Structural Design Calculations Precast Boundary Wall

STRUCTURAL DESIGN
CALCULATIONS
PRECAST BOUNDARY WALL
PROJECT 1234:
XYZ
Plot No.
Area:
Dubai, 23-Nov-20
Revision: 00 20-Aug-06
PROJECT: PROPOSED BOUNDARY WALLS ( TYPE 02)
Project no.: Date: November 23, 2020
Made by: Page no.: REV.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART REV. TITLE PAGE NO.
0 Project Data
0 Project description 1
0 Codes of Practice and Standards 2
0 Material Data 3
0 Design Load Parameters 4
1 0 Gravity Load Analysis 10
2 0 Wind load analysis 20
3 Design of Precast Elements
3.1 0 Design of Boundary Wall Panels 30
3.2 0 Design of Precast Footing 40
3.3 0 Connection Panels - Footing 50

Project no.: Date: November 23, 2020
Made by: Page no.: REV.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
CALCULATIONS
PART 0:
CODS OF PRACTICE / STANDARDS

MATERIAL DATA &
DESIGN LOAD PARAMETER
FIRE PROTECTION
PROJECT 1234:
XYZ
Plot No.
Area:
REV. 00:
Changes: Page ---
Additional: Page ---
Dubai, 23-Nov-20
Revision: 0 30-May-06
Project no.: 0 Date: November 23, 2020
Made by: 0 Page no.: 1 REV. 0
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The project consist of precast boundary walls.
The boundary walls are fully solid.
The walls are casted in one pieces with foundation, as shown on the
sketches below.
The overall structure is a complete precast concrete building, where all the
units are tied together by reinforcement in grouted joints, transferring all loads
to the foundations.
For the stability in general the wind and the notional load will be taken
into account, which ever is worst.
1200 3600 1200 120

2000
40
2750
300
300
750
200 450
200 350
200
400 5200 400 120 1380

6000 1500
1700 1700
CODES OF PRACTICE AND STANDARDS
- British Standards and design codes are generally applied for design for U.A.E.
projects and are required by most of the local authorities and particularly by
Dubai Municipality (DM).
- British Standards will be used throughout as noted below:
BS5950 : Part 1 : 1990 Structural use of steel works in building

BS8110 : Parts 1, 2 & 3 : 1997/1985 Structural use of concrete
BS8004 : 1986 Code of practice of foundations
BS6399 : Part 1 : 1984 Code of practice for dead and imposed loads
BS6399 : Part 3 : 1988 Code of practice for imposed roof loads.
BS4449 : 2005 Steel for reinforcement of concrete.
CP3 : Chapter V: Part 2 : 1972 Basic data for the design of buildings.
- PCI: Precast and Prestressed concrete Handbook

Project no.: 0 Date:
MATERIAL DATA
A CONCRETE
fcu
Area N/mm²
Boundary walls 40.00
Footings 40.00
Concrete density: 2500 kN/m³
B STEEL
fy
Area N/mm²
Main bars: High yield type 2 460.00
Links: Mild yield or 250.00
High yield 460.00
C CONCRETE COVER
Nominal
Cov
Area mm
Boundary Wall Panels, C40 40
Footing, C40 50
D SOIL DATA
SOIL DATA
Soil Density ( kN / m³ ) 18
Safe bearing capacity of soil SBC ( kN / m² ) 160
Project no.: 0 Date: July 5, 2006
DESIGN LOAD PARAMETERS
DESIGN LOADS
The only load of the panels is the self weight.
For the lateral stability wind load and notional load as per BS8110-1
would be considered.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
CALCULATIONS
PART 1:
GRAVITY LOAD ANALYSIS
PROJECT 1234:
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Plot No.
Area:
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GRAVITY LOAD CALCULATION
120
Element length = 6000 mm
Footing length = 1700 mm
No. of footings = 2
1
2000
Concrete density: 25 KN/m³ G1
2950
40 2
Soil Density: 18 KN/m³ 300
G3 G4 G5
200 750
350
200
G2
120 1380 X
Weight of Element: 1500
G1 = 2.75 x 0.12 x 6 x 25 = 49.5 KN
G2 = 25 x 1.7 x 0.2 x 1.5 = 12.75 KN As per Footing
G3 = 25 x 0.35 x 0.3 x ( 2x 0.4 + 0.040 ) 2.21 KN
Weight of Soil on the top of element:
G4 = 18x1.7x ((1.38 x 0.75)-(0.35 x 0.3 )) 28.46 KN As per Footing
G5 = 18 x 1.7 x 0.75 x 0.375 /2 = 4.31 KN As per Footing

