DELHI

Submitted by-
Muskan Rana, Radhika Khandelwal (5th Yr –B)
Delhi
INTRODUCTION
 Delhi is the capital of India. The state is
spread over an area of 1483 square
kilometre. According to the Indian
geography the state is located at the
center of the Indian subcontinent, amidst
the ranges of Himalaya and the Aravalli.

LOCATION
 The latitudinal and longitudinal location of
Delhi are 23.38 degree north and 77.13
degree east. The state stands at the
northern part of India. Haryana and Uttar
Pradesh are the other states, which share
their borders with Delhi in the west and
east respectively. Delhi geography divides
the state into three parts- the Delhi ridge,
the Yamuna flood plain and the plains.
Topography
 The topography of Delhi can be divided
into three different parts, the plains, the
Yamuna flood plain, and the ridge.
 As per the topography, Delhi is located
on the western fringes of the Gangetic
Plains.
 The other topographical feature is the
Ridge, which reaches the height of 1043
ft. above sea level, and is the highest
point in Delhi.
 There are three canals crossing it,
namely the Yamuna Canal, the Agra
Canal, and the Hindu Canal.
Demographic profile of the city
Population growth
 Delhi is most populated and the fastest growing city in the country. Since it is the
national capital, the biggest Trading centre and the largest centre for small
industries in India. A large part of is rapid growth has been due to high level of
migration.
 The annual average growth rate of population of Delhi is 3.85 as per census 2001.
It was highest during 1941 to 1951 due to large scale migration of people from
Pakistan to India after partition.
Population density
 According to census 2001, average density of population of Delhi is 9340 persons
per sq. Km against the density of population of country is 334persons per sq. Km.
 Delhi has the highest population density among the union territories.
City economic profile
 Delhi with million plus population has
one of the fastest growing economies
in India.
 With 15% average compound growth
rate Delhi's economy is driven by the
service sector.
 Its 78% of gsdp is because of service
sector which provide employment to
58% of labour class.
 Per capital income for the year 2011-
12 at current prices is estimated as
RS175812.
 Monthly per capital expenditure of
Delhi is RS 2905 in urban and RS
1761 in rural.
Urban Growth
In the planning of New Delhi in 1916, the Central Vista was conceived as a
landscaped stretch to form continuity between the ridge and the river Yamuna.

The following aspects need to be considered to arrive at the basis for policies
affecting the urban fabric-
i. Areas of significance in built environment
ii. Visual integration of the city
iii. Policy for tall buildings
iv. Policy on unhindered access movement, parking and pedestrian realm
v. Policy on Hoardings, Street furniture and Signage
vi. Urban Design Scheme
vii. Policy for design of pedestrian realm
viii. City structure plan and Urban Design objective
ix. Policy for conservation of Heritage precincts Buildings and Zones.
Policy Zones of Delhi
 NCT of Delhi
 Central National Capital Region - Central NCR
 Highway Corridor Zone
 Rest of NCR

Land use Distribution

Housing
 Housing condition is one of the important indicators of the socioeconomic
development of the country. Statistical information relating to housing condition in
quantitative terms is essential for an assessment of the overall housing needs of
the people and also for the formulation of housing policies and programmes.
 DDA commenced its housing activities in 1967 and has played a crucial role in
providing more than a million houses to the people of Delhi.

HOUSING CONDITION IN DELHI

 Housing of any place include type of structure, type of dwelling, ventilation,
bathing, latrine and electricity facilities etc.
 It also gives an account of the civic amenities at the reach of the families living in
the dwellings such as availability of drainage, garbage disposal arrangement,
approach road/lane/constructed path etc.
Types of Structures
The structure of the dwelling can be classified on the basis of material used for its
construction. Four type of structures are-
 Pucca structure
 Semi pucca structure
 Serviceable kutcha
 Unserviceable kutcha
Types of Structures
 SHEIKH SARAI HOUSING
COMPLEX, NEW DELHI, 1970
RAJ REWAL
Introduction
 Location: New Delhi, India
 Architect: Raj Rewal
 Year of Construction: 1982
 Area: 35 acres
 Total No. of Units: 550
 Density: 100 apartments/ha
 Climate: Semi arid with high
variation in summer and winter.
Monsoon in summer months.
 Client: Delhi Development
Authority (DDA)
 Affordable Housing built for Site plan of Sheikh Sarai Housing Complex
medium and low-income
Groups
Design Inspiration
 The design finds a
connection with the
historical realities of
cities of Udaipur and
Jaisalmer in Rajasthan.

