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(512mm ab ebe o3IIT AS Ol cal dead ge slong) lad ol b L LN isl 59 eis lta «(Unified) dvs slas AHA JS Uagensss ib slaty EAT lps sleds ae 299 eal d3y ana go bse sila af boas Y-A Js she ass gine Md 9M sia slags sh Soy pi =Dle) (ae) 09939 Ke phi =D ld) 323193) Sha 2B = Dalle) Agape) e979 195) Slee pf pS =P laa) H=05(3'"ptle nha | HA AWA Uys ge olny oo 572 lage 1.07 17 0.35 1 & aan 179 207 0.40 2 aaa 298 3.39 0.45 25 4a7 503 05 3 6.00 678 06 35 775 8.78 07 4 127 142 08 5 179 1 01 6 36.0 39.2 1 328 36.6 1.25 8 56.3 612 1.25 52.3 580 «15 10 86.0 921 1.25 763 (B43) 175 12 6 125 15 104 ns 2 a 157 167 15 144 157 2 16 (259 272 1S 225 245 25 20 365 3842 34 35302=~O3 2 596 621 2 Se 561 35 30 884 15 (2 759 B74 36 1230 126002 1050 12000245 42 1630 16702 1380 7. 5 48 2250 2300 2 1910 2030 55 56 2980 3030 2 2520 2680 6 64 3800 386002 3280 uso 72 4800 4850 15 4140 4340 6 80 6020 61002 5360 5590} %0 7470 7560 (2 6740 699 6 100 9080 902 0 eee Gnd 1226 B69p 3 dyy JB cal hy Sg yam Cel le nln BIB. 1-197B yANSIBI.-1974 3a Lana y Yalan” hy Sy AS GE hee une oye Bey Sy pS AS Eile ag dy = d 0649 5199 3 IS dy 84 01g Sash lage Slee ITAA saJSt od Su (Aste) 435543 5 ep otis sleeyis jo Sua GUYS dee a Cl Acme ge sland og S Fp clap Co BTA Use ort ces OLA yy ay bihenl ay lmsT 5S Oya Cael jee Cle! BIO ILL ep ods AS pi aly inti Chel Bll & Acme y ex slees32 BOLT AL Ee Gratis eLWS bir US! ot ilelay died SG ld l slat 95 15° ebb y FS yp hey Bi S Lal eg (25 5248) Feb S pif 55 |) Acme Sluis 4S ete AaaFMT pSlaaae oladbeasl alle y Uncanny by Lansias eas gay YA Iga UNF 9 UNC «grit (Unified) sane ois laggy alte hw » pbb N 0.001 51 0.001 80 80 0.0600 ° 0.00237 0.00278 72 0.00218 0,002.63 64 0.0730 1 0.00339 0.003 94 64 0.00310 0.00370 56 0.0860 2 0.00451 0,005 23 56 0.00406 0.004 87 48 0.0990 3 0.00566 0.006 61 48 0.00496 0,006 04 40 0.1120 4 0.00716 0,008 80 44 0.00672 0.007 96 40 0.1250 5 0.00874 = 0.01015 40 0.00745 0,009 09 32 0.1380 ‘6 0.01285 0.01474 36 0.01196 = 0.0140 32 0.1640 8 0.0175 0.0200 32 0.01450 © 0.0175 2 0.1900 10 0.0226 = 0.0258 28 0.0206 0.0242 24 0.2160 12 0.0326 0.036 4 28 0.0269 = 0.0818 20 0.2500 } 0.0524 0.0580 24 0.0454 0,052.4 18 0.3125 é 0.0809 0.0878 24 0.0678 = 0.0775 16 0.3750 i 0.1090 = 0.1187 20 0.0933 © 0.1063 4 0.4375 % 0.1486 = 0.1599 20 0.1257 01a 9 13 0.5000 } 0.189 0.203 18 0.162 0.182 12 0.5625 % 0.240 0.256 18 0.202 0.226 uN 0.6250 i 0.351 0.373 16 0.302 0.334 10 0.7500 3 0.480 0.509 “ 0.419 0.462 9 0.8750 3 0.625 0.663 12 0.551 0.606 8 1.0000 1 1.024 1.073 12 0.890 0.969 7 1.2500 ay 1.521 1.581 12 1.294 1.405 ‘6 1.5000 Wy SHS I 5 AS ah Sten al anaes dy 06095199 3) 1E by od —1299 0p lan 39 S55 J al osaT ANSIBII-1974 3) gt el” (hy NS AS AS pba la gle 2 THA JS pHi Renate o canatl bel abe | fre pin | La (jacks) WyVe y by See FM, alg eb ang OL) gral ON eel ae Se Ele Sa ge ERA JS aslo 455 OTL KS sys Ogle Ee UI es pA te 9 ae sage Ez ae $92 39 “ 1567 (6 ode Sil Ja US cai ALS Gt 035 BS dd ge SOA JS w BY EAS tly eal te cel F GIS ad Jb 2 Qk ea a A noe pS My |p sb O2yaT ctl 9 O22 Y-A Jyae Basrely sn cla ‘Acme Y-A FAA JS Joyce apple graPANE alae tall al by Lace Lassies Lage \ A dy @ FD FR a B Flat | it © cn Ge Sy is Ad pee FHA JS) Sl ESL gee Bid Ip SG LBS oS ISO cahoots Mee AEM I y oa Gp Silee jabty sla plo dares col Be S Corl las ela gS Sages Bas Lae ae Cel pty Wal) Ole POA OA GLI 92 Rashi apg Bay aly pees S Coal gb pL ase Pr Gad petit OLS FUL apts ls cetdbe 395 MPN JS) aS ype Jae ee & PL 375 D2IdT Salk Ele 2 (IFA JRA) 3b Slay Bai pee oly Ce eS > bey N gape cad 2 f Ahoy ale coh 0ay VE Gly Gay etl Jalal 59 okt . 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(\\-A) ceed FU it pil oats by bey ee te 2 ee A 2xd,n,p/2 md,np (\¥-A) AGES OWE | Cet) At Meondie” GML 2 0” «von Mises 25 cael ee te) SVL? 1S gt ON JS gene el Tape ortat SUG 9 alae Bayne UE 6F Ga 4 a4 uno aazggt ISH OF Gta I TEP) oat erat tag 5) GAAS Ay cla WS gayld Saag cael ede, obs ij) gy we JRE Bye ape OS OLAS JSS pat LOT Sy Sl LS pi rns Weld bk S SoH deals 3b aoe 32 ILS: pte GS o2 Glands opty 5]e Bless (sy HAS 25 OTL S2 gab O18 py dais Gl 0.25 p92 Jb 0.38 oats WS aay OL obs Ly O.38F ips S pladale SS. 5 ays] 99 Sl ceed sb 5 abst pata be aay ape 9 ois SF 2 WAS Clee pe ate IR me clea by F lee ul els 2 elFAD | tla slabs! al y Lacy by asta Jas Lagay dale plRene 52 Cul 13 aly y2 4mm lS 5 32mm Sop jbl wp obs Uh ey (col FSGAKN ge 2 sly yede= 40mm f= f= 0.08 S> lees yp BuIA JSS oS Mag Ly pity Sb y tay gas (lS eb 8 0 ee (ll) wah cea Ly sh dazsT gal 9 2y Ve ly pSY Glarskes (Y) cag) Condes sh O22 Wh (Kaw | OS Mab gee 5 32 GIES 5 pte CL, JS ly by ASS 25 (2) Bt AS Gates 9 Vom Mises 255 9 421) 99 opty oa Ay 92 gree lat G) was Cera Ly Edge Ole 559 2mm baal pS aad ply 9 OLS ais oe 9 Gao GINA JS 5 (GD — p/2=32-4/: d,=d—p=32—4=28mm 1=np=2(4)=8mm ob ply? ge OLE lp (3Y EAS PHA) 9 (I-A) aa b (D) Fan (1+afdm 2 ).466 + 10.24 = 9.77 N- J 25 9 Se glee