Made by: 0 Page no.: REV. 0
GRAVITY LOAD CALCULATION
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
CALCULATIONS
PART 2:
LATERAL LOAD ANALYSIS
PROJECT 1234:
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WIND LOAD ANALYS AS PER CP3:CHAPTER V-2:1972
1.0 Basic wind speed is 45 meter per second. Calculation for wind pressure is based on
CP3 Part 2, 1972. The basic data used for the design of the building for wind are:
Basic Wind Speed, V = 45 m/s = 162 Km/hr

S1 (Topography factor) = 1.00
S2 (Ground Roughness factor) = 0.63 (Category 2, Class C)
S3 (Statistical factor) = 1.00
Height of panel above ground level = 2.00 m
Design Wind Speed , Vs = S1 x S2 x S3 x V = 1 x 0.63 x 1 x 45 = 28.35 m/s
Dynamic Pressure of wind ,q =k Vs²

where , k = 0.613 N/m² q = 0.001 x 0.613 x 28.35² = 0.493 KN/m²
Pressure coefficient , Cp = 1.20

Wind Load , qw = Cp x q qw = 1.2 x 0.493 = 0.591 KN/m²
Category
S2 1 2 3 4
Class Class Class Class
H (m) A B C A B C A B C A B C
<= 3 0.83 0.78 0.73 0.72 0.67 0.63 0.64 0.60 0.55 0.56 0.52 0.47
5 0.88 0.83 0.78 0.79 0.74 0.70 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.60 0.55 0.55
10 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.93 0.88 0.83 0.78 0.74 0.69 0.67 0.62 0.58
1 Open country with no obstructions

2 Open country with scattered windbreaks
3 Country with many windbreaks, small towns; outskirts of large cities
4 Surface with large and frequent obstructions, e.g. city centres
A All units of cladding, glazing and roofing

B max building dim <= 50 m
C building dim. > 50 m
Cp 1< l/w ≤ 3/2 3/2 < l/w ≤ 4

h/w ≤ 1/2 -0.8 -1
1/2 < h/w ≤ 3/2 -1.1
3/2 < h/w ≤ 6 -1.2
From Table 7- CP3: Chapter V-2: 1972

STRUCTURAL DESIGN
CALCULATIONS
PART 3:
DESIGN OF PRECAST
ELEMENTS
PROJECT 1234:
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Plot No.
Area:
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Changes: Page ---
Dubai, 23-Nov-20
Project no.: 0 Date: 23/11/2020
DESIGN OF PANEL AS PER BS8110:1997
120
DESCRIPTION:
The only load is the the selfweight of the panel.

This would be carried out from 2 footings, as mentioned below. G1
2.75
LOAD ANALYSIS:
Panel Height: h 2.75 m As

Effective Span: l 5.60 m
Panel weight = 0.12x 2.75 x 25 = 8.25 KN/m From Gravity load Calculation (G1)
Factored load:
wu = 1.4 x wD = 8.25 x 1.4= 11.55 KN/m
Factored Shear Load:

VL = -32.34 KN At the left support
VR = 32.34 KN At the right support
Factored Moment:
ML = 0.00 KNm At the left support
MR = 0.00 KNm At the right support
Mmax = 45.28 KNm At the middle of span
11.55 KN/m
5.60 m
Factored Shear Diagram

VR = 32.34 KN
+
VL = -32.34 -
KN
2.80 m 2.80 m
Factored Moment Diagram
ML = 0.00
KNm + MR = 0.00 KNm
Mmax = 45.28
KNm
m m
DESIGN OF PANEL AS PER
KNmBS8110:1997
2.80 m 2.80 m
PANEL DESIGN:
Considering the bar diameter: 16 mm
Concrete cover = 40 mm
d = Effective Depth = h-Cover - dia/ 2.75 - 0.04 - 0.016 = 2.694 m
K' = 0.156 redistribution ≤ 10 %
K = M/ bd² fcu = 45.28 / ( 0.12 x 2.694² x 40 ) = 0.00130
K ≤ K' , compression reinforcement is not required.
z = d( 0.5 + √ (0.25 - k/0.9) ) ≤ 0.95 d
z = 2.694( 0.5 + √ (0.25 - 0.0013 /0.9) ) ≤ ( 0.95 x 2.694 )

z= 2.69 m > 0.95d=2.5593 --> z = 2.5593 m
As = M/ 0.95 fy z = 45.28 / 0.95 x 460 x 2.5593 = 40.49 mm²
Min percentage of reinforcement = 0.13%