 It has the characteristic

of urban fabric of India
and which are
distinguished by the
density of the town
and for the close
relationship between
open and closed
spaces.
Orientation & Spaces
ORIENTATION
 Prevailing direction accesses
northeast southwest orientation
buildings Northwest Southeast
(perpendicular to the prevailing
direction)

SPACES
 Area of intervention : 38195 sq.
meters ~ 3.82 ha
 Build up Area : 12740 sq. meters
~ 1.2 ha
 Surface parking lots: 6622 sq.
meters ~ 0.66 ha
 Green Areas : 3931 sq. meters ~
0.39 ha
Floor Plans
 Dwelling units are grouped around a courtyard
 Ground floor and First floor units are more spacious and have two
bedrooms, while the upper flats have only one bedroom
 Each unit have some kind of terrace for essential activities of Indian
domestic life.
Floor Plans
Floor Plans
Design Aspects
URBAN FABRIC
 The peripheral roads are connected to parking squares
 The central spine of the layout is reserved for narrow, shaded pedestrian
pathways
 The layout plan follows traditional methods of creating shade and cross ventilation

STREETS
 The plan of Sheikh Sarai is based on narrow shaded streets linking variety of
clusters
 The streets are broken up into smaller units, so there are pauses, points of rest
and changing vistas
Design Aspects
CLUSTERS
 Raj Rewal designed Sheikh Sarai as a series of clusters which are interrelated.
 The buildings are unified by means of similar façade treatment using sandstone grit
render, piercing of parapets, proportions of doors, deep set windows, and stone
flanking walls for the courtyard

ROOF TERRACES
 Private roof terraces and courtyards are an integral design component of housing
for the Sheikh Sarai Complex

Streets in
Sheikh Sarai
Complex
Design Aspects
TARGET AUDIENCE
 Affordable Housing built for medium and low-income Groups

BUILT FABRIC
 Low-Rise High-density walk-up apartments, clustered to create internal shaded
streets linked by gateways and open courtyards (traditional Indian architectural
elements) for public use to resemble a traditional urban settlement, and as an
expression of style of the architect.
 The gateways, a common feature within the project enabled high level of
transparency despite being a high-density development rendering it legible for the
users.
Design Details
 An important aspect of this scheme is the pattern of interrelated squares
of an intimate scale that has been created.
 While there is clear demarcation between pedestrian and vehicular spaces
within these, the movement of people within the enclosures has been
closely aligned with the access points for vehicles on the periphery.
 The scale of the various squares has been adjusted to encourage and to
serve different community activities.
 All the units have been provided with wall or parapets which have narrow
slits ensuring privacy and good ventilation.
 Although the structure is of reinforced concrete posts and beams, the
walls are of brick infill with roughcast plaster.
 This is customary for economical mass housing in the region and allows
for some modification by the users.
Design Details
AFFORDABILITY
 A new financial scheme was developed for this case which helped subsidize the
housing units for the users.
 In the Self-Financing-scheme, the allotters had to pay in 5 instalments over the
period of the construction phase. This allowed the housing authority to create
mix of units and make the project more economically viable.
 The use of locally available material was intrinsic to the nature of project and to
further bring down the cost of the project. The structure comprised of concrete
posts and beams with infill brick walls covered with rough cast plaster. This gave
the user the flexibility to modify as well.

MOVEMENT AND FLOW

 Clear demarcation of vehicular and pedestrian streets, restricting the vehicular
flow to the peripheries with few access points along the road and enhancing
pedestrian flow along the central spine puncturing the built solids. This defined
the parking spaces and flow of traffic outside of the housing clusters.
Design Details
URBAN SCAPE
 At site level, architect developed the project by employing urban strategies
of articulated flows, segregated spaces and applied the same on the site
level, resulting in a structured urban settlement.

COMMUNITY SPACES
 Fostering shared spaces for community by creating intimate courtyards connected
to each other, representing the traditional elements of Indian architecture. The
scale of these courtyards has been manipulated towards increased social activities
and interaction amongst the resident community, serving as a social facilitator.

TECHNOLOGY
 Load-bearing structure of beams and columns of reinforced concrete with brick
collision.
Design Details
COMPOSITION ACCOMMODATIONS
There are 6 different types of unit, regrouped mirroring blocks along 2assi prevalent,
ranging in area 70-120sqm, were organized into two distinct clusters, three and four
storeys in height.
The main type (B2) comprises 4 floors and consists of the following environments:
 Living area, overlooking 2 fronts
 Service areas and kitchen
 Sleeping area
 Terraces
 Each floor has one apartment, except for the top two floors of the relevance of a
just accommodation.

MATERIALS USED
 Surface coating in plaster with powdered slate, finishing in the rough, white colour.
View of Sheikh Sarai Housing Complex
THANK YOU!