Chapter Sth Mechanical Springscette atial vale | ave S odebly Coke Olal et Clb oS AST 5296 Akin S 5b plarl LOLIS ptas Spy g AF cal gaye oe als by gla Cho SIL ly eales plpillanl 5 pled al apt ald LS ye Wase 2IS sleet coal gab hy Ghee be 6 pdysllll ool ob 9 JSS pat Ab Sy phd ASL tts 23NG geste Ly Set BYSE Ola Gay mals oibel spd eee eine ee UT 633 BUS lao p yb OLS oY ral bal las on fo pal chad onl 59 lL oy Gla WS sly ASUS he 2S pt ean Deeb 9 lS yh5,) gl AIG S eae a WETS te ory GUISE 9 C8 gee Gla AA IS sates S59 ote WSL ES Clk Gly Se ASU US Use alt ae Gh GSS BUS Sha ly pete 9 AT AS Gli CA AU digg uy tileyy spe Ly Cea y gee Belleville pli ay Splits by Cele yy (Stresses in Helical Springs) gy jlo 33 99 5 BSD Spe sh 2598 Ups GLE gus HK ule ills Js 2991) 625 SE 9 pase SMa IT BS GS SLE Se pe Sey pee BSL) dy Que 6.75 JE a oe pnd OLE Gaye clay Y lal SS yh) OT By GIN JRE gpd TH PD/2 ge iy tlh Sy tae 9 Ft OF glacier ys yae Gleal) 32 |) old edemy Gobel Kilt pe SSI etn Oe ly re 8 tle 2 oh gasle pb AES U2 by A ye Silt all> or O42 3b bet lg ey SN a te FE OTN) cae Sl al Cotte AS eet bp 2 A on Sen) don 3 gh ge Melos (VF) sae (al) el can 1-5 ys Aw ql o (a0 Ka Moy) asym Sai pe S aT ete U8 pains vaaay olsON | Ss clas A=nd'f4 y= nd4/32 or =d/2T=FD)2 ipa =F BS ob gs ey 33 G9 4Y 9 st Oe ay) (t-1) (r-)) F-14) agp g Le SUL Sly AS ol ge pee sok FN) ae eel 12 G6 ye Clad pty 52 324 ISH 3 le SE gabe 32 So eS ye ple ly Ly Glee b ep Usile 2ysl5 A SoS J piel Glas yl eg oa WT ong 6599 ad 2 SU ple aslall a 9S nb J pie (0339 2S Aste b apd Cod SS eS) els 6 gh oF Ute l ole Ala ULE Gn tho $b I piel BI sy culiy dpe BILE OS onl 1 3 (The Curvature Effect) Jgite a> 31 Eo Catt geste i alle 992 cae 92 ST Ue carl J tie Gay, Cony yy (IHD) one FB ASG AS ASOT Oat a2 gy Hille Bade O99 2 AT Spe Stat dare IU Se AAS Ey ay phe S Cans 3h bay Sb Lj al ote SEE ae GS Stet ut pe I DAL Say Cag eS 2 AIS Cagle gS oy jE! Ph odes pte Yabew Ls ols tale I Stat cd hb ole oe jl Dp ES AS NIE K Oper ee Ky glee (+) 24 32 Sl 2,)0 eyes | pine dy dalys 25 Wale 2 IS apd lo S yy? ly pte 4C-1 , 0615 ir Ky= ese ea we 4ac-4"C 1) oe 4C-3 Lj) faS ales 32 qld lS Oyy tte S Bergstrisser os po |; Ky y Wahl a po |) Kw et paki ie SV Ge Seat Cereb FN 9) one cael hyd | Cyril Saménov, "Some Aspects of Design of Helical Compression Springs,” Int. Symp. Design and Synthesis, Tokyo, 1984. Y-1\+: cath obel ale | ory while et ot Eee ard (FN ey FV 4) ae SS atl ge _Kp__2C(C+2)___4C 1+) K. Ss K, (4C-3)QC+1) 4C-3 PEE Oley Sly 9 Copele St ES HI I Col a Olas Keg Kw be Ky Ky J LS gle ed ES FSS a at pe TI 92 gle oy it Se in FS San sate Slt T= KaBFD)/(rd?) © (Deflection of Helical Springs) gy sl 3 JSD paid ES hp ee ele Cee oy JSS pet ge daly) Joly Castighiano 25 5! GES SII WV=D) 9 (VFO) Vale jl aul gs Cores tiny tag Alle 92 ly Sl gale air ra FL ae ill) sta ‘ 261 2AG pool el Aandi, =ad‘/32 l=2DN .T=FD/2 S\ 4F?D°N | 2F?DN ag @G daa gely y JSS paki JS (11-0) cae Castighiano Wai ly py lad glade sae =n, =n (>) OU _8FD°N , 4FDN € OF dG) @G Sp tigt oom () ne C= Did Oy 1») ( +353] seen) aG 207) dG Sie eb ole L