Min reinforcement = 0.0013 bd 399.25 mm²
--> Provide: 2 T 16
As = 402.12 mm² ≥ 399.25 mm²
Shear Analysis:
V= 32.34 KN
v = V/bd = 32.34 / ( 2.5593 x 120 ) = 0.1 N/mm²
vc = (fcu/25)⅓ (0.79( 100As/bd )⅓ (400/d)¼ / ‫ץ‬m )
100As/bd = 0.13 <= 3 OK
(400/d)¼ = 0.621 < 0.67 --> (400/d)¼ = 0.67 vc = 0.251 N/mm²
fcu = 40.00 N/mm² (fcu/25)⅓ = 1.17 (Table 3.8)
Factor ‫ץ‬m = 1.25

v= 0.100 < 0.5 vc --> No Shear reinforcement required
Analysis against wind load:
The panel transfers the load to the ends of the panel by acting like a slab and then
the load is trensferred to the footing by the end of the panel, which acts like a
cantilivered column.
Panel (1 m Strip): h 1.00 m

Effective Span: l 5.60 m
Wind load: qw 0.591 KN/m²
Wind load = 0.591x 1 m = 0.591 KN/m
Factored load:
wu = 1.4 x wD = 0.591 x 1.4= 0.83 KN/m

VL = -2.32 KN At the left support
VR = 2.32 KN At the right support
Factored Moment:
ML = 0.00 KNm At the left support
MR = 0.00 KNm At the right support
Mmax = 3.25 KNm At the middle of span
0.83 KN/m
5.60 m
Factored Shear Diagram

VR = 2.32 KN
+
VL = -2.32 -
KN
2.80 m 2.80 m
ML = 0.00 KNm + MR = 0.00 KNm

KNm DESIGN OF PANEL AS PER BS8110:1997
Mmax = 3.25 KNm

2.80 m 2.80 m
d = Effective Depth = h/2 - dia/2 = 0.06 - 0.008 = 0.056 m
K' = 0.156 redistribution ≤ 10 %
K = M/ bd² fcu = 3.25 / ( 1 x 0.056² x 40 ) = 0.02591
K ≤ K' , compression reinforcement is not required.
z = d( 0.5 + √ (0.25 - k/0.9) ) ≤ 0.95 d
z = 0.056( 0.5 + √ (0.25 - 0.02591 /0.9) ) ≤ ( 0.95 x 0.056 )

z= 0.054 m > 0.95d=0.0532 --> z = 0.0532 m
As = M/ 0.95 fy z = 3.25 / 0.95 x x 0.0532 = 139.79 mm²/m
Min percentage of reinforcement = 0.13%

Min reinforcement = 0.0013 bd 156.00 mm²/m
--> Provide: 4 T 8 /m
As = 201.06 mm²/m ≥ 156.00 mm²/m

Panel handling & Crack Control:
During handling the panel will be supported along the long adge and lifted at a
distanve of 3.6 m. --> See project description
Effective Span: l 3.60 m Cantilever span: c 1.20 m
Panel self weight (factored): wu = 11.55 KN/m
Factored Support Reaction:

A = B = wu x ( l + 2c ) / 2 = 34.65 KN
VAL = c x wu = 13.86 KN At the left side of support A
VAR = VAL - A = B -20.79 KN At the right side of support A
VBL = VAR +(wu x l) 20.79 KN At the left side of support B
VBR = -VAL = -13.86 KN At the right side of support B
Factored Moment:
MA = MB = -(wuxc)x(c/2)= -8.32 KNm
Mmax = MA-B = 10.39 KNm
Point of max M: 3.00 m
Diagrams:
Structural System Diagram
11.55 KN/m
1.20 m 3.60 m 1.20 m

A= 34.65 KN B= 34.65 KN
A
= Factored Shear Diagram
VAL = 13.86 KN VBL 20.79 KN
+ =
+
VAR = -20.79 - -
KN -13.86 KN
VBR
1.20 m 1.80 m 1.80 m 1.20 m
MA = -8.32 KNm MB = -8.32 KNm

