Chapter 3th Welding, Bonding, and the Design of Permanent JointsCathe cial abe JS apne 9 GIS lame 5 IS pod st p83) «SIRE ge Ue se, Sl A Gabe gat Se tle 32 GiIyL dy aja pl S ele J digtigs Sales wl aiby by JOLT Glade Gla b 22 pt lS yeh AS al gr By og CELL slp Flak yb lS ALE agtyy cl SI GS eth 3G fate babes eles ISI pate iy yt pete IS OLED S spe 9 WEL pe tS ate ty ya dle idee yp Sader ga pri pe BS go She pte | Wel aay Ge ea USS ay JI en ce Sol Spe hing olde g Bas GLC Jbail Gly Glee tes oy ble Ghd! oti Lael CIS Sy 59 ST LS AS pF Kise fb ox Se Obs JI Ree ob? tan ay slys lg JREe Bal: Sy bg 2S Ute tbs Ae fle bb of SU Ue pale en lange 9 gy CHL A CM Bay Ny SIS ld 92 a4 tle one GaSe a aS ae yay fb SN S GIS IAs tr a eh AS hte 2x ibs 6S (Welding Symbols) .6)1Sig> clasts SE igh oe gate ASW S ALS Gi GIMS Usha tipr JI GIS Obs lane LL ga LS G59 eS Loe Lb af WS ier cle Se bo bad ed ABB 2 Bie 59 Gere Uy LF (IA JRA) opt ples (AWS) KE ol pi a Fe aaa Sa 3 4 S 3b Gl! Steal GIR Ege gisle KS IS gpl asf CHL Lt 2 Gere ALL te qs Sy + (V4 JS) ye hel cll + cg a aly ube sls here Boer ee Getty AES Gar ib FOr (Seesthaat esi gle oe Le as “Ss nS R is eae Siz es ae“ 2 eds eee ir gels pr ei alas Seek Sort 1-4 fyE 1-4 se oye sae! abe cap AWS Bl pens bale lalFVD | ste slaty eae y cn stg SILI Soy bojlal cely sls + pe duLbyolarte + ne ple ae aslo agli oT ay AS Cael S035 phe le ane hat py Sy Oy Cone wd S9 oan Ly Ky iets OW 52 anys a tty Le S cal wlan Esl FA UTM glass WS 3b5 Dad oye ltd b share ob » See rg We Ae eS he A cee Uyasals GUILAST 245 pd geayoey EIL lyy el WS ge dhol ony AEG Sete Cg 39 le hy el ain 9 Hee olde JS a Wo scenes ett Ly pe GLI gisy2 Olt L Cal See 5 Ke GUS PEWS op azsT ted File Bley GUE BL gs SIRE CIF ASL IGS ore oe : ae Fe a alt Qi WI HIV YIU) ) J=Uqi t+ Ait) + Vor + Are) te Ga M i se2S yo Sp asl G IL 7 dhe oy ju O-4) aa 92 UL) oes PRU S Col epee Col ope oll gl le tye 21a el See ty spree ol Mey ee ct ee ly lel BB Sel hae ae pe OE S sgt Ly dy BP lade 92 G4 (O) 9 (G) m2 Se WS ile ge da3/12.y bye [12 ahase 99 IS Gl peta pba WET hs ASS Ye Wy day bisltar te Sl Jers Jorseroe 3 Hse Get et Ye oe 4 ARB 93 IES py eed doy GIS ay ba Stipe I aS ol UT tl pS oly Ode Be OS cal ae eke Ua) Sols oe 4 gpllee lab ge EAS cole che OT ely slate Tada el 0.707 cg lS ye pil Oye eel Tu) sleep igpe ale Gu) (5-4) J=0.707AJ, PI NE AIS le cbt pret Ghat b ely ose 4 tle ly SS Cel Pa AS Chae BIA Iyr 9y Ey le Sl Syed ALIAS JRE Opa So Salts al slate 59 Att She dels 8 chee tl o8 29S polis 5 Maal a2 Slee Dame 24) JI Gl ps SA ene (Gas 