OTS Cul k= Fy BES 4 (1) a sDN (Compression Springs) (5:15 3 ql (Plain ends) whe pays TVs JS4 eal ly GILES GL Gly OSU S Sapp Be 2 2S Sh pee be AIL Is GAS Col den OI po 2s He S fae GUIS chy ope (HW) Ce getke pe 52 boyd phe pe 2» Ql 4) . gt Sie 2 S$ C8 Bp ot He ok G58 pale «21D PBN AS Olay cael odd sb I yb 4g ile sla 9) bm gs ANNAN Iyer 29 998 cet bh ASSL Dn srt IS Leet el eal HN Syd 52 53. oe 3 CoP 8s bay ool ghee 9 WS gee * Cyril Saménov, “Computer-Aided Design of Helical Compression Spring,” ASME paper No, 80-DET:69, 1980, rt feteare | sete ets © Wit O-Miir 2S np ots lg) 2 Soy he ge D aS ae ble 2S be = 2 2 1 0 Ne oyu alae No+2 No+1 Ne IN, Anadle pls PN, +3d AN, +1) PNo+d ly asl Ugh aN +1) dN, diN+1) Ly cy Ugh. (lo = 3d)/No Lo/INo+ 1 (bo ~ d}/No Pol CAS pe SS Borys 23) 3b me a9 JSt SS 4 Seas ald rg oa ae Ahly by ad gh ny Sie L=W,-ad eel ge ace ay LE VV Iyer 32 dN, ny el 0.75 of bangin y pits GS AS ye le ys Agile GY tulad Sis aly ay GpSeslil Say als a Gla Ga Jyh cel Ol ey so pean 5 jay Ip GO Gta) (ot moral) ob aera (presetng) re otal ela pal 3 GY!» opie plat ole Le pla a 5188 Soy ui aT ara pled Cale Oe 9 22 Sp ole aT pba Lg oe I cool gest ah iI th GUS Ce DE SF aly OT pp GUL GEL cel aL 30 6 10 51 tag sh i Ugh aS cp tte S apt aL Obey dh ott ty Gb SuLE LBL ots OT iphone pple eo lle 1.3 gl any ge be tas Sh tal ~pptg alyl J ybrwe ye apt Jyte abil gb DAS tbh ee phd Caslie LAGI aS Shy to Go Aol cael na pe BB ANS ly aE 8 Ge ae os HIB Calle ed OF Set ah AGL aa ebrale ol 4, Bdward L, Forys, “Accurate Sprig Heights.” Machine Design, vol. 56, no. 2, January 26, 1984. Y-V+ fs AS lab ely sek ogo (AD ses ppp 0) Svcss ps9 (e) ke og (2) 035 13pSe Y\-1+ Ugae 3 glanjlal by, =) gd sla (Sled sladil> sla ni Desig Handbook 1987p. 32 Carey beso Sngetl atieluabh | ove (Stability) sotyk -1+ SE fi Sl gh Leg) Sp BLS Ae pte pan de 51 Ogee Ke ol SVS se pl ead oo al ee Sl pe So pth aber aS ge GLAS op 03 55 ola iI ote ah y we a oo Ved 4. = Le} |1-|1- > oe wv] Sp 9 erzgl? Wabl 1 Jo 4, Ly bales gyi "Saménoy cow! ($355 6 see daken ye obey Gap Doar Nt V9) oa 39 Ca 03 S takai au” Haring cel aly (1-)-) =D dbp Kaye Ma S deine GLits Blac Ch y Cf q=-= 2(E-G) 4 _ 2x(E-G) Oe SG+E ctl diay Bp oi SG Soe 4 (emd-condition constant) ya woo CA a {\\—N9) ae 59 cela ge Dal a sl S canegt La gt ph pe pee Gedy 9 Ly Laie VV 6 gue pty AEM tay dey 5) C4/Adee aber MV 0=V 9) cae 52 WS Cae slay Glew 5 ll yp. aD|2(E— VYe #D/2E-G) ar) ig 63 mm SIL D/d <4 $1 YS jybu aisle S ae CUES Sled pS aly OT 52 Bly GUS OS Oday b pee OLS ele CISL SU EI 35 Daas iI py WS yp eid pee bly dey pb de 2 I ged opty asl tee SST sake or S Glas he oul jl curl Ob Bit He wily CLES aol JSS BUST 5 Spd 3 Gin es By Oe ald IH Soe wal deed 93 4S Ly UNS sls pb onl tel PHY Jy 52 8 CLS ope GE Shs ete Glidden at BCS Gl ye Ghee TES GS ob 2a 34 a SNS pee alt See pe pay OT je S Cool i aly shee LS Cashin BAUS pee Jab i EAS Cong lie slog peg bay LES Carlie 5S aly CHL He yay alee Sapte Col bt 4 Kop Ug jl Fy log-log QF-1) Uebel a pigs Sas AS Cen gle opp aS oy aT pcm and 9 A oy gt yp Ma otl3 Yoel AS AST (NY) one 