Liteng, Barangay Pacdal

Baguio City Community

Diagnosis

In partial fulfilment

of the requirement for the

Subject COMHL01

By

NBB Group 2

Arvie Jayselle Tabije

Edenmae Sato

Glexainth Barcarse

Michelle Resultay

Moises Norris Ordona

Olivia Fe Herreria

Sarah Zaiter

Shaye Alyxen Pelingen

Sheena Ramilo

Trixie De Asis

April 2018
 Table of Contents

AWKNOWLEDGEMENT 1

INTRODUCTION 2

I. BARANGAY PROFILE 3-5

Historical Development 1

Physical and Natural Characteristics 1

Vision and Mission 2

Organizational Chart 3

II. HEALTH CENTER PROFILE 4

Vision and Mission 4

Program and Services 4

Clinic Schedule 4

Organizational Chart 5

III.COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS 6-38

Demographical Variables 2

Socio-economic and Cultural Variables 3

Health and Illness Patterns 2

Political/Leadership Patterns 3

Community Health Problems 2

IV. COPAR 39-41

Pre-entry Phase 39

Entry Phase 40-41

V. CONCLUSION, INSIGHTS, RECOMMENDATION 42-46

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The students are grateful to the Almighty Father for

watching them and giving them courage and blessings to their

community nursing duty as well as the completion of their

community assessment report.

The students also wish to express their sincere thanks

to Miss Helen Alalag, Dean of School of Nursing for her

approval to conduct their community health nursing duty at

Liteng, Pacdal, Baguio City.

The students express their extreme gratitude to Miss

Jocelyn Apalla, for her unfailing support, guidance,

constant encouragement and providing the students all the

necessary information all throughout the duty.

The students would also like to thank their Program

Chair for the BSN program and their clinical instructor in

the Community skills laboratory Miss Evangeline Soliba, who

shared and provided them their knowledge and skills and

prepared them to their community duty.

The students would like to thank the Punong Barangay

Mr. Roberto Medina and to the Pacdal Health Center personnel

led by Jill K. Mateo for giving them the opportunity to

experience the essential of CHN and for the community people

for accommodating us and answering our questions. The

students also take this opportunity to record their sincere

thanks to all the barangay officials and people of Pacdal

and the staff of Pacdal Health Center for familiarizing the

students to their facilities.

Also, to the loving parents of the students, family,

friends and group mates who unselfishly lent their time,

resources and for their great support in successful

completion of this project in the assigned areas.

 INTRODUCTION

The NBB group 2 had their Community Health Nursing duty

at Liteng, Pacdal. Baguio City. It was the first CHN

exposure of the student this March 19-21, 26-28 and April

16-18. The students were able to experience the feeling of

being a community health worker.

Community Health Nursing is a specialized field of

nursing practice. It includes nursing directed to

individuals, families, population group and the community.

It is a unique blend of nursing and public health nursing

combined into the human service that properly developed and

applied, and has a tremendous impact on well-being.

The students’ goal for their CHN exposure is to assess

and determine the needs of the community, particularly in

terms of the health status and environmental sanitation.

Specifically the objectives are:

 Gathered Barangay and Health Center history and

Community Personnel.

 To establish rapport with the community people

 To gather data in each family

 To determine the family problems of each household

 To determine the contributing factors to the community

health situation.

 To know the strengths and weaknesses of the community.

 To determine the community problems

 CHAPTER I

BARANGAY PROFILE

Barangay Pacdal derived its name from the Ibaloi

“Pacsial”, meaning a log wooden bridge. It has a main brook

coming from Barangay Gibraltar and has three sitio

tributaries emanating from the Puroks of Maria Basa, Liteng

and Interior Regidor.

Old folks says that Pacdal have more creeks before than

what now exist. Natural springs abound and these springs

are now used by the residents as water supply. Liteng

received its name because the people that had come to settle

their found the water in these natural springs to be clear

to the point you can see the bottom hence the name “Liteng”

was given and the barangay was born. It is home to the St.

Francis Seminary which serves school for seminarians in

pursuit of their calling.

Barangay Pacdal has wider area of coverage before WII,

to include Gibraltar and nearby areas, Navy Base, Polo

field. Proof of this is once Pacdal elementary School

changed to Rizal Elementary School, named after our National

hero, Jose Rizal. Assess topography and other political

subdivision, the place is composed mainly of 25% fault and

sloping terrain surrounded by 75% mountains. It is situated

at the North-East side of the city and creek flows from the

elevated art of Gibraltar to Balili River.

 Barangay Pacdal is near the tourist spots like The

Mansion, Botanical Garden, Mines View and Camp John Hay.

Vision:

Be the premier trade center and destination in Baguio

City.

Mission:

Deliver basic services through effective and efficient

governance and provision of facilities to alleviate the

standard of living of constituents.

 CHAPTER II

HEALTH CENTER PROFILE

Vision:

A globally competitive city on premier health.

Mission:

Provide quality primary health care services to respond to

the evolving changes.

Pacdal Health Center Clinic Schedules

Monday TB DOTS (8:00 AM-12:00PM)

Medical Consultation (1:00 PM-5:00 PM)
Adolescent Health

Tuesday Immunization
Newborn & Postpartum Care
Well Child Follow-up
Family Planning

Wednesday Medical Consultation (8:00 AM-12:00 PM)

TB DOTS (1:00 PM-5:00 PM)
Adolescent Health

Thursday Pap Smear

(8:00 AM- Family Planning
12:00 PM) Senior Citizen Clinic (3rd Thursday of the
month)
Nutrition Intervention (3rd Thursday of the
month)

Friday Prenatal care

Dental Services
Newborn & Postpartum
Well Child follow-up

Country Club Barangay- 8:30 AM to 11:00 AM, every 2 nd

Thursday of the month

 CHAPTER III

COMMUNITY DIAGNOSIS

A. TABULATION OF DATA

Number of Families Surveyed- 91

Total number of Population Surveyed- 407

Table 1. Frequency and Percentage Distribution According to

Age and Gender

AGE FEMAL FEMALE MALE MALE TOTAL PERCENTA

E PERCENTAG PERCENTA GE
E GE
0-5 y/o 20 9.50% 16 8.12% 36 9%
6-13 y/o 32 15.24% 35 17.77% 67 16%
14-21 y/o 44 20.95% 31 15.74% 75 18%
22-39 y/o 46 21.90% 58 29.44% 104 26%
40-65 y/o 55 26.19% 47 23.83% 102 25%
66 above 13 6.19% 10 5.06% 23 6%
y/o
TOTAL: 210 100% 197 100% 407 100%

