BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT, DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY

SYSTEMA LAB (LBYBI12) TERM3 AY 2019-2020

NAME____________________________
Ang, Patricia Denise; Viceral, Camille Maxine Anne Date Submitted ___________________
September 13, 2020

Exercise 5

THE GREEN ALGAE

1. Chlamydomonas. Draw or attach a clear image of Chlamydomonas. Label the parts [cell wall, nucleus, one cup-
shaped chloroplast, eyespot, pyrenoid, contractile vacuole, mitochondria and two anterior flagella. Describe as
indicated.
cell wall anterior

tip
contractile flagella
nucleus vacuole
Body organization: ____________________________
unicellular (motile), filamentous, and pyriform

Shape of chloroplast: __________________________

cup-shaped

2 flagella at anterior end

Number and position of flagella: __________________
stigma
sexual and asexual (formation of zoospores)
Reproduction _________________________________
- chloroplast i Habitat (Freshwater/marine and planktic/ benthic):
_____________________________________________
freshwater and marine, planktic

pyrenoid
- image from: https://www.ruf.rice.edu/~bioslabs/studies/invertebrates/
chlamydomonas.html

https://alchetron.com/Chlamydomonas
2. Volvox . Draw or attach a clear image of Volvox showing daughter colonies. Label the parts [ mother colony,
daughter colonies or gonidia] and describe as indicated.
daughter
colonies
Body organization: ___________________________
colonial (coenobic)
mother
colony cup-shaped
Shape of chloroplast: _________________________
Number and position of flagella: 2________________
flagella pointing outwards

Reproduction _______________________________
sexual (oogamous)

Habitat (Freshwater/marine and planktic/ benthic) :

freshwater, benthic
___________________________________________
image from: https://www.britannica.com/science/Volvox

3. Spirogyra. Draw a specimen of Spirogyra showing ladder-like and lateral conjugation. Label the parts [ vegetative
cells, zygospore, conjugation pilus, chloroplast, pyrenoid, nucleus], and describe as indicated.

vegetative cells
zygospore zygospore

J
conjugation
pilus
-
I

Thallus with scalariform conjugation Thallus with lateral conjugation

image from: http://www.leermiddelen.be/en/spirogyra- image from: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
in-scalariform-conjugation-and-after-the-stage-of- photo/lateral-conjugation-spirogyra-algae-under-
conjugation-wm microscope-564088408
 BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT, DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY
SYSTEMA LAB (LBYBI12) TERM3 AY 2019-2020
pyrenoids
nucleus

th
chloroplast

Characteristics of Spirogyra
unbranched, filamentous thallus
Body organization: ___________________________
spiral arrangement
Shape of chloroplast: _________________________
Number and position of flagella: ________________
none

Reproduction _______________________________
sexual (scalariform and ladder-like)

Habitat (Freshwater/marine and planktic/ benthic) :

freshwater, benthic
___________________________________________
image from: https://www.onlinebiologynotes.com/spirogyra-
habitat-structure-reproduction-and-germination-of-
zygospore/
4. Oedogonium. Draw or attach a clear image of a specimen. Label the parts [vegetative cells, oogonium, antheridium,
oospore, chloroplast, pyrenoid, nucleus], and describe as indicated.

multicellular, unbranched, filamentous

Body organization: ___________________________
chloroplast pyrenoids net-like
Shape of chloroplast: _________________________

i
oogonium
"
I
Number and position of flagella: ________________
none
oospore
Reproduction _______________________________
asexual and sexual (oogamous)
nucleus
, Habitat (Freshwater/marine and planktic/ benthic) :
freshwater, benthic
___________________________________________
vegetative
cell t t '
antheridium
image from: https://search.library.wisc.edu/digital/AFPZ66L5WR3O6G83
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oedogonium

5. Desmids. Draw or attach a clear image of a specimen, label the parts [semi-cells, isthmus, nucleus, chloroplast] and
describe as indicated.

%
chloroplast
semi-cell
nucleus Body organization: ___________________________
unicellular, filamentous

nucleus folded
Shape of chloroplast: _________________________
isthmus
absent
Number and position of flagella: ________________
isthmus
chloroplast semi- asexual (zoospores), sexual (oogamous)
Reproduction _______________________________
. cell
Habitat (Freshwater/marine and planktic/ benthic) :
freshwater, benthic
___________________________________________
Closterium Cosmarium image from: https://search.library.wisc.edu/digital/A6NULWFL62HKJQ8P
 BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT, DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY
SYSTEMA LAB (LBYBI12) TERM3 AY 2019-2020

6. Chara. Draw or attach a clear image of a specimen, label the parts [node, internode, bracts, nucule, globule,
oogonium, antheridium], and describe as indicated.

bract nucule
oogonium
internodes Body organization: ___________________________
branched thallus

Shape of chloroplast: _________________________

discoid
node none
Number and position of flagella: ________________
sexual
Reproduction _______________________________
Habitat (Freshwater/marine and planktic/ benthic)
freshwater
___________________________________________
image from: https://phys.org/news/2018-09-elucidating-
chara-genome-implications-emergence.html
globule antheridium

7. Draw or attach clear image of other macroscopic green algae Acetabularia, Caulerpa spp, Halimeda spp,
Enteromorpha, Ulva Images from:
http://cfb.unh.edu/phycokey/Choices/
Chlorophyceae/siphonous_greens/
Dasycladales/ACETABULARIA/
Acetabularia_Image_page.html

http://www.wildsingapore.com/wildfacts/
plants/seaweed/chlorophyta/caulerpa.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halimeda

http://www.istitutoveneto.org/venezia/
divulgazione/pirelli/pirelli_2005_en/
Banca_Dati_Ambientale/192.168.10.66/
pirelli_new/divulgazione/valli/index4f62.html
Acetabularia Caulerpa spp Halimeda spp
http://www.seaweed.ie/algae/ulva.php

Enteromorpha Ulva

8. Enumerate the economic and ecological importance of the group.

Economic Importance:
- Green algae such as Ulva, Caulerpa, and Enteromorpha are used as food.
- Antibiotic substances can be extracted from Chlorella and Caulerpa.
- Green algae (Chlamydomonas, Chlorella) is used in sewage oxidation plants for water treatment.

Ecological Importance:
- Green algae serves as a source of oxygen.
- Green algae are the beginning of the food chain, serving as the primary source of energy transfer.
- Green algae serve as habitat for fish and other water-based animals.

Sources:

https://www.biologydiscussion.com/algae/green-algae-characters-and-economic-
importance-with-diagram/52153

https://algaeresearchsupply.com/pages/ecological-importance-of-algae