33 pcg FHV # gdee 3 etal ardty Laconia tree glaosle 51S Ly 0.35 S yy 038 Sz 33 (osals) gal ab abye jl soley iyl> Spy 2 50S yp 04,5 S alye Shy 2 neg TSE FHV Sgr ply ly Leaal ab oly Slee pty AS gy te he ree b 29 SAS ty SLEW Joernes oS 9 slealy Ly ade gpl oslo 1s UT ptomes pba glasla HL Ny lil ge Ly Corgi (5152 pr 52 Sy 2065S yp AS sa 03,5 pal BL PV Joke 7, Robeet E. Joerres. “Springs.” Chap. 24 in Joseph E.Shigley and Charles R. Mischke (eds), Standard Handbook of ‘Machine Design, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996.Ons pmee 8 onihe le conte Fa Sag8 slapd ar ASS cla Joos gts Coglin GO.12 jb5 15 alge So 5I AS pa gles 29430 .2g2943 mm 20°C b jue SS Loses dolls ely! dye pow SL 9 ane spotless atl pos 64s dypd b JUG lark ly Ip 12 mm 63 ppp jb3 0955 Slo cam ott SS 5219 FSGS TBO"C b pine 45 25 SHE Ld gs oso, SRE paid 9 59 pee SI payne 2mm & 08 jbs 51s pte 120°C b ino 45 pI sles le od GIT YS spp Sad Yyb cule 3 ote slays Bo 9 Kind cule 9 oS x 8 lak jo 9 0b 8 b p> Lala agige le 3b dyno b sb ahd eshte wb peo 15 pS Glos 12. mm 60.8 220°C & ye pao thy 8 pS cle ee 29 Jee JOKE lay 785 Rockwell .C53 6 C50 tabs G Spl cls 12mm & 08 250°C UNS G10850 ANSI 1085 ASTMA228-51 UNS G10650 ANSI 1065 ASTM 229-41 UNS G10660 ANSI 1066 ASTM A227-47 UNS G61500 AISI 6150 ASTM 231-41 UNS G92540 ANSI 9254 cath olie! gale | are deny 0.80-0.95C 089) 92 05 Su IL pose 0.60-0.70C 0,60-0.70C mably pF oYgh ee pF Ug Pov 6 Ugae 2 AS SldVs’ sill pe 331338ary | suis. ous F-1+ dye Ua pd glace claps Gt’ coaglia gy aS dele Sy = Ald” Gslyam 9A slaceld Desig Handbook 987, p19. Corey hsoated Sprig. gas Cea ee 26 2 0.10-8.5 201 0,004-0.256 0.145 A228 Spey pe 13 1855 05-127 147 —0.020-0.500 0.187 A229 1OQET pow 10 1783 07-127 140 0.028-0.500 0.190 A227 Fog cee pane 31 2005 08-11.1 169 0.032-0.437 0.168 A232 Sabla pS 2Ysd pee 40 1974 16-95 202 © 0.063-0.375 0.108 ALOT nda 5S 3Yyd ens 7611 1867 03-25 169 0.013-0.10 0.146 ABS. #302 Ki j.d SYS ee 2065 25-5 128 0.10-0.20 0.263 2 510 0 0.20-0.40 0.478 80 1000 01-06 145 0,004-0.022 0 B59 "Sn shad oe m3 06-2 121 0.022-0.075 0.028 932 275 110 0.075-0.30 0.064 ste Slap wien as” so2 Sy a SUS J et pT aa I el el aS Lad 3 pe saat pT oath Sh Rodel 8 ae gL! 32 Spa 1 3H S10 bas ods” SE Ely bly A AS a ee ILL BLIS A BLS Gly Jel 41s BS 0.758 yy 2 yest Ly a 5 PD eet GAS pocket Ca gle S barge OLS AS GS Sy =0.571(0.75) Sy, = 0.4335; = O.45Syy cgtapely S514 J Ab 2 ety pels Cagle sears 2b GLE ly S aay OLY Glee gts Le yb Saménoy 355 4+ Qe-19) Soy = Fa = 0.56Syy glak oy Ceol Kazi als odd Coe CSL GLY Gly Joerres 5 syldie ay oS Cul Lad sty 9 THV+) cae Gly OlalT 2089 9 Ula py i oty it Sle 2h S rye Nadel 25 Gull peseteatni is | om o-\- | 23 pose Elid Io KK Golys 827 120 203.4 29.5 <0.032 65-75 45-60 A228 ging pros 8711.85 200 29.0 0.033-0.063 : 81.0 W75 196.5 28.5 0.064-0.125 80 6116 193 28.0 >0.125 ; 80.7 W7 198.6 28.8 <0.032 60-70 ‘45-55 A227 HD i 80 «116 1979-87 0.033-0.063 73° NS 1972-286 0.064-0.125 ; 78.6 WA 196.5 28.5 0.125 72° «N2 196.5 28.5 85-90 45-50 A239 29) 9 cysh 772 U2 2034 29.5 85-90 50-60 A230 byes