POPULATION PERCENTAGE
TOTAL
FEMALE TOTAL
210 51.60%
MALE TOTAL
197 48.40%

Table 1 shows that the section NBB2 was able to gather

407 total population in Liteng, Pacdal, Baguio City with

51.60% female and 48.40% male. It was further noted that the

age group 22-39 year old has the highest population of

25.55% while the least is the 66 years old and above with

5.65%. This implies that there are more females than males

if the females are to marry and have children, the

population will increase. It is also noted that the

reproductive age as shown in the population of 18.43% in 14-

21 years old, 25.55% in 22-39 years old, and 26.06% in 40-65

years old, which means that more are able to engage in

reproduction.

Table 2. Frequency and Percentage Distribution According to

Family Size

FAMILY SIZE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Family with 5-6 36 39.56%
members
Family with 3-4 32 35.17%
members
Family with 1-2 14 15.38%
members
Family with 7 9 9.89%
members and above
TOTAL: 91 100%

Table 2 shows that the NBB2 was able to gather data to

91 families from Liteng, Pacdal, Baguio City. It shows that

family size of 5-6 members is the highest with 39.56% and

second is family with 3-4 members while family with 7

members and above is the least with 9.89%. This implies that

some of the families lack knowledge about family planning as

seen only 9 out of 91 are a size of 7 or more members. A

family size of 5-6 may be immediate family with or without

extended family living together in one household.

Table 3. Frequency and Percentage Distribution According to

Ethnic Group

ETHNIC GROUP FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Kankana-ey 30 32.97%
Ibaloi 25 27.48%
Ilokano 17 18.68%
Pangasinense 7 7.69%
Kalangoya 6 6.59%
Tagalog 5 5.49%
Bisaya 1 1.09%
TOTAL: 91 100%
 Table 3 shows Kankana-ey is the dominant family ethnic

group within the Liteng-Pacdal community with 32.98% of the

total families. Followed by Ibaloi as the second foremost

ethnic group and the family with the least ethnic group is

Bisaya with 1.09%. This implies that the dominant practices

and culture of Kankana-ey is being practiced in the Barangay

Pacdal - Liteng. There is a strong presence of natives

(Kanakan-ey and Ibaloi) in the community compared to those

whom are non-native.

Table 4. Frequency and Percentage Distribution According to

the Type of Family Based on Authority

TYPE OF FAMILY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

BASED ON AUTHORITY
Patriarchal 28 30.77%
Egalitarian 27 29.67%
Matriarchal 21 23.08%
Matricentric 11 12.09%
Patricentric 4 4.39%
TOTAL: 91 100%

Table 4 presents that most of the family follow the

patriarchal means of decision making with 30.77% which is

common in the Philippine setting. Second is egalitarian

means of decision making with 29.67% and 3rd is matriarchal

with 23.08%. The data implies that even in this generation,

the male dominant of the household is in charge of deciding

how money is divided, in terms of health and budget. The

provider of the family has the responsibility and authority

to distribute the finances according to importance and the

needs of the family.

Table 5. Frequency and Percentage According to Civil Status

CIVIL STATUS FRQUENCY PERCENTAGE
Single 262 64.37%
Married 133 32.68%
Widowed 12 2.95%
TOTAL: 407 100%

Table 5 displays single individuals as the most

abundant within the community at 64.37%, and married couples

followed as the second most common civil status at 32.68%.

Widowers are the least in the community at 2.95%. This

implies that if the single individuals can be counted as

underage children, students, middle-aged or the elderly.

Live in couples are also considered as single because they

are not considered legally together.

Table 6. Frequency and Percentage According to Religion

RELIGION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Roman Catholic 299 73.47%
Born Again 43 10.57%
Baptist 23 5.65%
Iglesia ni Cristo 15 3.67%
Anglican 7 1.73%
UUCP 4 0.98%
Pentecost 4 0.98%
Seventh Day 4 0.98%
Adventist
Mormon 3 0.74%
CCDC 3 0.74%
Crusader 2 0.49%
TOTAL: 407 100%

Table 6 shows, as data gathered by the group, the most

common religion is Roman Catholic with 73.47% within the

community while the families whose religions are the least

are: UUCP, Pentecost, Seventh Day Adventist, and CCDC. This

implies the dominant religion practiced in the city is Roman

Catholic, taking in consideration that the Philippines is a

Roman Catholic country. It can also be implied the belief

and worship in God is also practiced in different

denominations of Christianity, such as Born Again, Baptist,

and Igelsia ni Cristo. Within the family, the religion is

passed down generation to generation unless otherwise.

Table 7. Frequency and Percentage According to Highest

Educational Attainment

HIGHEST FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
College Graduate 95 23.34%
High School Level 78 19.16%
College Level 61 14.99%
Elementary Level 55 13.52%
High School 54 13.27%
Graduate
None 30 7.37%
Pre-School 12 2.95%
Elementary 11 2.70%
Graduate
Vocational 11 2.70%
TOTAL: 407 100%

Table 7 shows that college graduate has the highest

educational attainment which is 23.34% and elementary

graduate and vocational has the lowest educational

attainment which is 2.70%. This implies that although the

families are not rich, they are able to finish their

schooling.

Table 8. Frequency and Percentage According to Employment

Rate

EMPLOYMENT STATUS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Unemployed 133 32.68%
Employed 96 23.59%
Students 74 18.18%
Self-Employed 53 13.02%
Babies 36 8.85%
Retired 11 2.70%
OFW 4 0.98%
TOTAL: 407 100%

Table 8 shows that most are Unemployed with the highest

rate of 32.68% while the OFW has the lowest. This implies

that the government lacks livelihood programs which may help

on employment. Most are students and some are babies and are

not working and if the students graduate, the percentage of

employment will increase.