32 DE a al lain 9 (Gone 9 yd ay nt bY glia AS ae ST ae ol ly! toe tee 3S pte lak 99 ty Coty I OAS Be MY GL SLL 42 2 IE PUI SS a te A ly ely GIS BS ji ay dy a El ne SN (58 ae ig cl eas ID ae oy ae S pg VA pte O99 ae Gent 30 Sil De al Jy Ans? Wl Ss gaol le alae Sd tl Dyd/12 1S (g) ae BS alae Ly AEG bH/I2 WS (G) ne i lane ge 2 bly Soe yd gS be OT De alge 25 Aly phe aT lle gy 9 cael a2 Sp eb Aah SS a ne fle} ih ae gy! SOT lS OTTHL aald tae pilS Sop p32 le CATS Bly ee a LEA) gee ah al pipe 30 dy |) OIA JR cig ly Ol US 232 a8 ly lay AT ST 9 EM ae pe AS 099 a ote ert SIS lal Ly Sah gd os OS ola pee yeep alyFATT pile slasioay glob 9 cailuag is 1m aa? +d?) 6 A= 1.414hd {b+ d)4 - 6b2d? Se aed ia A=0.707h|b+ 4) 5. & Y= Tb+a) BB+ obe +e Jy eo A= 0707h(2b+ d) k= b/2 A= 1.414h{b+ d) yad/2 Jy = 2nr9 A= 1.4) 4hr sal nly hye 4 Ut Lay ta SBS ada yo otiay JySE Lada hyp S3Li tp 04S UBILS 380 6° es nage Alba Ly SON gly eal GoM gles pS type SLs KS Gals FA JSt N= 4 tiga She teecathe biel galsh | PAP ph ISL te SAL ye LES GUS LL) ae SUS 4 sl (WD NO-4 St 4g mmm op WS oye el Bay NERA JS ag be gS deo Ly yl oy 85 (O) FD Sha gtige ay J Haat Lng IS RB NON JSS a by opty Stare ill Unle tar GAS Glee IM ye A=0.707 (6)[2(56) +190] = 1280 mm? te Fon NM JS AS ty BEG UGU ph YS a 2 oO) els et VA Sgr 92 FN WS 9S hy by he Cems Cb tn S # le (2) (56)? 2(56) +190 10.4 mm ALINE y 10-4 SLA JS2 52 O lads t= 200mm pA) hae Jobs ys sMleida Sls 1G. Potowsld phy Da al Une 9S Giles bye -RGB..CRM. JES wool VE-4 Js | 4 Js 2V stem aia Sl azly lagk Daa sal 9h peFAW | pals sion walsh y citheny aaatton 25T eas VPM JSS Oymee Ly rh held GO) 14 =" =[090/2)?+ 56 -10.42]!” = 105 mm [a90/27°+00.47]"?=95.6 mm re= BS SpSajlail ASL | atk 593 Ngee ot GH! Syd May J age F elle SS (9) oe 8(56)°+6(56)(190)+(190)°___(56)* J O11 Omer wee CATE SS! =7.07(10)° mm* es 108 My MG) M =Fl=25(100+10. She LS wre ecg ty a (O) Mr _ 2760(10)°(105) 1.0 MPa 7.07 (10)6 3 rl = 1h = 216000)°05.6) _ 37 3 apa 7.07(10)° iT Sag 10 gad gal Sloe PHM JRE) AK altel rye eh Ob S a 3h 2” 5 (b) DU Ae ge D9 gla gti SMa ge aby Shey 1! SAAS ey eel nile Gy 32 IS Ath, Jabs Je Spt se be a Sle 22 GT Guloy Wye 99 daly b () 4 = ty =37 MPa tc = tp =44MPa 15-4 Js I Se 27 Kg sages seo bop 92POS 23 See Sheil 29 (Stresses in Welded Joints in Bending) poo badd joy lf eS oe 92 VS Sal Gast pS pS HLS HIWWHA JS el ete AS tet Masts Jal Se Vt Gad fel Se 5 asl Se sles Sadie gale ba Vil Ae pe ta ale hee AS hee SU aS gp alll tye 92 32 070TH IS ty AS We KM yet pels 26 UT claw pe 23tS pS be 32 NVA JS (all) WO 1-28 ale La cegrten claw 92 ght cel _ ba? @ 1=0.707h1, = 0.7074 dle ee Bor GH eH BR Mc___Md/2___1414M IT 0.707hbd?