psd 772 W2 203.4 29.5 88-93 65-75 A231 ps dily SF ; 772 N2 203.4 29.5 88-93 A232 772 n2 203.4 29.5 85-93 65-75 A401 nce pS Sis 69.0 10 193 28 65-75 ‘45-55 A313" ; 758 11 208.4 295 75-80 55-60 17-7PH 772 W2 200 29 65-70 42-55 414 772 W2 200 2 65-75 45-55 ‘420 79.3 Ws 206 x 72-76 (50-55 431 MA 6 103.4 15 75-80 45-50 B1S9 jo jad 5p M8 65 W727 70 50 BI97 als ue 503° 73 131 ” 75 50-55 772 W2 2137 31 65-70 40-45, X-750 Inconel 31/7 316 304 302 cas” tel he ag A Ga lle PN gin ota FV gaa tae CAS on tte Glas pS slp jhe gel lad line! wes ca Abert bees, “pgs” Ou 55-65 35 tel Sjad slasdys —_ Rh inloneph Stgey and Guries Wce (es). 55-65 35 egal pb clajllT —Hanoak of Machine Desi 2nd ed, Meron, He Yer 996ore | ssi cl EERE SE mim jie, im yo pom 31 GILES Gasle BS cual 12.5 a> Spree ce poled alle (GD) Spshed cans Unie stil JU () 13 Le $6) ey 52 ob 5h gt yl tals (2) ‘ Jab) pb tat dy Bab Upb se paths pat y apt abel ape yoo tb os Ub SIG) tage Secee OLS lee LT el Coe (6) 5 oS ab LG) $3 OO SAS JS 9 CAT per 99 LD mam gy ep ad m=0.145 5 A=2211MPa S¥-1+ Jyte y (V¥-\+) 02 b (all) N+ Syd 5h 15(2211) = 995 MPa V9) sae ih 8 path Ga el DS mm 3 5 Sls jb (S) Ky a=t0#2_400+2 _ 4 135 4C-3 4(10)—3 Ky 9 tg FS Shek Ku 3 Sx etre, pales Calis OF 52 8 (PN +) wae NLD F SI thes esl = 7095)" 3443 8(1.135)10 AaVe dyde She) sale Cag A-N*) oa 3h 6) hg gb V+ Uys 51) 1,=(N,+)d=(25+1=13.5 mm Lo =y+L, =35.28+13.5 = 48.78 mm () Sade Uydee 9 (WN #) 00 002 5 GLS Gly (5) V-V + digas Jel et ok et ek et etGath abel abe | ore IS Se gal L argged Ey HLS y Col 52.6mm 5 aS 48.78 mm 3131 Usb pak, b> 5 WP aya hee Sg Ly 2g ey Ub gpl a alt OLE OS ely @ S95 LGW Cle b soe ln 33 (lS I-V6 Igde 3) 4.36 mm, we Gaal sb 95 Grd Gyre wd ote Y-1- (Helical Compression Spring Design for Static Service) Sp pe) aisle ar JSt JKte aS Glatt al 4S CSI? i Gaels Jy oe LE ay OLE Ble 53 aul glee! a AS isla OLE AS ay der Sp PLL Clay (eke him Gly cel 3S Ny SIS alge, Jos gladdle 2 yr th al b ob) 2 6 gas oul 1S 5) BU) ane S992 Ade gy la if Cael gay es ASST BOL as 2 Cel OT ayy ght Slay! CTL 53 Gu sle pd slaail> Js Lyd ate CRIS et She A G28 JS 5 geen pe 92 2 GUN Coal onee Ca lie Jae Ip 025 299 SET pay pS shen Mile sla by dar pb By nd LAS LB SS he hs & FF, tim Jyh y F=0 shag oo gece Sp ee TSU |) 3 2 Slat aba uly cle Ig pte Sad pS Sh2gd syle Fe SPR EME Sad te ES mo Eb QY-14) Fo= (048) Fox dla A= (+ 5)Fa=0+6)(2]6, WEL EDO1S oy ye alps, Gy G=1/7= 0.1432 0.15 632 S aly 5! ale sale alb bt tay OST dag lye Galt y delay 2 se QA-1) 41.6mm yp) G=81 GPa .E =196.5 GPa Os Iyte jhe ()g = 12 Ig 99 Gale E=O15S 2p er OS © FN Spr a by $y = 45S A515) tiytay 3D + FN Spt g VV SSE ay by NOB Spt hee yt pee d= 2mm iprerad pie + zi Sy = 045 Ty =900 MPaarr | ass gu ATV) sae LENS JS Sy _ 900 WYHVe JS m 12 8046) Fine _ 8(1+0.15)89 ad nay =750MPa B = 65.16 MPa 2(750) 65.16 3(750) 0.16 patna MIVA JS 8(1+0.15)89(20.32) 1,=1.133: zy 150 MPa -3 OD =20.32+2= 22.32 mm 24(81000)51 8(20.32)°89 N, =11.06+2=13.06 ail~ L, = (11.06 +2)2= 26.12 mm L, = 26.12+(1+0.19)51=84.77 mm (Deg = 2.63(20.32/0.5) = 106.88 mm fom = —2.6?