Table 9. Frequency and Percentage According to Occupation

OCCUPATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Government 58 60.41%
Employee
Private Employee 30 31.25%
Labourer 5 5.21%
Farmer 3 3.13%
TOTAL: 96 100%

Table 9 shows that 96 people are currently employed and

60.41% of them are government employee and 31.25% are

private employee. It is also noted that there are 3.13%

farmer and 5.21% labourer. This implies that they prefer

working in the government because of the benefits and pay

are much higher than other occupation.

Table 10. Frequency and Percentage According to Source/s of

Income

SOURCES OF INCOME FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Employment 64 70.33%
Business/Marketing 21 23.08%
Pension 11 12.09%
Agriculture 7 7.69%
Cottage Industry 3 3.30%
Animal Industry 1 1.09%
Remittance 10 10.99%
 The table shows that 70.33%% source of income is

employment, 23.08% source of income is business /marketing

while 1.09% are involved in animal industry. This implies

that most of the families depend on the monthly salary as

source of the income.

Table 11. Frequency and Percentage According to Estimated

Monthly Income of the Family

ESTIMATED MONTHLY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

INCOME
5,001-15,000 50 61.73%
15,001-25,000 13 16.05%
Below 5,000 5 6.17%
25,001-35,000 5 6.17%
35,001-45,000 4 4.94%
45,001-55,000 2 2.47%
55,001 and Above 2 2.47%

Table 11 shows that of the 81 families who willingly

answered the estimated monthly income, 61.73% claimed that

their income is within 5001 to 15000 per month. This implies

that that the income of the families are not enough to

provide the basic needs of the families as noted in table 2

has the family size of 5-6 member

Table 12. Frequency and Percentage According to Family

Monthly Expenditures

MONTHLY EXPENDITURES OF FAMILY FREQUENCY RANKING

Food 91 1
Medicine 182 2
Clothing 262 3
Education 353 4
Kitchen Items 424 5
House Repairs 521 6
Furnitures and Fixtures 648 7
Recreation 736 8
Aggricultural Inputs 819 9
 Table 12 shows that the 91 families ranked food as

first monthly expenditure, followed by medicine, clothing,

education and lastly agricultural inputs. This implies that

they know how to budget and they prioritize their family

basic needs.

Graph 13: Frequency and Percentage According to Status of

House of Occupancy

House Occupancy
80.00%
70.00% 74.73%
60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00% 13.19%
0.00% 7.69%
4.00%
Owned Rented Rent Free Living with Relatives

House Occupancy

Bar graph 13 shows that the families in the

barangay mostly own their houses, and only a few of them are

renting and living with their relatives. This implies that

most of the families have less expense compared to those who

are renting.

Graph 14: Percentage According to the Type of Dwelling

Type of Dwelling
90.00%
80.00%
70.00% 78.02%
60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00% 21.98%
10.00%
0.00%
Permanent Semi-Permanent

Type of Dwelling
 Bar graph 14 shows that mostly of their houses are

composed of permanent materials and only one third of it are

made of semi-permanent materials. This implies that most of

the houses in Barangay Pacdal-Liteng are sturdy; in times of

typhoon they will have no problem with shelter.

Graph 15: Percentage According to Power/ Energy Sources

Power/ Energy Source

98.90%

62.64%

4.40% 3.30% 3.30% 1.10%

Electricity LPG Coal Candle Emergency Kerosene
Lamp

Bar graph 15 shows that most of their power/

energy source of the 91 families is provided by BENECO with

98.90%, followed by LPG with 62.64% and the least is from

kerosene with 1.10%. This implies that most of the community

people know the importance of good lighting to avoid

mosquitos accumulating inside their houses.

Graph 16: Percentage According to Water Source

Water Source
45.05%
38.46%

23.08% 20.88%

Spring BAWADI Deepwell Delivery

 Bar graph 16 shows that the water source of the

residents mostly comes from the Liteng Spring with 45.05%,

followed by BAWADI with 38.46%, then deep well with 23.08%

and lastly delivery with 20.88% especially during summer

since the spring can suffer from drought. This implies that

the Sitio of Liteng are well provided with water coming from

their spring and they have less expense in terms of water

bill.

Graph 17: Percentage According to Water Storage

Water Storage
51.65% 49.45%

26.37%
17.58%

Tank Drum Plastic container Jar/ Bottles

Bar graph 17 shows that most of the residents’

water storage is a tank with 51.65%, followed by a drum with

49.45%, then plastic containers with 26.37% and lastly jars/

bottles with 17.58%. This implies that the community people

are at risk of having Dengue if they lack knowledge of how

to properly store their water.

Graph 18: Frequency and Percentage According to Food Sources

Food Source

97.80%
72.53%
57.14% 53.85%

16.48%
Market Sari-sari Supermarket Ambulant Backyard
Store Vendors Garden
 Bar graph 18 shows that most of the residents’

food source comes from the market and the least source is

from a backyard garden. This implies that they have a

variety of food to choose from for their daily nutritional

needs.

Table 19. Frequency and Percentage According to Sources of

Information

SOURCES OF FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK

INFORMATION
TV 84 92.31% 1
Newspapers 40 43.96% 4
Health 15 16.48% 8
Center/Health
Workers
Cell Phone 75 82.42% 2
Radio 60 65.93% 3
Magazine 18 19.78% 7
Brochures/posters 19 20.88% 6
Internet 37 40.66% 5
Table 19 shows that 92.31% of the 91 families have

television in their houses to watch the latest and exclusive

news to gather information. It indicates that people are

having enough knowledge on what is happening and having

enough information given to them through fast and vast

spread of information

Table 20. Frequency and Percentage According to Appliances

Owned

APPLIANCES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK

OWNED
Stove 82 90.11% 1
Refrigerator 69 75.82% 3
Radio 53 58.24% 5
Computer 32 35.16% 6
TV Set 82 90.11 1
Washing Machine 64 70.33 4
Table 20 shows that almost all of the families have

appliances that can keep them and help them in their daily

lives. It also means that people go with the evolution of

technology and has knowledge on it.

Table 21. Frequency and Percentage According to Use of
Iodized Salt

USE OF IODIZED FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

SALT
Yes 74 81.32%
No 17 18.68%
TOTAL: 91 100%

Table 21 shows that there are more families using

Iodized salt with a percentage of 81.32. While there are

families who are not using Iodized Salt with a percentage of

18.68. This implies that the families using Iodized salt

have adequate balanced Iodine in the body to reduce the

chance to have iodine deficiency and for the families who do

not use iodize salt may have chance to acquire thyroid

glands problem specifically in the goiter.