/2 bd cpt Ny LIT Papel Gg SIT tt nat ST Ue Cel 14 ae ol ae 1.207 1.196 31 5S yj SF Cod gl YF 1414 Joe doy, Slblw oy 1.207 oy AS scl OT Say, CuliS 5) OLE abe Gu sel gett GID ye jT Kl, el Hee ats yl Sh acl te 9 Get d abe Gly (0) xe 32 qlee 999 IES |e Sy (+R) hye 92 getia Sp Ge Ahold els Corre or 3 AS Jae ay cline 92 te BS Bee ay cal Ah ge HS Olja aS le pe aS tat GS Gel ee LTA pd CL Bb IS gpl alas Clea oO Gar de (ad (o) sal CATA) san ht 6 le ay apg Gey clude opty Jad tA AV-4 Js etn lake Uy ge yy 45 3b5T pw poonerV4 gar Tee sla tge es vole he x20 A=0707hd if" ain ui oe _ ret het A= 1.AlAhd aT Au LL A L oe R= b/2 A= 1.41 4hb yad/2 be b+ d, Fpleb+d) A=0707h|2b+d, 2 bei = 2 adty + tbe 2ehy* A=0707h|b+2d) L 7 ja -t bey = £(ab+) A= 1.414h(b+ d) IT 6 oa LOU =r) f eb =O paty (b+ 2ehy* A=0707h{b+ 2d) 7 # Jt p be i= Z(sb+e) A=1.AlAh|b+ a) T lo Lt Ian A=1.Al dhe @ gone gilon 9 SIS yp ape gab GRE adn tg Sle cl gp ny S 6 ensih po PEE AI ya one Sally oo ete ae 98 gE J” sSlSISIS, Lye La aly FAYcathe tin! alse | FAA (The Strength of Welded Joints) 39> gy Cuglio 0-4 pI pe lye eg IS CB pI I ig aed ae 29 5S yal pe lyre ag Sh ee ele ath a ee hte lens Ly SI Gel JL eat Ag scl aT YA ye 53 yee swe Ul BIKE S 24) 4 GG ool He GIR ge leks ol b 52 Ua ha pc BLL eA ES Ope i AS ole tn Mth SY SI ge tl 610250 & G10140 gy Sled te UNS 4 by gy GUIS ote bl tpl ter de ae acest SOOMPa GF 400 cr tl 23yi—S SILAS gel LAS Caslie jlo Ue yale tly CL b tiny Sa LS SL Bile GUE gal als SI Wal geste SVB pam clay yee cle slaaj lial oy re 3} ES zs Ate Obaabl feb L) ale phd Can als Carlie bre WT cal gp Glolele ly (AIS red Calin b ASTM glace asd 215 lass lta ool 99 9 Hi Sy dle Sh cunt! jes 350 MPa & 230 JAB OLS, Bg lel s tyre sly ab Sh lat dale glad yb AA pr Col Sy = 0.55, «ASTM SUSY i gal 32 tly Slew ayldileal gpl ly Obese Colpo Gad aay OL 3b OSES be 52 |) 25)! onl slew wily Gil eS heel 9 hy Gly M=1/0.00=1.67 225 Gly 9 So oli eel n= 0.577/0.400 =1.44 SY al lade GIR Ege bel digg, 2k Gs Ae! 29 pS 5LB cpean gS 3ylo be Uy pe 9 eb 39 OLAS 5 layed 118 y 1010 clas Yg5 3 23 x53) 515 5) sb glove tiga dale 1018 SYS 5 slates « AIST 1010 SF psf 36 opie 2233S NB Om eetS9 po dhe Bigee A) Gal ye ogee, cel 17-25 62 (427) 6 Or 2 70 (482) 70x 19 80 (551) E80. 1417 90 (620) 90x 13-16 100 (689) E100 4 107 (737) 120 (827) 120% EE aa al se SpE acl Mag lana pnb stn AMS) ae gym on” Gasas dr lave Goat wage A seek GepAT lA age ya be oes a tb 8 Sel alge MWS 311) JS Mine tg Se eel dS ug SSR opnay AT abe hy cael sl AISC, 400 N, Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL 60611. 