ey O05 oS Jag Olt an alae ge Code ASN FAS WUT yey Oatloey shy pSV 3S 2 SL OT Gol Hb ob Hb 5,0 el SY aly le AE ly S cel ale ah 022 We v2 AS 25k © Fl__64@) e= = 0311 2nTe 2x(26.18) le Be Dae 2 Te stn IAS 3 gt ad 32 gt 50) r= 18Te _ 16(26.18)00°) _ 6 97 apy ad (28°) by et { wn oocathe ctiel gabe | fe Hn & 629 Ah Saget SS 4F __ 4(6.4)10° 39MPa ndp (28) AS Joo |) O.38F 032 Slog Fas 25 (4) 20.38F)__ 2(0.38)(6.4)10° Ady (1)P (30)(1)(4) —12.9MPa (AS Joe |) 3b O38F otis SG AS oy ais 4 59 ee 8S) S(038F) _ 61038 (6.4)10° ad,(\)p (28)(1)4 =41.5MPa a 8 eee by AS ly al pie at I SU A hale AS pe ee 0432 age SANA JSS ys dutes GUST col 6.07 MPA us (3) 3 53 AS ois ahaa el IS ein =41.5MPa pe OE OF a STP) ne = Fz {41-0 +[0-C1039)}'+-10.39—41.5)4+6(607))" = 48.7 MPa 1) von Mises 5 (VY-F) xe Sab ree 9 25 Ged Ly gel GUT opie Soe Pm oda ge aay (VORP) ca 5h glad GUA ES AS yp SAS 55 Tamar Ah isl IE gu! CSL, ES oe eae pl pte BS ape pone lee 2p SOW BEL BT ae SES rs ee Sogt had (VEY) cae sheen 25 ales gb |) So gla 2s cal lel lye ala bel 2.79,~13.18 MPa (=F) ae 59 Ly YT cesloy,02,03 =41.5,2.79,—-13.18 MPa lol clas seas rss _fiis-200 fe79— Crsa8T 415 18— asl" 2 = 48.7 MPa © le Fina =F eM AS Ot ekBAY | pid ela Jail yale y Lacan ly Lancia leas! agar ene 17.2-24.1 Bn ays 50.8 mm/s 11-172 Ba 2s 40.7 men/s 12.4172 ong 102-204 mm/s 55-96 Ba ays 102-204 mm/s 4169 reg 254 mm/s 7 i 2 0.15-0.25 0.15-0.19 0.15-0.23 0.15-0.25 Sas 0.11-0.17 0.10-0.15 0.10-0.16 — 0.11-0.17 antl gig) 2¥gs 0.06-0.09 - 0.04-0.06 ——0.08-0.12 on 0.17 0.12 az yp Ye' 0.15 0.09 az pose SY 0.10 0.08 Bin pe I 0.08 0.06 Bip poe gh fe 39 2s) Seer Saree ob 4 ge Glas 92 tL ca pd WS sls OLS ‘Ryan y Ham B20 gt ede AS se Malay at agg 9S Fee Sletlyy by Col Ce pe 5 fine scl OTS G0.10 2g Cyd lage, 32 Alle Hp als col i 599 VS age Gale JTS pate glee Cin sly Ls 534 peel EASE LS OA Jy RET yo Alle alps POA Sgr g Ushi al yo Calor gid tb Cal ne OMA Jy sal Gly cS > (Sor cal J pane hye (Threaded Fasteners) 315095) sla Jlail 9 Wow > AB y Golal sll ya 5) lacorel oS Olay bbe pW y slo095y GldLatl gla toy tells cart 3 cal Dail ag lS ob 5 GIG OLE 35) 5) ALS aba oy) 5 gl al at eb Sey 9 Cael aS Sa By! AIS cal pe Bay 9 lS ST ab 2 cel cel |, Ham and Ryan, An Experimental Investigation ofthe friction of Screw-threads, Bulletin 247. University of Mlinois [Experiment Staton, Champaign-Urbana, I June 7, 1932. O-A Jase laf lle als 203093) Sie Secath otal gabe | FIA [Season ne a fi 1 ie WS otin a 2S godis HBT gee 29S col oll SLE pe ge ILS yo OA IS ae ab cal LT TPC Ugae 52 Lee ghatl IAS Spa bw wt cy yt tie 2 gt bel ply Uy) ge 25 on Wnleeass dpb D al ABU al cle ly 2D+tin = L<6in (\¥-A) pp+tin L>6in ole Fake 4 6 Sex sles 2D+6 L200 See ges Ela ip Daye ad g9 Se ib a ge 09 Ske I Lh gy Gel gb 252 SHES D939 lap Sosa IEA IS cl bbe SIU Maal GWE 3) py Ca we VSI Ge 2 at ALS Ste Shy ae 8 Sl ISIN ge ABE Ga aS y Chae Comey Sy BE eg 9S IS OS Ne Gree 9 9 Se sel BV Sy et tend alt bBo S Gad ool aany Je pal ab see bye GS oie ly wes ge Se ya GLAS tae Seah ge AS UT UT gs Coe oe Gaile by Sp jly9 9 eet SIE tle pd ZS S475 Uhh Oped ey EES Og Lo ete Sa IS yp pets tee phan SKS ge ee lla og 9 MEL gay D9 Soe Sine lS Te I IAS Ge pita CUS aN S Ste her pl] SS plo etis l sy Lp ath Shae 5 F556 Sail (hexagonshead cap screws) p35) 2S At Ghgx Wage cel cel ead Pal Jyuee 52 ASE pe lage laejltl cel (bolt) ype ge Hip Cae SLE II SS le jah 9 AI Ly aang BS Rte clagy Syl Sle Cel eal Vo A SSE 53 ots? Gage jI Keo Ayltte 6 Ste signe Se LL jloey3, Sales iI agetle Jyaae carl Blige poster b cathe Glage JI Gell WHA SS yo cme Fin b 0 4A JS che tft me ae ed S428 Sp 39 lage 9 093) 3eT Ueda -ont ly me ee 93 3 Aa| | PAG pslagak el JLeatl galley Lnciuy Uy Usain JLiast Lagu Vena JS wea? en Wg te IS 2S po al) 85 po Saleh ahs ue (Q) Soll) Gish Ae Sod ta slags, slash 9A Je col ating pt So lags, IS JS 259 tals pp cel gt VIHA JS | Us JS JI platige: | ort slugs | In IS 2S D See pa iG fem > SSO Cog ASH Ocathe clin! yale | FY. w ” ae eed ATTIC Jygaee 59 0 tan Jee ih te nS y9 Bla gn 2S Cie (IRia gt oS OT gy lS a el oe 0853 he ad 599 3b 9 AS ge Ca gE Ly wis SAT Ag IS 2p ead 9 Lye pled & Ot A SU es yp cide IE ool ay SH obs e WE SA ots CIF Woints—Fastener Stiffness) & Jlai! 93 oAsS Cai (gti cht Glasks gap? ashye DLE ISA clad Cand Oy S LEG LS Shall a oS a SVS Dy 9 ote 9 Ge eole Shea atl tls (JS Caglia i 7 Glo pAB a ph atcel 5 ol b yey Shi shell ox Bs eps sse2$ ol gage eh edt eee el SE as tS Nye ee Cle 22 aT Gla san ge TEA JS a Ly AS ah pb este 9 ge b Jha che ala all gm Jlatl Else 0999 ge 095) S rt SE 0 ily Lael nts AST eae Lyd ably Cae shy ote 9 Ge S pls LTA L (pretension) 25 ogy ayo gpl el dea pate bah oS Oke 54,5 U opt Peal AAS Lah tile ge SLaatl 33 ce pp OLE Cain ge 5} py AS ef (bolt pretoad) GL aph ayly oly Baal ge dey SLES aalad 32.59 9 RES gy 92 ol IGS 60 let Cds panty bab O yp VY-A JSS ii Be cla egtgae gles (ill) pata be) ee (en cle tae (0 ula dee Pin ch ais AAA Js ish yar ee deal PAS ap 2 ct y