Vocabulary Unit 7 (Navigate Upper-Intermediate)

NB! Active Vocabulary is highlighted in yellow colour. The rest of the words are given to enlarge your
vocabulary.
Lesson 7.1

1. “Finders keepers, losers weepers” – used for saying that if you have found something accidentally, you are
allowed to keep it
2. Chant (n) - words or phrases that are repeated again and again by a group of people: A chant ran through the
crowd as the World Cup was brought onto the field.
3. Worth (adj) /wɜːθ/- the value of something in money; be worth - to have a particular value in money: An
Italian man has just found out that he owns two paintings worth 30 million euros.
4. Reward (n) /rɪˈwɔːd/- something good that happens or that you receive because of something that you have done:
He has received a reward from the dealer. Reward (v) - to give something to someone because they have done
something good or helpful or have worked for it: He was rewarded for his honesty.
5. Profit (n)  /ˈprɒfɪt/- money that you gain by selling things or doing business, after your costs have been paid:
A scrap metal dealer has made a profit of more than £ 32 million on an antique gold egg.
6. Report (n) /rɪˈpɔːt /- a written or spoken description of a situation or event, giving people the information they
need: The dealer found a news report about eight missing Fabergé eggs.
7. Claim (n) -a statement that something is true, even though it has not been proved; a right to do something or to
have something, especially because it belongs to you or because you deserve it (claim to/on): The couple’s
claim to ownership is strong, as the coins were found on their property claim (v) - to state that something is
true, even though it has not been proved: The couple claimed the money on a winning lottery ticket.
8. Official (adj) /əˈfɪʃəl/ - approved of or done by someone in authority, especially the government: Electronic
devices expose workers to longer hours than the official 35-hour work week.
9. Official (n) - someone who is in a position of authority in an organization: The couple had to hand over the
coins they found to an official.
10. Suspect (v) /səˈspekt/– to think that something bad has happened or is happening/that someone is
probably guilty of a crime/ that something is not honest or true: The police now suspect that the thieves left
the valuable paintings on the train.
11. Suspect (n) /ˈsʌspekt/ - someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime: Two suspects were arrested today in
connection with the robbery.
12. Justify (v) /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ - to give an acceptable explanation for something that other people think
is unreasonable/to be a good and acceptable reason for something: People use the saying “finders keepers,
losers weepers” to justify keeping money that they find.
13. Valuable (adj) /ˈvæljuəbəl/ - worth a lot of money; very useful because it helps you to do something;
important because there is only a limited amount available: A Californian couple found eight tins of valuable
gold coins.
14. Valuables (n pl) - things that you own that are worth a lot of money, such as jewellery, cameras etc: Can you
keep money and other valuables that you find?
15. Suspended sentence - a punishment given by a court, in which a criminal is told they will be sent to prison if
they do anything else illegal within the time mentioned (условный приговор/наказание): The couple
claiming money on a lottery ticket were given a suspended sentence.
16. Illegal (adj) /ɪˈliːɡəl/ - not allowed by the law: In most countries, it is illegal to keep lost property unless you
can’t find the owner. 
17. Lost property - things that people have lost or accidentally left in a public place, which are kept until someone
collects them: A car worker bought the paintings at an auction of lost property left on Italian trains.
18. Circumstance (n) /ˈsɜːkəmstæns/-  the conditions that affect a situation, action, event etc/the combination of
facts, events etc that influence your life, and that you cannot control: It depends on the circumstances whether
you have to give the money back or not.
 19. Abandoned (adj) /əˈbændənd/- an abandoned building, car, boat etc has been left by the people who owned or
used it/an abandoned person or animal has been left completely alone by the person that was looking after
them: You can usually keep anything which the owner has clearly abandoned.
20. Accidentally (adv) /ˌæksəˈdentli/ - in a way that was not planned or intended (opp: deliberately): The owner
had accidentally lost the money. 
21. Theft (n) - /θeft/ [uncountable] the crime of stealing; [countable] an act of stealing something: Northern
Ireland had one of the highest levels of car theft in Europe.
22. Thief (n) /θiːf/- someone who steals things from another person or place: The thieves took the paintings from a
house in London.
23. Robbery (n)  /ˈrɒbəri/ - the crime of stealing money or things from a bank, shop etc, especially using violence:
The police are investigating a series of bank robberies.
24. Wallet (n)  /ˈwɒlɪt/ -  a small flat case, often made of leather, that you carry in your pocket, for holding paper
money, bank cards etc: He took a credit card out of his wallet.
25. Tin can - a tinplate or aluminum container for preserving food, especially an empty one
(консервная/жестяная банка): Most of them made a living collecting garbage, cardboard, tin cans.
26. Scrap metal dealer – продавец металлолома: The scrap metal dealer had planned to sell the egg for the
value of its gold and jewels.

