_| 733 | 700 | ors: | 175 | 050 All dimensions are in inches. (1) See Table 7b for plug and ting gage dimensions. Tolerances: For shank diameter A al gage line, + 0,002 — 0,000; for hole diameter A, + 0,000 — 0.002. For tang thickness F up to No. 5 inclusive, + 0.000 — 0.006; No. 6, +0.000 — 0.008, For width Noftang slot up to No, 5 inclusive, + 0,006; ~ 0.000; No. 6, + 0.008 0.000. For centrality of tang E with center line of taper, 0.0025 (0.005 total indicator variation). These centrality tolerances also apply to the tang slot N. On rate of taper, all sizes 0.002 per foot. This tolerance may be applied on. shanks only in the direction which increases the rate of taper and on sockets only in the direction which decreases the rate of taper. Tolerances for two-decimal dimensions ate plus or minus 0.010, unless otherwise specified. Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.com928 ‘Table 3. American D Machinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS Self-Holding Tapers ANSI/ASME BS. 10-1994 (R2002) tional Standard Taper Drive with Keeper Key Slot, | L220 TI Taper § [71 + xi Tak Tor Bosker “ Ga ‘im Des | Gow SE] GY | xbtem | he | ricenes | ens | attr | dimer | ess Sit s firs] ois | sss] ov | ons | os | ia | ous | sai] sas} aoe 6 frase] 56 | sas] or J us | 050 | 200 | ois | vai] 223) 200 on shan’ | cagetie Pee St | wan foe | Sie FSS” feng | ian | asin | tonew | wisn 3 [oa pa Poe Teas oae | | a oe a Joss f aas | oso rar | sae f oat | aso | 22s | oso 5 | ove | aso | ose ro | rat | osie | 21 | as0 | oste All dimensions are in inches, (1) See Table 7b for plug and ring gage dimensions, Tolerances: tang thickness £ up to No. 5 inclusive, +0, ~0.006; larger than No. and N" up to No. 5 inclusive, +0.006, ~0; larger than No. 5, +0.008, -0. For centrality of tang E with centerline of taper 0.0025 (0,005 total indicator variation). These centrality tolerances also apply to slots N and N’. On rate of taper, see footnote in 40.010 unless otherwise specified, For shank diameter A at gage line, +0.002, -0; for hole diameter A, +0, -0.002, For +0,-0.008. For width of slots V Table 2, Tolerances for two-decimal dimensions are Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS 929 ‘Table 4. American National Standard Nose Key Drive with Keeper Key Slot, Self-Holding Tapers ANSI/ASME BS.10-1994 (R2002) D D age Line fF AUK Taper 13/4 i a ta | op é 2 F 7 z 3 300 | B0m-| 35 os ae] es] ano 0 yo | som | oes os | i | 25. | zo | ose 30 | 33m | nat ost | 200 | aor | zo | ose. so | t500 | 300 os | a | an | ao | osm so | Som | 97s oss | 2s | 23s | io | ose to | S00 | tase oso | 3s | 200 | do | tose ooo | 10000 | inas oes | aso | tts | foo] tose 200 | i200 | 2030 ors | sa_| tos | Sei | tose Ter [Bp ¥ wpe F T 3] as} | oe} } 050] wo | te | oss | 30 | ts | om | tom | 050 | 550 wo | 2a | oss | abs tat | 2m0 | oso | cas yo | as | oss | tas tt | amo | os | as ao fax | oss | San tar | 200 | oso | to So | 30 | t500 | Sas ten | smo | cas | tae co | 33 | osm | tas tin | m0 | ors | ose wo | 4s | osm | 530 a | too | tm | i330 te bas 33 | zon | doo | tm | isan Tae oro 3 ? F Z mo | 2 | tm | sis | om | im | ia | aa | te wo | ar | tm | Sa | tox | aie | ig | ae | te vo | sis | iss foo f ton | ie | is | sm fon wo acs | tas | 350 | ton | aie | tg | a3 | oa ts] ate | ts] to | ton | am | im | aa | ose so | tes | iso | sa | ton | ot |i | ao | 2a co | $s | is | was | ian | 3a | we | ae | aa so | ta | 2m | ie | ta | as | 2s | Ss | as oo | 9 | 230 | ass | aon | smo | sr | 300 | S00 20 | 0 [30 | io | osu | so | two | aa | coo “Thread is UNF-2B for hole; UNF-2A for screw. (1) See Table 7b for plug and ring gage dimen- All dimensions are in inches. AE's 0.005 greater than one-half of A. Width of drive key R” is 0.001 less than width R” of keyway. Tolerances: For diameter A of hole at gage line, +0, 0.002; for diameter A of shank at gage line, +0.002, -0; for width of slots N and N’, +0.008, ~0; for width of drive keyway R’ in socket, +0, — 0.001; for width of drive keyway R in shank, 0.010, -0; for centrality of slots N and NV" with center line of spindle, 0,007; for centrality of keyway with spindle centerline: for R, 0.004 and for R’, 0,002 TLV. On rate of taper, see footnote in Table 2. Two-decimal dimensions, $0,010 unless otherwise specified, Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition 930 STANDARD TAPERS Table 5. American National Standard Nose Key Drive with Drawbolt, Self-Holding Tapers ANSI/ASME BS.10-1994 (R2002) TL. Gage Line ZX. + D =A Baza Rs’ SDD soe RY rey 60° Countersink = G a Dine Dave Roy 5 5 oe bia Seer ome he [Cenacle | ONFSE into | in | eps | osew yo. | otee [steer | aie cx Fomor| To | Oa" | Thar Sr | Te] Seee | BeScew ] won | wits | ep | tt) cer rcter | te ser [ae | | | Ne | Se | Pgh | BSS | Boe |v Se aso | 25m] ise | oa | ao | ito | oso | 350) 225 | ico yoo | anm | 225 | oa | 19 | 2000 | oso | eas | 275 | ico as | asm] 250 | oa | to | 2000 | 030 | ese | ats | is so | am | 275 | ox | ise | 20m | 050 | ro | aes | as a0 | am | aco | 050 | 2s | 30m | ors | asx | aio | iso soo | sm] 326 | as | 29 | so00 | ov | sas] ae | iso soo | som | 325 | aso | 299 | 3000 | 075 | 1056) 550 | as ts | tao 398 [dove | ico | iso | sto0 | S00 +See Table 7b for plug and:ing gage dimensions Drawer Fore Die Rar Dia, Gage Center Length Dep | Dep | Pe | Gaze, Line ‘en | OY ot MBS! | ein Boron xo | Gee | nia | nates | aise | Spine | Bet, | orto" or sr | tie | excise’ | Tar® | Bae | eet | oor wisn | ep | Kopmay oor | oY |e | Me e | ae [ore Me | oe? | Be 20 | 3 | yep 2a Pas | on] am | on] tom] oer] 1008 aso | sss aa | ins | on | ss | oi | io | ose | ass 300 | 6 ars | 20 | 1 | sis | os | 2010 | ose | 1305 350 | 900 400 | 300 | iss | sa | om | so | os | aass soo | 92s 100 | 300 | 1s | 506) on | s010 | osi2 | 250s so | 1a sar | aco | 2a | toss | 050 | 00 | os | sos 00 | sass sai] aco | 208 aso | acio | ioe | soos vow fines sa] 40 | 20 | 1650 | oso | soi | sos | soos v2e0 | 2050 sai_| so | 20 | i556 | 050 | soi | oe | soos ‘All dimensions in inches Exposed length Cis 0.003 minimum and 0,035 maximum for all sizes. Drive Key D” screw sizes are %~24 UNF-2A up to taper No, 400 inclusive and ,-20UD larger tapers, Tolerances: For diameter A of hole at gage line, +0.000, ~0.002 for all sizes; for diameter A of shank at gage line, +0.002, -0.000; for all sizes; for width of drive keyway R’ in socket, +0.000, — 0.001; for width of drive keyway R in shank, +0.010, 0.000; for centrality of drive keyway R’, with centerline of shank, 0.004 total indicator variation, and for drive keyway R’, with center line of spin- dle, 0.002. On rate of taper, see footnote in Table 2. Tolerances for two-decimal dimensions are 40,010 unless otherwise specified. 