-
Mmax = 10.39 KNm

1.20 m 1.80 m 1.80 m 1.20 m
Bar Diameter:
V = 2 V1 cos( / 2 ) V
V1 = V / (2 cos0° ) = 17.33 KN
As = V1 / 0.95 fy = 39.66 mm² 30°
As = 113.09 mm²
V
Anchorage length:
Calculation is based on BS81110-1: 1997

Section 3.12.8.3 & 3.12.8.4
V1 30 V1
Design ultimate anchorage bond stress fbu:
Equation 49: fbu = β ( fcu ) ½

fbu = 2.958 N/mm²
Table 3.26 β= 0.50
fcu = 35.00 N/mm²
Bar type Tension Compression
Type 2: deformed bars 0.50 0.63
Effective bar size φe :
BS8110-1997, 3.12.8.3
Single bar as dowel Effective bar size = bar diameter
Bar Diameter: φe = 12 mm
Max tensile pull-out force:
Max Fs =(πφe² / 4) x fs = (πφe² / 4)x (0.95fy) = 49.42 KN

fy = 460.00 N/mm²
Force check:
17.33 ≤ Max Fs 2 x 17.33 = 34.66 ≤ 49.42 KN OK!
Anchorage length l:
Equation 48: fb = Fs / (π φe l) l = Fs / (π φe fb)
l = 17.33x1000 / ( π x 12 x 2.958 )
l= 155.40 mm
l= 200.00 mm
Crack Control:
BS 8110-1:1997 / 4.3.5.2
fcu = 40.00 N/mm² (compressive strength of concrete at final stage)

fci = 32.00 N/mm² (compressive strength of concrete at initial stage= 80% of fcu)
Bending stress :
σ = M / W = M / (bd² /6) = 6M / bd²
σ= 49920000 / ( 120 x 1000² ) = 0.416 N/mm²
Allowable stress:
σ= 0.40√fci = 2.26 N/mm² SAFE
Design of Column part of Panel:

BS 8110-1:1997:3.8
Section: 4T10
120
qw = 0.591 KN/m²
Wind load= qw x 6 / 2 = 1.77 KN/m
400
N max = 32.34 KN
Mmax = wlu x L² /2 = 6.71 KNm
System: 32.34 KN
Type of column: unbraced
1.77 KN/m
End condition: Cantilever column: 4
2750
Table 3.20 : β = 2.2
Effective height le = β lo = 2.2 x 2.75 = 6.05 m
le / h = 6.05 / 0.12 = 50.42

>=10 --> The column is a slender column.
Deflection BS8110-1:1997:3.8.3:
K= 1
βa = 1/2000(le/b')² = 1/2000( 6.05 / 0.12)² = 1.28
αu = βa Kh = 1.28 x 1 x 120 = 153.6 mm
The deflection induces an additional moment:
Madd = N αu = 32.34 x 0.1536 = 4.97 KNm
Total Moment M = 6.71 + 4.97 = 11.68 KNm
Eff. depth of column (bar at the centre) = 120/2 = 60 mm

d / h =60 / 120 = 0.50
fcu = 40.00 N/mm² --> BS 8110-3:1985: Chart no. 41
fy = 460.00 N/mm²
N / bh = 32.34 / 400 x 120 = 0.674

M/bh² = 11.68 / 400 x 120² = 2.028 --> Asc = 300 mm²
100Asc / bh = 0.6
Considering the bar Diameter: 10
--> Provide: 4 T 10
As = 314.16 mm² ≥ 300.00 mm²

FOUNDATION DESIGN AS PER BS8110:1997
1- Soil pressure
Data:
Footing length: l= 1.70 m
Footing breadth: b= 1.50 m
Footing depth: d= 0.20 m
Calculation of Load and Moment:
Area Xi (m) Gi (m) Gi Xi

