ANATOMY

Teacher : Fatima Aryan

Unit one: Medical Terminology

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 Objectives
• Definition of Medical terminology
• Importance of medical terminology
• Medical word elements
• Word roots
• Combining forms
• Suffixes
• Prefixes
• Basic rules
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 Objectives
• Defining medical words
• Building medical words
• Pronunciation Guidelines

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 Medical terminology
• is language that is used to accurately describe
the human body and associated components,
conditions, processes and procedures in a
science-based manner.
• • The words – or terms – which make up the
language of medicine are referred to as the
terminology of the medical field…known as
medical terminology.
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• Like every other language, medical
terminology has changed over time and will
continue to change.
• Most medical terms come from the Greek
and Latin languages

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 Importance of the Medical
Terminology
• Simplify communication/break down the
language barrier.
• Easy understanding(common language)
• They are specific terminologies, thus makes
no need to use general terminology

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 Definations
• Word Roots: The word parts that usually, but
not always, indicate the part of the body
involved. contains the basic meaning of the
term. In medical terminology,
• Combining Form A combining form is a word
root that has had a vowel, usually the letter
“o,” added to the end.

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 Definitions
• Suffixes: The word part attached at the end of
a word that usually, but not always, indicates
the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease.

• Prefixes: The word part attached at the

beginning of a word that usually, but not
always, indicates location, time, number, or
status
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 Example
• Tonsillectomy

Tonsil(root) ectomy(remove)

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 Example
• Peritonsillitis = Inflammation of the tissues
surrounding the tonsil
• Peri prefix (around)
• Tonsil word root
• Itis suffix (inflammation)

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 SUFFIXES: MEDICAL SPECIALISTS AND THEIR SPECIALTIES
Medical Specialists Medical Specialists
Suffix Meaning example suffix meaning example
er, -ist One who Internist ac, -al, - pertainin obstetric
ic, ical g to al
-iatrician practition pediatrici -logic, - pertainin psycholo
er an logica g to the gical
study of
-logist one who cardiologi atrics, - medical pediatrics
studies, st iatry professio
specialist n or
treatmen
-logy study or gynecolo
science gy
of
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Combining Form, Meaning Medical Specialty Medical
Specialist
Cardi\o heart Cardiology cardiologist
dermat/o skin skin Dermatology dermatologist
dermatology
esthesi/o Feeling or anesthesiology anesthesiologist
sensation
gynec/o female gynecology gynecologist

immune/o immune immunology immunologist

neonat/o new, birth neonatology neonatologist
ophthalm/o eye ophthalmology ophthalmologist
path/o disease pathology Pathologist
radi/o Radiation or radiology radiologist
radius
ur/o Urinary tract or urology urologist
urine
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Surgical procedure

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COMBINING FORMS FOR A NUMBER OF BODY
STRUCTURES

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Suffix of Symptoms

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Technique for physical assessment

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Common diagnostic tests and procedures

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Diagnostic radiology

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Radiation and other therapeutic intervention

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Body fluids

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 Blood

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Miscellaneous prefix

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Disease and disorder

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• Anatomical position: body upright, erect,
head facing forward, upper limb at the sides,
the palm facing forward, the feet are flat on
the floor and directed forward
• Supine : body lying face up

• Prone: body lying face down.

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Directional terms

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Anterior In front of or front
Posterior In behind of or behind
Ventral Towards the front of the body
Dorsal Towards the back of the body
Distal Away or farthest away from the
trunk or the point of origin of
the body part
Proximal Closer or towards the trunk or
the point of origin of the body
part
Median Midline of the body
Medial Towards the median
Lateral Away from median
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Superior Towards the top of the head
Inferior Towards the feet
External Towards the surface, superficial

Internal Away from the surface, deep

Frontal Towards the front of the brain

Occipital Towards the back of the brain

Coronal Plane Vertical plane dividing the body
into anterior and posterior

Sagittal Plane Vertice plane dividing the body

into left and right
Transverse Plane Horizontal plane dividing the
body into superior and inferior
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Abdominal cavities region

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Thank you

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