Lesson 7.2

1. Accuse (v) /əˈkjuːz/ - to say that you believe someone is guilty of a crime or of doing something bad: A
government minister has been accused of having unfair office rules for her staff.
2. blame (for) (v) -  to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad: Employers’
expectations have been blamed for increasing working hours.
3. Prohibit (from) (v) /prəˈhɪbɪt/ - to say that an action is illegal or not allowed (syn: ban, forbid): The
government has prohibited employers from contacting workers outside office hours.
4. Prevent (v) /prɪˈvent/ - to stop something from happening, or stop someone from doing something:
Volkswagen is preventing emails from reaching employees at home.
5. Burnout (n) /ˈbɜːnaʊt/ - the feeling of always being tired because you have been working too hard:
Volkswagen is trying to avoid employee stress and burnout.
6. Protest (against) (v) /prəˈtest /ˈprəʊtest/ - to come together to publicly express disapproval or opposition to
something; to say that you strongly disagree with or are angry about something because you think it is wrong
or unfair: Authorities protested against Galileo’s theory that the Earth revolves around the sun.
7. Expose (v) /ɪkˈspəʊz/ - to show something that is usually covered or hidden; to make it possible for someone
to experience new ideas, ways of life etc: Some children are exposed to questioning and reacting to rules.
8. Insist (on) (v) /ɪnˈsɪst/ - to say firmly and often that something is true, especially when other people think it
may not be true; to demand that something should happen: The government introduced laws which insist on
employers switching off email contact.
9. Take account of something - to consider or include particular facts or details when making a decision
or judgment about something: These figures do not take account of changes in the rate of inflation.
10. Flexible (adj) /ˈfleksəbəl/ - a person, plan etc that is flexible can change or be changed easily to suit any new
situation: The government needs a more flexible approach to education.
11. Working practices - the way in which you do your job: The courses, examinations and working
practices have been based on their perceptions.
12. Pick up (phr v) - to go and meet someone or something that you have arranged to take somewhere in a vehicle:
Many parents prefer to leave work early to pick up their children.
13. Guideline (n) - rules or instructions about the best way to do something: The hospital has issued new
guidelines on the treatment of mentally ill patients.
14. Distracting (adj) - preventing you from concentrating on something: The government minister finds noise in the
corridor distracting while she’s eating.
15. Forbid (v)  /fəˈbɪd / -  to tell someone that they are not allowed to do something, or that something is not
allowed; to make it impossible for someone to do something: He was forbidden to leave the house, as a
punishment.
 16. Resign (v) /rɪˈzaɪn/ - to officially announce that you have decided to leave your job or an organization:
Richard Nixon resigned the presidency in 1974.
17. Redundant (adj)  /rɪˈdʌndənt/ - if you are redundant, your employer no longer has a job for you;
not necessary because something else means or does the same thing: Businesses are closing and making
people redundant.

