CARAGA REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL

San Juan, Surigao City

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

Name: _______________________________________ Section: ____________

Date: ________________________________________

Activity 2
Activity Title: Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

Learning Target:
1.) discuss different community-based practices for managing disaster risk to specific hazards
2.) Develop a community preparedness plan

I. CONCEPT NOTES

Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (CBDRM) is defined as “a process in which at-risk
communities are actively engaged in the identification, analysis, treatment, monitoring and evaluation of disaster
risks in order to reduce their vulnerabilities and enhance their capacities” (ADPC 2003).

Emergency Planning and Management

The diagram below presents the four phases of emergency planning. This continuum serves as guide in designing
an emergency plan for the family and the community.

Prevention & Mitigation

Efforts to reduce the
effects or risks associated
with hazards

Rehabilitation & Recovery
Actions taken after an
emergency to restore and
resume normal operations
Continuity
Actions taken to protect
the campus mission form
disruption.
Preparedness
Actions taken prior to an
emergency to facilitate
response and promote
readiness

Response
Actions taken during an
emergency to save lives,
property and the
environment

To better understand how this applies to disaster planning, the following are the roles and overall goals of some
government agencies in the context of the 4 thematic areas.

DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
GOAL: Avoid hazards and mitigate their potential impacts by reducing vulnerabilities and exposure and enhancing
capacities of communities
• Reduce vulnerabilities and exposure of communities to health hazards
• Enhance capacities of communities to reduce their own risks and cope with the impacts of all hazards

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
GOAL: Establish and strengthen capacities of communities to anticipate, cope and recover from the negative
impacts of emergency occurrences and disasters
 • Increase level of awareness of the community to threats and impacts of all hazards
• Equip the community with necessary skills to cope with the negative impacts of a disaster
• Increase the capacity of a community
• Develop and implement disaster preparedness policies and plans
• Strengthen partnership among all key stakeholders

DISASTER RESPONSE
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT
GOAL: Provide life preservation and meet the basic subsistence needs of affected population based in acceptable
standards during or immediately after a disaster
1. Decrease the number of preventable deaths and injuries
2. Provide basic subsistence needs of affected population
3. Immediately restore basic social services

DISASTER REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY

NATIONAL ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
GOAL: Restore and improve facilities, livelihood and living conditions and organization capacities of affected
communities, and reduce disaster risks in accordance with the ”build back better” principle
1. Restore people’s means of livelihood and continuity of economic activities
2. Restore shelter and other installations
3. Reconstruct infrastructure and other public utilities
4. Assist in the physical and psychological rehabilitation of persons who suffered from the effects of disaster

Effectiveness of Emergency Plans

Monitoring, evaluation, and reporting are key activities for the success of an emergency plan. To respond
effectively to changing circumstances and new information, a local government unit (LGU) must have a way to
assess emergency planning progress on objectives and outcomes and initiate corrective action where required.
Below is the diagram that shows the interrelation of monitoring, evaluating, and reporting as basis for
improvement of an implemented community emergency plan.

Monitor Evaluate Reporting

Improve
Early Warning System

Early warning systems is now composed of four phases:

 Monitoring of precursors
 Forecasting of a probable event
 Notification of a warning
 Onset of emergency response activities

(For more info, please refer to your pictures of the DRRR book pages 102 to 105 or you can search on the
internet)

II. LEARNING EXPERIENCE

Task # 1.
Identify which emergency plan phase a particular activity falls under
1. Risk and hazard maps -
2. Strengthen rescue operations -
3. Disaster Risk Reduction in school curricula -
4. Design and construction of resilient school buildings -
5. More efficient insurance system -
6. Increase community capacities -
Below is one of the best practices in disaster risk reduction management in the Philippines which focuses more on
promoting prevention:

Task # 2.
Write the following in a separate sheet of bond paper.
1. Please research more best practices in disaster risk reduction not just in the Philippines but in other countries as
well. (Please write one in the same format as above)
2. Choose a particular hazard, then with the four phases of emergency plan in mind formulate a disaster plan in
your community or school by thinking of at least two activities for each phase.