Sly 99 38 WS Gopi ane jl abl Jbl 059 adpnne 9SFNL gtlek tals aly acl Lasalle ma 51S 29 (cap sorew) 29,32 ey OT 2 S weg 1) PAS sh 25 SK2 Deal FHA JES 52 4g pods (studs) s15055y Uae 2 palS (ope SL) Slaail chy Soo ty) cal rey ae 32 29 999 Aad D9 ISL 9 tila aly mae Day Laas poe Mee aad ce gy pa? SS 2 BU Ly ope etd Slat 02,5 voly ly tag oh Coe Bye Sy Lage cle Jol tas 1323 legs Gall Meee oniy py? dhe Se AND) oa Geb ey fie OLS pete ly Cal do Se otal ()-0) a 2 S BEF Shas p52 EL aie HE iL Gly ead I AU JS eid pte 4 20h) Ga wy Sal 1-0 dhe EE 9 (FO) ome Ogg slate 3 ae et] oy 08 pAb 5S WS Cl claale aan (cil Oler (grip) Lg 48 55451 Slat S 52 JRE 99 eal Ky 30 9 pete 92 US pares eS yl ITAA JS 2 [op adtS Cae pe 92 22S (Dolt screw) gay Coens OT ties Slee Cal edad VOA yd 59 fe pS slain VTA seed bongs 9 esas Ue Hae BE 2S 15 Sart Aeel (Series) ga SLs 39 abe gar Isles ge te OH pk one pt dls Gly l-O dle raya hak (\a-A) Path Y Ee Me Be 8 yb MU 8 ge bain 9 sangiy Cae pb EF (THD) ane I (5-A) (AA g IMA gldgde) AAS G85 Glas = Ay oS oS sol Jony5s db =h we Son Bl che = Stel sire Ib =la ali yp (VO-A) oan 32 1) ae 92 gol (y-A) AA Aali+ Arla AF-A JS aps Ula tty AY alalgal ose pe ant Se gid (dg 4 (7 then) diye Hester sage Be of sl sits 938 Le unt pt |) O-ring el a 56 Fg Lomb ¥-R Ups)seal cate | 11 Y-A dade hail si ol sly Up pl yd eS poles lavas les wee ED setae " Ugdz iI Kye ail Proll PY 1932 Ugh sal slags 2D+}in, Lb <6in 2D+4in, Lb >6in 54 Sage . 2D+6mm, L <125,D< 48mm br =) 2D+12mm, 125 <_< 200mm 2D+25 mm, L > 200 mm L > h4 15d sJLasl Ugh 4 > Lot H bal Ugb TWY-ll Ups Babee 03 5 26 sag ase Ug eab2g¢ ose Ug Myst by sake Meat Ly sacha along ots Spb yon la sake ‘93206 Oe Gls Cole Aaa x4 wyloogi Utde ghie Colas YAU =A dyae Ay a MAE Dla sine Aas + Alle leans papilla Sane phe tab Se glngay 8G ays cel aT Wo yt 93 S Sos ga nage 9 gg Lat Sl aby tlyre ee lal pl ya ni Last las OS eingg Jb VTA ISD pra oS gladLall 32 cool pS Lal 32 gy Bh Ge nS SB WS ately GLa DLatl sly 9 254 1S YES Ly VPA) wae tests Ogi ge ck cL gly 9 Col - atl de VO Syd cal SIE Gilg p59 lar Lt aS lone (Joints—Member Stiffness) Jlai! glac! tw Shake pine GP oil 39 19S Gr pS Merl yal) iS Cie pe sie lp tay Gh 9 SUL DEAT) I ny Dla SK, GLEE IS, 4 One Sle SH Gey b Eee Mol pele SS 3k ale gst AS Aloe Gylb sla pi Open be pte oy! dan Wb) tee S aol p> pars jl ty alt (VA-A) S Call pS Obey ol pie Ces sie Opes LOL gle WEL LY daypae 5! LS SI ip Sy Gl By Aad ey LC pile y Ce ple a sie SN Os PD Ge Oe US I ta Se al slp ts Oy Sail be OSL BS ot arte AE bad bs YS tol ope Say US ul anda gS Lapa 92 US WS Gaal slyly Grel,d tay "Ito ASA SH get pt ih 99 ST le tla 385 LE OT 5 ee CLA ly LS aye Ae Aas ool BS let tte by Aw als LL) Rother LY by ia 24, Ito pet Sa asl bby pa sacle eget py eel 2S eh AS na.ge OLS Ly 0 ol ash Gad L phy see IS slanjlail YO-A JSS High SIS LS pop portly Bab5 2S aU pie S dae 2158 “Little Ul oye eel BSS sly als (pee TL Oey ete AVS) apd aye Sly eK 30° ES spl 53 aay als |) 25°S a S33" sylys ety 52 Osgood AALS by po yp LSS Gly SIF ale Se SNP ES Sy 5 cde GUS oy by ee I Spe Ugh GIS CNOA JS a by Je el ee AP) ae pees Se | (al a5 = Fe EA nese glcoley Annig—ny=a{(ranas 2) (4) tana ~a{rmes 24] 2.Y. Ito, J, Tayoda, and S. Nagata “Interface Pressure Distribution in a Bolt-Flange Assembly.” ASME paper no. T7WADDE-11, 1977, 5, RE. Lite. “Bolted Joints: How Much Give?" Machine Design, Nov. 9, 1967. 4,C. C. Osgood, “Saving Weight on Bolted Joints,” Machine Design, Oct. 25, 1979. oAcable ipligal se | eve b + VORA JSD Spe Seifoh a FH alae lant olys * t 4 t pat bye Sool i a z Rb tyrnbol yey i \ | i scaly Ugh | Lada 99 o er) ah Dab alsa eS LSE y ei (ll) ae 2 oF SI @ a_F f)__@x ZE J [xtana+(D+d)/2][xtana+(D—d)/2] cle dee aed aL Sl Iyer SaS ey ® (Qrtana+D-d)(D+d) Qrtana+D+d)(D—d) cal ba ol Gk BE (4A) e-Pe sEdvas 3 jy] @ttana+D—dyD+dy (Qrtana+D+d)(D—A) pl Bee = 30" 0.5774 2Ed oo” k= [aiss+D-a Ord) / (1551+ D+d)(D—d) VACA) oat pape 9S lee SLatl 52 pail by pee ya ly ub Ly (4A) & (YA) wae dal gs 3 hp SU sine oh OLS, by pu 92 OLS (Young’s modulus) E PLAS a pe hail sacl SI pS Spb Sh.2 gh kim SIZ (VACA) ae I EAA gh Coty OLS i 2 Sle HEL OY ap lagae 3 EF tl, Sly qlee je dy 9 1= 2 wEdtana Cy ee (Mana +d, —d)(d, +4) (tana +d, +d)(d,—d) Bh edlg= 15d Y yy cael abhi AES Ate ge AD ly LS apd Sy cle pd Dpto one (NMA) ae lth = 30" O.S7742Ed 0577414 0.5d 0.57741 -+2.5d (ra) kn = 11 IS pl cael ObET te gpl sony let Glddales ng aly OF Ss ap JIS Ole; tals ala? cemegiealiy, Ob. celVO | galiae lala yal y nc ly Lassa Jas Lagay a4 oma + Roticher 8 © Mischke 45° ae (A Mischke 30° 28 XX Motoch 26 u da 320 dis Bis uu ia os 06 “or 03 Os 07 09 13 1s LT 1 an Dp hig os Kg Ed ly OF Seded & (1A) ome a Fon nana Ed, |Cuna+d,—d(d,+d) Wileman Lt skgats pave gl L dy odor V3 I glael gly @=30° Gey onl? Bote LadPA JS dl git wie S Lally dhe gpl ayde shel ear °Green y Choudury SRA pe Hell pote Se WET SU tes e804 Cot 616 = 30" alg Blak A 5 ky (rY-A) Ta Acxp(Bd/l) bs sept lel y 2yatbenl Sy cpl sly col abl AA Syde 3 By A ole ey ele (TA) ae Seo gla pe 59 Lal al ales Un ale hg thee Meaelone sl (TTA) oa scl Slee 0.62873 0.78715 30.0 = 070.291 063816 0.79670 «103° 710.334 0.63553 079568 «173° «90.326 061616 077871 14510002115 eSB se 0.62914 0.789 52 wpe Ally 5 J. Wileman, M. Choudury, nd I Green, “Computation of Member Stiffness in Bolted Connections," Trans. ASME. I.