Vesda Vlc-400: Product Guide

VESDA VLC-400
Product Guide
June 2014
Document: 03494_11
Part Number: 18938
VESDA by Xtralis VESDA VLC-400 Product Guide
Intellectual Property and Copyright

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written consent of Xtralis.
Disclaimer
The contents of this document is provided on an “as is” basis. No representation or warranty (either express or
implied) is made as to the completeness, accuracy or reliability of the contents of this document. The manufacturer
reserves the right to change designs or specifications without obligation and without further notice. Except as
otherwise provided, all warranties, express or implied, including without limitation any implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are expressly excluded.
General Warning
This product must only be installed, configured and used strictly in accordance with the General Terms and
Conditions, User Manual and product documents available from Xtralis. All proper health and safety precautions
must be taken during the installation, commissioning and maintenance of the product. The system should not be
connected to a power source until all the components have been installed. Proper safety precautions must be taken
during tests and maintenance of the products when these are still connected to the power source. Failure to do so
or tampering with the electronics inside the products can result in an electric shock causing injury or death and may
cause equipment damage. Xtralis is not responsible and cannot be held accountable for any liability that may arise
due to improper use of the equipment and/or failure to take proper precautions. Only persons trained through an
Xtralis accredited training course can install, test and maintain the system.
Liability
You agree to install, configure and use the products strictly in accordance with the User Manual and product
documents available from Xtralis.
Xtralis is not liable to you or any other person for incidental, indirect, or consequential loss, expense or damages of
any kind including without limitation, loss of business, loss of profits or loss of data arising out of your use of the
products. Without limiting this general disclaimer the following specific warnings and disclaimers also apply:
Fitness for Purpose
You agree that you have been provided with a reasonable opportunity to appraise the products and have made
your own independent assessment of the fitness or suitability of the products for your purpose. You acknowledge
that you have not relied on any oral or written information, representation or advice given by or on behalf of Xtralis
or its representatives.
Total Liability
To the fullest extent permitted by law that any limitation or exclusion cannot apply, the total liability of Xtralis in
relation to the products is limited to:
i. in the case of services, the cost of having the services supplied again; or
ii. in the case of goods, the lowest cost of replacing the goods, acquiring equivalent goods or having the goods
repaired.
Indemnification
You agree to fully indemnify and hold Xtralis harmless for any claim, cost, demand or damage (including legal costs
on a full indemnity basis) incurred or which may be incurred arising from your use of the products.
Miscellaneous
If any provision outlined above is found to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of law, such invalidity or
unenforceability will not affect the remainder which will continue in full force and effect. All rights not expressly
granted are reserved.
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VESDA VLC-400 Product Guide VESDA by Xtralis
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shock. This may lead to death or permanent injury.
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dangerous substances. This may lead to death or permanent injury.
Contact Us
The Americas +1 781 740 2223
UK and Europe +44 1442 242 330
D-A-CH +49 431 23284 1
Middle East +962 6 588 5622
Asia +86 21 5240 0077
Australia and New Zealand +61 3 9936 7000
www.xtralis.com
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Codes and Standards Information for Air Sampling Smoke Detection

We strongly recommend that this document is read in conjunction with the appropriate local codes and standards
for smoke detection and electrical connections. This document contains generic product information and some
sections may not comply with all local codes and standards. In these cases, the local codes and standards must
take precedence. The information below was correct at time of printing but may now be out of date, check with your
local codes, standards and listings for the current restrictions.
FCC Compliance Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15
of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed
and used in accordance with the instruction, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However,
there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause
harmful interference to radio or television reception, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one
or more of the following measures; re-orientate or relocate the receiving antenna, increase the separation between
the equipment and receiver, connect the equipment to a power outlet which is on a different power circuit to the
receiver or consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for help.
FDA
This Xtralis VSC product incorporates a laser device and is classified as a Class 1 laser product that complies with
FDA regulations 21 CFR 1040.10. The laser is housed in a sealed detector chamber and contains no serviceable
parts. The laser emits invisible light and can be hazardous if viewed with the naked eye. Under no circumstances
should the detector chamber be opened.
FM Hazardous Applications
3611 Hazardous Approval Warning: Exposure to some chemicals may degrade the sealing of relays used on the
detector. Relays used on the detector are marked “TX2-5V”, “G6S-2-5V” or “EC2-5NU”.
VESDA detectors must not be connected or disconnected to a PC while the equipment is powered in an FM
Division 2 hazardous (classified) location (defined by FM 3611).
ONORM F3014
ONORM F3014, transport times for all tubes (including capillaries) must not exceed 60 seconds from any hole. This
means that the predesigned pipe networks that include capillaries cannot be used.
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Regional regulatory requirements and notices

UL
For open area protection the fire alarm threshold (signal) that initiates an evacuation procedure via the Fire Alarm
Panel must not be set less sensitive than 0.625%/ft. The detector can send this signal via the Fire Alarm Panel
Output signal or the Pre-alarm output signal.
Through validation testing, Underwriters Laboratories Inc. has verified that VESDA ECO gas detectors, when
installed within the sample pipe network, present no significant effects on the smoke detection performance of
VESDA. The use of the ASPIRE2 calculation software is required to verify system design performance with all
devices included in the design.
European Installations
The product must use a power supply conforming to EN54: Part 4.
EN54-20
The product must use a power supply conforming to EN 54-4.
The product is compliant with EN 54-20 sensitivity requirements provided the following conditions are met:
l For a Class A detector, hole sensitivity must be better than 1.5% obscuration/m and transport time less than 60
seconds
l For a Class B detector, hole sensitivity must be better than 4.5% obscuration/m and transport time less than 90
seconds
l For a Class C detector, hole sensitivity must be better than 10% obscuration/m and transport time less than
120 seconds
These limits should be verified using ASPIRE2 during the design of the sampling pipe network.
The product is compliant with EN 54-20 flow monitoring requirements provided the following conditions are met:
l The minor low and minor high flow thresholds should be set at 85% and 115% respectively
l The flow through the detector predicted by ASPIRE2 should be in the range 20 to 65 lpm
Additional information:
l Class A detectors passed EN 54-20 approvals testing with 30 holes and 0.05% obscuration/m detector
sensitivity
l Class B detectors passed EN 54-20 approvals testing with 36 holes and 0.09% obscuration/m detector
sensitivity
l Class C detectors passed EN 54-20 approvals testing with 40 holes and 0.165% obscuration/m detector
sensitivity
Approvals
l UL
l EN 54-20
l 21 CFR 1010.2
l 21 CFR 1010.3
l FCC Class B
l EN 61000-6-3
l EN 50130-4
Regional approvals listings and regulatory compliance vary between VESDA product models. Refer to
www.xtralis.com for the latest product approvals matrix.
Document: 03494_11
Part Number: 18938
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction 3
1.1 Scope 3
1.2 Overview 3
2 Product Description and Functions 5
2.1 Detector Assembly 5
2.2 Front Panel 5
2.3 Main Enclosure 7
2.4 Functions 11
2.5 Communications with Apollo Protocol 12
3 Dimensions 15
4 Specifications 17
5 Pipe Network 19
5.1 Primary Sampling (of Air Handling Unit return grilles) 19
5.2 Secondary Sampling (room or void protection) 19
5.3 Pre-engineered Solutions for Secondary Sampling 20
5.4 Capillary sampling 21
5.5 Pipework Installation 21
6 Factory Default Settings 23
7 Installation 25
7.1 Checks prior to installation 25
7.2 Mounting the detector 25
7.3 Removing the front cover 25
7.4 Remove plastic plugs for cable entry 25
7.5 Fastening the mounting bracket 26
7.6 Mounting the Detector onto the Bracket 26
7.7 Connecting the air sampling pipe 26
7.8 Connecting power and signal cabling 27
7.9 Connecting the Apollo Loop wires to the detector termination card 27
7.10 Setting the Address Loop DIP switches 28
7.11 Closing up the detector 28
7.12 Pipe bonding check 28
8 Commissioning 29
8.1 Device Commissioning 29
8.2 Factory default user access levels 29
8.3 Checks prior to power up 29
8.4 Powering up sequence 29
8.5 Setting smoke thresholds 29
8.6 Airflow Commissioning 30
8.7 AutoLearn 31
9 Maintenance 33
9.1 Schedule 33
9.2 Replaceable items procedure 34
10 Troubleshooting 37
10.1 Interrogating fault conditions 37
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1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This manual provides instructions on how to install, commission and operate the VESDA VLC-400 (Apollo). It
outlines the pipe configurations permissible, power supply requirements, and installation. This manual
presents some basic rules for achieving a conservative pipe work layout that will perform satisfactorily in the
vast majority of applications. It does not provide information on how to design and verify customised pipe
work configurations. Pipe work designs that exceed these pre-verified rules are often possible and may even
result in improved performance but these must always be verified using the ASPIRE2 pipe-modeling software
that should only be used by VESDA accredited installers.
This document provides brief details on how the Xtralis VSC software is used to configure the detector. It
does not describe how to use Xtralis VSC to configure custom alarm thresholds, interrogate event logs and
smoke trends stored in the detector, set the internal clock and generally access the extensive features of the
VESDA VLC-400 detector.
This document is intended for proficient installation engineers who are familiar with the commissioning of an
Apollo Fire Detection System but have limited experience with the installation of VESDA systems.
1.2 Overview
The VESDA VLC-400 is a derivative of the standard VESDA VLC product family, with the primary difference
being that it communicates directly on the Apollo loop.
VESDA VLC detectors provide Very Early Warning of potential fire conditions by drawing air samples through
25mm pipe up to 80m long (two pipes of up to 50m may also be used when branched within 4m of the
detector). Smoke is sampled through holes in the pipe and transported to the detector by an integrated
aspirator or fan. Holes are positioned according to the application and often follow the spacing of standard
conventional point detectors. Where necessary sampling points can be constructed using capillary
extensions. Refer to Section 5.4 on page 21 for more information.
The Apollo version of the VESDA VLC acts as an optical smoke detector on the Apollo loop and reports
directly to the Fire Alarm and Control Panel (FACP). It is compatible with Apollo XP95 and Discovery Fire
Alarm Control Panels (FACP).
In keeping with the Apollo XP95 protocol the VESDA VLC-400 reports the analogue value over the Apollo
Loop - with a count of 55 corresponding to the Fire Condition. As a Discovery Detector the detector operates
in one of 5 sensitivity modes. The threshold associated with each mode is independently configurable using a
PC running Xtralis VSC with the default settings as mentioned in Section 2.5.6 on page 13.
The detector also supports AutoLearn, which may be invoked for a period of up to 14 days using Xtralis VSC.
At the end of the AutoLearn period the sensitivity of all 5 modes is set to the AutoLearn result. Refer to Section
8.7 on page 31 for further information.
The VESDA VLC-400 incorporates a loop isolator, provides support for an external LED and has a
configurable relay onboard.
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2 Product Description and Functions

