CSE 29362 Structural Steel Design 1

Web capacity and stiffeners design, Web stiffeners,

Stiff bear length, Bearing capacity, Buckling
resistance of unstiffened web, Buckling resistance
of load carrying stiffeners

Dr. H. C. HO
Prof. K. F. CHUNG
Web crushing and web buckling
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Hong Kong Steel Code 2011

• Both failure modes are critical in the section webs

under concentrated loads.

b1

b1

Vertical stiffeners shall be provided whenever necessary.

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Load transfer steel beam
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Hong Kong Steel Code 2011

• Both failure modes are critical in the section webs

under concentrated loads.

Web crushing Web buckling

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Consider the bearing end suport

Web crushing
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Consider the bearing end suport

Web crushing
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Consider the point of load application

Web crushing
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Hong Kong Steel Code 2011

• Determine the value of b1 according to the loading and support

conditions;
• Determine the Bearing Capacity of Webs using the provided
design formula 8.52.
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Conc. Load
Flange thickness T
Roof radius r

0.5 n2 b1 0.5 n2

0.5n2 = 2.5(T + r)

Pwc = py x [b1 + 5(T + r)] t for internal condition

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Hong Kong Steel Code 2011
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Hong Kong Steel Code 2011
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Worked example 1
P = 650 kN

UB 457 x 191 x 98 S275

b1 = 200

b1

Web bearing (crushing) resistance

Pbw = (b1 + n k ) t pyw
pyw = 275 N/mm2 & t = 10.5 mm
n =5 & k = T + r = 19.6 + 10.2 = 29.8 mm

Pbw = (200 + 5 x 29.8) x 10.5 x 275 x 10-3 = 1008 kN

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Worked example 1
P = 650 kN

UB 457 x 191 x 98 S275

b1 = 200

b1 Web buckling resistance

25 ε t
Px Pbw ; = (275/275) = 1.0; d = 407.6 mm
(b1 n k) d
25 × 10.5
= Pbw = 0.70Pbw
(200 + 5 × 29.8) × 407.6
= 702kN

< P = 550 kN Stiffener should be added !!

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Worked example 1 (cont’d)
P = 650 kN
a = 150 mm UB 457 x 191 x 98 S275
a / d = 0.37 b1 = 200
d / t = 38.8

d = 407.6 mm

a
b1 Compression flange is restrained against rotation relative to the web
2 𝐸 2 205 × 103
ped = 2.75 + = 2.75 +
(𝑎/𝑑)2 (𝑎/𝑑)2 (0.37)2 (38.8)2

= 2363 N/mm2 > py = 275 N/mm2

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Worked example 1 (cont’d)
There are four stiffeners at a size of 75 x 10 mm.

75 × 103
𝐼𝑦 = = 6250 𝑚𝑚4 𝐴 = 75 × 10 = 750 𝑚𝑚2
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𝐼𝑦
𝑟𝑦 = = 2.88 𝑚𝑚
𝐴

𝐿𝑒 0.7 × 407.6
𝜆𝑦 = = = 99
𝑟𝑦 2.88

Buckling strength of the stiffener Table 8.8(c) - Buckling curve C

𝑝𝑐 = 127 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

𝑃𝑋 = 4𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑐 = 4 × 750 × 127 × 10−3

= 381 kN
8 Stiffeners should be provided
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Worked example 1 (cont’d)

P = 650 kN
a = 75 mm UB 457 x 191 x 98 S275
b1 = 200

d = 407.6 mm

a
b1