1 0.060 49.500 2.970 Xm = ΣAi Xi / Σ Ai
2 0.750 12.750 9.563 Xm =48.14 / 97.23 = 0.495 m
3 0.270 2.210 0.597
4 0.984 28.460 28.001
5 1.625 4.310 7.004 G1 to G5 --> Gravity load calculation
Σ 3.689 97.230 48.140
M wind = qw x Wall area = 0.591 x 2 x 6 = 7.092 KNm
100 Mwind / M DL+LL = 14.73 % Ignore of Windload, M=ΣGi Xi
As per BS8004:1986: 2.3.2.4.3 the effect of wind load would be ignored, then
the wind load is less than 25% of the loads due to dead and live load.
--> the Momment due wind load would be ignored.
--> Mwind = 0 KNm
M = M wind + Σgi Xi = 0 + 48.14 = 48.140 KNm
Safety bearing capacity:

SBC = 160.00 KN/m²
Eccentricity e = M / N :
Y
e=M/N = 48.14 / 97.23 = 0.495 m > b/6 = 0.25 m b/2
Calculation of soil pressure: e N
M
X /3 = b/2 - e -->
X = 3(X - 2e)/2 --> X= 0.765 m

X
l X σmax/2 =N -->
σmax = 2N / l X
σ= 2 x 97.23 / ( 1.7 x 0.765 ) = 150 KN/m² X X/3
b= 1.50
σ= 149.53 KN/m² ≤ SBC= 160KN/m² OK
2- Footing design
1700
430 840 430
160
300
209.35
1500
M2
1040
1500
765
305 460
350
M1 M1
209.35
200
σ2
209.35 KN/m²
Factored soil pressure:
σ = 1.4 x 149.53 = 209.35 KN/m² b = 1.00 m

fcu = 40.00 N/mm²
σ2 = 209.35 x 305 / 765 = 83.47 KN/m²
M1 = 209.35 x 0.43² / 2= 19.36 KNm/m

Effective depth: d = 200 - 50 - 5 = 145 mm
M1/ bd² = 19360 / ( 21025x 1) = 0.921
BS8110-3:1985: Chart no 2 --> 100As/bd = 0.25
--> As = 362.50 mm²/m
--> Provide: 5 T 10 / 250 mm
--> As = 393 mm²/m > 362.50

M2 = 83.47 x 0.305² / 2= 3.89 KNm/m

Effective depth: d = 200 - 50 - 4 = 146 mm b = 1 m
fcu = 40.00 N/mm²
M1/ bd² = 3890 / ( 21316x 1) = 0.18
BS8110-3:1985: Chart no 2 --> 100As/bd = 0.15
--> As = 219.00 mm²/m
--> Provide: 5 T 8 / 250 mm
--> As = 251 mm²/m > 219.00
3- Shear design
V1 = 209.35 x 0.43 = 90.02 KN
v = V/bd = 90.02 / ( 145 x 1 ) = 0.621 N/mm²
vc = (fcu/25)⅓ (0.79( 100As/bd )⅓ (400/d)¼ / ‫ץ‬m )
100As/bd = 0.28 <= 3 OK
(400/d)¼ = 1.287 >= 0.67, Member without shear reinforcement vc = 0.622 N/mm²
fcu = 40.00 N/mm² (fcu/25)⅓ = 1.17 BS8110-1:1997: 3.4.5.6

(Table 3.8)
v= 0.621 < vc --> No Shear reinforcement required

V2 = 83.47 x 0.305 = 25.46 KN
v = V/bd = 25.46 / ( 146 x 1 ) = 0.174 N/mm²
vc = (fcu/25)⅓ (0.79( 100As/bd )⅓ (400/d)¼ / ‫ץ‬m )
100As/bd = 0.18 <= 3 OK
(400/d)¼ = 1.287 >= 0.67, Member without shear reinforcement vc = 0.537 N/mm²
fcu = 40.00 N/mm² (fcu/25)⅓ = 1.17 BS8110-1:1997: 3.4.5.6

(Table 3.8)
v= 0.174 < vc --> No Shear reinforcement required
4- Stability (Overturning)
Area Xi (m) Gi (KN) Mi=Gi (Xm-Xi)

1 0.060 49.500 2.970
2 0.750 12.750 9.563
3 0.270 2.210 0.597
4 0.984 28.460 28.001
5 1.625 4.310 7.004
Σ 3.689 97.230 48.140 --> Mr = 48.14 KNm
Mo = 0.591 x 2 x 6 x ( 2.75 + 0.2) / 2 = 10.47 KNm
Mr / Mo = 48.14 / 10.47 = 4.60 > 1.4 OK