(2)?13.06(20.32)/4=—6810 11.06 ail UA oT gig) al eno 25 Dye GS ISS 22 5.21 1.8 1.6 cola bd sty Ly Yu daly, LS dps Sly op SS y ubiy f 1 D 20.32 23.65, c 10.16 11.26 124 oD 2.32 25.75 2948 N 11.06 853 67 4 5520 MORRIE mn 9.14 ly 84.77 80.76 779 Mader 106.88 124.4 143.5 a 12 fom 6810 1 23) aS Ghd BS Ny SIS Cas plows opty ple Carpe bo yds Bde 21 iI Sopp Jab ASC S12 5 yak lt Capt b dS ye Gecathe eel gabe | Ore ageiggt Bde 1.8 5] aS ab Lp <100 cua yds Ly apt ge Bie? 3) iS gla 5 6, < 25 SU hy beable 5) AAS Gla bd Ge Ge (Loder 3} te al sdb 529k Cle D939 pb SV cal C tle C53 by Sal 12 5 aS Sail 2 iI aS ae to 52 28 92 ES AS gl toned oy, aa plone D 38 bi ly lt gs ly hl cles SAIL] alogge Fy ly 2mm J pie SHUG By tee aS 21mm ky 2 pbb J pe te Log Mee SIL BOLT OES CS ole pales Sa ole OTL al le wt Rk eK Cate EIS Gea y by Wp slaaly Sets lo WI 2 de pe Spb 6 BLES oS ey p Cal eda YET Sa Shey eed 2 Ob tes IS i ox. SITU ae apg Seed cele ys So gb EF ULE gt Ne ay gal Ge ey aha Sis Se ol le he po S35 Ay NEI pean byl OT cL" Ul Say LAS, ah ty 4 2S Hebd G ped Gly ls Katle 52 (Indexing) MS yatls PHN + digas IS 2 ad Jlgce garcnnedy sly SL SIS aH le U cyte oS 5 EAU TEN JSS ogee Sale BS pets CS ealad Ug) F baad aS slelied OAMS Oy pp base OLS Sal cle ee Boe Glee BE ge HS SLL ry Bape Se peSit ele US yp Jaod edtopdne slr 9 35 IAN 3 gdm S|) olSiu pb diye 28 apni ISH 2a ge de pot GU Natal gf 9k JMS onl 3h pee, Se i) gal ae eS ge IS 12.58 mm Ely pe 32 S 12mm Gye ed SVE Leal scl ge ogIUSl ay A Sage MHL: 62.56 12.5 jh all yb Ly LOGI PB yp Lab ay cl Bay uly Yu 19mm GIS aL ly Al LES US Ope ASL 16mm 5) tay WI ged ate Ug pe, el 35 mm FV Jt V igi aS) in gba he as seaike peated on 8 pS Gast DagSi 6 iS yak J tabsore | ssi cas lacie JS 44mm 31ji Usb pS EI d=13mm y OD=12mm be 63 b Oy! wy: A=2211MPa-mm" LAS gio pm Sle py ae oaks po 92 N, = 1S 2211 05 Sas = 958 MPa lad cglaailen alad I-19 Syd jhaale pe 92 p= 1.5 aie D=OD-d=12-1.3=10.7 mm 3 gpSibe jh WON Jy 1.3*(80.000) (10.7)°.1L. 2.027 N/mm NV Spee ih by ay (8) 16.25 mm. ce SMS Fin S372 AS Foun = kYin = 2.027 (44 —35) = 18.243 N (FON S975 aged od yhd dm Jyh Gb oS AST F,= hyd, = (Lg ~L,) = 2.027 (44~ 16.25) = 56.25 N (C= Did =107/13=8.23 3 asl ee bo te Se Ble 8F,D 1, Kp 22 = 1,16785825107 _ g14 MPa = Ka z w(.3y sens Ugh 32 beable pe No pede Sit Jota bg See BL el 16mm ft ty Ly bel Cans by Oe «Lo = 44mm \N, =11.5 OD = 12mm (Y0-Will Jy) d= 1.2 jade So pb kee og per 3252.4 Sy =969 MPa y D=OD—d=12-1.2=10.8mm Ng =N, =115 dle 1.2(80 000) 800.8) 11.5 L,=(No+)d=(15+D1i Fin = KY nin = 1.43(44—35) = 12.87 N F, =143(44-15) = 41.47 N 43 Nimm =15mm,Seth atin! gale | are WG am jh 5 pr ny Ugh 9 Wad gai Ey @& LS cael Ely pe D499 FOG UM PLZ GH AE eG pe et SL 9 Oye S opts LSB oil cel Ee ske GH AS Slee vole (Critical Frequency of Helical Springs) Sel 4g al gasa CS pee peel Ugh 59 geal dey Gary kt pol Ge G32 SI wey San ad (LTE bp lal 28 9 9 Cd) ASOT 9 22S op olny S Atel Soo ee GLE a SIS Copring surge) 8 9S | OS day GE Qui Se oT gp Orpen S tle by OTe BLS EH eS Ket b So oo me PIF Ste te Oem onl al sel AIS Hy FS thet AS OS > b phi wre Ie