1A for Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS 931 ‘Table 6, ANSI Standard Steep Machine Tapers ANSI/ASME BS.10-1994 (R2002) Dia Taper at Length Diaat | Length No. of per Gage | Along |] No.of Gage | Along Taper jot | Line? | Axis |] Taper Line? | Axis 3 3500 | 0500 | 06875 35 1500 | 2.2500 10 3.500 | 0.625 | 08750 || 40 3.500 | 1.750 | 2.5625 15 3500 | 0750 | 1.0625 || 4s 3500 | 2250 | 3.3125 20 3500 | 087s | 1.3128 50 3500 | 2.750 | 4.0000 25 3500 | 1,000 | 1.5625 35 3500 | 3500 | s.1875 30 3500 | 1.250 | 1.8750 60 3500 | 4.250 | 63750 “This taper corresponds to an included angle of 16°, 35°, 39.4”. The basic diameter at gage line is at large end of taper. All dimensions given in inches. ‘The tapers numbered 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 that are printed in heavy-faced type are designated. as the "Preferred Series.” The tapers numbered 5, I type are designated as the "Intermediate Series. 25,35, and $5 that are printed in light-faced ‘Table 7a. American National Standard Self-holding Tapers — Basic Dimensions ANSI/ASME B5.10-1994 (R2002) 375 0.50200] 0.37525 sean ya Shank Held in by Friction Series 4 0.62326] 1.23100 Morse 4% | os240o] 130000] tng Drive Wit Shank Heitinby Key | EE 5 0.63151] 1.74800 (See Table 3) > [caso] 21000 aor pons | oR oaso | 3000 0.750 3.500 } Key Drive With Shank Held in by Key ¥% Inch 0.750 | 4.000 (See Table 4) per sim forse. | 5.00 oes be too forse | som seco [oro | sooo tao [orso | 12000 * See illustrations above Tables 2 through 5, All dimensions given in inches. Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition 932 STANDARD TAPERS ‘Table 7b. American National Standard Plug and Ring Gages for the Self-Holding Taper Series ANSI/ASME BS. 10-1994 (R2002) “Tolerance or Dieter AP Depot Diameter Diameterat | Leagth | Gaping No, | tee | atcage Smal | cagetine | Note, of per tins’ | casex | casey | cusez | End | tke | Ping Gage Twper_| Foot a Gage | Gage | Gage a L v 289 | osoand [023033 | o.0008 | ~Goo0n7 |~o.00010 | oa0000 [098 [oan 299 | oso | 02995 | v.00 | ooo | ooo | 025000 nis | oot 375 | 050m | 037525 | v.00 | oor | ooo | 031250 150 | oss 2 | essa | 70000 | ooo | oom | ooo | osr200 | 256 | oo 3 | o60ass | asssv0 | 000008 | oo | o00012 | 077800 sis | cov | 062328 | 123100 | 000008 | cov | oo | 102000 | 405 | ome 4% | o2400 | 150000 | 0000s | 0.0002 | ooo0i2 | 126500 | 450 | oss s | ossist | 172100 | oo. | ooo | ooo | 1.47500 sis | ons 7 ‘sed | 32700 | acco. | ooons | ocoo20 | 275000 | 1000 | oor 200 | 075000 | 20000 | noc | oooo2 | oooos | 170s ars | 00m 250 | 07500 | 250000 | aco | oo02 | ooois | 2155 sso | om 350 | 075000 | 350000 | ooo10 | o0o1s | ooo | 2063 20 | oon 400 | 07500 | 00000 | acoo1 | coos | ooo20 | sis as | oom 450 | 07500 | 50000 | noco10 | oon0is | ooo020 | 3559 sso | om sco | 075000 | sao | ooo1s | ooois | ooocs | +422 52s | oo «oo | 0700 | «00000 | accor | coos | coos | S328 w7s | oon sco | 075000 } 00000 | oov1s | o002s } ooo | 7181 us | oo 1000 | 075000 | 1000000 | 0020 | 000030 | ooo | $953, 17s | om The taper per foot and diameter A at gage line are basic dimensions. Dimensions in Column A’ are calculated for reference only. Tolerances for diameter A are plus for plug gages and minus for ring gages. All dimensions are in inches. ‘The amount of taper deviation for Class X, Class ¥, and Class Z gages are the same, respectively, as the amounts shown for tolerances on diameter A. Taper deviation is the permissible allowance from true taper at any point of diameter in the length ofthe gage. On taper plug gages, this deviation ‘may be applied only in the direction which decreases the rate of taper. On taper ring gages, this devi- ation may be applied only inthe direction which increases the rate of taper. Tolerances on two-deci- mal dimensions are =0.010. British Standard Tapers. —British Standard 1660: 1972, “Machine Tapers, Reduction Sleeves, and Extension Sockets,” contains dimensions for self-holding and self-releasing tapers, reduction sleeves, extension sockets, and turret sockets for tools having Morse and metric 5 per cent taper shanks. Adapters for use with %, tapers and dimensions for spindle noses and tool shanks with self-release tapers and cotter slots are included in this Standard. Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS 933 Table 8. Dimensions of Morse Taper Sleeves A=No, Morse Taper Outside aD) © 12 Te LED zo 700 oats % | om af 0938 oars x | ors sf] sss 700 % | 0260 ada 12a oars | 2% ons aa 1a 0700 0260 a fa 1231 oss osm s]u L748 oars ons s]a Las 700 % | 0260 s]a Ls ons 1% | 0322 s]a4 Ls 1231 1% | oars 6 1 8% 2.494 0.475 % 0213 6 | 2 | 9% | ase 0700 % | 0260 6 | | 9% | age 098 1% | 0322 ofa % | age fy foe Yo 4% | 2a 1% | oss of | a | ase |x | x sy | 198 1% | oss tr ]oa | ux faa |x fax x | oo 1% | 0322 a fa | ux | s20 |x Jax 4% | 12s 1% | oars 1 Jos | um | s2m | x | ax sy | iss | 4% | 1% | oss 1 [6 | wk | a2 fax fax m% | 2ae [7 | 1% | 0760 Table 9. Morse Taper Sockets — Hole and Shank Sizes Morse Tape Morse Taper Sie [Hole | Stank || Sie [Hoe | Shak || sie [Hoe | Staak Toy | Not | No.2 || Bes | Nod [Nos [P44 | Nos | Now itys | Not | Nos |] smy2 | nos | nor |] awys | wo | Nos toys | not | nod ff ays | nos | nos PP stye | nos | xa rtys | Not | Nos ff sys | Nos | nos ff stya | nos | sos atys | No.2 | wos |] suys | sos | wos |] sos | wos | Nos arys | woz | nod |] anys | xo | wos |] swe | wos | noo Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition 934 STANDARD TAPERS Table 10, Brown & Sharpe Taper Shanks — a SS al Tn en Dritt P |] Plog Pil Depth) | | pepth || ato de t Arbors Colles 1 x 8 Taper 13" Per Fi. Dat [Pa banh P| Roan Tragis[ wat [zag [Dame Tune ow: | per | Sgt RES | Mash Stade | Depa | save | No [ue [tombe | apce Tier [ cacy [Dad muen[ [3 DE pw pr fe | «| sta00| at =f Le pase pa |e = sao Tas T% 3 | son | sie m | m% 7 2 | 1% 19 % 1% |e 2 + | s1200] 3500 M% 1% 2 % 30 soxeo | som 2 260 2 20 oa a0 = 7 a + | sorer] tooo | 2 sz 3 %q [am 3 [sore | 000% 7p 9 | woes | sooo % ae % 1% | as 5 ir ao 0 | sisi | roses Me 55, ™ | oe 1% 3 = 2 too | * | ™ [50 5 as OP TPs a so 00a Tp 5 [a0 Ta | so 300-9 Zs [soe Paa00-| 9, [son [tooo Po * Special lengths of keyway are used instead of standard lengths in some places. Standard lengths need not be used when keyway is for driving only and not for admitting key to force out tool. '°B & S Standard’ Plug Depths are not used in all cases, "Adopted by American Standards Association, Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS 935 ‘Table 11, Jarno Taper Shanks sootuper —¢_macttaper ym oftaper Number Length Diameter Diameter Taper of Taper # c D per toot 2 7 020 0250 0.500 3 1% 030 037s 0.600 4 2 040 0.500 0.600 5 % 050 0.25 0.600 6 3 0.60 0.750 0.600 7 3% 070 oa7s 0.600 8 4 0380 1.000 0.600 9 4% 4% 0.90 Las 0.600 lo 5% 5 1.00 L250 0.600 n 5% 5% L10 1375 0.600 2 6% 6 120 1.500 0.600 1B 6% % 130 1025 0.800 a % 7 140 L750 0.600 1s % % 150 1875 0.800 16 a% 8 160 2.000 0.600 ” 8% 8% 170 22s 0.600 Is 9% ° 180 2250 0.600 19 o% 1.90 2.395 0.600 20 10% 10 2.00 2.500 0.600 ‘Tapers for Machine Tool Spindles —Most lathe spindles have Morse tapers, most mill- ing machine spindles have American Standard tapers, almost all smaller milling machine spindles have R8 tapers, page 944, and large vertical milling machine spindles have Amer- ican Standard tapers. The spindles of