311) 2,bitea gy! <3 $32.0 PH4 Syser Boeke nas oeTAN etl alain gash 9 ouhing toe 1.67 0.605, ded us ww 0.905, ea Aas 1521.67 0.60-0.665, ed ss 1.67 0.605, ded vole las 0.305}, wb ded On Sl a ly i il he 3 OOS, 3) ly 3h oo ape tat sets 1.2 diody Gd dy od Gg 15 woe sl Uys tl, 27 Lig Uy cool Ug 20 eslaaags | JSST bg da, ig GIS 72 WET Ly Cel Ge ge lial Bab 553 CUE Gt 3b 3x glial Cael Sent slayh jlre GaAs fale AWS slay ced 55 y AISC clo ab oly 1S ayo Cie oy! Oatley ee WET gad ark gy oI AS ch b sly WIL ISS 4a by Lan jl 59, glee cla 5 al ledal dy LS Loe V fad 93 4S Ken ils oles Coby 6529 SI acl Iytee tb 4 by Clb Sy 90,8 jlome sla ES SI ote HLS bao Luke yh edista lae Oligabl tle galt y2 gee aa jailer! oy! Vy ale cal apd let IS Gly wel 0-4 yar yo S St 5 St Gale APS 3g AT GUsb HEWLIF=G Spe ay NS tae Gl ty pg LS 5 sly ea Lb dag ly hye Gl Glas! (Static Loading) as! 513554 bs apse Sled 3) bablie y mules ly ul bb Bag GUS ps eel de GIS a jldileal 5 geo FAA Uys 58 jl clats 2d de be age AISCFA Ug 298 ye lal on 28 9 abe pT olay Pree ere ee een eee Gale lial vabb fa. or | 120 ca sr (6.9) (MPa) Gage od oi Sb bs t= _| 10 | 21.0 | 240 | 270 | 300 | 330 | 360 (175) KN/m sag Giga 29 jlo toly 69-5 soy oll | wJlail od pte als | or 7 | in | 1273h | 1485h | 16,97h | 19.09 | 21.218 | 23.338) 25.454 © eal Gage ely dhe oh woe (175) kN/m 1697 19.09 21.21 23.33 25.45 7 1299 | 1485 1670 1857 20.41 22.27 3/4 1432 1592 17.50 19.09 5/8 11.93 1327-1458 15.91 V2 954 1061 11.67 1273 7N6 835 (9.28 W14 3/8 | 716 795 9.54 56 597 6.63 795 Va 477 5.30 6.36 3/6 358 3.98 477 8 239 265 3.18 6 1191.33 1.59 spe QyiT JLaSI SCANS Jane ny S aes Jat 38 ges slate” | 1=0707%¢ 4! ‘Source: From Omer W. Blodgett (e.), Stress Alowables Afect Weldment Design, 0412, The lames F.Lincoin Arc Welding Foundation, Cleveland, May 1991, p. 3. Reprinted by permission of Lincoln Eectrc Company.FANT ats laine palsb y outlay cute Sd goes eye 539 99 & Sad Ky 4 MAH JS glavsle 4 by 1015 Vg jl gas SE YHA aged 2 jldal yet coal TOWN 3b 5 9 Ld type ETONK 94 SIL, 6.5mm 5 yx 285 5 50 mm wel (a) - Gel aalte tie 5lb canghia A anlia 455 99 Cugli L(G) 5 4 = me 4 ae aly gb lew oa PA Syd 5G eal oy cel tye (5.57 kipfin) 990 N/m E70 24 5531 35 5I F =9901 =990(0.1)=99kN ctl Syke ge 5b Ca glis 99> TOKN Oy 5, =190 MPa Xe Jyuee 5 ¥-4 Jd Tagine gop atipe yslew ya Lal ety (O) a ae Sloe te AS AS, = 0.4(190) =76 MPa seed