Lesson 7.3

1. Apply (to) (v) - /əˈplaɪ/ - to use for a specific reason or goal; to take action for a specific outcome (to make
a formal request, usually written, for something such as a job, a place at a university, or permission to do
something;  to have an effect on or to concern a particular person, group, or situation): The new government
rules do not apply to all jobs.
2. Approach (n) /əˈprəʊtʃ/ - a method of doing something or dealing with a problem: There are problems with
both approaches.
3. Try something out (phr v) - to test something such as a method or a piece of equipment to see if it
is effective or works properly; to practise a skill in order to improve it: I’m trying out a new computer.
4. Moral (adj) - relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behaviour, and with the difference between
good and evil: “Moral will” means that you have the ability to do what’s right for yourself and others.
5. Make sure (v) - to find out if something is true or to check that something has been done (убедиться,
удостовериться): I wanted to make sure you were all right.
6. Self-awareness (n) /self əˈweənəs/ - understanding what your own true thoughts, feelings, and abilities are:
People who have moral wisdom must have a lot of self-awareness.
7. Self-control (n) - the ability to behave calmly and sensibly even when you feel very excited, angry: You need
a lot of self-control for that diet.
8. Self-destructive (adj) - deliberately doing things that are likely to seriously harm or kill yourself: People who
are self-destructive are not kind to themselves.
9. Self-centred (adj) - paying so much attention to yourself that you do not notice what is happening to other
people (syn: selfish): He's self-centred, manipulative, insensitive; classic signs of a personality problem.
10. Multicoloured (adj)  /ˈmʌltiˌkʌləd/ - having many different colours: The protesters were holding
multicoloured banners.
11. Monoplane (n) - a plane with only one wing on each side: I have never seen a monoplane before.
12. Monotone (adj) - (of a voice or other sound) unchanging in pitch; without intonation or expressiveness: A
monotone voice can send you to sleep.
13. Interconnect (v) /ˌɪntəkəˈnekt / - if two systems, places etc are interconnected, or if they interconnect, they
are joined together; if two facts, ideas, events etc are interconnected, or if they interconnect, they
are related and one is affected by or caused by the other: Phones are interconnected by cables.
14. Intercontinental (adj) /ˌɪntəkɒntəˈnentl/ - going from one continent to another, or happening between two
continents: There are intercontinental agreements between North America and Europe.
15. Biannual (adj) /baɪˈænjuəl/ - happening twice each year: Biannual events happen twice a year.
16. Bicentenary (adj) /ˌbaɪsenˈtiːnəri/ - the day or year exactly 200 years after an important event: It’ll be a while
before most co-housing projects celebrate their bicentenary. 
17. Bilingual (adj) /baɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/ - written or spoken in two languages; able to speak two languages equally well:
People who grow up speaking two languages are bilingual.
18. Count on (phr v) – 1) to depend on someone or something, especially in a difficult situation;
2) to expect something: Clients count on being able to talk to their lawyer all the time.
19. Count against (phr v) -  to be a disadvantage in a particular situation; to cause problems for someone or
something: If I don’t want to check my work emails in the evening, does that count against me?
20. Semicircle (n) - half a circle: The chairs were arranged in a semicircle.
21. Semi-human (adj) - any creature that is partly human or human-like: Semi-human creatures often appear in
fantasy stories.
22. Semi-retired (adj) /ˌsemirɪˈtaɪəd/ - someone who is semi-retired continues to work, but not for as
many hours as they used to, especially because they are getting older and want time to do other things: People
who are semi-retired still work some of the time.
 23. Punishment (n) /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ - something that is done in order to punish someone ( to make
someone suffer because they have done something wrong or broken the law), or the act of punishing them:
She assisted her husband to escape punishment for the crime.
24. Perk (n) /pɜːk/ -  something that you get legally from your work in addition to your wages, such as
goods, meals, or a car: One of the perks of working for a fashion designer is that you get to wear lots
of nice clothes.

Lesson 7.4

1. Parking meter (n) - a machine at the side of a road which you have to put money into if you park your car
next to it: Smart parking meters in Madrid will charge more for more polluting cars.
2. Legislature (n) /ˈledʒəsleɪtʃə/ - an institution that has the power to make or change laws: China’s legislature
votes to revise 25-year-old environmental law.
3. Harsh penalty (n) – severe punishment: In future, polluters in China will be given harsh penalties.
4. To be about to do something - if someone is about to do something, or if something is about to happen, they
will do it or it will happen very soon: Work was about to start on a new factory building.
5. Knocker-up (n) – a person who wakes people up in the morning by knocking on your window: When people
needed to get up early, they could employ a “knocker-up”.
6. Campaign (n) /kæmˈpeɪn/ - a series of actions intended to achieve a particular result relating to politics or
business, or a social improvement: I am writing to ask you to support our campaign to end street
homelessness.
7. Campaign for/against sb/sth (v) – to take part in a planned series of activities in order to make something
happen or to prevent something happening: Women campaigned for equal pay and equal rights throughout
the 1960s.
8. Homelessness (n) – absence of a place to live: We need to do more to reduce street homelessness.
9. Accommodation (n) /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃən/ - a place for someone to stay, live, or work: The price includes flights,
accommodation and transport.
10. Cut (n) - a reduction in the size or amount of something, especially the amount of money that is spent by a
government or company: Cuts in the education budget have led to fewer teachers and larger classes.
11. Disabled (adj) /dɪsˈeɪbəld/ – someone who is disabled cannot use a part of their body properly, or cannot
learn easily: The charity provides opportunities and facilities for disabled people to take part in sport.
12. Sick (adj) - suffering from a disease or illness (sick with flu): Two of his employees were out sick.
13. Poverty (n) /ˈpɒvəti/ - the situation or experience of being poor: New government plans may put tens of
thousands of people into poverty.
14. Vulnerable (adj) /ˈvʌlnərəbəl/ - someone who is vulnerable can be easily harmed or hurt; a place, thing, or
idea that is vulnerable is easy to attack or criticize: We work mainly with the elderly and other vulnerable
groups.
15. Urge (v) ɜːdʒ/ - to strongly suggest that someone does something; to make someone or something move by
shouting, pushing them etc (просить, призывать): He urged newspapers not to identify criminals by
religion.