2.1 Detector Assembly
The VESDA VLC-400 is a standalone aspirating smoke detector.
The VESDA VLC-400 Front Cover supports five (5) LED’s: Fire, Flow, Fault, OK and Filter. The main
enclosure houses all the key components of the detector, which are mounted away from general access.
Legend
A Front Cover
B LED Indicators
C Securing Screws
D Main Enclosure
Figure 2-1: VESDA VLC-400
2.2 Front Panel

The front panel is removable and is secured to the main enclosure with two screws located on the left and right
hand side of the cover. A removable plastic tie attaches the cover to the main enclosure. The plastic tie allows
the front cover to hang down when open and prevents strain on the cable loom.
On the inside of the front cover is a circuit card with LED indicators. This card connects to the termination
card. Section 2.2.1 describes the LED functions.
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2.2.1 LED Functions

The functions of the LED indicators on the front panel from top to bottom are described in 2.2.1.
Table 2-1: LED Functions
LED Function
FIRE This RED LED illuminates when the Fire alarm threshold is
exceeded. The LED is normally controlled from the FACP but in
abnormal conditions, such as a communications failure, cannot be
controlled by the detector.
FLOW This YELLOW LED illuminates when there is flow fault.
FAULT This YELLOW LED illuminates when a fault condition occurs. This
includes a flow or filter fault.
The LED also illuminates during airflow normalization.
OK This GREEN LED remains illuminated lit during normal operation
showing the unit is operating correctly.
The LED functions indicate:
l Continuous = OK
l 2 flashes = Normalizing flow in progress
l 3 flashes = AutoLearn in progress
l 2 flashes then 3 flashes = Normalization and AutoLearn in
progress
FILTER This YELLOW LED illuminates when a filter fault occurs.
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2.3 Main Enclosure

The main enclosure houses the following components:
l Termination card (refer to Section 2.3.1)
l Laser detection chamber (refer to Section 2.3.7)
l Air filter cartridge (refer to Section 2.3.5)
l Air exhaust port (refer to Section 2.3.6)
l Aspirator (refer to Section 2.3.4)
l Cable entry ports (refer to Section 2.3.2)
l Air inlet port with air flow sensor (refer to Section 2.3.3)
l Main processor card (refer to Section 2.3.8)
Each of the above components is explained in more detail in the following sub-sections.
Legend
A Termination Card
B Laser Detection Chamber
C Air Filter
D Air Exhaust Port
E Aspirator
F Anti-tamper Screw
G Cable Entry Ports
One port accessible from
rear of cover.
H Air Inlet Port
Figure 2-2: Main Enclosure Components
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2.3.1 Termination Card

The termination card provides the physical interface between the VESDA VLC-400 detector and the fire panel
and allows power, VESDAlink and other auxiliary wires to be connected to the detector.
The termination card is attached to the main enclosure by four screws (see Figure 2-2) and contains:
l PC connector: The DB9 connector provides the communications interface for programming the detector
using Xtralis VSC. See below.
l Loop address DIP switch: An eight-position DIP switch sets the loop address for the detector. The
address is set in binary. Refer to Section 7.10 on page 28 for further information.
l Termination card wiring: See below for a description of the termination card connectors.
l Fuse: The power protection fuse (1.6A) is replaceable and protects the detector’s electrical system
against short circuit or overload.
Legend
A PC Connector
B Address Loop DIP Switch
C LED Card Connector
D Aspirator Connector
E 1.6A Fuse
F Power Connections
Two sets in parallel
G Fire Relay Connections
H Power Supply Monitor
Connections
I External LED Connections
J Loop IN/OUT Connections
Figure 2-3: Termination Card Layout

VESDAlink programming interface
The VESDAlink programming interface is via a standard DB9 connector on the termination card. This
connection provides a RS-232 serial communications link to a PC running Xtralis VSC enabling full
configuration and maintenance diagnostics of the detector.
Power supply and communication signal connectors
There are three wire terminal strips on the card to terminate the wires. The maximum wire size that can fit into
the terminal is 2.5sq mm (12AWG).
The 10-pin screw type connector provides field connections for:
l Loop IN/OUT. Consists of LOOP IN-, LOOP IN+, LOOP OUT- and LOOP OUT+ and allows for multi-
drop connection of detectors.
l External LED. Consists of LED- and LED+ and connects to an external LED.
l Power Supply Monitoring. PSM- and PSM+ contacts provide a monitoring facility for the external power
supply and trips a fault condition if the 47kOhm End-of-Line (EOL) resistor is not sensed.
The 5-pin screw type connector provides a connection for:
l Fire Relay. Consists of one set of changeover relay contacts (NC, C and NO).
l Power 24VDC. Two parallel power connection points (one set on the 5 pin screw type connector and one
set on the 2 pin screw type connector) are provided for convenient loop-through wiring.
Figure 2-4 below shows the possible field wiring connections for the termination card.
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Figure 2-4: Field Wiring Connection
2.3.2 Cable Entry Ports

There are four cable entry ports on the right hand side of the detector, as shown in Figure 2-2. The cable entry
ports are 27mm diameter and supports cable diameters up to 18mm (¾in) with a suitable cable gland fitted
(cable gland is not supplied).
2.3.3 Air inlet port with air flow sensor

An air inlet port is located on the top of the enclosure (see Figure 2-2) to allow sampled air to enter into the
detector for analysis. An arrow points towards the port to identify the air inlet (see Figure 2-2). The air inlet port
is designed to accommodate a standard 25mm Ø OD pipe. The port is tapered to provide a positive seal for
the pipe.
An airflow sensor, located inside the air inlet port continuously monitors the airflow through the aspirator and
prompts the user when there is a reduction or an increase in the airflow.
The air inlet and exhaust pipes MUST NOT be glued to the detector ports.
Caution: The inlet and exhaust port is fitted with a sealing plug for shipping to prevent accidental entry of
foreign objects. This plug MUST be removed for the detector to operate correctly whether the
exhaust piping is fitted or not.
2.3.4 Aspirator
The aspirator is a proprietary high efficiency air pump that draws in air through a network of sampling air pipes
and passes a small sample of the filtered air into the laser detection chamber. The rest of the air is exhausted
out through the port located at the bottom of the enclosure.
The aspirator runs continuously at a fixed speed.
2.3.5 Air Filter Cartridge