Table 22. Frequency and Percentage According to Toilet

Facilities

TOILET FACILITIES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Flush/Pour Flush 80 87.91%
Toilet
Pit Privy 11 12.09%
TOTAL: 91 100%

Table 22 shows that there are more families using

Flush/Pour Flush Toilet with a percentage of 87.91 than Pit

Privy with a percentage of 12.09. This implies that some

families have the possibility to acquire disease easily like

diarrhea, hyperthermia etc.

Table 23. Frequency and Percentage According to Drainage

System

DRAINAGE SYSTEM FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Open 4 4.40%
Close 87 95.60%
TOTAL: 91 100%
 Table 23 shows that there are many houses in Liteng

that has closed drainage near to their houses with a

percentage of 95.60 while few families have open drainage

system near their houses with a percentage of 4.40. The open

drainage system poses a health threat to the families around

the drainage.

Table 24. Frequency and Percentage According to

Garbage/Refuse Disposal

GARBAGE DISPOSAL FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE RANK

City Garbage 91 100 1
Collection
Burning 1 1.10% 3
Burying/Composting 21 23.08% 2
“Wrap and Throw” 1 1.10% 3
Table 24 shows that all of the families interviewed are

disposing their waste at the City Garbage Collection but 1

family is still burning their Garbage. About 23.08% of the

families are burying/composting but 1 family is wrapping and

throwing their garbage anywhere. Burning and wrap and throw

present a health threat to the community and to the

environment.

Table 25. Frequency and Percentage According to Segregation

of Garbage from biodegradable to non-biodegradable

SEGREGATION OF FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

GARBAGE
Yes 84 92.31%
No 7 7.69%
TOTAL: 91 100%

Table 25 above shows that most of the people living in

Liteng, Pacdal are segregating their garbage. The people are

aware that proper disposing of waste is good to their health

and also into their environment. Garbage segregation is the

way of detaching the garbage from biodegradable (nabubulok),

non-biodegradable (di nabubulok) and recyclables. This is

also a picture of showing cooperation to their community.

Table 26. Frequency and Percentage According to Vegetable

Garden

VEGETABLE GARDEN FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

No 59 64.84%
Yes 32 35.16%
TOTAL: 91 100%

Table 26 shows that 64.84% of the people in the

community do not practicing “Gulay sa Paso” because they

know what’s the benefit of it and only 35.16% are practicing

it because they have the knowledge what’s the benefit of it

like if they are in a very far place they have the garden to

gather vegetable for their food.

Table 27. Frequency and Percentage According to Herbal

Medicine Garden

HERBAL MEDICINE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

GARDEN
No 70 76.92%
Yes 21 23.08%
TOTAL: 91 100%

Table 27 shows that only 23.08% of the families that

are surveyed has herbal medicine and 76.92% don’t have. Most

of the people in Liteng, Pacdal don’t practice “botika sa

paso” this means that most of them are dependent from using

medicines coming from the drugstores for the reason that it

is accessible and don’t need time to prepare like the herbal

plants.

Table 28. Frequency and Percentage According to What

Institution they go for Consultation

INSTITUTION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Health Center 79 37%
Government 68 32%
Hospital
Private Hospital 38 18%
Private Physician 24 11%
Hilot 4 2%
Table 28 shows that 37.08% of the people are going to health

center because of their reason that it is accessible and

they are offering a free health service, followed by the

government hospital which is 31.09% of the community are

going followed by the Private hospital with the percentage

of 17.84% and by the Private physician with the percentage

of 11.26% and lastly, by the Hilot with the percentage of

only 4%.

Table 29. Frequency and Percentage According to Visitation

of the Health Center

VISITATION OF THE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

HEALTH CENTER
With Schedule 44 49%
Once a Month 14 15%
Once a Week 13 14%
Doesn’t Visit 12 13%
If Sick 8 9%
TOTAL: 91 100%
Table 29 shows that 48.35% are visiting the health

center with schedule in some reasons, like of being busy to

their household chores and if there is an immunization

program for their children. Followed by 15.38% of a “once a

month visitation” and “once a week” visitation with the

percentage of 14.28% and 13.18% do not visiting the health

center and only 8.79% are visiting the health center if they

are sick.

Table 30. Frequency and Percentage According to Health

Workers in the Health Center

HEALTH WORKERS IN FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

THE HEALTH CNETER
Physician 91 22%
Nurse 91 22%
Midwife 87 21%
Dentist 83 20%
Barangay Health 38 9%
Workers
Medical 19 5%
Technologist

Table 31. Frequency and Percentage According to Visitation

to the Dentist

VISITATION TO THE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

DENTIST
Yes 72 79.12%
No 19 20.88%
TOTAL: 91 100%
Table 31 shows that 79.12% of families in the community

visit the dentist while 20.88% percent of the families

don’t. This indicates that the need for emphasis of the

importance of a regular visitation to the dentist should be

made to the families of the barangay.

Table 32. Frequency and Percentage According to How

Often They Visit a Dentist

HOW OFTEN DO YOU FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

VISIT A DENTIST
Only if there are 58 63.74%
problems
Doesn’t Visit 19 20.88%
Twice a year 7 7.69%
Once a year 7 7.69%
TOTAL: 91 100%
 In table 32 shows that 63.74% of the families visit the

dentist if the presentation of oral discomfort arises and

20.88% of other families don’t visit the dentist at all.

While 7.69% of families visit twice a year and 7.69% of

other families visit the dentist once a year. This indicates

that the barangay must be informed of the significance of

setting appointments to the dentist on a regular schedule

and educated of the importance of maintaining oral hygiene

and the prevention of future problems.