-Mech, Design, vol. 113. December 1991, pp. 432-437. AeA JSS aie as shyt shal of cismnr ees ee Deal Se slaty etch 9 Micha Rocher ashy! bs lL Motosh dasegs (FEA) ogame 1 .Choudury aman sa Grn AAA dys ye tite sla ak, lage ioe |. Wena M. Gry ad L Green, Canpuaton enter Stes n Bae (Gmecions. ans ASE 1 ‘Nec Des 113, Dacenber 991 pp. 432-47atl tial yal | tye Be 9 ge a, chee L207 GPa GLAS Gy psy 12mm AIS Kp GV Gay 92 VOM diya hae Aart ly pe hig 2b G7 let ny gat 24 mm age 725 Ky ails y MIZ 8 Go UIIKas 4 Wileman (FEA) 2 sows slr! ales SLs oo Ly dan 9 gS Ley ail d= 12mm 5 1= 26.4 mm L (YY-A) ae i) oud 124+12+42.4= 26.4 mm 6 35101 > oly ‘7 207(108)12, ‘ 0:577(264)+05(2)] 08900" Nim 0.577(26.4) +2.5(12) ANT-A) sa B= 0.62873 A = 0.78715 A~A Jy. 5I ‘em = 207 (10°) (12) (0.78715) exp[0.62873(12)/26.4] 2602.1(10)° N/m scl oso Y iI aS yl Caght 9 SID ppt lpn (NEA) 9 (TEA) sae gal cl osly (Bolt Strength) ay cuglio FA NS Cas op pS pale Gy fa L ASTM leg Cashin Lan ge y ge ite Late 9 Sahay Shy ght Cagle pS yal Sb rms NS ashi tS fron pila ISH othe ae S Sol osc bob ete al Sh NS Cagle pay eel GAAS st Gay pen oy UL ly Ne cel (OLAS IB 3) pga jlail Gl oul pos) gue Slo JSS jakS 0.0025 mm LGllee hase sla ge ai Mel sha GUL all y LES Cagle Kile lS Caylin 9 Sil Got Soedyslesel ly ath SI a Oye sT aL alle Gal Sb cL b pe ey ea SU nage OLS gay yy Cash STL el LES Caglin CIE WA JSb cule SAE (S038 Ly gy 1g Ath (120 kpsi) 828 MPa I tL ply ASTM Cuyli gy aS Pel de ae aie 29 1VeA ses vo se pt og 539 ae le gt oy eaglin Sle opt 4 le ‘ 5, =1001.26P0 3 she ll «| agy=71.1MPo 0030 4180160170 180 MPR Sys pS CagleFH | pohaae oladLeasl alte y Lncaeny |p Listas Lait Lagay 4A par SAE sagh Gtyf ued yo lage, Slade Q hase Sos 36 oo 3 myo danse LS oS 57 74 55 2 36 60 33 O oagtS ys basin on S 100 us 65 Lay 4 QET cages Gy SF 92 120 85 os] 5 81 105 74 Vly ' o ET on Sp ca j5,b4 92 120 85 a] 52 . QO CBT deagis o S LST ns 133 105 Hy 7 @ QET chaagie SL SLT 130 150 120 fly 8 3 BT on 595 130 150 120 82 238 slyly 120 psi jlade AA ye 2 5 9652 in sey ee lope) gay CLE cela MIG cslaojll b 8.8 03,8 sly |) 830 MPa os + slags \\-A Jyste 52 3] gal 1b basal s S74 Sage Gla a VHA dygde 32 ASTM loge sly JSS Geer 4 angst Lp M36 6 ol adel Calla oy aS palin WMA J ye SLES gl pS AS ar gllle a pS cel SAE Gage Slate AA ye 52 Syke Blan S tae Sige 2p GIS LAE ayy Wey Care Glas Oba 93 Olt sal poi Cog BLAS Ce B15 BSA Dal ley S 53955) p99 Gy Cul ogeeGetle alia! gals | Fra Ve-A dyer SAE agi Ug ES yo lage, Slade aye b oS OLS 36 60 3 dh A307 A325, GET haagis oy S ” 120 85 al 105 74 les SF captile 2 120 85 oy A325, ast 81 105 74 Waly ten, GBT o9;lya Yh 7 120 85 al 105 74 © : GET SHUT 3Yys 109 125 105 15 95 QT .s3ldT 3Y3 130 150 120 ro] A354, BD oy QET ages on S 2 120 85 H Aaag al 105 74 Vly 58 90 55 bs BT asl 3,5 130 150 120 Hh A690, le GET soja Ys 130 150 120 hh AA90, TesFHA | pShayae collins! ale 5 acon Ly Lansins float aga V=A Ugo SE oly bse B95) p92 9 utes? isi Clage slang SF ston © CBT shaagie oS 660 (@) 600, M16-M36 88 angie LS oS 340 420 310 MI.6-MI6 48 daugie b 6S on 420 520 380 MS-M24 58 CBT begs oS 720 900 650 MI.6-MI6 98 940 1040 830 MS-M36 109 1100 1220 970 MI.6-M36 129 (eons) SAIS 5 ASRS ae ga lo 0552 da fas +6 isies Lpapast2 — 1a5 581 y Sy is SI eel ob 2513 arg hb AS ules dhe 2 65 5 asia 5 pa Le, Ogre 25> ah Oe SAI IS Sul AHS Coy cp Frans S apt es eel Dy els rio e GOV BBS JRE abd vag 5 GID gy Sag 09S Ge Eph Ga S pr ate Aa gee 9 2d 9S eel age Gant ote Gel AS Cel te Gul CLES GIF th SS Ie AEF sb pj Gala -Y-A (Tension Joints—The External Load) SA Sean TOA JSS Open sleds 9 ge Aba a arly P ese EASE Foss! OT a SS Sy yh aed SM a ge 09 SEY LP OLE Note S Cul oT Us sp) aaleayhe LeGLs cal hb ayy Jail a gS A she, shat Ie AAS P USI gs pee Pol jl pe ote eal, Lapdest sul ee P ELI GS HC Ua pe pte oP rst oh iI ERS =1-€ pe Sk aslo Uy Sg ulsil gel ages 8 sll a Jatt Jyh His PLS Ob so pat ts ati eal JSF aly pee ad = Pani (al) @ ith (3) Pp, =P—P,=(1-C)PPNT etl ae la leasl ale 5 Lacan ly Lasuias Jens! Lagay rr p 0.832 0.168 12.69 2.57 26 0.864 0.136 11.33 179 3 0.886 O14 10.63 1.37, 4 k Ss (a) = * Ot ky ee ok tal eran 5 tS Death pee OL OS (YF-A) Fy=P,+R=CP+R Fy <0 wSlatl slael so) sb sale» (YO-A) Fy =Py—F=(1-C)P—F, Fy <0 Seago Ly Gel bth Lal y2 otis pSone gh syle S cael pine 35 6 YS us cpl spptleals OLE (YO-A) va pee 99 Laid 9S ailate al edad sie gen pads 03hy3 SLEW Yalo Gly WHA Jy (YOAA) 5 (VFA) wae 53 P Cal ne G4 1-C 9 C GUC Sy Ord y aul GS Ne 3h a ad Ve tan 99 Cael asl LI aes ae pee Sd Ft gl PUBS oan 9 te SE GINS sh 32 6S gy Canal gS eb zu ah