The air filter cartridge is located at the bottom left hand side of the enclosure and is secured in place by a
single recessed screw. The filter elements are housed inside a disposable cartridge and cannot be cleaned for
reuse. Refer to Section 9.2.1 on page 34 for details on replacing the air filter cartridge.
The sampled air from the environment passes through two stages of filtering within the air filter cartridge. The
first stage removes the large particles of dirt and allows the smaller smoke particles to pass into the detection
chamber for analysis. The second stage removes the sub-micron particles of dirt and passes very clean air
into the detection chamber to keep the optical surfaces clean.
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The expected filter operating life is 5 years in a clean environment. In dusty environments the life expectancy
of the filter is reduced. The detector monitors the air filter life and indicates when it is time to change the filter.
It is generally recommended that the filter is replaced every 2 years in normal environments and a service
interval timer is provided for this function.
2.3.6 Air exhaust port

The air exhaust port, located at the bottom right hand side of the enclosure (see Figure 2-2) allows the
sampled air to be expelled into the environment. An arrow pointing away the port identifies the air outlet port
(see Figure 2-5 below).
Legend
A Air Exhaust Port
Figure 2-5: Air Exhaust Port

The exhaust port may be left open, allowing sampled air to diffuse into the immediate environment or it may be
fitted with a pipe to return the air back to the sampling zone.
The air exhaust port is designed to accommodate a standard 25mm Ø OD pipe. The port is tapered to provide
a positive seal for the pipe. The maximum length of the exhaust port should be limited to 2 m.
The air inlet and exhaust pipes MUST NOT be glued to the detector ports.
Caution: The inlet and exhaust port is fitted with a sealing plug for shipping to prevent accidental entry of
foreign objects. This plug MUST be removed for the detector to operate correctly whether the
exhaust piping is fitted or not.
2.3.7 Laser detection chamber

The Laser detection chamber is located in the rear of the enclosure behind the metal back panel. In the laser
detection chamber, a small portion of the sampled air passes through a laser beam. Presence of smoke
particles in the sampled air causes light scattering that is analyzed by the main processor card to determine
the smoke density or obscuration.
Caution: The detection chamber is inaccessible, not serviceable and is NOT to be opened. The metal
back panel is NOT to be opened.
Caution: If this cover is opened all warranties for the detector are void
2.3.8 Main processor card

The main processor card is located in the rear of the main enclosure behind the metal back panel.
Caution: The main processor card is NOT user accessible. The metal back panel is NOT to be opened.
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2.4 Functions
2.4.1 Loop isolation
The VESDA VLC-400 includes a loop isolator designed to maintain the loop configuration in the event that a
short circuit fault occurs. If a short circuit appears on the loop, the loop isolator opens that connection and
isolates that segment until the problem is rectified.
2.4.2 Loop loading

The maximum number of devices that can be supported on a single loop is 126. Each device has a loading of
less than 220µA.
2.4.3 Power supply monitoring

The VESDA VLC-400 provides an input circuit to monitor an external power supply unit (PSU), if applicable.
During normal operation the PSU presents a normally open contact with a 47K ohm end of line (EOL) resistor
across it. This 47 KO resistor sets the supervision current in the field wiring between the detector and power
supply.
When the PSU detects a fault condition the fault contact will be closed thus causing a short on the input
circuit, which will cause the VESDA VLC-400 to transmit a fault to the fire panel.
At least one VESDA VLC-400 detector or other monitoring device should monitor each PSU. If external
monitoring is not connected to the detector then ensure the 47KO EOL resistor is fitted to the PSM terminals
on the termination card.
2.4.4 Drift compensation

The VESDA VLC-400 does not require drift compensation. The drift value is set to 0 for an aspirating type
detector and 16 for an optical type detector.
2.4.5 AutoLearn
AutoLearn is the process of monitoring the average smoke obscuration levels in an environment in order to
automatically set alarm thresholds that are appropriate. This assists in ensuring the earliest possible warning
of a fire condition while minimizing the risk of false alarms.
2.4.6 Relay output

The relay output is configured via Xtralis VSC using the normally open or normally closed contacts. The relay
can be configured to follow either the Fire LED or allow the relay output to be controlled directly by the fire
panel.
If the detector relay output is to be used for the purpose of signalling an alarm condition, it is generally
advisable to configure it to follow the Fire LED (bit 2) rather than the remote LED/relay (bit 0) signal from the
FACP. It is only necessary to configure it to follow the remote LED/relay signal if the relay is required to signal
anything other than the individual Compact alarm condition. This is only relevant where the FACP has the
capability to customize the function of the relay output (as if it were an optical detector on a relay base).
NOTE: If the LED/relay signal (bit 0) is intended for the operation of a remote LED, many FACP’s limit the
number of remote LED’s that may be illuminated in order to minimize the alarm current. If in doubt, please
contact the fire control panel manufacturer.
2.4.7 Remote LED

The remote LED may be configured via Xtralis VSC to mimic the Fire LED on the VESDA VLC-400 or be
directly controlled by the fire panel.
If the remote LED is not illuminated by an alarm condition it will flash once every 30 seconds to indicate fault-
free operation.
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2.4.8 Event log

A historical log of the most recent 10,240 events occurring within the system is stored in the detector’s
permanent memory. These events can be viewed using the Xtralis VSC software supplied with the detector.
Note: The Fault LED remains illuminated while the RS232 cable is connected and Xtralis VSC active. At
the same time the fire panel sees the detector in a fault condition until Xtralis VSC is removed.
2.5 Communications with Apollo Protocol

2.5.1 Detector configuration
The VESDA VLC-400 operates on the Apollo Loop using the standard protocol and is compatible with XP95
and Discovery FACP's. An Apollo Loop can have a maximum of 126 VESDA VLC-400 detectors.
The VESDA VLC-400 is configured using Xtralis VSC software on a PC connected to the detector’s DB9
connector on the termination card.
2.5.2 Types
The VESDA VLC-400 detector can be reported as one of two types, aspirating (152) or optical (160). The
default type setting is aspirating (152). The detector type is selectable via Xtralis VSC.
Table 2-2: Bit Types for Aspirated and Optical Type VESDA VLC-400
Feature Aspirated Type Optical Type
Smoke Analog Value 11 to 127 (Alarm at 55) 23 to 127 (Alarm at 55)
Fault Analog Value <8 (8 to 10 not used) < 8 (8 to 22 not used)
Drift Value 0 16
Type Bits 2 1 0 4 3 7 6 5 2 1 0 4 3 7 6 5
1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
The differences between the two types relates to the nominal non smoke signal and the setting of the drift
value as indicated in Table 2-2. Discovery type devices are allocated a specific device type by Apollo that is
set as a constant value (i.e. a 3 bit type code) that is reported back to the fire panel.
2.5.3 Protocol Compatibility

The VESDA VLC-400 operates on the Apollo Loop using the XP95 or the Discovery protocol.
2.5.4 Protocol BIT Usage

The VESDA VLC-400 uses a 3-bit message to communicate:
l Bit 0 = Remote LED/Relay1
l Bit 1 = Self Test
l Bit 2 = Fire LED
The Output bits initiate an action/status message while the Input bits provide confirmation of the respective
action
1The Xtralis VSC software can configure the Remote LED/Relay to follow Bit 0 or Bit 2. If the LED/relay
signal (bit 0) is intended for the operation of a remote LED, many FACP’s limit the number of remote LED’s
that may be illuminated in order to minimize the alarm current. If in doubt, please contact the fire control panel
manufacturer.
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2.5.5 Apollo Protocol

Apollo protocol utilizes digital values of counts allocated for faults, Pre-alarms and Fire Alarms.
l Count 0 = Default Configuration Values
l Count 1 = Default Head Calibration
l Count 2 = Normalizing
l Count 3 = Not Assigned (Reserved)
l Count 4 = Laser Low
l Count 5 = Filter Fault
l Count 6 = Flow Fault
l Count 7 = Any other fault
l Count 23 to 45 = Normal (optical type)
l Count 12 to 45 = Normal (aspirating type)
l Count 45 to 55 = Pre-alarm depending upon FACP
l Count 55 = Fire Alarm
2.5.6 Sensitivity modes