Table 33. Frequency and Percentage According to Diagnosed

and Undiagnosed Illness in the Family for the past 2 years

ILLNESS IN THE FAMILY DIAGNOSED PERCENTAGE

DIAGNOSED
Wounds 42 21%
Hypertension 37 19%
Respiratory Tract 23 12%
Infection
Diarrhea 21 11%
Urinary Tract 21 11%
Infection
Arthritis 12 6%
Diabetes 10 5%
Dog Bite 8 4%
Skin disease 5 2%
Goiter 4 2%
Heart Disease 4 2%
Anemia 4 2%
Asthma 2 1%
Cancer 1 0.5%
Kidney disease 1 0.5%
Stroke 1 0.5%
Epilepsy 1 0.5%

Table 33 shows that 21% of the families have Wounds to

be the most common illness that occur in families of the

barangay. Followed by Hypertension, Respiratory Tract

Infection, UTI and others. This implies that the

implementation of health teachings to the community about

proper wound care and prevention of infection must be

focused on. As well as how to better improve the

surroundings of the community to prevent the attainment of

Wounds.

Table 34. Frequency According to Children 0-5 y/o

Immunizations

Total Population of Children 0-5 years old = 36

IMMUNIZATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

BCG 36 100%
HEPATITIS B 36 100%
PENTA 5 1st dose 36 100%
nd
2 dose 36 100%
3rd dose 34 94%
st
Oral Polio Vaccine 1 dose 34 94%
nd
2 dose 34 94%
3rd dose 34 94%
Inactive Polio Vaccine 34 94%
Pneumococcal Conjugate 34 94%
Vaccine 1st dose
2nd dose 34 94%
rd
3 dose 33 92%
Measles, Mumps, Rubella 1st 32 89%
dose
2nd dose 30 83%
Vitamin A 33 92%

Table 34 based on 36 under 5 children shows that all

have been given their BCG vaccine and Hepatitis B vaccines

which are requisites to the National Immunization Program.

all have also taken their 1st and 2nd doses of Penta 5 which

means they are no less than 10 weeks old (2 ½ months). The

following immunizations vary in the specific age groups the

immunization are given. This implies that the community is

knowledgeable of the scheduled months their children will

receive the immunizations and their significance. Regular

monitoring should be focused on to make sure that the

children in the community are receiving these immunizations.

Table 35. Frequency According to Immunization of Mothers

with Tetanus Diphtheria

Total Population of Mothers with Under Five Children=34

TETANUS DIPHTHERIA FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

TD 1 34 100%
TD 2 32 94%
TD 3 26 76%
TD 4 20 59%
TD 5 17 50%

Table 35 above, all mothers with under 5 children were

only able to have 2 doses of Tetanus Toxoid and the

succeeding doses vary in frequency. Tetanus Toxoid vaccine

is given during pregnancy to protect the mother and child

from getting Tetanus Infection. However, the data shows that

after pregnancy the some of the mothers have stopped having

their Tetanus Vaccine having the wrong notion that the first

and second dose are enough to fully immunize them.

Graph 36. Frequency and Percentage According to Family

Planning Acceptor

Family Planning Acceptor

80%
70% 67%
60%
50%
40% 33%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Yes No

Family Planning Acceptor

Yes = 61 out of 91 families

No = 30 out of 91 families
 The graph 36 shows that the majority of the families are

family planning acceptors however the remaining 33% percent

shows those who do not accept family planning which shows

there is still a risk for increase number in pregnancy.

Family planning helps couples practice birth spacing which

not only helps the mother to have optimal health but also

helps the family to plan and be able to provide the needs of

their children. Non-acceptors belonged to the age groups 50

above and 21 below.

Table 37. Frequency and Percentage According to Family

Planning Methods

METHOD USED FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Pills 24 39.34%
BTL 13 21.31%
Injectable 13 21.31%
Condom 5 8.20%
Rhythm 2 3.28%
BBT 2 3.28%
IUD 1 1.64%
LAM 1 1.64%
TOTAL: 61 100%

Table 37 shows that the majority of the methods used of

respondents for family planning method are contraceptive

pills with 39.34%. Next comes Bilateral Tubal Ligation and

Injectables with 21.31% each. Condoms come in third with

8.20%. Fourth comes Rhythm and Basal Body Temperature with

3.28% each

Graph 38. Frequency and Percentage According to Duration of

Breastfeeding to Under Five Children

 BREASTFEEDING
40%

35%

30%

25%

20%
36%
15% 31%
25%
10%

5%
5%
0%
4 Months 6 Months 1 Year 2 Years

Graph 39 shows that mothers are aware of the importance

of breastfeeding and were able to breastfeed their children.

However, one child was not breastfed because of the absence

of the mother. This implies that most mothers of the under

five children that were interviewed are aware of the

importance of breastfeeding.

Table 39. Frequency and Percentage According to Duration of

Breastfeeding to Under Five Children

AGE FOOD WAS

INTRODUCED TO THE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
CHILD
6 Months 25 71.43%
7 Months 4 11.43%
4 Months 3 8.57%
1 year 3 8.57%
TOTAL: 35 100%

The table 39 shows that 71% or 25 out of 35 under-five

children had food introduced to them at 6 months of age.

Four children or 11% had food introduced to them at 7 months

of age. Children of both 4 months and 12 months of age had 3

each or 9%. This implies that almost all of the mothers

knew the importance of introducing other food besides milk

to their babies.

Table 40. Frequency and Percentage According to Barangay

Celebrations

BARANGAY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

CELEBRATIONS
Yes 84 92%
No 7 8%
TOTAL: 91 100%

The table 40 shows that 84 out of 91 families stated that

there are barangay celebrations celebrated in Pacdal covers

92% of the total families interviewed. And 7 out of 91

families or 8% stated that there are none. This implies the

need for better dissemination of information in order for

the community to be aware and be able to participate.

Graph 41. Frequency and Percentage According to

Implementation of Barangay Ordinance

Barangay Ordinances
120%
100%
80%
60%
99%
40%
20%
0% 1%
YES NO
Barangay Ordinances
 The table 41 shows that 90 out of 91 families or 99%

stated that there are ordinances observed by the barangay.

And 1 out of 91 families or 1% stated that there are none.

This implies that there is a need for better dissemination

of information in order for the community to be aware of the

ordinances to be implemented.

