Day 1

Quarter 1, MELC 2: Use conditionals in expressing arguments

QUARTER 1 WEEK 2

MELC 2: Using conditionals in expressing arguments.

Day 1
Quarter 1, MELC 2: Use conditionals in expressing arguments

Sub-competencies/Sub-tasks:
1. Determine the use of first conditional sentence
2. Identify the form of the first conditional sentence
3. Write zero conditional sentences

What You Should Know

Conditional sentences are also known as conditional clauses. They are used to express that the action in the
main clause can only take place if a certain condition is fulfilled. The conditional sentence, therefore, is composed
of two clauses. The if-clause, which expresses the condition and the main clause that expresses the result of the
action stated in the if-clause. There are four types of conditional sentences but our focus will be the zero
conditional sentence.

ZERO CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

The zero conditional is used when the time being referred to is now or always and the situation is real and
possible. The zero conditional is often used to refer to general truths. The tense in both parts of the sentence is the
simple present. In zero conditional sentences, the word "if" can usually be replaced by the word "when" without
changing the meaning.
Sentence Structure

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

If + subject + simple present tense Subject + simple present tense
If you heat ice, it melts
If it rains, the grass gets wet

Note: We can also reverse the two parts of a conditional sentence without changing its idea. And “if” in the
conditional sentence can usually be replaced by ‘when’ without changing the meaning.

If it rains, the grass gets wet. or When it rains, the grass gets wet.
More examples:

1. If you mix red and blue, you get purple.

2. If plants don’t get enough water, they die.

Note:
 You can change the order of the clauses. You may start the sentence with the main clause followed by the
if-clause. There is no need to use comma between the clauses.

Examples:
1. When you mix red and blue, you get purple.
2. Plants die if they don’t get enough water.
3. When plants don’t get enough water, they die.

Sources:
 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cramup/grammar/conditional-sentences
 https://www.grammarly.com.blog/conditional-sentences/
 https://www.englishteachermelanie.com/grammar-the-1st-first-conditional Retrieved July 6, 2020
Day 2
Quarter 1, MELC 2: Use conditionals in expressing arguments

Sub-competencies/Sub-tasks:
1. Determine the use of first conditional sentence.
2. Identify the structure of the first conditional sentence.
3. Write sentences using first conditional.

What I Should Know?

FIRST CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

The Type 1 or first conditional is used to refer to the present or future where the situation is real. The Type 1
conditional refers to a possible condition and its probable result. The outcome is likely (but not guaranteed) to
happen in the future. In these sentences, the verb in the if-clause (dependent clause) is in the simple present, and
the verb in the main clause (independent clause) is in the simple future.

Sentence Structure

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

If + subject + simple present tense subject + simple future tense
If you don’t hurry, you will miss the train.
If I see her, I will tell her.
More examples:

1. If you are a law-abiding citizen, you will not fear anti-terrorism bill.
2. If people are not cautious of their actions, there will be greater risk of increasing the number of COVID-19
cases.
Notes:

A. You can change the order of the clauses. You may start the sentence with the main clause followed
by the if clause. I this case, there is no need to use comma between the clauses.

Examples:
1. You will not fear anti-terrorism law if you are law-abiding citizen.
2. There will be greater risk of increasing the number of COVID -19 cases if people are not cautious
of their actions.

B. You can make one or both clauses negative.

Examples:
1. If hospitals don’t give relief to medical workers who continue to work overload, they will lose
them to COVID-19.
2. If you don’t consult a doctor when you suspect that you have Covid-19 virus, I will not know how
to treat the virus.

C. You can use other modal verb such as can, may or might instead of will.

Example:
1. If you use cell phone on longer hours, you might have health problems in the future.

Sources:
 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cramup/grammar/conditional-sentences
 https://www.grammarly.com.blog/conditional-sentences/
 https://www.englishteachermelanie.com/grammar-the-1st-first-conditional
Day 3
Quarter 1, MELC 2: Use conditionals in expressing arguments

Sub-competencies/Sub-tasks:
1. Explain the use of second conditional sentence.
2. Identify the form of the second conditional sentence.
3. Write second conditional sentences.

What You Should Know

SECOND CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

Second conditional is also known as the Present Unreal Conditional. It is used to talk about what you would
generally do in an imaginary situation. It is a structure used for talking about unreal situations in the present or in
the future. The second conditional is used to talk about things which are unreal (not true or not possible) in the
present or the future -- things which don't or won't happen. This also includes statements that are contrary to
reality.

Example:

I don’t have money.

But:
If I had money, I would buy a big house.

I don’t play the lottery.

But:
If I played the lottery, I would have a chance to hit the jackpot.

Sentence Structure

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

If + subject + simple past tense Subject + could/would + base form of verb
If I had money, I would buy a big house.
If I played the lottery, I would have a chance to hit the jackpot.

Examples:
1. If I knew his name, I would tell you.
2. We would have a lot of money if we sold our house.
3. If I didn’t have headache, I would go to the party.

Sources:
 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cramup/grammar/conditional-sentences
 https://www.grammarly.com.blog/conditional-sentences/
Day 3
Quarter 1, MELC 2: Use conditionals in expressing arguments

Sub-Competencies/Sub-tasks:
1. Determine the use of third conditional sentence.
2. Identify the structure of the third conditional sentence.
3. Write sentences using third conditional.

I. What I Should Know?

THIRD CONDITIONAL

Third conditional sentence is a structure used for talking about unreal situations in the past. It is used to
describe situation which DID NOT HAPPEN in the past and to imagine the result of this situation. It is often
used to express criticism or regret.

Sentence Structure

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

If + subject + past perfect tense Subject + could/would /might + past participle form of verb
If I had studied harder, I would have passed the test.
If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.

More Examples:
1. If they had listened to me, they could have saved themselves from the Corona Virus.
2. If I had known that we would be in global pandemic; I would have bought plenty of masks and sanitizers.
3. If President Trump had taken the COVID-19 seriously, lesser people would have died.

As with all conditionals, you can also invert this structure:

1. They would have saved themselves from the Corona Virus if they had listened to me.
2. I would have bought plenty of masks and sanitizers if I had known that we would be in global pandemic.
3. Lesser people would have died if President Trump had taken the COVID-19 seriously.

Sources:
 https://www.ego4u.com/en/cramup/grammar/conditional-sentences
 https://www.grammarly.com.blog/conditional-sentences/
 https://www.englishteachermelanie.com/grammar-the-1st-first-conditional