Part 02: Halogens [Group 7A].

Halogens [group (7A)]:

They are called halogens which mean [Forming salt] because they react with metals forming salts.

General properties of Halogens:

1. They are monovalent elements [i.e. their outermost energy level contains seven electrons].
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2. They tend to gain one electron and change into negative ions; each carries one negative charge.
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4. They exist in the form of diatomic molecules [F2 – Cl2 – Br2 – I2].
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5. Their physical state is graduated from gas to liquid to solid where:

[(Fluorine and Chlorine) are gases – (Bromine) is liquid – (Iodine) is solid].
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6. They are active elements therefore they do not exist in nature in elementary state but they form chemical
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compounds.

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 7. They react with metals forming salts.

8. Each element replaces the element below it in its salt solution.

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Response Clicker
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Choose the correct answer:
1. Elements of group (7A) are known as …………………
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a. Inert gases. b. Alkali metals.
c. Halogens. d. Alkaline earth metals.
2. The outermost energy level of any halogen contains ………………… electrons.
a. 2. b. 7. c. 8. d. 9.
3. ………………… is considered from halogens.
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a. Sodium. b. Chlorine. c. Helium. d. Calcium.
4. Halogens are considered from ………………… block groups.
a. s. b. p. c. d. d. f.
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5. All these halogens exist in gaseous state except …………………
a. Fluorine. b. Chlorine. c. Iodine. d. (a) and (b).
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6. The halogen which exists in a liquid state is …………………
a. Bromine. b. Chlorine. c. Fluorine. d. Iodine.
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Response Clicker

Choose the correct answer:

1. The molecule of halogen is composed of ………………… atom(s).
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a. One. b. Two. c. Three. d. Four.
2. ………………… in its salt solutions.
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a. Chlorine replaces bromine. b. Bromine replaces fluorine.
c. Iodine replaces chlorine. d. Iodine replaces fluorine.
3. All these elements can replace bromine in its salt solution except …………………
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a. Fluorine. b. Iodine. c. Chlorine. d. (a) and (b).
4. The halogen which can be prepared artificially is …………………
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a. Chlorine. b. Astatine. c. Iodine. d. Bromine.
5. Bromine is obtained when chlorine reacts with ………………… solution.
a. Sodium bromide.
b. Potassium bromide.
c. Sodium iodide.
d. (a) or (b).

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 Response Clicker

Put () or (), then correct what is wrong:

1. Bromine exists in a liquid state, while iodine exists in a gaseous state.
a. True. b. False.
2. Chlorine can replace bromine in its salt’s solution.
a. True. b. False.
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3. Both alkaline metals and alkali metals are monovalent elements.
a. True. b. False.
4. Potassium bromide is formed by the reaction of bromine with potassium chloride.
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a. True. b. False.
5. Elements of group 18 are known as halogens.
a. True. b. False.
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6. Halogens group is from s-block groups.
a. True. b. False.
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Assignments

Online Assignments Step by Step Sheets

Video: Halogens
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03 [Group 7A]. Sheets (3:6). Pages (89:91).

Online Quizzes (09:12).

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 Lesson Three: Main Groups in the Modern Periodic Table.
Sheet (03): Part Two: Halogens [Group7A].

1. Complete the following statements:

1. Elements of group (7A) are called ………………………
2. Halogens are from ……………………… block groups and they are located on the ………………………side of the
periodic table before ………………………gases.
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3. The valency of elements of group (7A) is ………………………as they tend to ………………………one electron
during the chemical reaction and change into ………………………ions.
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4. The outermost energy level (valency shell) of alkali metals contains ………………………electron(s), while that of
halogens contains ………………………electron(s).
5. Fluorine and chlorine exist in ………………………state, while iodine exists in a ………………………
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6. Halogen molecules are ………………………molecules as their molecules consist of ………………………atoms.
7. Chlorine can replace ………………………and ………………………in its salt solutions.
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8. Bromine reacts with potassium iodide giving potassium bromide and iodine.