drilling machines and the taper shanks of twist drills are made to fit the Morse taper. For lathes, the Morse taper is generally used, but lathes may have the Jamo, Brown & Sharpe, ot a special taper. Of 33 lathe manufacturers, 20 use the Morse taper; 5, the Jarno; 3 use special tapers of their own; 2 use modified Morse (longer than the standard but the same taper); 2 use Reed (which is a short Jamo); 1 uses the Brown & Sharpe standard. For grinding machine centers, Jaro, Morse, and Brown & Sharpe (apers are used. Of ten grinding machine manufacturers, 3 use Brown & Sharpe; 3 use Morse: and 4 use Jarno. The Brown & Sharpe taper is used extensively for milling machine and dividing head spindles. ‘The standard milling machine spindle adopted in 1927 by the milling machine manufacturers of the National Machine Tool Builders’ Association (now The Association for Manufacturing Technology [AMT]), has a taper of 34 inches per foot. This comparatively steep taper was adopted to ensure easy release of arbors. Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition 936 STANDARD TAPERS ‘Table 12. American National Standard Plug and Ring Gages for Steep Machine ‘Tapers ANSI/ASME B5.10-1994 (R2002) a ¥ 4 | x A 4 Gage Line Class X Type Gage Chass Y & Z Type Gage B Ey Gage Line Gage Line 7 Gage Line Chass X Type Gage Chass ¥ & Z Type Gage Tolerances for Diameter AY | Diame- | Length | Overall ‘Taper | Diameter terat | GageLine | Length | Dia No. | per at Small to | ofGage| of of | Foor | Gage Lines | 1 case ¥ | class | Ends | Small ind | “Body” | opening Taper | Basic) | a Gage | Gage | 4’ L B |e 3 | 3300 | 0500 ‘o.an0e7 | omvor0 | 02995 | —oseis | asi | 0 wo | sso | oss 6.00007 | o.o0o10 | asses | 08750 | 100 | 036 1s | sso | 0950 0.00007 | o.ooo10 | os4or | 1.0528 | 12s | as 20 | 3500 | oss .00009 | o.ooo12 | ossa2 | 1si2s | 130 | os 25 | 3500 | 1000 0.00009 | oooo12 | osass | users | 19s | oss 30 | 3500 | 1250 0.00009 | oo0o12 | 07081 | 18750 | 205 | 070 as | 3500 | 1500 0.00009 | o.oo012 | osass | 22500 | 244 | oss 40 | 3so0 | 1.750 00012 | o.o0o16 | 1.0026} 25628 | 275 | 1.00 4s | 3500 | 2250 0.00012 | o.o0o16 | 12839 | 3.3125 | 350 | 1.00 so | ss00 | 2750 oooars | o.o020 | rssx3 | 0000 | 425 | 1.00 ss | ss00 | 3.500 oo0ors | 0.00020 | r9s0 | s.as7s | 550 | 1.00 co | ss00 | 4250 o.0a1s | 0.00020 | 23906 | 6.3750 | 675 | 200 “The taper per foot and diameter A at gage line are basic dimensions. Dimensions in Column A’ are calculated for reference only. ® Tolerances for diameter A are plus for plug gages and minus for ring gages. All dimensions are in inches. ‘The amounts of taper deviation for Class X, Class ¥, and Class Z gages are the same, respectively, as the amounts shown for tolerances on diameter A. Taper deviation is the permissible allowance from true taper at any point of diameter in the length of the gage. On taper plug gages, this deviation ‘may be applied only inthe direction which decreases the rte of taper. On taper ring gages, this devi- ation may be applied only in the direction which increases the rate of taper. Tolerances on two-deci- ‘mal dimensions are +0.010. Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS 937 ‘Table 13. Jacobs Tapers and Threads for Drill Chucks and Spindles — American Standard Thread Form A 2 c | pre | sexe | a 2 ce | perk, aso | oases | oasiso | oso1as [| Nea tia | toms | 1eses | oanase o.aso | osu | oesias | osasoe | Nos | iaizo | rai | tevso | o@oto 10559 | oas7st | ox7soo | o97st ois | oss | too00 | 062209 cosas | osyret | 075000 | 09761 | No.3s | os240 | oss0s | 10000 | o7sis4 oan | orssio | 1217s | osssoe “These dimensions are for the No, 2 “short” taper. Teed DianaierD. Dianear Dimension F Tia Ti Tie Ta Ti Ti 0331 ose 0325 03195 ous ous 063s oes oss os ons ous 0860 oss osia 0505 013s ons Ls Lo ons 0830 0.66 ome Ls Lato ons 0630 0.166 ous 1250 ras 0.760 0755 0165, os last ivy 1036 L028 2st 0250 Tax Vie * Ge Na Ge Ge Noi Ge oan | 030% bast) ozssi | 0200 | oass | 02806 o3ns9 | 03667 asst | oss | ossre | ostes | ossso ass? | 0506 oss | 0467s | oar | ose | ossi9 oma | ots 0687 sso | osm | oson osse9 oss | ostse ost oss | 05905 | osso | sree ors | oxen 0687 oss | 06657 | ossi0 | 06561 ones | o7s91 687 ors | onse | one | o7me 1.00 | ones 100 | ooiss | oszs | oss | ooiss 0 | 1000 o9e72 1000 | 09350 | oss | o9ss0 | ossns Wet 1500 Lass 1.000 tas | ee | raise 1a "Except for 1-8, 1-10, 1%4-8 all threads are now manufactured to the American National Standard Unified Screw Thread System, Internal Class 2B, Extemal Class 2A. Effective date 1976, Tolerances for dimension H are as follows: 0.030 inch for thread sizes Ys ~24 to ¥,-16, inclusive and 0.125 inch for thread sizes 1-8 to 1¥4-8, inclusive. Length for Jacobs OBS/16 chuck is 0.375 inch, length for 1BS/16 chuck is 0.437 inch. “Length for Jacobs No. IBS chuck is 0.437 inch Usual Chuck Capacities for Different Taper Series Numbers: No. 0 taper, drill diameters, 0% inch; No. 1, 0-¥, inch; No. 2, O-Y, inch; No, 2"“Short,” 0-%e inch; No. 3, 0-4. 4%. o-% oF Y= 14 inch; No. 4, %-¥, inch; No. 5, ¥—1; No. 6,0-Y, inch; No. 33, 0-Y, inch, Usual Chuck Capacities for Different Thread Sizes: Size Yg24, drill diameters 0-, inch; size %— 24, drill diameters 0%, YX, or YY inch; size 4-20, drill diameters 0-4, Ye—%, oF YY inch; size %-11, drill diameters 0-Y, inch; size %—16, dill diameters 0-4, % ~%, or Ye inch; size hy 16, drill diameters 0-H, inch; size ¥,-16, drill diameters 0-% or Y—% Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.com‘Machinery's Handbook 28th Edition ‘Table L, Essential Dimensions of American National Standard Spindle Noses for Milling Machines ANSI BS.18-1972(R2004) ee of aan a ‘Slot and key location | Usable | ehreade Standard steep machine taper 3.500 inch per ft fl f« Lain section 2-7. Opti Key Construction i—Keyseat {—Key tight it in slot when Insert ey is used oe Preferred Key Construction Copyright 2008, Industrial Pres Inc New York, NY - wv industralpress.com 86 SWHAVL CAVANVISMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition ‘Table . (Continued) Essential Dimensions of American National Standard Spindle Noses for Milling Machines ANSIBS 18-1972 (R2004) Joe fase fief oom | on myo fo | oar [am fowo] o [om | § Two-digh dein iesions 10.010 unless therwie pied Cena ofkeyway wih ais of per 0 002 oa at ant mater coneion (0002 Telnet arin Cental fod key with ats of tpt 0.002 total al maim maleic, (0.02 Tt indicat vation) Note: Hole speed at shown nd osted within 0.06ach ee te postion. Wote2: Moles spaced a shown and lee win 010 inch date ft orton Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc few York, NY - www industialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition 940 STANDARD TAPERS ‘Table 2, Essential Dimensions of American National Standard Tool Shanks for Milling Machines ANSI BS.18-1972 (R2004) Soins Nast, os Amiens Coe ine els a va ee pat Thesd iaimam | sini soe | Gage | Sete serbrarin Unehot | ‘Depot Se | per | dew | pice [Rei] ir | resem | ic’ | Cenc Ther | ‘tat | Rew f oxcin | Bef