Secularization is a complex phenomenon that has a series of consequences on the

relationship between religion and contemporary society, as an epistemological derivation of

the relationship between the sacred and the profane. Some sociologists and theologians have
stated four theses that advanced, starting with the second half of the twentieth century, the
minimization of the position of religion in the configuration of social space: demystifying the
world through rationalization, stadial consciousness, declining religious authority, the theory
of religion extinction enunciated by Steve Bruce. All this indicated a negative prognosis of
the future of religion. Despite the reality of secularization and its effects on religion, P.
Berger observed at the beginning of the 21st century a completely unexpected metamorphosis
and contrary to the pessimism of the persistence of religion in society, which leads him to
enunciate a new reality: desecularization of the world. The study intends to present these new
trends of sociological and theological analysis on the expression of the phenomenon of
secularization.