Lesson 7.5

1. Major (adj) - having very serious or worrying results; very large or important, when compared to other things
or people of a similar kind (opp minor): There are two major political parties in the US.
2. Misdemeanor (n) /ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnə/ - a bad or unacceptable action that is not very serious, at least from a legal
point of view; American English: a crime that is not as serious as a felony (=very serious crime such as
robbery or murder): Gradually the distinctions between felonies and misdemeanours were eroded
(размывать) by legislation.
3. Sentence (n) - a punishment that a judge gives to someone who is guilty of a crime: She received an eight-
year prison sentence.
4. Sense (n) - the ability to understand or judge something; a feeling about something: There’s no sense in
getting upset about it now; Afterwards, I felt a great sense of relief.
5. Common sense - the ability to behave in a sensible way and make practical decisions (здравый смысл):
Common sense tells me that I should get more sleep.
6. Sensible (adj) - reasonable, practical, and showing good judgment; suitable for a particular purpose, and
practical rather than fashionable: It would have been more sensible to save the money than to spend it all on
clothes.
7. Statute (n) /ˈstætʃuːt/ - a law passed by a parliament, council etc and formally written down; a formal rule of
an institution or organization (положение, закон, законодательный акт): Unfortunately his lawyer could
find no statute or point of law preventing his client's imprisonment.
8. Caution (n) /ˈkɔːʃən / - the quality of being very careful to avoid danger or risks; a warning or piece of advice
telling you to be careful: The physician must exercise caution when prescribing antidepressants.
9. Caution (v) - to warn someone that something might be dangerous, difficult etc.; to warn someone officially
that the next time they do something illegal they will be punished: The policeman cautioned the children
against talking to strangers.
10. Armour (n) - metal or leather clothing that protects your body, worn by soldiers in battles in past times: This
special protection is lost if the Orc wears body armour.
11. Flip-flop - a light sandal, typically of plastic or rubber, with a thong between the big and second toe; a
switching circuit that works by changing from one stable state to another, or through an unstable state back to
its stable state, in response to a triggering pulse: You need to grab all your little flip flops and all your socks
and you need to get out.
12. Enact (v) - to act in a play, story etc; to make a proposal into a law: The necessary legislation has been
enacted.
13. Enforce (v) /ɪnˈfɔːs/ - to make people obey a rule or law; to make something happen or force someone to do
something: It's difficult to enforce discipline in these surroundings.
14. Convict (v) - to prove or officially announce that someone is guilty of a crime after a trial in a law court: He
was never convicted of anything in this country.
15. Seaweed (n) - a plant that grows in the sea (морская водоросль, морская капуста): The most valued of the
cultivated seaweeds is the red alga Porphyra, or Nori.
16. Bizarre (adj) /bəˈzɑː/ - very unusual or strange: They tell the most bizarre stories about him.
17. Zealous (adj) /ˈzeləs/ - someone who is zealous does or supports something with great energy; full of great
energy, effort, and enthusiasm, especially in your political or religious ideas: Some of the officers were more
zealous than others in enforcing the disciplinary code.
18. Overzealous - too eager about something you believe in strongly: The growth of data mining has led many to
worry about invasions of privacy by overzealous marketers.
19. Take things a little too far – зайти слишком далеко; перегнуть палку: Maybe I took things a little too far.
20. Torment (v) /tɔːˈment/ - to make someone suffer a lot, especially mentally; to deliberately treat someone
cruelly by annoying them or hurting them: My older sister loved to torment me.
21. Torture (n) /ˈtɔːtʃə/ - an act of deliberately hurting someone in order to force them to tell you something, to
punish them, or to be cruel; severe physical or mental suffering: The waiting must be torture for you.
22. Persistent (adj) /pəˈsɪstənt/ - continuing to exist or happen, especially for longer than is usual or desirable;
continuing to do something, although this is difficult, or other people warn you not to do it (настойчивый,
упорный; устойчивый): The country has suffered from persistent economic problems.
23. Humble (adj) – скромный, простой =modest, simple: Geoffrey came from a humble working class
background in Liverpool.
24. Treat (n) - something special that you give someone or do for them because you know they will enjoy it; a
special food that tastes good, especially one that you do not eat very often: It was a rare treat for us to go out
for a meal.
25. Fast (v), fasting - to eat little or no food for a period of time, especially for religious reasons (пост,
поститься): Muslims fast during Ramadan.
26. Festive (adj) – праздничный
27. Dismiss (v) /dɪsˈmɪs/ - to refuse to consider someone’s idea, opinion etc, because you think it is not serious,
true, or important; to remove someone from their job; if a judge dismisses a court case, he or she stops it from
continuing: He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic.