R

PTE
Linear Programming
CHA

10 Pengaturcaraan Linear

1. (a) y , 3x + 2 (b) y > −2, 2y < 3x + 6, y > x − 12

(b) 4x − 3y > 3 y
2y = 3x + 6

2. (a) y , x
y
R
y=x
y = x – 12
x
0
x
0

y = –2
(b) 3x < −y + 4
y

3x = –y + 4

0
x (c) y > 0, 3x > 4y, x , 3

3. (a) 3y + 4x > 15, y < 2x, 3y − 2x > 0

4y = 3x
y
y = 2x R

x
R
0

3y – 2x = 0
x=3

x
0

3y + 4x = 15

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   Additional Mathematics  Form 5  Chapter 10  Linear Programming

4. (a) y 5. (a) I : x  50

(6, 6) II : x + y  150
6 III :  y  2x
R
3

x
(b) I : x – y  30
0 2 II : x + y  100
III : y  50
The lines are x = 0, y = 6,
3 x + 3 and y = — 3 x − 3. (c) I : x  y
y = – — II : x + y  50
2 2
III : y  3x
∴ The inequalities are x > 0, y < 6,
3 x + 3 and y > —
y > − — 3 x − 3.
2 2

6. (a) (i) At (4, 6), c = 6 + 2(4) = 14

(b) At (8, 0), c = 0 + 2(8) = 16
y
∴ The maximum value of c = 16
R 4
1 (ii) For c minimum, the point is (0, 2).
–– (2, 1)
2
x c = 2 + 2(0)
0 1
= 2
∴  The minimum value of c = 2
The lines are y = − —1x + —1,
2 2 (b) The optimum points are (5, 15), (45, 15)
y = − —3 x + 4 and y = x − 1.
2 and (15, 45).
At (5, 15), h = 10(5) + 15(15)
1x + —
∴ The inequalities are y > − — 1,
2 2 = 375
3 At (45, 15), h = 10(45) + 15(15)
y < − —x + 4 and y > x − 1.
2 = 675
At (15, 45), h = 10(15) + 15(45)
(c) y
= 825
∴ The maximum value of h = 825
(1, 3)
The minimum value of h = 375

R
x
–1 0
–1

The lines are y = −1, y = 3x and
y=— 3x + —3.
2 2
∴ The inequalities are y . −1, y . 3x
and y < —3x + — 3.
2 2

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 Additional Mathematics  Form 5  Chapter 10  Linear Programming 

7. (a) (i) I : y < 12 (b) (i) I : y < 3x

II  : x+y>4 II : x + y < 80
III  :
6x + 4y < 72 III : 20x + 30y > P
3x + 2y < 36 When x = 0, y = 40,
20(0) + 30(40) = P
(ii) \  P = 1 200
y
(ii)
y
18

80 y = 3x
16 70

60
y=x
14 50

40 (40, 40)
(4, 12) y = 12 x
12 30 +
R y
=
20 80
2x
+3
10 10 y=
12
0 x
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
8

(iii) (a) From the graph,

6
when x = 30,
3x

R
+2

\ 20 < y < 50

y=

4
36

x (b) When y = x, the maximum

+
2
y
= point is (40, 40).
4
10
x+ Amount collected
20
y=
c
= 20x + 30y
x
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 = RM[20(40) + 30(40)]
= RM2 000

(iii) (a) x = 12 machines

SPM Practice 10
(b) Objective function,
c = 10x + 20y Paper 2
From the graph, the
maximum point is (4, 12). 1. (a) I : 30x + 25y  4 800
Maximum profit   6x + 5y  960
= RM[10(4) + 20(12)] II :  y  2x
= RM280 III : 25x + 75y > 2 625
x + 3y  105

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   Additional Mathematics  Form 5  Chapter 10  Linear Programming

(b) y (c) Mininum profit

200 = 15(0) + 12(12)
= 144
180 y = 2x
160 Maximum profit
140 = 15(18) + 12(6)
(60, 120)
= 342
120

100 \ RM144 < Profit < RM342

80

60 R 6x 3. (a) I : x + 2y > 60

+
5y II : 320x + 240y < 19 200
40 =
x+ 96
4x + 3y < 240
3y = 0
20 105
10x + 10y = c III : y < 2x
0 90
x
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

(b)
y
(c) (i) When y = 84,
maximum x = 90 units 80 4x + 3y = 240
y = 2x
(ii) Optimum point = (60, 120) 70

Maximum profit 60
= 10x + 10y
= 10(60) + 10(120) 50 (24,48)
= RM1 800 40

30
R
2. (a) I : x + y > 12 20
II : 10x + 20y < 300 x + 2y = 60
10
  x + 10y < 30
III : x > 3y x
0 10 20 30 40 45 50 60

6x + 12y = c
(b)
y
(c) (i) From the graph, when y = 20,
\ 20 < x < 45
30
(ii) Number of customers = 6x + 12y
Optimum point = (24, 48)
25
Maximum number of customers
= 6x + 12y
20 = 6(24) + 12(48)
= 720
15

x + 2y = 30
10
x + y = 12 x = 3y

R (18, 6)
5
(9, 3)
15x + 12y = k
0 x
5 10 15 20 25 30

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 Additional Mathematics  Form 5  Chapter 10  Linear Programming 

4. (a) I : x + y  60 (b)
II : y  20 y

(b) The number of students taking Science

is at most two times the number of 20
students taking Mathematics.
(c) y 18
2x + y = 20

60 16
y = 2x
50
y = 3x
40 (20, 40) 14
x + y = 60
30
R 12 (4, 12)
y = 20
20
R
10 10
60x + 70y = c
0 x
10 20 30 40 50 60
8

(d) (i) 10 students

6
(ii) Total fees = 60x + 70y
Optimum point = (20, 40) (8, 4)
4
Maximum total fees
= 60x + 70y 100x + 80y = k
2 x + y = 12
= 60(20) + 70(40)
= RM4 000
0 x
2 4 6 7 8 10 12

MRSM Cloned Questions (c) (i) When y = 6, minimum x = 7

Hence x > 7
1. (a) I : x + y > 12 (ii) Minimum point = (8, 4)
II : y < 3x Minimum cost
III : 180x + 90y > 1 800 = 100(8) + 80(4)
20x + y > 20 = RM1 120

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   Additional Mathematics  Form 5  Chapter 10  Linear Programming

Challenge
1. (a) I : 180x + 150y < 13 500
6x + 5y < 450
II : x + y > 40
III : y > 0.6x

(b)
y
100

90

80

70 6x + 5y = 450

60

50 y = 0.6x

40 R

30 (50, 30)
28
20

10 x + y = 40

0 x
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

80x + 40y = c

(c) (i) When x = 12,

minimum y = 28 cupboards

(ii) Profit, c = 80x + 40y

Optimum point = (50, 30)
Maximum profit
= 80(50) + 40(30)
= RM5 200

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