bese BS ge Fe Al IE UT Lape ope AS Usb Se ATG we ote glial, (Relating Bolt Torque to Bolt Tension) SV eb oar ST Otabl thay ab obs Le 4 oe uae cll Obs ab ge yl Syd SaSey Ch S alah Gps) pay Se lly oT Ugh oly 5) ptt wl gb AIjil b= RI/(AB) 3shyp dere Dbeabl Uy Sbasl 99 abil hte lS gol bb Job Gulsil B osLul e ge EN gy Elam site 6 Ope CAS oS ag tL (Sorew) HWS pe Quy DAE SL BS HL 2 gal Ib opt b ge OE 52 ot LaLe Bole 99 Cal ey tL po Oy Shey ght lel tay gies gar 2S Le Ly game shuts ly abel tes tS ab 6S 2SEES SGT 2 2p WS Ly ope Odilay dljer Leslee Gol sb-| «(torque wrenching) daa ge OLS Ly shots, 9ktS wal Gazer > Say Clee ABT ade UL oy aps Meebo Fob SUSY phage IAS ay Dalat UT AS Cael Glee ULES pal asl ne Gal bel 2 att Ua Tae syby sh dba dybel ey 32 badly Lye VY-A dpa la as Alone clacl lagac 9 ee Ab S dy Fintanc ways A-A hab any silat it iaiictas nial,ctl ubel gabe | ery — 23.6, 27.6, 28.0, 294, 303, 307, 329, 338, 338, 33.8, 347, 356, 356, 37.4, 37.8, 378, 39.2, 40.0, 40.5, 427 B= ASM ee Aa F =H sate cle” Bs ay ce pt Gp (smupetight) 94 ele only daly Cs oo pe Dalley 299 32 acel a a tg ae albe aoed aT aS AOE UY gab Ue apd ae LS cal She ol Dalby shade Ub oo ge Dut a3 ede AES LS! stp Mat Sop AIS AE chagy HS tips le oS tebe Ly le sh te & Ode ab det py Ss2 180? Sad Ld cake Coy abe yo ih oy ete sal al op te 22 Glasle IEA OA slodln col oe oh 9 OF Ge GLE hy BE nl S CaS aay J bt ce Shams Sle a po Ld te ays] ants Gane hte le (SY ash Bae asl p PA) OA) 6 OS b Ulgiyg EL, (ain Fidm(I+7fdmseca) | Fifede 2 (dy —Ffiseca)” 2 St path My yy Conch Mlaae Gee 9 yy cel tam = Ut Op Rd, hs rade (Oo) 2 (SD) ae DSI eel de = (d+1.Sd)/2=1.25d 4d, Li Kile _|[an}( tam +f secer ® rfl B22E ease ne ope yates Kl (torque coefficient) gtr 32S os po pli LL) Ay S 0532 dla aa SI dy ){ tanh. + fsecar (rs-A) -(S SS} 005% ony or (Om (rv-A) T=KFd dyde 320 fog f lenge 252 Stor Siloilyy Objer 5 C52 qlee Clay 4 Hl aps GIN Tg el K £0.20 f = fe = ONS Shp S| (VIAN) sae Ile Cig onl OS wth fe Lends doy jy 9 cata “aha S Wy age, 4 tare tS 09 Soyly LIS GL LLST qb Kurtz 5 Blake 6.J.C. Blake and H. J. Kurtz, “The Uncertinties of Measuring Fastener Peload,” Machine Desig, vol.31, Sept. 30, 1965, pp. 128-131. VWAA dpa AF Seta ee ae igs Yo opt 2928 slaty we 9ON-m eine eit aintPITT pala ne (sla laasl gale y Lacie Ly Lnesias fleas! Lagay OO _ 303, 325, 325, 929, 329, 338, 343, 347, 374, 405 VPA dase, Ten2M Mee Ga FSI soa ate OF hate Qik ae bps V+ opesl 22) OA Sjlasily 9ON-m ptape pk 1O-A Ugae 29.tlole abet alps 0.20 692 FSy le ie 0.18 dlailgy be (NY-A) .a 0.16 pe Ss, 0.12 Bowman oS Jaina ly Blake spsiselge alas Ul ah ptine 9S ald G59 JI y2gul OLE LT Lbs et IES Ly Labia 9b IL 52 52 Fin-20 UNF loge Gly) skit Kurtz y eh 90. Nom phaney 5328 ly MI2X1.25 Ge O pred Gel SS Spar 800 IF «in scaled EAS EA clad site 52 SI glides 4 bas b ge 4249 9 gel Bulll Gla Lbs Slge sles Gl pall jlo AEN OLS shite Sle tie es ye S py COV L SKN slalyy | Gligy shes Glau cul O15 ay4- COVL 5 49KN Lil n9 Cel 0.9 24> 43 32 ly (TAA) cae oS Cal BAN oye 5 tts S33 LG yi od yo Sle 1.208, opie K cil 22 AS ge sly Ly VO-A Jae palde ete 9 ge Sy, OIE; 5! Bowman « j Sp R02 tet iS 1y gy dale SI y prise Se |b palée ead IS Coal Sleail 22S P=2BKN jb p25 8.8 05,5 C9 otis M20 6 2» aes cutl Ky = 2417.72 K/min yy 138.78 kN/mm_ Leal yg tie F,=116kN Co we SAB AS coagie on HS LIU y sol motel aa a2 Glatsb y aut Ga (ll SCIVEA) ome tb shag Saal ly (SY sakes (OD $F fe = O15 9 (VARA) ome by hate call sly pV akS (@) [272 jy y03i3] ApS 245 mm I-A Jy 3 Jo sly shuts Gs GD aA Ube. suits teass gots) re =P = AT3 MPa [4265 2083] ponable clint yah | PYF tle ae cal glee ole pb GE AVIAN) wa jh Ez 28000 = cate = 03257 +4735 =S1OMPa [459.4 5, is] we Cel Sp = G00 MPa ol Sous sli opp p05 8.8 045 sly V9-A ste jl waite lS Cunslin 3 205 eo y2 18 y 275 Fu le bats cet Gly pa st AWA) ae S(O) T =KFjd =0.2(116)20=464N-m ek y= 4A, J = (ADDS) =16.93 mm > 95g VMN Sgder NAb, cade cla jot A (@) ly Letaly 515 dy = (16.934 20)/2=18.46 mm py dae gee jh 25 718.46) =247° [143" ysis] ANPAA) an 9 25 (0.15) 116(20) | 18.46 ][_tan2.47° +0.15(sec30") 220) '5(tan2.47°) (sec30°) = 450.88.N- [437.82 52.43] scald adel Cassy (G) ay GI AS Glan I AS Le 2 [5.6 in As ena tenn taal 3b 95 hte & gh Slat AA (Statically Loaded Tension Joint with Preload) Be ES ES tn gy Seta ane clades ge SL Slay si (NOM) 9 (TFA) ne apg Mag TOA Bi gad Opes (al) haar as oA Shp ey CeelSp SC glia cory LS aydoe tt oy (All) man ah GP Fis ‘) aA,” SAH (YA-A) CP Le MDL ie a eye pres SW Se S gal aps 6 eS ak ed by brent 2 Acel ahyS canglin HI aS gay 92 HSS aay OLE (VACA) aeFO | gol JL yal by Lacy Lassa Jas Lage SLeatl QE Mae Stead she sh taS gest gh oS Cul gy Sleatl sins! jt Obeabl sly Seay Poly Slat! GA Lax wleal 52 5b SI Seg aly ge YE a ae yt Lae SS LL 9 Fin =O ANO-A) ne 32 Gey ope cS ro) (-0)%-F=0 ply dbasl gtlle plae gael eye SI () ae ali g Py =noP g) me 33 hth NM m= (r4-A) °F weal Jlaail tilde ple pal ape S By) geby peed Maw AS Oly