he BU JUL age OLE 1 OE IS I aS sptte ON 8 ISS dye DLE 3 gt Daye 29% Gants SASL) tl Hi) aly sb Oleg aly oS th tales bb cb jlo Jo Oley qa le SI FP ales oy pee EL) GUS eS Coe dy Jl i Sy Kay 3 al 9S shone 7S ale Cal gre Wales Bl Bilye CG qlee 39 ge SSF y pS dale Fu_W Fu Ox? kel ar (vf-)-) Aessk & AUS I ge 9 ge Ube! pois Ugh gle) 99 Obaise S yabel yan oS > =u SS py Gla al 8 po 92 [Rte jay Sid Gol ely Kayla ales ool > AS pe erhea ly pe 32 S1Obah 4 tl Bile C88 claw 99 Ge 5 5 ly neh (Kalua) x Aeory | ysuits cli lee mi cel m=1,2,3,.. 29 Oleg aly dae Oye ced FTG y m2 py9 Reale p39 yma sly hel uly 52S Fh heel daly Gy cael = Daf y pale ye at al fie CAEL ST Se ey Ca hee 597 pe BF G5 Gly |) UL, “Smith y Wolford els one y a1 fe (rF-1-) f J Bp AEG SS cae 539 he BS ad G8 ly (VON) cae Sed slab GT Wale gyal Jed Cand O59 tly OS > ote Cel 2 2gDN, vet) We Aty=22 (apn) = wool ye pate 0597S abe le TOG NO 5 gal Gil aw debe Ub a Salen ole y9 LOS jt ter 5399 She pS clbobe AWE pe kL CA LLL oy ply Sith BES > bad 9,.C. Wolford and G.M. Smith, “Surge of Helical Springs,” Mech. Eng. News, vol. 13,n0. 1, February 1976, pp.4-9. 199 29 hae AS? inl) > oS 8 onthe a ee SHEL 3 Al Lal seal yall onecathe el abe GIES Serle 5 Kae GIF 3b (Fatigue Loading of Helical Compression Springs) WB Sp pe tad 32 IS at La pans shee 2 de SE Ob yi te aE DE Lad sole Lb 32 ah Slee BU el Ga gl AIS SL JB ly aly ot ole apd pe oly th oy SIE lee Sle S28 iinerle | Wl apteg thy ab 5 GES See Caplie ots che HS Sy gh C1! 0.4 mm 35 d> Lederle d3lail ul glee pte b Ley YG Ly pty Se ibe Saw fb law plat 3 AS past Ab lS 9 3 alle pe oles lea, 218" Zimmerti|y 3 sss ape gly2 2 Hb y2 aeale gy pb UWS) plye a9de ye SA a GAS Cagle y pir a iMT S CIEE Ly G2, yb CE 29S geks r oel 3! te 2h Gin) 10mm 31 aS ghojlal bo Glas Gybub 92 Sgt Ee UI VARY JS3) deeragge AU a gules Lapa de (gh tS 2b5 Gc shi ee Oban ye Dba GAEL be gle ¢ gene Ce ULS aS Sy olyty Zimmerli epee FO MPa gS cen panes Ca glin 5I ea yt dale ola i athens OLS L BT oil Ae yd Gc sie UALS L451 940 MPa G 140 MPa 2 sm jl 12 jancrLe (sla 35» 630 MPa al cee Ue la ogee (YA-\-)—Syg= 241 MPa(35 kpsi) Sim = 379 MPa (55 kpsi) aayearl (Y8-1-)— Sgq=398MPA(S7.5Kpsi) Sg = 534 MPa (77.5 kpsi) (FO-V) .a0 31 oT Gerber Gants Lae jt 2,6 Sq =1457MPa by leo eer le 33 cipal ly carl gop ay ghd dale Uy alae cpl od ge LI jo cael 326 MPa Late 531 26 Goodman 252 pata IK sly ts te Saul ns Sr vee Sia ga Shy S easy oul 4 tape, Sia by9 2 pe po pe lls joo 5S alae i OS ile AF ont ti RS lag Slag aslel eel ps Cele AF op ite ale AST bbe Cal Sle 5 GI fee yea oS 25s Lai ot oe Shey Gee leah L slSky gblia ba yt oT ol te kh te 10. FP. Zimmeri. “Human Failures in Spring Applications,” The Mainspring, no. 17, Associated Spring Corporation, Bristol, Conn., August-September 1957, 11, OxcarJ. Horger (ed), Metals Engineering: Design Handbook, MeGrow-Hill, New Youk, 1953, p. 84. 