The VESDA VLC-400 uses five sensitivity modes (see Table 2-3), which also allows delay times to be
configured. The user may select a sensitivity and delay mode that best suits their application, providing for the
best sensitivity while minimizing the likelihood of nuisance alarms.
Table 2-3: Default Sensitivity Modes
Sensitivity Threshold Modes Threshold Setting Range Delay Time
Mode 1 0.05%/m (0.015%/ft) 15 secs
Mode 2 0.1%/m (0.03%/ft) 10 secs
Mode 3 Factory Default Setting 0.2%/m (0.06%/ft) 10 secs
Mode 4 0.5%/m (0.15%/ft) 10 secs
Mode 5 1.0%/m (0.31%/ft) 10 secs
Where the FACP supports timed mode selection (i.e. selecting different modes at different times of day), the
modes may be used to support day/night settings, e.g. to provide increased sensitivity at night and selecting
normal sensitivity during the day.
Each mode is alterable via Xtralis VSC. The factory default mode is Mode 3. When the VESDA VLC-400
communicates with the fire panel, the message contains the sensitivity mode being used.
The selected mode information is stored on an EEPROM so that the value is remembered each time the
VESDA VLC-400 detector is powered-up.
When the VESDA VLC-400 is connected to an XP95 compatible panel, the mode used is not selectable from
the panel. In this case the active mode may only be set through a command from Xtralis VSC.
To configure custom alarm thresholds and delays for the 5 sensitivity modes using Xtralis VSC software
select the Smoke Thresholds tab in the corresponding detector screen. Select the appropriate Band and enter
the required obscuration percentage and/or the delay time for the selected Band. Refer to Figure 2-6 for further
information.
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Figure 2-6: Xtralis VSC Smoke Threshold Tab
2.5.7 Digital value reporting

The digital value used to indicate the obscuration level reported to the fire panel is dependent on the type of
detector set.
The calculation used is:
V = (T - F) * O/A + F
Where:
l V = The analogue value limited to a maximum value of 127
l F = The fault threshold (11 for optical and 23 for aspirating)
l T = Apollo loop alarm threshold is 55
l O = The current smoke obscuration reading
l A = The alarm obscuration level (from the sensitivity mode data)
2.5.8 Delays
Smoke level that exceeds the current Alarm threshold is held off until the delay period has expired.
When the device goes into alarm the reported obscuration level will be 54 counts until the delay period for the
selected sensitivity mode has expired or until the obscuration level goes out of alarm (whichever comes first).
At this point the current obscuration level is then reported (refer to Figure 2-7).
Figure 2-7: Delay and Obscuration Level Reporting

Figure 2-7 shows the detector to holding the reported alarm level until the device has been polled and the alarm
reported to the panel. Additionally, an alarm level will be reported to the fire panel via three consecutive
addressed polls.
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3 Dimensions
The physical dimensions of the VESDA VLC-400 detector are shown below.
Figure 3-1: Dimensions (Front & Side Views)
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205mm
8.07in
225mm
8.86in
112.5mm
4.43in
95mm
3.74in
112.5mm
4.43in
225mm
8.86in
Figure 3-2: Dimensions with Mounting Brackets (Rear View)
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4 Specifications
Table 4-1: Detector Specifications
Specification Description
Supply Voltage 18 to 30VDC (nominally 24VDC)
Power Consumption 5.4W quiescent state, 5.9W alarm state
Current Consumption 225mA quiescent state, 245mA alarm state
Fuse Rating 1.6A
Dimensions (WHD) 225mm x 225mm x 85mm (8 7/8” x 8 7/8” x 3 3/8”)
Weight 1.9kg (4.2lbs)
Max. No of Addresses 126 (uses addresses 1-126 inclusive)
Note: Address 0 and Address 127 are illegal addresses and will
generate a communications fault.
Operating Temperature l Detector Ambient: 0° to 39°C (32°F to 103°F) *
l Tested: -10° to 55° C (14° F to 131° F) *
l Sampled Air: -20° to 60°C (-4° to 140°F) *
l Humidity: 10-95% RH, non-condensing
Sampling Pipe Network Maximum area of coverage 800sq.m (approx. 8000sq.ft), consisting of
either one 80m piping network or two 50m lengths of pipes.
Pipe Size ID: 15-21mm (9/16in – 7/8in)
OD: 25mm
Relay One set of configurable relay contacts marked NO, C and NC.
Power Supply Monitoring Monitored input – requires a 47kOhms EOL resistor.
A short circuit (PSU fault), or an open circuit (wiring fault) is reported as
fault 15 on Xtralis VSC.
IP Rating IP 30
Cable Access 4 x 25mm (1in) cable entries
Cable Termination Screw terminal blocks (0.2-2.5sq mm, 30-12 AWG)
Sensitivity Range 0.005 to 20.00% obs/m (0.0015 to 6.25% obs/ft)
Threshold Setting Range Each sensitivity mode can be set in the range 0.005%/m to 20%/m with a
delay of 0-60 seconds
Default sensitivity modes:
l Mode 1: 0.05%/m (0.015%/ft) Threshold, 15 secs delay time
l Mode 2: 0.1%/m (0.03%/ft) Threshold, 10 secs delay time
l Mode 3**: 0.2%/m (0.06%/ft) Threshold 10 secs delay time
l Mode 4: 0.5%/m (0.15%/ft) Threshold 10 secs delay time
l Mode 5: 1.0%/m (0.31%/ft) Threshold 10 secs delay time
** Mode 3 is the factory default setting
Event Log Capable of storing 10,240 recent events.
AutoLearn l Maximum: 15 days, 23 hours and 59 minutes.
l Nominal: 14 days
AutoLearn updates the thresholds for modes 1-5 after successful
completion.
Remote LED (Red) Configured to:
l mimic the Fire LED, or
l be controlled by the fire panel.
* Product UL listed for use from 32°F to 104°F (0°C to 38°C)
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5 Pipe Network
This document does not cover the design and installation of Aspirating pipe work in detail. For complex or
customized designs please contact an approved Xtralis agent who can use the ASPIRE2 pipe work modeling
program to verify non-standard designs.
Notes:
l These standard designs are provided for ease of installation in the majority of applications. The
limitations specified are conservative and the VLC-400 is fully capable of being successfully applied
beyond the limits stated when the design and installation of the pipe work is directed by an approved
Xtralis agent.
l The following standard designs are Class C under EN54-20 when used with the default alarm threshold
of 0.2% obscuration/m.
5.1 Primary Sampling (of Air Handling Unit return grilles)

VESDA VLC-400 detectors are ideally suited to protecting large areas (up to 800m²) with high airflows by
arranging sampling pipe across the return grille of Air Handling Units.
Up to 2 identical Air Handling Units may be covered as long as they are not independently controlled or
unusually large (e.g. > 30kW or >10,000m3/hr).
Pipe work across the grille should be arranged to ensure that the flow into the grille is adequately sampled.
Generally, Xtralis recommends a maximum coverage of 0.2m² per sampling hole. For example a grille
measuring 1.5m x 0.8m would need 6 sampling holes (refer to Figure 5-2). When sampling across a grille the
sampling holes should generally face into the flow, as such slight rotations of the pipe during commissioning
may improve performance. Consideration should be given to any maintenance requirements for the Air
Handling Unit. For example, it may be necessary to allow for convenient removal of the VESDA pipe work to
allow easy access to filters in the AHU.
Figure 5-1: Sampling an AHU
5.2 Secondary Sampling (room or void protection)

VESDA VLC-400 detectors may be used to protect open areas up to 800m². This is generally achieved by
positioning sampling holes according to the standards relating to conventional point detectors.
The pre-engineered pipework solutions presented in the following section may be used without verifying their
performance using the ASPIRE2 pipe modelling software. These pre-engineered solutions are compliant with
the European standards and achieve a transport time of less than 90 seconds and sensitivity performance
significantly better than 4.5% obs/m and so the systems are Class B under VESDA approvals to EN 54-20
and sensitivity performance is significantly better that the requirements of EN54-7 (or EN 54-20 Class C)
where the sensitivity of individual sampling points must be better than 10%obscuration/m. However, where
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specific performance requirements are specified (e.g. a Class A system or transport times of <60 seconds) or
where practical considerations fall outside the following pre-engineered designs, the performance of the
sampling system should be modeled on the ASPIRE2 software by personnel with suitable training.
5.3 Pre-engineered Solutions for Secondary Sampling

