NCM 105: NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY (L

UNIVERSITY OF THE CORDILLERAS

COLLEGE OF NURSING
INSTRUCTOR: MRS. BEVERLY B. SANTOS – BENTRES

ACTIVITY 8
MICRONUTRIENTS AND WATER
(Taken from: Caudal, 2019 and Claudio, 2002)

Name:______________________________ Score: ______________________

Year and Section: ___________________

Vitamins are found in almost all food sources, including fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes,
meat, and poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy. Oils and fats are also good sources of vitamins.
However, no single food is a source of all vitamins, so it is wise to eat as many of these food
sources on a daily basis. When vitamins are not taken in required amounts to meet the body’s
needs, a primary vitamin deficiency develops. Similarly, secondary deficiency occurs when there
is impaired absorption or when there is excess excretion of vitamins.

I. OBJECTIVES:
 This activity will enable the students to:
o recognize the importance of micronutrients to the body;
o prepare, serve and evaluate meals for people with vitamin deficiency;
o recognize the importance of an adequate fluid intake and understand the
body’s fluid balance;
o apply the principles of diet modification.

II. MATERIALS:
 Reference Books
 Modules for NCM 105

III. PROCEDURE:

1. Prepare a normal diet and modify it into a diet for an 11-year-old female child who is
suffering from rickets.

Table 1- Modifications of the Normal Diet

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 NCM 105: NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY (L
Normal Diet Diet for Individual with Rickets
Breakfast:

Lunch:

Dinner:

Morning (AM) Snack:

Afternoon (PM) Snack:

QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH

1. Discuss five mineral-related diseases, including:
a. Symptoms
b. Causes
c. Prevalence
d. Dietary changes

Diseases Symptoms Causes Prevalence Dietary Changes

2. Why is iodine deficiency prevalent in the Philippines? What are the preventive measures
needed to decrease the occurrence of goiter?

3. How does scientist determine if a trace mineral is an essential nutrient or not?

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 NCM 105: NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY (L

4. Of all the trace minerals, what would you consider as the most difficult in meeting daily
requirements?

V. GENERALISATION/CONCLUSION

2. Prepare a normal diet and modify it into a diet for a 19-year-old male who is suffering
from dehydration.

Modifications of the Normal Diet

Normal Diet Diet for Individual Suffering from
Dehydration
Breakfast:

Lunch:

Dinner:

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Morning (AM) Snack:

Afternoon (PM) Snack:

QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH

1. Discuss five vitamin-related diseases, including:
a. Symptoms
b. Causes
c. Prevalence
d. Dietary changes

Diseases Symptoms Causes Prevalence Dietary Changes

2. How are vitamins destroyed?

3. What is water balance? Why is it closely related to electrolyte balance?

4. If a person is dehydrated, will it be enough to simply give him/her water to correct water
imbalance?

V. GENERALIZATION/CONCLUSION

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 NCM 105: NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY (LABORATORY)
Population Group Weight Minerals Vitamins
(kg)
Magnesium (mg) Phosphorus Zinc Selenium Fluoride Manganese D E2 K B6 B12
(mg) (mg) (µg) (mg) (mg) (µg) (mg) (µg) (mg) (µg)

Infants, mos
Birth - < 6 mos 6 26 90 1.4 6 0.01 0.003 5 3 6 0.1 0.3
6->12 9 54 275 4.2 10 0.5 0.6 5 4 9 0.3 0.4
Children, y
1–3 13 65 460 4.5 18 0.7 1.2 5 5 13 0.5 0.9
4–6 19 76 500 5.4 22 1 1.5 5 6 19 0.6 1.2
7–9 24 100 500 5.4 20 1.2 1.7 5 7 24 1.0 1.8
Males, y
10 – 12 34 155 1, 250 6.8 21 1.7 1.9 5 10 34 1.3 2.4
13 – 15 50 225 1, 250 9 31 2.5 2.2 5 12 50 1.3 2.4
16 – 18 58 260 1, 250 8.9 36 2.9 2.2. 5 13 58 1.3 2.4
19 – 29 59 235 700 6.4 31 3 2.3 5 12 59 1.3 2.4
30 – 49 59 235 700 6.4 31 3 2.3 5 12 59 1.3 2.4
50 – 64 59 235 700 6.4 31 3 2.3 10 12 59 1.7 2.4
65+ 59 235 700 6.4 31 3 2.3 15 12 59 1.7 2.4
Females, y
10 – 12 35 160 1, 250 6 21 1.8 1.6 5 11 35 1.2 2.4
13 – 15 49 220 1, 250 7.9 31 2.5 1.6 5 12 49 1.2 2.4
16 – 18 50 240 1, 250 7 36 2.5 1.6 5 12 50 1.2 2.4
19 – 29 51 205 700 4.5 31 2.5 1.8 5 12 51 1.3 2.4
30 – 49 51 205 700 4.5 31 2.5 1.8 5 12 51 1.3 2.4
50 – 64 51 205 700 4.5 31 2.5 1.8 10 12 51 1.5 2.4
65+ 51 205 700 4.5 31 2.5 1.8 15 12 51 1.5 2.4
Pregnant women
Trimester
First 205 700 5.1 35 2.5 2 5 12 51 1.9 2.6
Second 205 700 6.6 35 2.5 2 5 12 51 1.9 2.6
Third 205 700 9.6 35 2.5 2 5 12 51 1.9 2.6
Lactating Women
1st 6 months 250 700 11.5 40 2.5 2.6 5 16 51 2 2.8
2nd 6 months 250 700 11.5 40 2.5 2.6 5 16 51 2 2.8
RECOMMENDED DAILY INTAKES FOR OTHER MINERALS AND VITAMINS1 (Developed by the FNRI – DOSt, 2002)

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