ig 6g AES ES el ede te AS y0 pee 99 GU ra DO F_ 7000* tl 12.5(50) 112 MPa epg Mle ape aged tas gla S Cl 065, Gt pe 4 de jl om jl GEES YS (190) =114 MPa seal Id ght GAS ea De oy bs VA-4 yx | stile, — r= icath etal ale | Far Clin LAM SE Open od 27g Ge pate glade LS AIG BLEEL DVS 5! clades daly aalad csp 5} 2UOKN esti! slp) 400MPa oles tS Cuslin y 248MPa gli ah Sey Jpeg gs Sealy 65S SI IE Ole Gly Be 52 02y Oya Cool WS Cal lb hes 5h tee US gpl sl eae EVOXX 24 6 51 8mm os ye GL LL ba heel bye GL: isla y Wye Ugh of cls pice Np Sail sly3S 4 y Glare 1.67 20(50)+50(10) St she slp Balai Je | a sktS eae F, (100) +-210(41.67) ols F=87.5kN . Ol gs F, =210-87.5 =122.5kN. he Uh pb la pice la =1Aly oy th 1225/87 514 Sanity MUA oe GalE lee Cee Bg Ble Bll Sa ake el oye gb aly pitt lh ey eel ee ddl) ol seal Fan Eee GIS 29 Slee gig, I TEN TEM Ud jl cael od oS lee gg 9 ).3 (482) = 144.6 MPa ae EIS 45° whi 32 tte eRe OT), +12) ——F ___ 5, =1446MPa 107)h(2.Al) how dbo Hes 210000 145(0.707)8(2.4) ’ 1, =1.41, =1.4007) =150 mm TN te 3 a let AS an oe ase hala 38 Uae (248) = 99.2 MPa \ F=2101N YOM digas de 14-4 Jo |Far | atl lasing gab y outlay cute ee HS ah Bot ty es F 54-992 hth) hAl) ols F 210000 a 103mm 99.2h(2.4) 99.2(8)2.4 1, =1,Al, =1.4(10.3) = 154.4 mm SAS Ny tape gh tl 5 Cool SLatl) aol jb Casha sly 95Y cht 529 dsb el 1 0.65, i gy slate! AIST jews 22S 25 SLail £5 32 Oy slew GAAS AS Gly AS 5S, = 0.6(248) = 149 MPa 23S edn iS Sab Lj eel ENS ae yee ale poli pe 92 pl EES. ARE om 2 A 20(50)+50(1 ak fy Bh 11S mm (ol ty Shy Cool Ui a 1492 140 ges Oy SO Oe BL 1415) =161 =140MPa gt jhaljl DLatl y ceed Ger Ia /ly = 14 SxS Gl pvt wth b= 160 mm yf, =115 mm tad ty plas Ye=4 JSS O pad 2200. N 3b 5 9 asl aS tyr leatl sly CoS hi! apo god te E6010 2 SIL 9.5mm GL Le gS te by AIST 1018 HR 3,5 I Och ap Se tae slyly Philon) py 24 (GD) st ISH IIT pS IS She prey Gt9 (OD el we 5m ie ly ly ssbb ged 29 (g) ch=9.Simm p39 5380) YA Sgt 5) Syp = 427 MPa 5, 45 MPa t-4 Jy.ix 5 (ll) yd =50mm A=1414hd =1.414(9.5)50= 671.7 mm? 5 ret & 50°/6 = 20833 mm? i oe FAA sagas ue ely Seoaths cial galbe | rar Mr _ 2200(150)25 een T 14000) =58.93 MPa Hat stn HS 99 ol dale 9 MPa 3.287 +58.97)' (2 +e ae AS ob» eel 337 eek 177 (345) T 39 n aol Ide ye i Cagle 3.37230 ge ng Oe ey el Sy = 220 MPa Sy, = 400 MPa Lacan slie oy, a5 Veal Upbe 5h (G) M___M__ 2200(150)6 a = 83.37 MP: Ile bd*/6—9.5(50°) ° Sy _ 220 @ 137 oe 231 SIS Coals Jip (2.64<3.0 a nrg Ope Tay =124 MPa jose ogy 25 FM J per (6010 25 50) lyr = 59 MPa (All) 2 5I(e) Sbigabl apo syllenl