Table 42. Frequency and Percentage According to List of

Ordinances in the Barangay

BARANGAY ORDINANCES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Aso ko, Tali Ko 62 23%
Tapat Ko, Linis Ko 49 18%
No Smoking 49 18%
Waste Segregation 49 18%
No to Drugs 38 14%
Curfew 11 4%
No parking 8 3%
Bawal Magtapon Dito 3 1%
Bawal Umihi Dito 3 1%
The table 42 shows the multiple responses of 91

respondents when asked about the different ordinances

observed by the barangay. There were 62 families who stated

Aso Ko, Tali Ko, 49 each for Tapat Ko, Linis Ko, No Smoking

and Waste Segregation, and 38 for No TO Drugs. There were 11

who stated Curfew, 8 for No Parking, and 3 for Bawal

Magtapon Dito and Bawal Umihi Dito. This implies that most

of the respondents in the community are aware of ordinances

Aso ko, Tali ko, Tapat ko, linis ko, No Smoking, Waste

Segregation and No to drugs. However, ordinances like Bawal

magtapon dito, Bahal umihi dito, No parking and Curfew needs

more implementation.

Table 43. Frequency and Percentage According to Who Convenes

to Discuss/Solve the Problems in the Barangay

IF THERE ARE
PROBLEMS IN THE
BARANGAY WHO
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
CONVENES TO
DISCUSS/SOLVE THE
PROBLEM
Punong Barangay 88 96.70%
Community 24 26.37%
Organization
Church Officials 7 7.69%
Non-Government 9 9.89%
Representatives
Elders 7 7.69%
Table 43 shows the frequency and percentage of who

convenes to discuss/solve the problem in the barangay. The

Punong Barangay is the most frequent who convenes the

meeting in the barangay with 96.70% followed by the

Community Organizations with 26.37%. This implies that the

people knew who to contact or who to talk with if there are

problems concerning the barangay.

Table 44. Frequency and Percentage According to Barangay

Organization

ARE THERE
ORGANIZATIONS IN FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
YOUR BARANGAY?
Yes 91 100%
No 0 0%
TOTAL: 91 100%
Table 44 shows that all of the 91 families knew that

there are organizations in their barangay which implies that

the barangay have a lot of help coming from this

organizations.

Table 45. Frequency and Percentage According to what are the

Barangay Organizations

WHAT ARE THE

BARANGAY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
ORGANIZATIONS
Youth 45 49.45%
Organizations
Women’s 49 53.85%
Organization
Senior Citizen 48 52.74%
Organization
Farmer’s 29 31.87%
Organization
Church 12 13.19%
Organization
Driver’s 8 8.79%
Organization
Community 6 6.59%
Organization
Table 45 shows that most of the respondents are aware

of the women’s organization with 54% followed by senior

citizen organization with 53% and other organizations in the

community. This implies that the families in the community

are well informed and there are different organizations

available to everyone in the community.

Table 46. Frequency and Percentage According to Ranking of

Who Convenes to Discuss/Solve the Problems in the Barangay

RANKING IN WHO
CONVENES TO
DISCUSS/SOLVE THE FREQUENCY RANKING
PROBLEM IN THE
BARANGAY
Punong Barangay 88 1
Community 24 2
Organization
Non-Government 9 3
Representatives
Church Officials 7 4
Elders 7 4

Table 46 shows that Punong Barangay is the first in the

ranking of who convenes to solve problems in the barangay

followed by community organizations and non-government

representatives. This implies that the local government is

well prepared in terms of problem solving for the betterment

of the barangay.

Table 47. Frequency and Percentage According to Effectivity

in getting a Majority Decision during Organization Meetings

IS THE COMMUNITY
MEETING EFFECTIVE
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
IN GETTING
MAJORITY DECISION?
Yes 90 98.90%
No 1 1.10%
TOTAL: 91 100%
Table 47 shows that almost all of the families knew

that the organizational meetings are effective in terms of

getting a majority decision. This implies that the local

government is organized in meetings and people can see the

outcomes of the meetings.

Table 48. Frequency and Percentage According to Attendance

in Barangay Meetings

DOES YOUR FAMILY

ATTENDS IN FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
BARANGAY MEETINGS
Does not Attend 38 41.76%
Attends Regularly 27 29.67%
Attends 26 28.57%
Irregularly
TOTAL: 91 100%
Table 48 shows that 41.76% of the community people do

not attend in meetings in the barangay while 29.67% attends

regularly. This implies that most of the people in the

barangay are not well informed about the happenings in the

barangay.

Table 49. Frequency and Percentage According to

Participation in Barangay Projects/Programs

DOES YOUR FAMLIY

PARTICIPATE IN
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
BARANGAY
PROJECTS/PROGRAMS
Does not 38 41.76%
Participate
Participate 27 29.67%
Irregularly
Participate 26 28.57%
Regularly
TOTAL: 91 100%
 The table 49 shows that 41.76% does not participate in

barangay programs and 29.67% of them participate irregularly

while 28.57% of them participate regularly. This implies

that the community has more inactive participants than those

of active participants and there is a need to encourage the

community to actively participate.

Table 50. Frequency and Percentage According to

Participation in Electoral Process

PARTICIPATION IN
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
ELECTORAL PROCESS
All qualified 60 65.93%
voters
Most qualified 16 17.58%
voters
Only household 13 14.28%
head
No member of the 2 2.21%
household
TOTAL: 91 100%
The table 50 shows that the people are exercising their

legal right to vote as a citizen. All qualified voters is

66%, most qualified voters is 18%, 14% of the 91 respondents

says that only household head votes. This implies that most

of the community people are participating in electoral

processes and practicing their right to vote and choose

their own government officials.

Table 51. Frequency and Percentage According to Services and

Programs Offered by the Barangay

SERVICES AND PROGRAMS FREQUENCY

LIVELIHOOD
 NO 74
 YES 17
MEDICAL ASSISSTANCE
 YES 79
 NO 12
EDUCATIONAL ASSISSTANCE
  NO 81
 YES 10
ALS
 NO 88
 YES 3
JOB OPPORTUNITIES
 NO 86
 YES 5
LEGAL ASSISSTANCE
 NO 82
 YES 8
INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
 NO 83
 YES 8
DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
 NO 82
 YES 9
INFORMATION DRIVE
 NO 83
 YES 8
FOOD TRAINING
 NO 90
 YES 1
The table 51 shows the tally of people availing

services of the barangay. 79 of them are availing the

medical center while only one availed the food training. The

community people are taking precaution methods about their

health by going to the health center, they use their

resources very well.