In single pipe system, pipe lengths of up to 80m may be used, between 3 and 15 sampling holes may be used,
each having a diameter of 2.5mm with an end cap drilled with a 4mm hole.
In branched pipe systems with two branches (i.e. 2 x 50m) within 4m of the detector, each branch is capable
of having between 2 – 9 sampling holes of 3mm diameter plus an end cap of 4mm.
Figure 5-2: Pre-engineered pipework configurations

Sampling holes should be evenly spaced (within ±20%) but may be bunched towards the end cap end if
required. Equal numbers of sampling holes should be used on each pipe unless supported by an ASPIRE2
model.
Sharp elbows in the pipe should be avoided – use “slow bends”.
The drilled openings should be de-burred but NOT chamfered for proper functioning of the system.
These systems are EN 54-20 Class B systems when using the default Fire Alarm threshold of 0.2% obs/m.
Using ASPIRE2 it is possible to determine the Class of many different configurations of holes and pipework.
It is also possible to estimate the Class by considering the additional information relating to the configuration
of the systems tested during the evaluation to EN54-20.
Where the detector is located remote from the protected area (for example in a corridor outside the room) then
consideration must be given to returning the detector exhaust to the protected area to balance the pressure
differences that may exist between the areas. In the majority of applications, this is not necessary as
pressure differences are minimal. Where a small pressure difference is present but it is not practical to return
the exhaust, the VESDA VLC-400 may still be deployed but it may be necessary to remove the pipe while the
aspirator is off during flow normalization (refer to Section 8.6 on page 30) to prevent residual flows corrupting
the normalization process and to ensure that the flow monitor operates correctly. Where pressure differences
may exceed 50Pa the pre-engineered solutions presented in this manual may not be reliable. It is
recommended that the design is verified by a suitably qualified installer using ASPIRE2.
Note: Where transport times of <60 seconds are specifically required, the maximum pipe length for the
pre-engineered systems is 65m. Transport times of <60 seconds can be achieved with pipe lengths
up to 70m on custom systems designed using ASPIRE2.
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5.4 Capillary sampling

Capillary sampling consists of 8mm OD flexible tubes up to 2m long, running from the main pipe work in place
of standard sampling holes. Longer capillary tubes (up to 8m long) may be used but system performance must
be verified using the ASPIRE2 pipe modeling software.
The following figure illustrates capillary sampling.
Figure 5-3: Capillary Sampling
5.5 Pipework Installation

The following points should be considered when installing the sampling pipe:
l Aspirating Pipe should only be installed by a competent contractor
l Various pipe materials and colors may be used but the most common is PVC or ABS in red or white.
Smooth bore tube is preferable.
l All pipe runs must be adequately supported with appropriate clips.
l Avoid the use of sharp elbows – use “slow” bends for 90 degrees.
l Where pipe must be removable for maintenance access use appropriate socket unions.
l In environments with large temperature variations expansion and contraction of the pipe should be
considered. The pipe work layout and clips must be able to accommodate any likely movement. For
example ABS pipe expands by 0.1% with every 10ºC increase in temperature.
l All joints must be airtight – this is typically achieved on plastic pipe using suitable adapters and
adhesives.
l Allow sufficient movement in the pipe at the detector to facilitate removal for maintenance. A tapering of
the air inlet port prevents the pipe from being inserted beyond 15mm (5/8in).
l DO NOT USED ADHESIVE ON THE PIPE JOINT ENTERING THE DETECTOR
l All pipes should be clearly marked as “Aspirating Detector Pipe” or equivalent.
l All sampling holes should be clearly marked. It is advisable to do this as each hole is drilled to avoid any
misunderstandings.
l Ensure that swarf and installation debris is cleared from the pipe work before connecting the pipe to the
detector. This can be achieved by using an industrial vacuum cleaner prior to making the connection.
On installations where the detector is in the inverted orientation there may be a risk of objects falling into the
exhaust port. It may be prudent to install short length of exhaust pipe to eliminate the risk.
Warning:
l THE PERFORMANCE OF THIS SYSTEM IS DEPENDENT UPON THE PIPE NETWORK.
l ANY EXTENSIONS OR MODIFICATIONS TO THE DESIGNED INSTALLATION MAY CAUSE
IMPROPER OPERATION.
l OPERATIONAL EFFECTS OF SUCH CHANGES SHALL BE VERIFIED USING ASPIRE2.
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6 Factory Default Settings

The VESDA VLC-400 is shipped from the factory with the default settings as shown in Table 6-1.
Only authorized personnel at the Administrative (ADM) or Distributor (DST) level may alter these values (refer
to Section 8.2 on page 29)
These settings can be accessed via the Xtralis VSC menu settings using the minimum access level as
shown in the table.
Table 6-1: Factory Default Settings
Minimum
Parameter Default Value
Access Level
Units Metric Adm
Airflow…High Urgent 130% Adm
Airflow…High Minor 120% Adm
Airflow…Low Minor 80% Adm
Airflow…Low Urgent 70% Adm
AutoLearn 14 days Adm
0 hours
0 minutes
Smoke Threshold Mode 3: 0.2% Adm
Delay: 10 secs
Relay Fire Command from the Fire Panel Adm
Ext LED Fire Command from the Fire Panel Adm
Device Type Aspirating Smoke Detector – type Adm
152
Filter Service Interval 1825 days (5 years) Adm
Device ID Name/Location Adm
Event Log to View Smoke Level Adm
Alarms
Faults
User Action
Device Loop Address 0 Adm
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7 Installation
7.1 Checks prior to installation
Check the VESDA VLC-400 detector for any signs of shipping damage. Inform your distributor if there is any
damage.
Identify the location of where the detector is to be mounted. It should be noted that the VESDA VLC-400
detector could be mounted on a wall or a suitable secure surface (refer to Section 7.2).
7.2 Mounting the detector

Verify the selected mounting position is suitable for the detector by test fitting the VESDA VLC-400 onto the
actual mounting position. Ensure there is at least 150mm (6”) of clear space around the air inlet pipe and cable
entry points to allow for pipe and conduit entry.
Verify the correct location for the cable entry points and the sampling air pipes.
Determine the type of fasteners required to attach the mounting bracket to the mounting surface. The screw
hole size on the mounting plate is 8mm.
The detector can be mounted in one of two allowable mounting positions, as shown in Figure 7-1 and
described below:
l Mount the detector with the air inlet pipe at the top of the box and with the air exhaust pipe at the bottom
(known as the Normal Orientation); or
l Mount the detector with the air inlet pipe at the bottom of the box and with the air exhaust pipe at the top
(known as the Inverted Orientation).
Legend
A Cable Entry Ports
One port accessible from
rear of cover.
B Air Exhaust Port
Figure 7-1: VESDA VLC-400 Orientations Normal (Left) and Inverted (Right)
Allow 25mm (approximately 1”) for cable entries and use appropriate conduit or cable clamps where
necessary.
7.3 Removing the front cover

The front cover is removed by unscrewing the two screws. The cover is retained on the main enclosure with a
plastic tie. The cover can be removed completely by disconnecting the cable to the LED display card and
twisting the plastic tie through 90 degrees. If the detector has been installed in the inverted orientation then the
cover must be removed, rotated through 180 degrees and then refitted.
7.4 Remove plastic plugs for cable entry

To remove the plastic plugs:
1. Determine the cable entry holes to be used.
2. Use your thumb to push out the hole plugs from inside the enclosure.
It is essential to remove the exhaust-shipping plug and this is best done when the inlet pipe is inserted.
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7.5 Fastening the mounting bracket

Warning: Ensure there are no electrical wires or plumbing behind the selected mounting position before
drilling. Ensure the mounting surface is flat.
Fasten the mounting bracket to the surface. Ensure the detector is correctly positioned, level and that the
hooks point upwards (see Figure 7-2).
Legend
A
A Rear of the box
B B Qty 4 rectangular slots
C Mounting Bracket
D Qty 4 Bracket tab
C
Figure 7-2: Rear View of Detector Showing Mounting Bracket
7.6 Mounting the Detector onto the Bracket

In order to prevent the detector being removed from the bracket once installed an anti-tamper screw is
provided (refer to Figure 2-2). This screw locks the detector onto the bracket. Before sliding the detector onto
the mounting bracket, ensure that the anti tamper screw is fully screwed out. Only tighten the anti-tamper
screw once the detector is in place.
Insert the sampling pipe into the inlet port ensuring a firm fit and where relevant connect the exhaust pipe. Fit
appropriate conduit or cable clamps as required.
7.7 Connecting the air sampling pipe