afin | thea | ie ¥ 3 * iw i 5 T e wf ase | Be | B® [osou | ees | an | im | 200 “ os | ot | gan | 09st as o | imo | ot | am J osu] ae | to | a | aos ws | ow | one fas ow} ea fy : a 5 so | 98s | 19 | orsaro | 1288 | eo so | ans 50 2.750 875 150 1,000-8 $50 1,00 175, 350 ons | La 30 aso | as 230 as | ae ee 5 iron Disuace ower | Chace tom Cae Mage | stitunge | tootstank | witnor | "tmete” | pep | pioneer D Toms Tam 3a [a5 Ps] 0 275 0.075 0.625 0.645 0 007 0530 | os 0390 oss oos | 06s0 “0 A758 0.075 0875, 0.685, 350 007 0.655 ws | an | exes 1as0 070 | agg | ons | ons uss rhs om i 10s 1390 woo |, os Loss 50 Sap 0135 1375 1.020, 475 O12 1030 ous 2400 woo | yg, | ons aot oO B25 0135 2385, 1.020 ‘ 02 14312 All dimensions are given in inches. Tolerances: Two digit decimal dimensions + 0.010 inch unless otherwise specified. _M—Permissible for Class 2B “NoGo" gage to enter five threads before interference, N—Taper tolerance on rate of taper to be 0.001 inch per foot applied only in direction which increases rate of taper. Y—Centrality of drive slot with axis of taper shank 0,004 inch at maximum material condition, (0.004 inch total indicator variation) Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS 941 ‘Table 3. American National Standard Draw-in Bolt Ends ANSI BS. 18-1972 (R2004) {Tt | t - - - WU + ‘ il itt HAL —s bc} —a Length of si Lenathot | Usable Thread | sizeof Tread | Sie of Tess Size | Length of | Usable Thread |on Large Diam | for Large End | for Small End “e Small End | at Small End eter UNC-2A. UNC-2A 4 G C ™ D 30 1.06 0.75 0.75 0.500-13 0.375-16 ao] 12s 1.00 ui | ows | osooss as] 150 un 12s | o7set0 | o62s-it so | 150 as 138 1000-8 | 0625-11 oo | 1 La 2.00 250-7 | 1000-8 Tiiensons ar pven niches Table 4. American National Standard Pilot Lead on Centering Plugs for Flathack Milling Cutters ANSI BS.18-1972 (R2004) ZT | 0002 Lead Dia Pilot Dia American Standard ‘Taper 3.500 Inch per Ft Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition 942 STANDARD TAPERS ‘Table 5. Essential Dimensions for American National Standard Spindle Nose with Large Flange ANSI BS.18-1972 (R2004) Si ant ha te Ko tact Mis cable [AE | om Tat G in 7] ry & @ che ~ 1 mercansaaars BB ee 2nd tion inet Shai 2 % f A, tind {$a eu } ort haby \ ht : \ of Tel ‘ Foon , ~ Gage Line [aIxT.000s) oA Peston mF iv ——— 8-41 Lt win fy fe Kosa Seine 2 BOT nS Dine cuasnnce | in ‘ton fio | Bin eight cinrio soe} cae | Da fer | spite | wien | aE | pep | “Sowing xo] pam | "c pavin | “Eu | Mor | panne | Per | kee ar | spmae | rioc | Bok we | patie | PROT | Keyra | Br ster | Hage | Dak fom | colin | Ror | stex | “Min | ponon ° a | ° ° 2 ae SOA, 2.750 87180 | 1368 1.08 075 1.0006 050 050 tale tus | tom ea Dinas | Rida Desh ‘of Bolt Size of Pall of oe Thea Dept vate ane Cis ‘oe el Ted Kon | cones) ok ator ‘ce sie | steont Holes Helen st wat Th i Ki L My My fi 50A, 2420) 2.000 3500 | 0625-11 | 0750-10 550 1.00 12s. 0.999 ihe |? tom All dimensions are given in inches. Tolerances: Two-digit decimal dimensions + 0.010 unless otherwise specified. A—Tolerance on rate of taper to be 0.001 inch per foot applied only in direction which decreases rate of taper. F—Centrality of solid key with axis of taper 0.002 inch total at maximum material condition, (0.002 inch Total indicator variation) F,—Centrality of keyseat with axis of taper 0.002 inch total at maximum material condition, (0.002 inch Total indicator variation) Nore 1: Maximum runout on test plug: 0,0004 at 1 inch projection from gage line. 0,0010 at 12 inch projection from gage line. Note 2: Squareness of mounting face measured near mounting bolt hole cirele. Note 3: Holes located as shown and within 0,010 inch diameter of tue position. Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition STANDARD TAPERS 943 V-Flange Tool Shanks and Retention Knobs.—Dimensions of ANSI B5.18-1972 (R2004) standard tool shanks and corresponding spindle noses are detailed on pages 938 through 941, and are suitable for spindles used in milling and associated machines. Corre- sponding equipment for higher-precision numerically controlled machines, using reten- tion knobs instead of drawbars, is usually made to the ANSVASME BS.50-1985 standard, Essential Dimensions of V-Flange Tool Shanks ANSI/ASME BS5.50-1985 JP] No alterations Cy won 60 deg. + 15 deg. |“ Flom a e002 [4 | |] ca ore 3 2 pie Tht ake re} [os To a]? |e°]>)=2 >)? )°*)*]7 ] © ; x ae POO oncaa | x 00.007 Toteance| 20005 [20010 | Min | "ROS [uncam | sooio | anon | TOUE | Fa0eT Sar [Gare 0 TEP ORT STs OST TT Tarp oT aaa ao a0 aaron oat poses anf 3300 | ons Bp EBL asp Oa TOL OTe LOTS TOT Bae] 3350 -| Tap Ta 50 a0 aoa sf rar asp as asp wo sepa pom pasa prasor passe} sp a a >. ] ]* ]? | * | 5 z 3.000 70.000 Toeranve| 20001 | 20005 | 2 [Min | soon | zoo. sen08 Sie [Gage Di a ao [50 |ases | 1150| 0060 | T38—|2863 | ora0 | 08601750 352280 |orra | 2a50| ons | sets | 0850} 1090-2750 5 case On co | 420 | 100 | «a0 [ 22° (is | sess | iar | 208 | 4250 ‘Notes: Taper tolerance to be 0,001 in. in 12.n, applied in direction that increases rate of taper. Geo- ‘metric dimensions symbols are to ANSI Y14.5M-1982. Dimensions are in inches. Deburr all sharp edges. Unspecified filets and radii to be 0.03 .0.010R, or 0.034:0.010 x 45 degrees. Data for size 60 are not part of Standard. For all sizes, the values for dimensions U (tol. +0.005) are 0.579: for V (tol £0,010), 0.440; for W (tol. 0.002), 0.625; for X (ol. + 0.005), 0.151; and for ¥ (tol. 0.002), 0.750. Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.comMachinery's Handbook 28th Edition 944 STANDARD TAPERS, Essential Dimensions of V-Flange Tool Shank Retention Knobs ANSI/ASME BS5.50-1985 —" [ooo -—1—+| n—| on — ua oa] 4 {ol ~Be | OB | kl Me a WU SS Pitch dia. 45 deg. —<} or 235 aee> Olea a <= Read. [7] 0.002] 4 wae a 7 < 2 z F aap sf 7 wae a waa ore a 135 aaa | sam Bases | os a Ta aaa 0 3 Tamms [ao] om 230 Tat [a0 % Ta [aa To 320 0 O80 Totenares | UNC IR [ Fooos | soms [anew | snes | nos Si é 7 7 z 7 7m z a 5 xo | om | ow | ow | o& | oss | oi | oom ; a8 wo | oo | on | om | °% | on | om | om «| om | ow | om | 2 | 10 | om | om so | ox | om | om | 2% | az | oa | ons Zit w | om | o% | om | 2% | as | on | ons "om oT Toraces| 200% | sow | 20010 00 Toa | Ba Notes: Dimensions are in inches. Material: low-carbon steel, Heat treatment: carburize and harden (0 0.016 (o 0.028 in, effective case depth. Hardness of noted surfaces to be Rockwell 56-60; core hardness Rockwell C35-45. Hole J shall not be carburized, Surfaces C and R to be free from tool marks, Deburr all sharp edges. Geometric dimension symbols are to ANSI Y14.SM-1982, Data for size 60 are not part of Standard, Collets R8 Collet—The dimensions in this figure are believed reliable. However, there are varia- tions among manufacturers of R8 collets, especially regarding the width and depth of the keyway. Some sources do not agree with all dimensions in this figure. R8 collets are not always interchangeable. Copyright 2008, Industrial Press Inc., New York, NY - www.industrialpress.com