cel yt CaS Y gay wale HS GES slo ph Mir JRE TAS ha i ae Sct AF EG EES Calle S GSU Joyal s SES 3 239 pS Soe ly gy 5 Cale ol Sy Be ot a bev CB ph SV age etd ge gta GB lle y Cool Shatl Malar” AAS tay cael Slat Clie ctl Fda Slat 9 8 plans Uy ee SS ISH, Ly Gey Cea slie pled bute abn! 02 Gdn ay gh yay Gg pty Cangas gles pelt Ole B OSs b oe \ pelekag a lB Ly AES hel 25 WS Sp el pe ge, 02S Cie ote EES! ANS gs Get AS Sul wad ST dee arte GINS be 9 Ga Sal b At SAY at 02S cite (SAL gy KA G She Led bt he ea et 6 ASE bed sAS 30 eh Ae lea er il ey calasl Obs pt Sle Seb ae ls SAAS «Set Slag 92 oe et 2 Spat Gey SAAS | tenn bl hte A Cb 8b Bk VA-A Sb ns sagt ip spat ge lp 3S “Sp a agli bs 9-5) pot clin Ge asin SuGable bal gale 0 43,5 SAE clogs 5 60 kpsi ol +2 (RB&W) Russell, Burdsall & Ward Inc .sla.o 5 Wal S LG agri Su Lanile 52 4S (0 44,8 SAE User) A325 slogee 3 5 pil bse LU let S88 aS Be Glagy Gly 4IOMPa ] igs Cie (gal) hd b 8S kpsi) =2s Cle S IS yp slgates |p ol Sb Lo y2 75 shee “Bowman [1p ijl 5058 SAE 4 S23 25 Clb ty alety plead oul b col RBAW ale ty Opes lise GS lb she, 21 slagl shy OTSF, asbs> gx bs a i J0.90Fp gly CNLatl r\-A) F, sds Soo hye lyzed ge Ca VIA EAHA GLa gale iI AS Cel ah SF Calis bey, 3 Ge HEL pp aly il slong Glades Soe S gS cs hey Cel Sie Blatyy Slatin ge Wey GEL BsV gs OVLAI sly SL Cagle Gg Glace oS Cann glad G detly ab pte 3,8 BAF BNA Coed pane iT ge ead cpl 52 eel L RBAW jl ote Glee s S ee B52 ech yay lS 2 alo daily dae 855, oi ot coy SH ai gy GF Cad IS gy L obtT 4 (eA) uae el why Lees joe Shey ole Russell, Bursall & Ward In., Helpful Hint for Fastener Design and Application, Mentor, Ohio, 1965, p. 42 ‘Bowman Distibution-Bames Group, Fastemer Facts, Cleveland, 1985, p. 90. 51 M162 age 9 gz NUS Cool 25 Sas ay 5I lal eel LES Opes jl galas AA IS 139) 154 LOOKN Blbe s3y2) lev Solu! Gly kb 8.8 ay S 5 bag Ly C9 sig ky, (CSN) 1S My digg Wey oghye 9 Hyd Sh LES 2b ad ly Ly ge tes () Mio 5 pe PEN os eeu » wl ORE rsPYF asas ela sleasl yal bey nce Ly Lensias Jail Lagay elo 32 ph epee jt de y 148mm o ge (gil M-cill Jyde 3 Lg = 38mm SJ yb (ill) LAL ose got Dab or per lel L=3+484+4=568 mm ols 0332 Ugh (YHA) ae jh ceed L 60mm gaa S311 ge iKo3s WM gd jt cul Ig = 60-38= 22 mm ply S4e Ui 93 by jac Ugh oy cul Ly = 216) +6 = 38 mm zs Heb Clee Ay =157 mm oA Syd jhey = Lg lg =16 mm Serb 9 Je9) oh Ge Sie on Aa = 2 06)7/4= 201 — AA E _ 201057)20700) _ oc ‘Aah + Ayla 201(16)-+157(22) te 979 KN/mm ALTON) aa Na pe tioe pep Sty E= 96 GPa «25 3 OSTI4aEd 0.907 (96)10°(16) | ) ins”: Sao] 0.5774(38) + 2.5(16), 0.61616 5 A=0.77871.A-A Jy 31 usp sISt 1) (VTA) a0 SI kn = EdA exp(Bd/l) = 96(16)0.77871 exp[0.61616(16)/38] =1550kN/mm Je sly VY-ill ye jl cel rei iI aS Leys 18 YS OS Why Ce Ca cc hy ley by hy 79 — 2) _ _ 9383 Ky+ky 97941579 Dpto Wag Golgate, boty (PIMA) 9 (I-A) saa be yey «Sp = 600 MPA (V=A Jyute 51(O) A ISA,Sp = 0.75(157)600 = 70.65 kN estes 38411 (Ard) ar age slat ly SpA, —F, (P/N) -Onb*'_-0383(2)16000 SpA,—F, 600(157)—70650 M) 2 Das ode (Demers 9 Ge HLS {600(157) ~70650 =23 aT sd nF TOT BAS Sete Ste oy tS te eyGoble bel sale | FA (Gasketed Joints) ,louycuti flail 1+-A Sc Cle yp pe 629 Gard peel PEA US yl apry JS Hye Lail» SI apie le Ad/N ae A lt f, (all =-— “ pea, /N Dpto ex (TOA) ae om sh ae (o) Fp =(1—C)nP —F, al ge Cte, (GB) cae 39 () one Ga jHiS 5) cts SL (ry-A) p=(F =npa-o) 5 UES AIS pepe im hy al pe SE 3 LES ol gS hls ets Sha 9 Tike shy 9 2k ages Al ad pl, AE) te bbs ge Eb Gap salem clagey: del ope thal aly ged od SAS Que ple I AS ahold owl UbgT oS > isl col dey OLE Sy byl say ge (rr-a) 3< Pb <6 Nd lta Ny lage, Sl byl i Dy S GAS Jail «Kin GNI VN-A (Fatigue Loading of Tension Joints) VPM Sa 3S quer oad Gata bo S apd ge ly ASL L clots 9 Ge Ghdball sap eas SBT 2 9 gee IES le SH 2 HS OK Le AST yl Ube b he great talty che Seley 9 GI Conbem ly bel bs IS Sg gk halt Sal Sie a ee lle US als Gal sis BT 2 ays 20 aga. 5 99 SE he 8 15 oS Cl,9" Peterson Ely 9 tl Sy 3-h ways by ott ce 2 tee 65 5 WS Cael pay Glade Cote bis an JS yp Se Gtyy ating clergiy 2S eee 399 Cb ee 3I US eg 9 G16 pale ayy 2982 Call iy VFA Ute hy etl edad WEA Uyder 39 (Ky ple) ot armed eee Bape (lye Carle on Ai pS de flys Bcusle S pups ddA V ead Glytsy atesls Glands APA Spa BS Soe ale 21 22 Y 260 She Ks Kins 23-38 30 109666 = BLA ‘dag3) hel nee 9, R.E. Peterson, Siress Concentration Factors, Wiley, New York, 1974, p. 253.FA | piled laJLead galb y dency by Lassies Lagay 18.6 kpsi din SAE 5 16.3 kpsi Vy-l} in 20.6 kpsi JA} in SAE7 23.2 kpsi Jt in SAEB 129 MPa MI6-M36 'so.88 140 MPa MI.6-MI6 809.8 162 MPa MS-M36 180 10.9 190 MPa MI.6-M36 180129 aad came ste sage ile IT S eS HS 3 he et le ok ls He ae SMA Jobs p26 See GSE GLU S eR EY Ce UES YS US Coe UjL 2 gad Gly yb OLYg Page Jldie gy ot = (Fonax — Frnin)/2= (Fo F)/2 335, ghee tale 5 Fain = Fi 3 Fae = Fo 23) 327 99 ol (TFA) cae BL VOM hy SS aT gs Coty Gey GAT sled Wj Ay 4 OT pened US Cl Tbe a pear Se -F _(CP+F)-Fil_ cP —2A; 2A, 2A, FA pi op pS Don 5 lag ye ply Sil (rF-A) © ot peolnr (a-A), Sie slag 32 ah bee (rs-A) AVA dpae 4 flys lacaaglia Ce sey? age esl cle “oad 2995 slag). Ye-A JS Slee) find ape rs ehh ‘Goodman 283 debs api ihe eS ons Sle ra cladlal ja gal ins ea abt Cy ca gd papsSethe abel alse nylons 4 Lye eel St KE te IK slp Se 9S Cease laud jo il te, le jlo Sony OAKS gle Goodman (rv-a) Sey - S. Gerber (A-A) ASME. gate, (ra-a) a - 2 ag agsS Jp Sled TAYE OVA) one I Sa AU pe Bi Sn = Su +0113 (TFA) ne 1 :Goodman Sue) on SS +5, (F\-A) Sn = 51+; :Gerber 8: +486, +6) ~ (FY-a) s, LASME uy ial. \S+5=67 et (FEA) S48 S, +6, BS Sp SH 990 Om 9 a Sly ly Ky dele S Sly Spe HL He Gl bales a atlas V4) gh det et Ly iayye oleate S dary OLE Ly Baldy cladales (FA) U (TVA) ae Oye5T le SE ple Gath? ayy te Lule JOH Sa (FFA) nya U Gm 01 = [Ar 9 (FMA) 9 (PEA) ae b gang 38% Goodmen jlae by gle b gel I De gee Fok te ane (Sur ~ Fi (Fa-A) 0 2h Gee (TOMA) wae y Soul FH=O 9 CHL SS 5h, (FF-A) nyo 25,SuAe PGS) rrFEY | shane clades! galley ncany ly Lins Lat Lage 9 Goodman sles sly Cot SF gla? GbE Gly boty LL my/nyo > SI Cel ae S ay aglege de Fi sb te Sle Vl 54 K (FF-A) 4 (FO-A) 24 ny /myo 21 (FY-A) Fe (an ag @ ASE AL NYHA JS 39 pales pie 99 Gals gerd OS > Sp tegen dlatl bd feast 2 BS Se Elam Wale Hele cltge UES Gab boy Ie chi cle | Vag Ug L Lage ale Ghee Ob pen Spe oo S GS da ah oul Sue SAE LB I 9 HS ape Hk pote Spe olan Fy Felon pal col col pl gle ga Ait Aan + Aaa + Auta + Asx5 DTA Ay +A +A3 + Ag+ As xr: (FAA) Avtar + Asm + Aan Asis DIAM Ait Ag+ Ay + Aq +s mri 1310 Dylite oy A yal 5) Cohen, en So Sole SG I tA S eee TIA JS 52 | ge Sp jI co GUS L 3 le gs pate S509 U SB sla gee pey2 SIF bral 99 Cel pte bp) IK JoltGab ghelyale | FF Jas PSE UATE JS ub S post cael Bape dT ale Hs Jel 0h dios 3 gee ol ps8 2b Vb da Se 3 M ses 0 aa cladl QA 2 2 Son BL eI SsbA el St yo Lays SO pep OLS Ly Wage tee AS le onl 92 el oS ol te St CGO Bey Jalas 92S 9 475 Se JREH Vg 42019 sae Hala atta Je al hoon tl 92 get UWS ab dips 0b O 59S cal My 9 Vi gal Se nS 08g FViln ge eS Sage eas Bs HIS Vi GIF at 5,58 (primary shear) 033) $+, (iret load) gma Se) FY S323 3 oF Sai <. el ple JS Cope aU Lager Oat poem BOLLS G35 5 pal ITA JS aS led ab Ge hp GSE 2B AE apa b5lal y JS be el NISL slagad Say FY peter Blk Glo Hebe suly qe eM ght Chew S Sol sue (secondary shear) 4.3% 3 G28 3h Tang ps tl Lay SS pdb a A Sr Ane aak sate ta Shaset col yee Wee wot (at) My = Fig + Fate + Fete Ho aslo Sense S Sp Sl pled eli ge Pula Gad Sol 652 GUILE S re PAS ab FROG we Se Hh 0? BR FA _Fal_ Fe tr Te te \ aa" ad? op Sh, 5 FM glen () a4 32 6 83 pc, S| age AS pase S Saat Se OpeS ee HL (OD 9 (AD ae Sh Se a A Ut Mit eae Baga atlas lo yah 92 pe GrseAS GldL oe! elude Cents OF FS Col gay et on onal bP G2 SS 5 pains GULL Galo nen gre Hee? S gpg S Col IS etl OLS agg 9 Spe dee pase eel apt grap cal Aas hon lip Cet pi S pl tae & bas Pwron) call SME D SERB rae 2 SS eal GS Bee STONE FHA digas 2 ydeg 2u)y IGEN oS 3k ol Sp pag ee GS log 5 & Dy CBsA 22 scl oda JSP 92 Unegll La of by ge oS Glad chert b bow tz sll (ald Ble F ge qe 4 stig ()PRY | Slaak celaeasl yal by Lacan |p Lassa Let Lagey YO-A Ji cal gle ty Ua lash (anes 211g IE IAK Kips ct: fel Se iT Se sli Lp So Once pectin Sp L be SO dati (ill) Jo sly gatS 9 VEIORN La fel Se 3 ,)8 yO jl ot y3tS Jaa Se 4 23S yO 5LV = V/2=16/2=BKN ng 9 39 Gale leg G95 el M= 16425) = 6800 MOA) aa iy en He 9 ply pr PSS ety clea, pra Mr _M _ 6800 _4s334n 2 Dr 2075) pirSigt Fe =45.33-B= 37.33 KN Mba) 9 Fr = 45.3348 53.33 KN (aye) | base! » Bl Dy LS ie Uy Ung daly chy el See 25)2 Gp de Gard 0% () (SIG gai S 0d gl IS el 6 Sg Ap = Ap53.33/37.33= 1A3AR AS (53 9b 2 Ss slice cole F gett Sp UB Whats (FAA) cae 3) cee ely ab apsl oat el y lil Gy 5h pa Ae (+ Ar (150) _0+143050) As _ 1435 AgtAr Agt143Ag 1+143 -pSe 5 M=16(61.7 +350) = 6587 N-m 1, +L. SVJ dye tte tS Jal Se Ce 9 Sm SAS asAS Uy Fg B 2 W fenll Se pled col IOKN 58 ty Jal al cae dale pestis Cent gl Slag, —Fe+Fp=16 5 88.3Fp +61.7F, = 6587 tale Coe Fry Fe gil Oban Job S 88.3 mm Fr =53.33KN 0 Fp =37.33KN Ugg cade ty AS lx) A Gaye fel Se Fy 373 Fe Ap 143A 14Aggutle tie! yalab | FRA eT TTI Cad FA Syed Ogee deals

lyr Sot jlo Ken YT ba pAb, a5 onl etl eet Und (gle Sales! Se Gilyy2 OI oe! tS (holding power) IME NS Ly prea & cool bye gprealer 9 che ge AD Id & SA 9 SIG U ayer 9 abe plat 22 \T-AFe T ptlasae label yal sb 5 Lacey b Lassa Leas! aga a 3 Fre ce lL. Ue po al ee Lng Abel oS 150mm yet fo dy Cl OMPA y32 51F El Seed ee tS gpl BABS Ly habes GUDAS ibe das flow 2 bth Lb sly et Sob Shs ee Fels a as Sera Ala ga ys sly (symthesis) Uns sl pes y2 tas Gul ih) C3 S Sie he eh a ayy A 29 iy! Ode 9 eT td SS SEI! ls gas Yl ES pet aS alee S fo ee 5 hls Cle a NL Ondo ll atid 523 Sp pS pe gry Slee jll Mais 9 ples Aye y Ab ote S otiScae (V) ipcanyy Camby 32 OH GH ae aN) 9 tects OT Spb 2 yy elie y ot ys Ge Sleail Be pS gh dar shel Bb cL bls oT Ugh 3 ot ote 8 OSD age es wath Ly oT FS yj Mali py S39 