The air inlet port is designed to fit a standard pipe of 25mm OD. The air inlet port is tapered to provide a
positive seal.
Note: Where ¾" pipe, which has an 11/16" OD, is used then a suitable adaptor should be used to connect
the pipe to the inlet manifold.
To connect the sampling pipe:
1. De-burr and square off the end of the sampling air pipe. Ensure the pipe is free from swarf.
2. Remove the plugs from the inlet and exhaust ports.
3. Insert the pipe into the inlet port ensuring a firm fit. DO NOT glue this connection.
4. Pipe the exhaust when necessary.
Caution: DO NOT GLUE THE AIR INLET AND EXHAUST PIPE CONNECTION. A glued connection
makes disconnecting the sampling air pipe from the detector for maintenance extremely difficult
and may result in damage to the equipment.
Note: It is essential to remove the exhaust shipping Plug from the exhaust port and this is best done when
the inlet pipe is inserted.
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7.8 Connecting power and signal cabling

7.8.1 Power Supply
The VESDA VLC-400 requires a nominal 24VDC power supply capable of being isolated. It is recommended
that the power supply be compliant with EN54-4 or other fire standards as required by the regional authority.
Note: The VESDA VLC-400 detector will not operate when the power supply is reversed.
Warning: Do not operate when the DC supply voltage is outside the device operating voltage range of
18VDC to 30VDC. Damage may occur if more than 30VDC is applied.
7.8.2 Using cable glands

Run the wires through the conduit or cable clamps where necessary and into the VESDA VLC-400 enclosure.
Use Local Codes and Electrical Standards for cabling.
7.8.3 Using conduits

Terminate the conduits at the cable entry holes on the sides of the box using the appropriate conduit
connectors.
7.9 Connecting the Apollo Loop wires to the detector

termination card
Figure 7-3 shows the possible field wiring connections on the termination card. Connect the Apollo Loop wires
as shown in Figure 7-3.
Figure 7-3: Wire Connection Details for Loop Configuration
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7.10 Setting the Address Loop DIP switches

The VESDA VLC-400 uses the standard Apollo address protocol. The valid address range for the VESDA
VLC-400 is from 1 to 126.
Note: Addresses 0 and 127 are illegal addresses and the Fault LED shall be illuminated to indicate a fault
condition.
The loop address, in binary form, is set via a DIP switch mounted on the termination card. The address of the
detector is set using switches 1 through 7 (see Figure 7-4).
Note: When decoding the address setting on the DIP switch, the OFF position is seen as a 1 in binary
address form.
Figure 7-4 and Figure 7-5 DIP Switch Setting for Address 82 (2+16+64) show examples of setting the address
loop DIP switch to specific addresses.
A simple way of reading the address on the DIP switch is to add up all the numbers where the switches are
set to OFF. In the example below (Figure 7-4), positions 4, 8 and 16 are set to off, so the address is 28.
Figure 7-4: DIP Switch Setting for Address 28 (4+8+16)

For example to set the loop address to 82, set the DIP switch as shown in Figure 7-5 below (see NOTE
above).
Figure 7-5: DIP Switch Setting for Address 82 (2+16+64)

Section 12 shows the DIP switch settings for each of the possible 127 address settings, including the two
illegal addresses.
7.11 Closing up the detector

Before closing the front cover:
l Ensure the LED wiring loom is properly connected
l Ensure the plastic tie attaching the front cover to the enclosure is in place. If necessary, re-install it by
holding the cover, twisting the plastic tie through 90 degrees and inserting the end into the keyway
provided connector.
7.12 Pipe bonding check

Check bonding of pipes:
1. Check all plastic pipe-connecting joints are fully sealed and bonded with glue to eliminate unwanted air
leaks. If applicable, check all metal pipe joints are sealed to eliminate unwanted air leaks.
2. Check the pipe joint at the air inlet to the VESDA VLC-400 is not bonded and fits firmly into the air inlet
socket.
WARNING: The Pipes MUST NOT be glued to the detector inlet manifold.
3. Check all pipes are securely attached to a mounting surface with the proper fasteners.
4. Check the number and sizes of the sampling air holes on the pipes are correct.
5. Check the routing of the pipes is correct with reference to the site plan.
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8 Commissioning
8.1 Device Commissioning
All commissioning activity for the VESDA VLC-400 detector is performed via Xtralis VSC.
Note: Connecting Xtralis VSC causes the VESDA VLC-400 to be disconnected from the fire loop. A
Communications fault is generated and the fire panel sees the detector as being in a fault condition.
8.2 Factory default user access levels

The factory set default access levels are:
l User (USR)
l Administrator (ADM)
l Distributor (DST)
Note: Only authorized personnel at the Administrative (ADM) or Distributor (DST) level may alter these
values.
Each level requires a four-digit Personal Identification Number (PIN) to be entered before gaining access to
the detector. The user may add, alter, delete or modify user names or PIN's after gaining access to the
system. Up to 10 Users and four Administrators may be added.
8.3 Checks prior to power up

Prior to powering up the detector ensure the checks as per Chapter 7 have been performed.
8.4 Powering up sequence

When the VESDA VLC-400 is powered up, the LED's are illuminated in a specific test sequence. During the
test sequence all LED’s are operated – if any fail to operate the reasons must be investigated.
The aspirator will start several seconds after power is applied and assuming no previous commissioning, an
airflow fault will be reported within two minutes because the flow has not been “normalized”. A normalization
operation must be performed to eliminate this fault. Refer to Section 8.6 for a description of the normalization
process.
8.5 Setting smoke thresholds

The smoke threshold is set using Xtralis VSC. Refer to the Xtralis VSC user documentation for details on how
to set the smoke thresholds, or refer to Section 2.5.6 Sensitivity modes above.
Smoke thresholds can be set in one of three ways:
1. The default Fire threshold of 0.2% obs/m may be used for all standard design configurations as each hole
has a sensitivity better than 4.5% obscuration/m (and provide EN54-20:Class B sensitivity). However,
this may not achieve the optimum levels of protection possible.
2. The system can be set in AutoLearn to achieve optimum levels of protection. This learning algorithm runs
for a maximum of 14 days and monitors the background levels, setting the alarm threshold at an
appropriate level above the normal background. Refer to Section 8.6.
3. Customised thresholds can be set using a PC running Xtralis VSC.
Customised thresholds may be appropriate in particular circumstances but should be used with caution. For
example, the default alarm threshold of 0.2% may be inappropriate for a system protecting a small area (using
fewer holes than the maximum allowed) with a background level around 0.15% obscuration/m. In this situation
a Fire threshold > 0.2% obscuration/m may be appropriate. However, as a general rule, the maximum Alarm
threshold needed to ensure a given EN54-20 sensitivity Class is given by the following expression:
l Class C threshold < 6/ N % obscuration/m
l Class B threshold < 3 / N % obscuration/m
l Class A threshold < 1 / N % obscuration/m
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(where N = total number of holes; sampling holes + endcap)

Note: These rule of thumb expressions are only relevant to the Pre-engineered designs presented in this
manual. They are not relevant to pipe configurations designed by an approved VESDA agent and
verified using the ASPIRE2 pipe modelling software.
8.6 Airflow Commissioning

The VESDA VLC-400 needs to normalize the amount of air flowing through the detector. This is achieved
using the ‘Normalize Air Flow’ command from the Device menu in Xtralis VSC.
Normalizing is used to set a reference point for normal airflow through the detector. If later the airflow varies by
more than the preset values set in the ‘Airflow’ parameters (refer to Chapter 6), a ‘Flow’ fault will be generated.
8.6.1 Normalization process

To start Normalization:
1. Open the front panel of the detector and attach the RS-232 cable to the DB9 PC programming interface
socket on the termination card.
2. Start Xtralis VSC.
3. From the ‘Device’ menu, select the “Normalization” option. The Normalization screen appears (refer to
Figure 8-1).
Figure 8-1: Normalization Screen

