HARARE POLYTECHNIC

SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY DIVISION

COVER SHEET

FIRST NAME(S): BETTY . SURNAME: MUROMWA .

COURSE: ND1 PHARMACY DATE: 19-11-2020 .

NAME OF LECTURER: MR P MAPHOSA .

SUBJECT: PHARMACOLOGY 1 .

ASSIGNMENT/PRACTICAL: ASSIGNMENT 2 .

MARK: MODERATE MARK: .

COMMENTS:

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LECTURER’S SIGNATURE: DATE: .

Assignment 2 GIT

1. Regulatory molecules that stimulate acid secretion are:

- Acetylcholine
- Gastrin
-Histamine

2. The mechanism of action of:

a) Proton Pump Inhibitors

Mechanism of action
They act by inhibiting both fasting and meal-stimulated HCL secretion by irreversible
inactivation of the proton pump in the wall of the parietal cells.
Examples of proton pump inhibitors include Omeprazole, Esomeprazole and
Lansoprazole.

b) Prostaglandin analogues
Mechanism of action
Act by inhibiting histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion. Stimulates mucin and
bicarbonate secretion. Increase the mucosal blood flow. Example include Misoprostol.

3. Proton pump inhibitors are usually taken 30 minutes before food because the acidic pH
in parietal cell acid canaliculi is required for drug activation and food stimulates acid
production.

4. The disadvantage of using aluminium based anti-acids for the management of acid
problems are: the unabsorbed aluminium salts may cause constipation and affect the
absorption of other drugs, such as tetracyclines.

5. Simethicone
Purpose in anti-acid oral suspensions
- relieving of stomach discomfort caused by gas flatulents
- for breaking-up of gas bubbles in the GI tract
Mechanism of action
Decreases the surface tension of gas bubbles in the gastrointestinal tract . It results in
coalescence and dispersion of gas bubbles, allowing their removal from the GI tract as
flatulence.

6. Active ingredients in sucralfate are mainly complex aluminium hydroxide, sulfate and
sucrose.