alee HE SS lb ula ay wL VA Jy ear, IS 33 pj aoe Ld ge WMT VHA gd 2 aul alg eal gs oly Glee jth pee 9 AS LG LEG Lie I yo yge 9 ge IO LEK Oph Ly then Slat Venn hee JS 6C=300 B= 200 A=100 ole 4 Leos So 4 150mm wots Spe kd waa og Ge I OMPa engl U5 US Lede sly algal Ose gy! Cal E=25 y D=20 She ap BS cl YAEL ete Lage Abel aS pulse SL M1288 0 S 8 a pet HAS A= 100mm 4g | ty 342 bd VTA dh Jt 32 plete reste ISL 8 Get tS et SU pk A 2g 120mm 8S 3 AS) pr Cte ad Gabel y Lage dhe ables LoS eS C aye dy bes Se Jhb opti s F e5$ 260mm, Gian Jeb G58 B=160 hd elo 32 opty |) MIZ ta» oS Mag Ly ob ap EL YHA Ue Slee pn iy aS Laas! oul Lot grt pe oie pile ol D=OSin GV gi sty s2 9 OSim gy Jhb TA dln ay bye JS GAS 5 OD =1.062in ogo 25 Fin SAE Dy cal 18Mpsi BLES Go y B= Fin JS Mag Ly C Seat Cab pte 9 Gey GUC rhe cl 0.095 in (VIAN JS4 5) oS Jo Ky b Fim physe Glagy UL) TADS Yeh alae Jo SY Tope tay? al 90 og F Gar O5he Y\-A ‘aa eS fh YY-A fil YY-A fil YEA wes YO-AGatle lie! gale | 55 2 el Gl cle S ge [See 25mm bia, ease S AIST1144 BY i jl le cee! (die-cut) eye M24 mm 31445) 50mm 01528 Gi49 jhd U PLY JL PE abegs 92 Ate Sat O84 Jlsrl Li aay ape bas Sk le (A) (Gerber Les) Sejlpt 58 S28 Obs Oe Get ee nbs Ca sla (O) NES 4 Oy GIS JU phip LEU ny = 2 Sot ES led Galas SI(2) SS aly PAE I SL eek 2aly P= TKN S51 59 5 ISH Oppee lt Ga Slat lade a soul Fi =1I2KN ge ys G52 slot CH! E=110GPa Saal eg ges gb od, Ses o gasgar pj 34mm gilSy APH GS GS y (Gi!) oS las | C9 kn 9 hy () OS Wy SE SE ple3 Ly ei! pS Goodman jl l (~) $ Sat Kt yl yy Obabl Go po Gerber KE pedis WSs KaSu (3) 108 Ma NS ob I te SIS IL pha L ob ene) 88 4,5 M20 38 No. 40 C1 ty BU NG lle SK 4 ae b JS ab ot GIS BAG OSI pr G sis MI2 Wey, oS aod by 9 Ge Kp ees wryly Glog Goyer ob Uap ky = 865 MN/m Jit deal Sr Unies led do SV sity PS 88 0S cuts cull ky = 2798 MNIm OS ASP taen Slagl sb cy Ca sbie 2 Ate Cat gy oy Se oS (il) 1S gett 1.2 Sen Stivell Ce pb 4 Goodman shar LS: 1) 258 95h) 45 yarns onl 8 SS Gerber shee bly (Lal) 24 (O) 1S le | al Cs (S) dey SIE SIL Ub 2 Dk LS (@) 3 fF YY-A, Pan | YF-A fi TPA dhae Jos, Ya-A fl YO-A alas JePIV | pala la JLeasl aly acy b Lansins asl Lagay Tim SAE gy SiS ese G1 SG G2 ele Sat Capo 5 Gerber Sie shel tye ols Bly Slaatl AB Send 2 pS il gigs jus eds L Angle 52 eit y> ois 50S 30 eel 032 2 0d Gly gC tS SF sh 5 Dla aS ayy g4 Su pSV bate sly 88 05 S M30x3.51SO gaz S lp? Obisabl Ga pd 9 sb Galo eal C= 0.33 Jas] Cal L igey p&p P=BOKN 55155 oF log Ly Gerber Sit she ah p Set KS 10D =100 & pz (linear actuator es jill) jL23 x Kyte lee S JSS 52 SAL, gpl cel gab ate 9 9 pad be GS rlys 92 ceed Zale & W= 206 L = 300 UT ALS 56 0.75. 8.8 05,8 51 MIOX1.5 ISO og y gaz At 9 Lt lb 14 MPa 315 sly piled Cade “bt 9S My pg? lala 0 yp ley pth an CHES LEG YL La pe 9 ge, pie le (Call) 5 Maly Kime oF rlyut nel ard Goodman ol shee b () 8 lg Ly Sent CAKE pl ye ball Go po Gerber Se* shes ly (g) Saale ge LES pig Sell daa Wt Wer ly (2) 2p AIST 1040 3 gb 5 pte 92 aor spent 10.9 05 5 ate 9 gab pasa hat S ofS 52 59S Mag 948 23h 5 pened Calne be Slaatl oul bye ASL F AES ety sb cl oat Blapas 52 EAS y 2S agar 65) WEG Dlage 3) WAS BLQY te ® Mg 6 8 16 64 Ys-A fl Y-A sels YA-A fl PAA ale Jt TAA eal PAA ale Jscable bial yah | teh ip eal 3 sip S AIST LOIS SY 9 La pe Ca 60 ey 8.8 04 8 5 JSS Ae ge, Jheail Fe-A fil Flay SS Ell tae taal ld ayy 2uly last ay F=ISKN 22S 6 16 64 mo 6 FeA alle Je 6s >) dale eAtSs p+ SAE 1040 gsi sla pte 9 Say SAE ge jb ote 3 Gat pA Sha Soe hfe WSS AB Mages Hy Obed Galo Ely Ly 025 2)y MOF AAS sty 3b ol JS wag Candy 26 laypae LAS 4 24 pas AS 22 Gy, FIA wl Jc 1 19 DB ape 9 8.8 09 SB pe age, ol IOKN EES pt Ob 25 JSS Sl oe Lal FY-A sf oS lag Sine GUS Gil hy Ly Sal gael apd Cel edt p+ AIST IOS 7 ra “ op “ FHA alle Je Pa 20 BY gb Na pte y 24K Jleatl EAS 8p 595 cal 88 05S lage JI SE Opes Lal FILA ofl eS Magy Ene AS Se gall pd asl datS 3 pe AIST 1020 ls a sny SLatl pre gap JRE O pean S AIST 1018 wh 2S2 po 38 1G 59 LE G5 FF-A fil aagh Ceeaey Ly Sleatl Sligabl apd shang 3} ty pitay | cel 1805.8 04 $ 5 lagey olcate bal abe tv Bb log ae ange ny JRE AST le VA J yur) 15276 gb lob 3G werk SAMI xd T5ISO 54 yy AIST IOS 2554.8 3 Jakds AIST 1006 > 6 5 Sel sag F gyal S90 28 gel Vy Sst ATs et he FS 9 JS tl Shall ey Se 2 ote ok 3S ay Elape HH BIS glade 0 |) Simm GUS 4 Soy qlee p49 KAS GS OL 105 Ma by OF oe te AS ont, MIDX.7S ge le belie LBKN (gleal jl Jt Ase 10%50 glade AIST 1018 0125s 35 5I abst pS, iad 4 HSE Sly Ly Obl Ga pd prdtagy |) OT 5.8 05S MIZXLIS ge 92 Le S opty 19 yg anaes dalad Ca slie caaled Sg) be ge, Sch ae, te BE BLAS gre Natl eS LT Eb S pene) GRE bal Z JS 32 Lanse S cn SpS VS Slag pe el FSLLSKN DUI jb col od oe 2y5 Jos Sy =314 MPa cas glia op 0S ly obto gp S 2 gb 5 donde 52 320 MPa ppabad Ca gle oy 205 debe YL) Cb calle apt ea 5 SB 0S Sheers gy REY ub OS op! el 1 east Kins St Fl dat Sle Oleeabl ma re FA-A ipl FAK allan Je FARA FAA dle Je 0--A eal OVA stl: @ilic alia Otay Ont col jal alb Gus hg pals Ss dea