Table 52. Frequency According to Educational Services in the

Barangay

EDUCATIONAL FREQUENCY PRIVATE GOVERNMENT

SERVICES IN OWNED OWNED
THE BARANGAY
Day Care 91 0 91
Center
Primary 91 0 91
School
Elementary 91 0 91
School
Table 52 shows the educational services in the

barangay, the 91 respondents knows that there is a daycare

center, primary school and elementary school in the barangay

which is government owned. This implies that the families

are aware of the government owned educational facilities

that the barangay and majority of them avails the services.

Table 53. Frequency and Percentage According to Recreational

Centers in the Barangay

WHAT ARE THE

RECREATIONAL
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
CENTERS IN YOUR
BARANGAY?
Park 91 100%
Play ground 73 80.22%
Sport Center 40 43.96%
The table 53 shows that 100% of the community people

knows that there is a park in the barangay, 80.22% of them

knows that there is a playground in the barangay and 43.96%

knows that there is a sports center in the barangay. This

implies that the families interviewed are aware of the

recreational centers in the barangay and utilizes the

facilities.

Table 54. Frequency and Percentage According to

Seminars/Trainings the Family has attended for the last

2 years

HAVE ANY OF YOUR

MEMBERS ATTENDED
FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
ANY SEMINARS OR
TRAININGS?
No 73 80.22%
Yes 18 19.78%
TOTAL: 91 100
The table 54 above shows the percentage and frequency

of people attended seminars and 19.78% have attended any

seminars while 80.22% have not attended any seminars. This

implies the need for proper dissemination of information

regarding seminars in order for more people to attend.

Table 55. Frequency and Percentage According to the Type of

Seminar/Training

Number of people Attended Seminars= 18

TYPE OF RANK
SEMINARS/ FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
TRAINING
Health and 17 51.52% 1
Sanitation
Family and 7 21.21% 2
Human Relations
Waste 3 9.09% 3
Management
Livelihood 2 6.06% 4
Food Processing 2 6.06% 4
Education and 1 3.03% 5
Literacy
Security and 1 3.03% 5
Safety

Table 55 shows that there were a total of 33 types of

seminars given frequently in relation to health and

sanitation. However, there were no seminars in accordance to

computer as well as legal matters/concerns which may be a

topic that needs to be considered in this area. This implies

that there is a need to further inform families about

seminars conducted in order for more families to attend.

Table 56. Frequency and Percentage Distribution According to

Sponsoring Agency of Seminars/Trainings Attended

SPONSORING AGENCY FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Governments 10 55.56%
Agencies (e.g.
DOH, DOLE)
Employer 4 22.21%
Own Expense 3 16.67%
Private Agency 1 5.56%
TOTAL: 18 100%
On the other hand, there were a total of 18 sponsoring

agencies. 10/18 was from the government agencies including

DOH and DOLE which is not surprising since there are several

programs offered by the government. This implies that

government agencies, along with the private sectors conduct

seminars sponsored by them for the people of the community

for the improvement of the barangay.

Table 57. Frequency and Percentage Distribution According to

Barangay Police Roaming at Night

DO YOU HAVE
BARANGAY POLICE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
ROAMING AT NIGHT?
Yes 56 61.54%
No 35 38.46%
TOTAL: 91 100%

When respondents were asked if there are barangay

police roaming at night 56(61.54%) of them answered yes
while 35(38.46%) stated no. This implies that most of the
area in the barangay where the family interviewed resides
does not have police roaming at night and those families
have the need for night patrols for their safety and
security.

Table 58. Frequency and Percentage Distribution According to

the Lighting of Streets at Night

ARE YOUR STREETS
WELL LIGHTED AT FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
NIGHT?
Yes 67 73.63%
No 24 26.37%
TOTAL: 91 100%

Table 58 shows that when asked when their streets are

well-lighted at nights, almost ¾ answered yes more than ¼

answered no. This implies that most areas in the barangay

are not lit and there is a need for additional lighting in

streets.

Table 59. Frequency Distribution According to

Problems/Concerns of the Barangay at present

PROBLEMS FREQUENCY
Dark pathways/no lights 1
Improper waste management 5
No patrol 1
Dogs 1
Cracked stairs/pathways 1
Peace and order 2
Road 2
Water 2
Health and Sanitation 1
Table 59 shows the problems in the barangay perceived

by the people. Waste disposal management is first with the

frequency of 3 followed by peace and order and road. No

streetlights, no patrol, untied dogs, cracked pathways and

health and sanitation have only one frequency. This implies

problems that the families interviewed see in the barangay

that concerns them.

Table 60. Recommendations by the People about the Problems

in the Barangay
RECOMMNEDATIONS FREQUENCY
Proper disposal of garbage 5
More street lights 1
Patrol 1
Ant-rabies for dogs 1
Improvement of 1
stairs/pathways

Table 60 shows the recommendation of the people to the

barangay about their concerns about the environment. The 5

people suggested proper disposal of garbage since there are

untied dogs. The people also want to have more patrol and

street lights at night for them to feel safe walking at

night. Also, they suggested anti rabies for dogs and

improvement of pathways to reduce incidents of dog bite and

incidents of fall and wounds. This implies that there are

families that have concerns about the barangay regarding the

environment, the lighting safety, and the presence of stray

dogs which they believe needs action from the barangay.

 CHAPTER IV

Pre-entry phase

In the preparation of our first exposure to our

assigned community, we underwent a lecture for three days

covering the purpose and principles of the home visit

including Community Health Nursing, Community Health Nursing

Process, Family Planning, Community Organizing towards

Community participation in Health, Epidemiology, National

Immunization Program and the programs of the DOH,

Communicable and Non-communicable diseases and others topics

of importance. We were also made to be familiarized with the

Bag Technique to help us as save time and energy, and to

avoid taking too much of the clients’ time while rendering

care to the family and as well as knowledgeable on the

contents of the OB bag.

We were also taught the proper approach upon visiting

the family to avoid and misunderstandings during our time

with the client. In communication with the Pacdal Health

Center we were informed our assigned focus area was Barangay

Liteng. They gave us a brief introduction about the area and

its recipients believing that the community was in need of

our assistance and that we can be able to further enhance

our skills and knowledge in Community Health Nursing. After

parting ways with our Clinical Instructor, Mrs. Jocelyn

Apalla we proceeded to collect our secondary data for the

purpose of research and were given a brief background about

the site as well.