CONNECTION PANEL / FOOTING
2x4T10/120mm 120
--> Column Design

4
40
Mash
300
2 3 2 T10 5
4T10/235mm 4T10/235mm
350
200
T10 / 250
1
2 1500
3
1- Connection Support / Footing:
Total Moment M = 11.68 KNm ( From Column design )
As = M / ( 0.95 fy z ) = 11680000 / ( 0.95 x 460x 0.95 x 200 ) = 141 mm²
--> Provide: 4 T 10 / 235 mm
--> As = 314 mm²/m > 2 x 140.68 mm²

2- Connection Support / Panels:
h= 350 - 2 (50+ 10 ) = 230 mm

Fs = 50.79 KN
Total Moment M = 11.68 KNm
Fs = Fc = M / h = 50.79 KN M
230
As = Fs / 0.95 fy = 50790 / ( 0.95 x 460 ) = 116.23 mm²
Fc = 50.79 KN
--> Provide: 4 T 10 / 120 mm
--> As = 314 mm²/m > 2 x116.23 mm²


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STRUCTURAL DESIGN

PRECAST BOUNDARY WALL

PART REV. TITLE PAGE NO.

0 Codes of Practice and Standards 2

0 Design Load Parameters 4

1 0 Gravity Load Analysis 10

2 0 Wind load analysis 20

3 Design of Precast Elements

3.1 0 Design of Boundary Wall Panels 30

3.2 0 Design of Precast Footing 40

3.3 0 Connection Panels - Footing 50

CODS OF PRACTICE / STANDARDS

The project consist of precast boundary walls.

The boundary walls are fully solid.

1200 3600 1200 120

400 5200 400 120 1380

- British Standards will be used throughout as noted below:

BS5950 : Part 1 : 1990 Structural use of steel works in building

- PCI: Precast and Prestressed concrete Handbook

Concrete density: 2500 kN/m³

The only load of the panels is the self weight.

GRAVITY LOAD ANALYSIS

Footing length = 1700 mm

G1 = 2.75 x 0.12 x 6 x 25 = 49.5 KN

G2 = 25 x 1.7 x 0.2 x 1.5 = 12.75 KN As per Footing

G3 = 25 x 0.35 x 0.3 x ( 2x 0.4 + 0.040 ) 2.21 KN

Weight of Soil on the top of element:

G4 = 18x1.7x ((1.38 x 0.75)-(0.35 x 0.3 )) 28.46 KN As per Footing

G5 = 18 x 1.7 x 0.75 x 0.375 /2 = 4.31 KN As per Footing

LATERAL LOAD ANALYSIS

Basic Wind Speed, V = 45 m/s = 162 Km/hr

Height of panel above ground level = 2.00 m

Design Wind Speed , Vs = S1 x S2 x S3 x V = 1 x 0.63 x 1 x 45 = 28.35 m/s

Dynamic Pressure of wind ,q =k Vs²

Pressure coefficient , Cp = 1.20

1 Open country with no obstructions

A All units of cladding, glazing and roofing

Cp 1< l/w ≤ 3/2 3/2 < l/w ≤ 4

From Table 7- CP3: Chapter V-2: 1972

The only load is the the selfweight of the panel.

Panel Height: h 2.75 m As

Factored Shear Load:

Factored Shear Diagram

Factored Moment Diagram

Considering the bar diameter: 16 mm

d = Effective Depth = h-Cover - dia/ 2.75 - 0.04 - 0.016 = 2.694 m

K' = 0.156 redistribution ≤ 10 %

K = M/ bd² fcu = 45.28 / ( 0.12 x 2.694² x 40 ) = 0.00130

K ≤ K' , compression reinforcement is not required.

z = d( 0.5 + √ (0.25 - k/0.9) ) ≤ 0.95 d

z = 2.694( 0.5 + √ (0.25 - 0.0013 /0.9) ) ≤ ( 0.95 x 2.694 )

As = M/ 0.95 fy z = 45.28 / 0.95 x 460 x 2.5593 = 40.49 mm²

Min percentage of reinforcement = 0.13%

As = 402.12 mm² ≥ 399.25 mm²

vc = (fcu/25)⅓ (0.79( 100As/bd )⅓ (400/d)¼ / ‫ץ‬m )

100As/bd = 0.13 <= 3 OK

(400/d)¼ = 0.621 < 0.67 --> (400/d)¼ = 0.67 vc = 0.251 N/mm²