4. When the Normalization option is selected a prompt appears Normalization telling you that it will take 11
minutes to complete. Are you sure you want to continue?” Click Yes.
5. When Normalization starts, the OK LED flashes twice every 2 seconds. Normalization takes 11 minutes
to complete. During this time the OK LED will continually blink with two flashes.
Note: A Normalizing in progress fault is active during the ‘Normalization’ process.
6. During the first 5 minutes the detector measures the normal airflow to allow for future monitoring of flow
variations from this norm.
7. For the last 5 minutes the aspirator is turned off and the residual flow, due to any pressure differences, is
measured.
8. If the residual flow is too large or if the normal flow is too small a “normalization failed” fault is reported on
the detector (FAULT LED is ON) and a fault is also reported in the events log (Fault 75).
9. It is also reported back to the FACP as a “fault”, when Xtralis VSC is not connected.
10. When normalization is completed successfully the OK LED returns to a steady ON condition.
11. Exit Xtralis VSC and remove the RS-232 connector.
12. Replace the front panel.
Note: The Fault LED remains ON while the RS232 cable is connected and Xtralis VSC is active. At the
same time the panel see the detector as being in a fault condition until the program and socket are
removed.
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8.7 AutoLearn
AutoLearn is the process of monitoring the average smoke obscuration levels in and environment in order to
set the most appropriate early warning alarm thresholds.
Caution: Before using AutoLearn it is essential that the protected area is operating under normal
conditions. For example, all building work should be completed and the air conditioning
operational.
While AutoLearn is running, the detector is fully functional, operating with the alarm thresholds as set at the
time AutoLearn started.
If a Fire condition is detected during AutoLearn then an “AutoLearn aborted” fault is reported (Fault 27). If the
AutoLearn function is aborted all modes return to their Pre AutoLearn setting
When AutoLearn is finished all 5 modes are updated with the AutoLearn result. Alternative threshold may be
configured manually once AutoLearn is complete.
8.7.1 Using AutoLearn

The AutoLearn function is started from Xtralis VSC by selecting the “Start AutoLearn Smoke” tab from the
device menu. From this form (refer to Figure 8-2) you can set the duration of Autolearn (upto a maximum of 14
days). Click <start> to begin and the VESDA VLC-400 will respond by continually blinking the OK LED with
three flashes while Autolearn is in progress.
Figure 8-2: AutoLearn Option

The Fault LED on the detector remains ON while the RS232 cable is connected and Xtralis VSC is active. At
the same time the panel sees the detector as being in a fault condition until the program and socket are
removed.
While AutoLearn is running, the detector is fully functional, operating with the alarm thresholds as set at the
time AutoLearn was started.
If a Fire condition is detected during AutoLearn then an “AutoLearn aborted” fault is reported (Fault 27). If the
AutoLearn function is aborted all modes return to their pre-AutoLearn settings.
When AutoLearn is finished all modes are updated and the OK LED is returns to a steady ON condition.
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9 Maintenance
The VESDA VLC-400 detector requires little regular maintenance as the majority of potential failures are
monitored.
There are only two serviceable items, the filter cartridge and the aspirator.
Note: The rear cover of the detector MUST NOT be removed, as this will void the warranty.
9.1 Schedule
Table 9-1 lists the maintenance schedule necessary to maintain the VESDA VLC-400 in peak working order.
Table 9-1: Maintenance Schedule
Action Frequency Details
Check power supplies Every month Test in accordance with suppliers
instructions.
Note: Where the condition of the battery
is regularly checked automatically,
less frequent manual checks may
be applicable.
Check pipe work Every 6 months Check that all pipe runs are intact, that pipe
supports and joints are firm and that the
sampling holes are free of dirt.
Check air flows Every year Check logs to verify that no airflow faults
have occurred.
Where possible use Xtralis VSC to read the
airflow readings (including the raw airflow
readings).
Any sign of drift should be investigated.
Check filter Every year Check that there are no filter faults (where
possible use Xtralis VSC to read the current
filter counts).
Change Filter Every 2 years Fit a new filter cartridge regularly depending
on the relative cleanliness of the protected
environment. For example, every 2 years in a
normal environment, up to 5 years in a clean,
air conditioned computer room or every year
or less in an area exposed to a dusty or
smoky atmosphere
Smoke test Every year Isolate the detector from the FACP. Set the
detector in Test mode and introduce smoke
into the end cap. Refer to Chapter 8 for further
information.
Compare response times with those
previously recorded and investigate any
discrepancies.
Flush sampling points Every 2 years Isolate the detector from the FACP, remove
pipe from the inlet port and connect a vacuum
cleaner. Run the cleaner for several minutes.
Clean sampling points As necessary If flushing does not clear the sampling points
then they must be physically cleared.
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9.2 Replaceable items procedure

There are only two items, the air filter cartridge and the aspirator, that may be field replaced/serviced on the
VESDA VLC-400 detector. All other items should be returned to Xtralis for maintenance.
9.2.1 Changing the air filter cartridge

A recessed filter screw in the housing retains the filter cartridge. Ensure that the screwdriver is properly
located in the screw before applying any torque to avoid damage to the cartridge.
Legend
A Filter Cartridge
B Screw
Figure 9-1: Air Filter Cartridge Location

Remove the air filter cartridge.
A switch operates when the filter is removed and the fault “Filter removed” is reported in the ‘Event log’ for that
detector and the panel. When the filter is replaced a “Filter replaced but not acknowledged” fault is reported in
the ‘Event’ log for that detector.
If a new filter has been installed, the filter life must be reset to zero. Use the ‘Reset Filter Settings’ option in
the Device menu in Xtralis VSC.
Alternatively if the same filter is refitted, the fault can be cleared. In the Device menu in Xtralis VSC, select
No to the prompt “Has a new filter been fitted?” in the ‘Reset Filter Settings’ option. The existing filter life is
continues to be monitored.
34 www.xtralis.com
9.2.2 Replacing the aspirator

Disassembly
1. Disconnect all power to the VESDA VLC-400 detector.
2. Remove the four screws (A) securing the termination card.
3. Disconnect the aspirator cable loom from the connector on the aspirator.
4. Gently pull out termination card (B) from interface card (connected behind).
5. Be careful not to dislodge any wires connected to the termination card.
6. Leave the termination card suspended by its wires.
7. Pull off the air hose (D) from aspirator pipe (E).
8. Undo three screws securing aspirator (F). Screws are captive and do not come off the aspirator.
9. Turn aspirator (G) anti-clockwise using the exhaust port as the pivot point.
10. Push aspirator upward (H) and remove.
Legend
A Screws
B Termination Card
C Interface Card Connector
D Aspirator Hose
E Aspirator Pipe
F Screws
G Aspirator
H Aspirator Removal
Figure 9-2: Aspirator Removal Process

Assembly
1. Check the new aspirator has a gasket on the inlet flange and three attached screws.
2. Wipe manifold outlet flange surface if dirty.
3. Assembly is the reverse order of the disassembly process.
4. Secure aspirator with three screws (F).
5. Connect removed air hose to pipe on aspirator. Ensure a tight fit over the pipe.
6. Insert Termination Card (B) into interface card (C).
7. Secure the termination card with four screws (A).
8. Connect aspirator cable connector to socket on aspirator.
Note: The connector is polarized and can only be inserted one way.
9. Check all wires are secured to its connectors or terminals.
10. Power ON the detector and check the aspirator is running.
11. Close up the detector.
www.xtralis.com 35
36 www.xtralis.com
10 Troubleshooting
10.1 Interrogating fault conditions
The fault status of the VESDA VLC-400 is reported in summary form to the FACP and may also be directly
interrogated use a PC running the Xtralis VSC application.
10.1.1 Faults reported to the FACP

A small number of summary faults may be reported to the FACP using the analog values in the range 0 to 7
inclusive, providing the analog smoke value is <45. Some FACP’s are able to display this value as part of their
normal device display. The fault numbers displayed this way have the following meaning.
Table 10-1: VESDA VLC-400 Fault Level and Values
Value sent to
VLC-400 Fault Fault Number(s) Priority
FACP
0 Default Configuration Values 81 7
1 Default Head Calibration 37 6
2 Normalizing 77 7
3 Not Assigned – Reserved Not used -
4 Laser Low 23 2
5 Filter Fault 4,11, 73, 76 4
6 Flow Fault 22, 51, 52, 53, 54, 74 3
7 Any Other Fault All other faults 1
These fault levels are prioritized with level 7 having the highest priority.
Note: If an alarm condition occurs then this has priority over fault reporting.
10.1.2 Faults list

A more comprehensive list of faults is available via the PC connector port using a PC running Xtralis VSC.
The table below lists the VESDA VLC-400 applicable faults by fault number, description, possible cause,
action to rectify and the fault classification (either urgent or minor).
All faults that occur are classified as either an urgent fault or a minor fault. The following table lists the urgent
and minor faults as applicable to the VESDA VLC-400 detector.
Table 10-2: VLC-400 Applicable Faults and Classification List
Fault No. Description Cause Action Fault Classification
0 Aspirator failed The aspirator has failed Check the cable. If OK, Urgent
or is not functioning contact your local Xtralis
correctly. representative for a
replacement aspirator.
2 Apollo loop VLC-400 Apollo Loop Disconnect Xtralis VSC. Urgent
communications communications have If the event is observed
problem. failed. Possibly due to in the event log whilst
problems on Apollo Xtralis VSC was not
Loop. Note that fault will connected then
be raised when Xtralis investigate why the
VSC is connected. Apollo Loop comms
may have failed.
3 Detector failure Detector Processor Contact your authorized Urgent
board has a hardware Xtralis representative for
failure a replacement detector.
www.xtralis.com 37
Table 10-2: VLC-400 Applicable Faults and Classification List (continued...)