Entry Phase

On the first day of our visit to our assigned barangay,

we had first done our courtesy call at the Pacdal Health

Center and in the barangay and had submitted our Community

Letter to the Barangay.

The midwife, Ms Erenia S. Sumcad, of the Pacdal Health

Center oriented us on the physical set up , the services

offer in the Health Centter and their schedules, and as well

as the personnel of the Health Center. The barangay official

of Barangay Pacdal led by Punong Barangay Roberto V. Medina

Gave us advice and suggestions in order to successfully and

more effectively accomplish our task in Community Health

Nursing. Afterwards upon arrival our Clinical Instructor,

Mrs Jocelyn Appala, oriented and provided our group with the

information and instructions for the activities that will be

conducted in the duration of the time we will be spending in

our assigned barangay, proceeded our ocular survey of the

site and assigned us in to our two-man groups before

dispersing.
 We began to focus first on the establishment of rapport

to the recipients’ of the community making our presence

known amongst them, while integrating with the community. It

was easier for us to communicate to our clients’ if we were

able to provide understanding, recognition and acceptance to

the ways of life in the community, and sharing with them the

experiences with their lifestyles, hardships, concerns and

problems, their personal insights and aspirations for

improvements in the community to attain a better, healthier

community. This helped us build mutual trust and

cooperation.

Afterwards, we began conducting our door-to-door home

visits. We communicated and mingled with the families,

gathering various secondary data and statistics with regards

to the community and health. After completing our survey

forms, part of our duty as a community health nurse was to

identify and recognise the health threats, health deficits

and family health problems. During this phase, we identified

the health deficits and other problems facing the families

of the community. Using the theories and knowledge we had

attained in our lecture, we began to render the assistance

needed, such as health teachings and nursing interventions

they required in the best of our abilities and knowledge. We

took the clients vital signs, as well as provided them with

health teaching such as proper hand washing techniques,

Proper segregation of wastes and maintenance of their

environment, the importance of completing Immunizations for

the children and mothers and the importance of meeting the

nutritional needs of the body. As well as informing families

of the services offered by the health center and their

schedule.

RECOMMENDATION

The NBB2 group 2 would like to recommend the following:

For the UNIVERSITY OF BAGUIO, they would to recommend

if they continuously support the Community Health Nursing

exposure of the students to the BARANGAY in need.

For Barangay PACDAL, to the officials and especially to

Barangay Captain Roberto T. Medina to continue the good work

done and continue to give due attention to things such as

street lights, garbage and the loads.

To the Barangay Health workers, they recommend that

they continue the campaign on healthy lifestyle specially

houses that is hard to reach. Also, if possible to provide

street lights at night, to collect garbage to the place that

hard to reach, and to construct the roads for the safety of

the people in the community.

 For the next group of students, they would like to

recommend the following:

First, continuity of care should be delivered to the

families through home visit.

Second, medical assistance should be facilitated.

Third, lecture on proper nutrition be done.

Fourth, to refer clients who need special or immediate

care to the proper agencies.

Fifth, reinforce the health teaching regarding the

importance of the environmental sanitation.

Sixth, enhance communication skills by learning Ilocano

dialect.

Seventh, to coordinate with the Barangay officials with

regards to the problems of the community which needs due

attention.

Eight, to coordinate with the Barangay health workers

for the proper endorsement of health cases which need

immediate attention and for the data-update of DOH.

 CONCLUSION

Community health nursing is without a doubt a very

challenging job with all the data gathering, uphill hiking,

information dissemination, rendering care to each and

everyone in the community but these are not just the work of

a community health nurse, it is only just to name a few.

Because of that, community health nursing requires passion

and love for the community, coupled by endurance and

patience. With all the requirements a community health nurse

must have, it is the right place for student nurses to test

their patience and endurance.

Community health nursing deals with different kinds of

people who differ in culture, belief, traditions, behavior,

attitude, upbringing, especially in health practices.

Student nurses must be flexible as well as sensitive in

approaching the people of the community in order to learn

and understand them. Student nurses learn to respect

whatever beliefs they have.

The objectives laid by the group before immersing themselves

in the community was successfully achieved by the group.

They were able to assess and evaluate contributing factors

in problems they were able to determine different problems

each household in the community were experiencing. It was

determined that some of the factors of health problems

experienced by families was either inherited, due to poor

sanitation, lifestyle, diet, stress or even because of

economic reasons.

One of the barangay’s strength is their capability to cater

to families. They have the resources and they have enough

Health care providers that could render care to the families

in the community. However, the barangay’s weakness is poor

dissemination of information. They were not able to hand out

information to the barangay because there are residents who

are not aware of the services of the barangay. Health care

providers have to notice that not everyone in the barangay

are not aware of the services rendered by the center. They

consult to private physicians even if they financially

unstable because of lack of information.

Because of this exposure, the students were able to learn

and appreciate the importance of proper dissemination of

information through community immersion and home visits.

They were able to realize how essential it is to inform the

community about the services the barangay offers and how

they could utilize the resources available in the community.

 INSIGHTS

Community duty is one of the highlights of being a

student nurse. It is where student nurses immerse themselves

with the community and know them first hand. Interacting and
communicating with different kinds of families while

interviewing them enables students to learn many things by

experience.

On the 29th day of March, 2018, a group of second year

students from the University of Baguio, School of Nursing,

had their first day of Community Duty in Liteng, Pacdal,

Baguio City. Although unfamiliar with the area, the students

researched on-line for information about the place. They

also learned a lot during the Barangay Health Center

orientation and Barangay Pacdal courtesy call. After the

orientation and courtesy call, the group immersed themselves

in Liteng where they met different kinds of family. The

group conducted surveys, assessed the situation of the

family, and also provided health teachings and health care

for those in need of nursing care. Good communication is

vital in interacting with the families. As well as respect,

courtesy and sensitivity to how they are responding.

This experience allowed the group to enhance their

communication skills. It allowed them to apply the skills,

theories and principles learned in school as well as adapt

after being exposed in the area. They learned the essence of

nursing when they walked through streets no matter how high

or steep the uphill was and went through even the smallest

alleyways just to reach the family and render nursing care.

The experience inspired and motivated the group to pursue

with their profession not only as professionals but as

competent and compassionate future nurses.