4-le avaare | sate. slat SEE 2 Sines KS ype ty Cn S gee IE gpl atte Glo she glee by Slee Keel te ott cella echo slaty ete SE Io yd Sa Greet CSE pen BLAIS tag 32 WS QFV) san dp 1S Le cel (3 Sau rt ele (rs-1-) Suu =0.67S yy spattegt taal al cea gale gee yoes als bb 99 GNIS IL cathe Glex| 5} Gale 9 Ea peel Gly Ul egilsse Lip Ld GAAS UL] es pal LS y EES SA Gul GES Ke Ce COL AS slay py ape Lal OF Ghee Wk S Bae igs ed sete HE shag S Cael BLS 0b GF og Cel gual ly Up da lS STEVIE ALL Tin =O ging LL Se eee de (allty-1) (oti. cl ete HS Mls pg a BF sare Base) SL STAY JS p agle Olas a pl aS rev) Ky ad 9 cee py paki te 8 come leg oN) sae 3} Bergstrisser Ca 73 Ky S ap 1S4y Ly Ky «Wahl spd Ky sles 2 ph ge pel SNS pea Vols te a ys ag gy AS alee 8E,D (rr) + a ) ad? Af ge SS 28 ese BS 9 25mm GAS 4 glee pee ne Ge GIS BS LIS gh cust 9 25 slsteg bb gpl cel 25 Kae 8s pe yo Jd dle 21 119 aang Se GUeals Gerber pan Set CSE shee yy Set CS gles eel ee (ill) 2S 2512 |b Zimmerli (glaasle L (Cal lg CHL pS AS ade) Simes ptm Sa shee 9 L (ll) 4 (O) 2 1 SF Zimmerli oS SF Zimmerli gloesls 4 Goodman pty Cm St phar yy dla oS alg lB slew Hy (2) FHV digas |Cathe lin! gab uy C= Did =13/25=5.2 2b atl cul 55-25 =13 mm 5 Adley Sle jad Jo oly 4C+2_ 465.2)+2 7 4C=3 45.2)-3 AV=V9) a =15N F,=15+25 100 2 lye Seng OTN) oe id ge SS leg pe th 2480313 ous. aire 7(25) aT ge a3 dee ge gdyy AS THN) ane 5H 35800013 97) > pa * 05) COVEY) cae gigs Sree LES col Ca yli m = 0.145 9 A= 2211.41 dye jh A_ mu Su= Ge = Gagan = 1936 MPa APN 9) ae Sh gig les Cagliari Sou ).67 (1936) = 1297 MPa 0.675,, = t9/tm = 203.4/271.2=0.75 jb bee Od ACYA~)+) ae L Zimmmerli glasals gly Gerber 0jle ays 5) 26 (All) Soa 241 Se 1—(Sim/Su_ 1—(379/1297)? = 263.5 MPa OVtLV Sgste 5 Syg Cenglia als 252, 25,7 -1+ 7. 0.752(1297 | ea] MP. 2263.5) lg 03 eee, ae obey Set sles pot 683) ta 2084 B (Spa = 241 MPa l, Zimmerli slesla ly Ly g¢ pL Som 5} Simes CASS shaw () Soa __ 241 T. 203.4OF | ssi cas AV ge 51 Goodman jler lp Syq Cur slis ausls ail jo = SseSon___075(340.5)1297_ TSiytSye 0.75(1297) +3405 = 252.2 MPa Aa Soo Gallas Sea ses tushy BEBON: dye QV) 04 310) 4 4, 4G _ 2.54(81000) 5 57 Nien 8D°N, — 8(13)°21 dete asl y Gb O59 (VN #) ae 5h 2(2.5)°13(21)7.86 (10)-°9.81 325N sale Cente eal cys dale (TON) cae 3 we th = [esr 9. al Daten 0.325 od el yb eghye 8 ub ttl 254/20=12.7 He jl te ISL Spa uly SI pene Ay EN ope St pal as sla chy S358 pty ho qulti tee a 2 (Goodman) 1.24 «(Gerber) 1.21 (Sines) 1.18 oy 555 Sh coal cp Solan |4S Goodman ogy ¢y iAilblins Sines jles Zimmerli j) dLezleosls l «2 9 S sal Casey slice ceeds pLaiIV ad Opa Sons Jules acanslia volt Grba, NBL hb leg Os ole L at eel Gerber jlas i! failblons Goodman jas di 53 want 2 gle pS spall gt Ly dah ae cyan gS wale 2 ype Sas Ly Lange gpl 51K AS og WAT 1 S eh BM DoT UES y Sep 2asT y pesto S LBL Sab Foul bay ab sly CIES Ey ale 33 ole (Helical Compression Spring Design for Fatigue Loading) Shp I YVe gad po bye BU El SK tree ly ee GET Le B Ob b IK Sit lb bx 5 Hz alas aS 89N G22.N oye slog ob ples? GILL Gly pl web GS Gash gd NahjT Igbo y 25-4 jh Ags aces J gb cot aad hy ps slo jks ag o9 p25 5d mum U 12.7 mm ye 24> 3 92.85 2.8 2.612.562.4622 clad sie Gly gE 3 jl wth sty 102mm Lp tian gis allen ade ly Lt BS atl gee j} 2.85 o5lal]cathe tie! gale