2. Complete the following equations:

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1. ………… + Br2 2KBr
2. 2Na + Cl2 …………
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3. 2NaBr + Cl2 ………… + …………
4. Br2 + ………… 2KBr + I2
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5. Cl2 + 2KBr ………… + …………
3. Complete the following table:
Element Electronic Period No. Valency Its group
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configuration
………… ………… 3 Divalent Alkaline earth metals
3Li ………… ………… Monovalent …………
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………… 2, 7 ………… ………… Halogens
………… 2, 8, 8, 1 ………… ………… …………
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20Ca ………… ………… ………… …………
17Cl ………… ………… ………… …………
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4. Write the scientific term for each of the following:
1. The group which is located on the right side of the periodic table before group zero.
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2. Elements of group (7A) in the periodic table.
Monovalent elements exist in p-block in the periodic table.
3. The halogen which exists in a solid state.
4. The halogen which exists in a liquid state.

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 Lesson Three: Main Groups in the Modern Periodic Table.
Sheet (04): Part Two: Halogens [Group7A].

1. Give reason for each of the following:

1. Elements of group (7A) are known as halogens.
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2. Halogens do not exist in nature in elementary state.

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3. During chemical reactions, elements of group (1A) form positive ions, while elements of group (7A) form negative
ions.
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4. Bromine can’t replace chlorine in its salt solution.
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5. Both alkali metals and halogens are monovalent elements.
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2. Write chemical equations that illustrate:

1. Reaction of sodium with chlorine.
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2. Reaction of potassium with bromine.

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3. Effect of bromine on sodium iodide solution.

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4. Reaction of chlorine gas with potassium bromide solution.
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5. Passing chlorine gas in potassium iodide solution.

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 Lesson Three: Main Groups in the Modern Periodic Table.
Sheet (05): Part Two: Halogens [Group7A].

1. Choose the odd word (or symbol) and write the scientific term for the rest:
1. Fluorine – Iodine – Chlorine – Argon – Bromine.
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2. Compare between:
1. Elements of group (1A) and group (7A) related to: [Name – Valency – Kind of formed ion - block].
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P.O.C. Group (1A) Group (7A)
Name:

Valency:
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Kind of formed ions:

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Block:

2. Chlorine and bromine [according to the physical state and chemical activity].
P.O.C. Chlorine Bromine
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Physical state:

Chemical activity:
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3. Variant questions:
1. Classify the following elements into three groups. Each group includes the similar elements in properties,
then give an explanation of this classification and mention the name of each group:
3A, 9X, 12D, 11E, 17Y, 19G, 20Z
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2. Write the electronic configuration of the following ions, then write the name of the nearest inert gas to each
of them:
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a. Cl-.
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b. O-2.

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 3. The following table shows the properties of three elements, mention the symbol which represents an element
from:
a. Alkali metals
b. Halogen
c. Alkaline earth metals
Element symbol Behaviour with Physical state Electronic Density (gm/cm3)
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water conductivity
X Dissolve Gas Bad conductor 0.003
Y React Solid Good conductor 3.59
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Z React instantly Solid Good conductor 0.86
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4. Study the following figures, then answer the questions:

1. The opposite figure represents a part of a group in the periodic table:
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a. The number of this group is …………………… and its elements are called ……………………
b. The atomic number of element (X) is …………………… and the valency of element (L) is ……………………
c. The outermost energy level of element (Z) contains …………………… electrons.
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d. Write the names of these elements.
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 Lesson Three: Main Groups in the Modern Periodic Table.
Sheet (06): Part Two: Halogens [Group7A].

1. Study the following figures, then answer the questions:

1. Study the opposite figure which represents a section of the periodic table, then answer the following:
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a. What is the symbol(s) which indicates the …?

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1. Inert gases.
2. Alkali metals.
3. Halogens.
4. Alkaline earth metals.
b. What is the symbol which indicates the …?
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1. Most active metal.
2. Most active nonmetal.
2. Study the opposite figure which represents a part of the modern periodic table, then answer the following:
a. What are the kinds of elements X, R, M and D?
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b. Mention the atomic number of element B.

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c. What would the shaded area represent in the figure?
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d. Mention the symbol which represents:
1. The most active element in group (1A).
2. The element which has the higher electronegativity in period (3).
3. The element which has the largest atomic size in period (2).

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 3. Some elements in the periodic table are represented by the letters from A to E and are included in the simplified
table as shown below:
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a. Choose the letter(s) which indicates:
1. A halogen.
2. The most active metal.
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3. An alkaline earth metals.
b. Write the chemical equation which represents the reaction of water with element (A).
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c. Complete:
1. The molecule of element D consists of ……………………
2. The valency of element F is …………………… and that of element D is ……………………
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3. The density of element B is …………………… than that of element A.
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