yyied by Ope eel Ups hye 59124 gs OS Sp at en tet ly 4 Spd 2 che 59 GUC HB Oy Gly Sel tea ey IN, lie a AS gees SEALS By KS pe Ss ax Gly yey Chee I aul ae BB pre bk See fom == 70TH ag oe (DI hl EE ALIS SF fom! Jy/(hl) gas 28 Ge Ly i ate OL ge Somat dy) Hl 52 1S tsa ly 4 pd ob AUIS Sx REL IN dod Ghagb col axa te 2 er ie ob le at Sh IT ple an ge ty Rial oy GS gate et alee tr HB Heb tle age pre bm fom= = 2707 grate = wp at Bl GUC She bagtyg fom!= Ly [(Hl) gues Se 5) AAI Call Ge YS Spl eb ob cial Glad yT Se Heel 25 SUIS IS 4 GIR pl spel Ly Gtr La YS yl oye Co a (pe igh aly Ub toe tips ye pe ly elope par * wapk eb ub te Bpe yge Uladpe on 36 a8 nb u0KN F=Hi0kN AW le Je v4 nA VA ale psBET pale cola ag eal aby Clann 5 IES 4 WOISHR 395 5) [Se Opps ca ge Mab Cal Ct Gg I lb 3 lp S el EF ea SI ELE S09 Ob) gS patel) Giye cel TOKN glen ob 5 2mm Gals Migr GL Lg Spb te 529 CIE) S may tee at aly LIN Lal ah ISS Opens Coe tld Ape She till y Jyh gg oy Sil a0. as 36 8 72s [a Foi 29 AU EL 539 CB) OS patel toe 4 OT Usb sli LA dle 2 eye Sb (ar She By Sse gs f 363 es ra F=12KN pe 3 250mm 5 6 4 (Sy, = 400-550 MPa «5, = 250MPa) plat Si jG Yee K, Ua Saag 92S 12.5 mm Coe ye pede GAS ot gal ge ger gt EE 33 WS LUT Cog BLE Se CB) oS Geta te a dpb Cal pee bat Le 6 pe ont he Ae Glo lal y yb gs 25 5S) V¥-4 wn VA alee ye wea win VA ale yee \F-4 winNDF paths ola gay galley sctileny is IGE 5 DB es ek ee Soll Ol te ye lise Ob 59 te (ae tt Gat ee a pe tt glee 999 JES UWS ALIS Ghani cael tad pe shel 52 ASKIN pee cleal sh qsaljl nS aki 200%150:mm alads 4 $1 cue! duis SEE UL Gail gate LEG BMPR slew pte 25 ppt 3h) Rigg cle 5} 250mm 2 200 mmm 655 glaj52 5 150 iil glaj,2 Jb gens gb Shar GIS 32 ty pte ly [St 32 Gtr 50 4 T= 2300 N-m 5 kts «al |p ebet s IKI oe GV SOS y|y> JSS Sigal ape bth, 120MPa oye CIS 53 Shem phe HS SN ect, 10] F=754N Va-4 wiA Ved spl Ten h le Js, vi-4 fl V4 lee ye yy-4 fill THA allan Josaotaintats | ow Srey Canty S sg ISH pe Ly dt cele IVS G39 GIES 9 FAIS eS le AS Wok dan Ath ayes 62MPa tye 3B pS 45 SI. se gore ad ee 4b Srvleb 3 hy b3 29 Sy LIK SS Wy A gl ab pal iy opr wSltl coed w= 50mm y 1=12.5 mm «JSD pone gl oS Wag Ly pe ee LT ad 20 MPa lee oe 2S GSS Oe OS Gad VU sel cus 4 igs 450N & 2S aul 95 wl om 90 Jybu Jy aie 3 , 1251x2500 5 tales F glen sb oth 2 cl Ga pd 9 6010 35 SI JSS Ogee Sa 51K 52 SI 2S Mg pee east oT ae aaly Lp nt ves iil WYN alee Je Ugh j1AEAS Ogee ei pd AD ass 2p IES LSS Seal 6010 Gige 29,50) YEA asf YPN ale Je ro-4 oil 10-4 alae Je: @ilic alia Otay Ont col jal alb Gus hg pals Ss dea