oy lao dam, A 2mm Jie 35 Y SLY Qe Boe ee Cb L ald po cca aa fo pe 99 hth od 03 td tl Jpou KZ US LS Sid all> S y 100mm PE Ath eae See te 9 SB oe le CKO HE Glasely 59S ok OL al sdigyel (+19) ae 2 A aay Glades Cee ort 1S Cool Agi ly MPa-mm™ SI y+ glseLy 52 9 psi-in” Aven SUIHLy US. ¢ pe Sg LE cpered 258 BB agg ISMN) ae S pote A Gly Ast 9 Asnce Slasstl dale coe 5 daly by Ast 4 Aven etd Ag, = 6.895 (25.40)" A wsu alas JS 9 025 Sie po 93 3mm am ab 9 26mm ade doy pee GIES Gabe sceel 12 aide phd Cashin I ot CH ed tle Jy UL, OF SIG A2y jay ali Jb (Wl) eS gl ee Ugh LL gl ae Ae Geel tee pb Oat oe ly AY Gad () $3 Stary Gs SLE LIC) CTV) G (VAD #) cay TENS) ae beaut 354 134 N bes b bb ty dle sydd pl Uh EBS ad oN SLD Alb ibssl lel bees po 99 ceed DD og pe Hy 2M poe HASH HATS I GLE Gabe ayia Adle B.S JS 52 3 025 Soe GANT ge aslo cpap! Meng gh U all Ugh Ge iS ay S edt cele ol (al) $3 (SO Say Jybey Ody sly (SY Gays (©) 83 Eso) Samay Gy HLS Lid) Bg (V=V6) G MAAN) g (TEN #) sae & aga SH TSN Ble Jb GL Fe lee Sly OS phil alr Glee s NUT cry cel oda SI 5 pone 99 Oy rel Bley 2 F day doris Cm 4 5? S GIST gb cp PSry HSI 8ip|> Spas! En gh wojny C5 Gab GL GE AB my =1.2 SU Geel eae shape |b YT ote \-\- Y-\- f-\- oe Fle Y-\e 6 \y-1+ ofl si oii i ef fi filosy SES gla AUB fing gee 40 0.63 0.036 0.006 vr BIS j,2 IS. ost 0.120 oo12 le AM Sj NS 104 075 0240 0.040 a ART tS cne Vp 5.25 294 20 0135 sae amoest 3 180 375 10 14s Me ARB pblsps 8.0 90 30 0192 \Y-e ABS 40 159 091 02 yet A228 104 19.1 6.10 10 Wet anvoodt 35 25 746 508 34 Yor 130 953 254 37 Vets 80 2286 762 43 Weis Jb Sp Joos 50mm 89 25 5 aL) 9ON sli sb diye pee I GL Quast Shp ABU LD iI te Gly al asl Ge pe od ste 100mm 5hobjf Ugh y 38mm 5) ny apt ald ab 1S Ly gene B Baptay pS cgtalae 2 le 5 93 dap 8 epKty ly 125mm lb dd y Col 19mm jb lal 3 y39 (cil) OS PUBL col SS deb ols pled 6 Soy sly 125mm 5 jd A) 2 S tals IS 25mm de Hl pe O59 3 (G) Selb ly Bc JS ph ous QSL O49 8 flew Eyl 5 Wag 5 tle sant JSF 2 S675 ly oles pee Ghat) La ae Sti sleail> stad 5 sony Sg gf (ll) BEW Usb dtm Sle Aga (DO) F535 I At ty ZO) 120m: Sonn thes tom Sr pS AL IMS Qoye 92 G8 mm gS 4 IS aad i LYS 1S Joo pa as Sal SLE WS aaa 09 MSL gata y oS bbs 25 3b Li cA ee J yf Lp eg cel M10 0S ey 16mm WY nde HS ul IE ASN 0S 59,5 VA-1+ nA Va-1- silt Vey alles ye tte encathe atiel yale | art aylby Suey y wash pine i US By) yb the oS gy FAL LS Lo dan Ib Y pd pk ey ged oy Ugh 315mm 5! te Iyb 52 3 .Ly = 38+9.5 mm SUB LS ol tae GS Qube S AAL m 21S I sly 9m 212 i Tl aaa Lb aL OT iI lie BSL yb OLS Gis Gleal eels 2 steel (coal an UL eLb Olas nl) ob paul ogre GUS gel JIS O45 LL eat al J sigh 58 Yi. nA Ma dT y po aile loge Roy RS Col Gilt by ee ql BK JS ye YY-1+ fil CEE US oslo SET pte suki KG Upie alale ccaul Jd glaail> jt Ng y dss Att OES eee Ladle Glad Sp pad Uncle Ro-Riy R=Ry+ Sly uly 3 Gp Castigliano 424) b cue! Obsly 4 OS ac 1GNq(Ra + Ri)(R3 + Ri) — Ral ban Veet alae Ye (From Rear 6. Bas, ‘Adbaneed Seng and ‘pled Sires Arak 24 ‘ed Mera New Yr, 1989, Cpt © 1999. The Mean Congas): @ilic alia Otay Ont col jal alb Gus hg pals Ss dea