4 Filter removed The air filter has been Replace the filter. If Urgent
removed from the problem persists check
detector filter switch.
8 Aspirator speed control Aspirator cannot run at If fault persists contact Minor
failure the required speed your authorized Xtralis
possibly due to an representative.
aspirator or speed
sensor failure.
11 Filter approaching The air filter is possibly The filter should be Minor
capacity clogged or the dust replaced and the filter
count for the filter is counter reset.
approaching the
maximum threshold.
12 Zone setup = factory The detector Run the ‘Accept Factory Urgent
defaults configuration has Defaults’ command from
reverted to the factory the Device Menu.
defaults.
If this fault continues
contact your authorized
Xtralis representative.
14 Flow sensors = factory The flow sensor Contact your authorized Minor
defaults calibration is corrupt Xtralis representative for
a replacement detector.
15 Power supply failure The source supplying Check the power supply Minor
AC power has failed. and restore. If it is not
indicating a fault check
the wiring. If the fault
persists, contact your
authorized Xtralis
representative.
22 Flow sensor failure The flow sensor has Contact your authorized Minor
failed Xtralis representative for
a replacement detector.
23 Laser signal too low The detector has Contact your authorized Urgent
detected smoke levels Xtralis representative for
cleaner than is a replacement detector.
possible/allowed.
27 AutoLearn aborted AutoLearn has been Inspect the Smoke Urgent
cancelled before the trends using Xtralis
end of the set period. VSC.
This may be due to a
Investigate and
Fire condition being
eliminate the causes
detected during the
and re-run AutoLearn,
learning period.
or set the alarm
thresholds manually.
29 Manufacturer setup The manufacturer setup Contact your authorized Urgent
corrupted on the reporting device Xtralis representative for
has not been altered a replacement detector.
from the factory defaults
or has reverted to the
factory defaults.
38 www.xtralis.com

33 User list corrupt Data in the list of users Accept the factory Minor
is corrupt defaults using Xtralis
VSC.
If the problem persists
34 Detector setup = factory Detector configuration Use Xtralis VSC to Urgent
defaults has reverted to factory “Accept the Factory
defaults. Defaults” and re-
commission the
detector.
36 Event Log Corrupt Data in the Event log is Clear the event log Minor
corrupt. using Xtralis VSC.
If the problem persists
37 Detector cal = factory The Detector calibration Contact your authorized Urgent
defaults has not been changed Xtralis representative.
from the default settings
or has reverted to the
defaults. This may be
because the data has
been detected as being
corrupt.
51 Urgent high airflow The airflow exceeds the Inspect pipe work for Urgent
Urgent High threshold. breakages or leaks and
rectify. Cracks or breaks
in the pipe work render
the system much less
sensitive to smoke in the
protected area. Perform
a ‘Normalize Airflow via
Xtralis VSC.
52 Minor high airflow The airflow has Inspect pipe work for Minor
exceeded the ‘Minor breakages or leaks and
High’ threshold. rectify. Cracks or breaks
in the pipe work render
the system much less
sensitive to smoke in the
protected area. Perform
a ‘Normalize Airflow via
Xtralis VSC.
53 Minor low airflow The airflow has dropped Inspect pipe work and Minor
below the ‘Minor Low’ sampling holes for
threshold. blockages and rectify.
Blocked pipe work
renders the system
much less sensitive to
smoke in the protected
area. Perform a
‘Normalize Airflow via
Xtralis VSC.
www.xtralis.com 39

54 Urgent low airflow The airflow in the Inspect pipe work and Urgent
detector is below the sampling holes for
‘Urgent Low’ threshold. blockages and rectify.
Blocked pipe work
renders the system
much less sensitive to
smoke in the protected
area. Re-normalize if
necessary. Perform
’Normalize Airflow’ via
Xtralis VSC.
56 Clock failed The real time clock is Contact your authorized Minor
not functioning properly. Xtralis representative to
rectify the unit.
59 Fault test A fault test is in This fault will clear when Urgent
progress. the test has finished.
Note: A fault test can
only be started using
Xtralis VSC. The fault
can be cleared by
prematurely ending the
test.
73 Filter clogging The detector is overdue Change the filter Urgent
for a filter change. immediately.
75 Normalization has failed There was an error Ensure that there are Minor
during the enough sampling holes
Normalization process. – the minimum for
Investigate whether standard configurations
there are differential is 3 holes. Ensure the
pressures between the exhaust bung is
protected area and the removed. Introduce
detector that exceed backventing if
50Pa. necessary.
76 Filter replaced but not The filter has been From the ‘Device’ menu, Urgent
acknowledged removed and replaced select the ‘Reset Filter
but not acknowledged in Settings’ command.
the software.
77 Normalizing in progress Normalization is This fault is generated Minor
currently in progress on as a reminder that the
one or more detectors detectors normalizing
on the network. the airflow. This will
clear when
normalization
completes.
80 No factory flow Flow calibration has not Contact your supplier for Minor
calibration been performed at the a replacement unit.
factory as expected.
81 Default variant Detector type, current Finish detector Urgent
configuration band, sensitivity and configuration.
delay configuration
remain at factory default
settings.
The Troubleshooting section in the Xtralis VSC online help contains a comprehensive listing of faults including
probable cause and action to be taken to rectify the fault.
40 www.xtralis.com

Vesda Vlc-400: Product Guide

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Warning: This icon is used to indicate that there is a danger of electric

Warning: This icon is used to indicate that there is a danger of inhaling

Codes and Standards Information for Air Sampling Smoke Detection

Regional regulatory requirements and notices

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2 Product Description and Functions

Figure 2-1: VESDA VLC-400

2.2 Front Panel

2.2.1 LED Functions

2.3 Main Enclosure

Figure 2-2: Main Enclosure Components

2.3.1 Termination Card

Figure 2-3: Termination Card Layout

Figure 2-4: Field Wiring Connection

2.3.2 Cable Entry Ports

2.3.3 Air inlet port with air flow sensor

2.3.5 Air Filter Cartridge

2.3.6 Air exhaust port

Figure 2-5: Air Exhaust Port

2.3.7 Laser detection chamber

2.3.8 Main processor card

2.4.2 Loop loading

2.4.3 Power supply monitoring

2.4.4 Drift compensation

2.4.6 Relay output

2.4.7 Remote LED

2.4.8 Event log

2.5 Communications with Apollo Protocol

2.5.3 Protocol Compatibility

2.5.4 Protocol BIT Usage

2.5.5 Apollo Protocol

2.5.6 Sensitivity modes

Figure 2-6: Xtralis VSC Smoke Threshold Tab

2.5.7 Digital value reporting

Figure 2-7: Delay and Obscuration Level Reporting

Figure 3-1: Dimensions (Front & Side Views)

Figure 3-2: Dimensions with Mounting Brackets (Rear View)

* Product UL listed for use from 32°F to 104°F (0°C to 38°C)

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5.1 Primary Sampling (of Air Handling Unit return grilles)

Figure 5-1: Sampling an AHU

5.2 Secondary Sampling (room or void protection)

5.3 Pre-engineered Solutions for Secondary Sampling

Figure 5-2: Pre-engineered pipework configurations

5.4 Capillary sampling

Figure 5-3: Capillary Sampling

5.5 Pipework Installation

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6 Factory Default Settings

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7.2 Mounting the detector

7.3 Removing the front cover

7.4 Remove plastic plugs for cable entry

7.5 Fastening the mounting bracket

Figure 7-2: Rear View of Detector Showing Mounting Bracket

7.6 Mounting the Detector onto the Bracket

7.7 Connecting the air sampling pipe

7.8 Connecting power and signal cabling

7.8.2 Using cable glands

7.8.3 Using conduits