NBDE Dental Anatomy T-Comp

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1. After enamel is formed the initial four Reduced 16. Contains cementoblasts, inactive Cellular
layers fuse to form what? enamel cementocytes, fibroblasts from the PDL cementum
epithelium and cementoclasts. Occurs more
frequently on the apical third of the
2. The alternating light and dark lines seen Hunter-
root. usually thickest to compensate for
in dental enamel that begin at the DEJ Scheger
attritional wear of occlusal/incisal
and end before they reach the enamel bands
surface and passive eruption of the
surface. represent areas of enamel rods
tooth.
cut in cross section dispressed between
areas of rods cut longitudinally 17. Contains no cells; usually predominates Acellular
on the coronal two-thirds of the root. cementum
3. The application of excessive heat to a All stimuli to
Thinnest at CEJ
tooth results in pain because ... the pulp
results in 18. Contains odontoblasts and lies next to Odontoblastic
pain the predentin and mature dentin. layer of the
sensation central zone of
the dental pulp
4. Areas with empty dentinal tubules Dead tracts
19. Crystalline calcium phosphate which is Hydroxyapatite
5. Area that is central to the core and fills Stellate
the largest mineral constituent (90-
the bulk of the enamel organ. Contains a Reticulum
95%) of the inorganic matter in enamel
lot of intercellular fluid which is lost just
prior to enamel deposition 20. Defects in the enamel resembling cracks Enamel
or fractures which traverse the entire Lamellae
6. Area which lies immediately lateral to Stratum
length of the crown from the surface of
the inner enamel epithelium. Layer of Intermedium
the DEJ. Contain mostly organic
cells seems to be essential to enamel
material and may provide an area for
formation.
decay to enter.
7. Around the eighth week of development Mesenchymal
21. The dental tissue that most closely Cementum
what induces the development of tooth neural crest
mimics bone is what?
buds at ten locations in the upper and cells
lower dental lamina? 22. Dentin formed during development. Primary
Forms rapidly and ends when root Dentin
8. As ameloblasts retreat in incremental Lines of
formation is complete
steps, they create an artifact in the ena,el Retzius
known as what? 23. Dentin which is seen as a result of aging Sclerotic
or advancing dental caries and calcifies Dentin
9. At the end of the cap stage the tooth germ Enamel
and obliterates dentinal tubules
is complete and consists of what? organ
blocking access of irritants to the pulp
Dental Sac
Dental 24. Deposited after completion of the tooth. Secondary
papilla Slower developingand less mineralized. dentin
Deposition not associated with stress.
10. Bone-like ridgid connective tissue. Cementum
Narrows pulp chamber and root canals
Anchors the PDL. Classified into
with age. less permeable.
Acellular and Cellular components
25. Deposited locally in response to injury. Reparative
11. The calcification of a tooth begins at DEJ
Forms rapidly (3.5 microns per day). dentin
which structure?
dentinal tubules irregular, and (Secondary,
12. The cells of which layer of the enamel Inner enamel sometimes odontoblastsare trapped reactive,
organ will differentiate into ameloblasts? epithelium producing osteodentin tertiary)
13. Cells that were differentiated into Apositional 26. differentiation occurs resulting in four Bell Stage
specific tissue-forming cells that begin to stage different cell types in the bell-shaped
deposit the specific dental tissues. enamel organ. Dental sac increases in
14. Cementum has more _____ than resistance to collagen fibers?
alveolar bone. resorption 27. Does dentin have higher tensile or Compressive
15. Communicates with PDL Apical compressive strength?
foramen
28. During the fifth week of
development, which of the
following thickens to form
the dental lamina?
29. Each enamel rod is formed
in increments by a single
enamel forming cell called..
30. Elongated odontoblastic
processes that traverse the
DEJ from the underlying
odontoblasts. may serve as
pain receptors
31. An elongated odontoblastic
process which traverses the
DEJ from the dentin into
the enamel is known as
what?
32. Even though it is brittle
what is the amount of
pressure enamel can
endure?
Why?
Oral epithelium (ectoderm)
Ameloblasts
Enamel spindles
Enamel Spindle
100,000 lbs/in (2)
layers of dentin and
periodontium form a cushion
42. imperfectly calcified matrix of dentin Interglobular
situated between the calcified globules dentin
near the periphery of the dentin
43. Innermost cellular layer of the enamel Inner
organ. Cells will become ameloblasts and Enamel
produce enamel. layer essential to dentin Epithelium
formation once enamel is produced
44. Involves process of proliferation. Starts Bud Stage
at eighth week. Dental lamina grows into
10 buds per arch. Shape of tooth becomes
evident. Formation of enamel organ
45. Involves proliferation and differentiation Cap stage
by way of morphodifferentiation and
histodifferentiation from the ninth week
to the tenth week.
46. Lines the dentinal tubules. most mighly Intratubular
mineralized dentin (peri) dentin
47. Located in the pulp canals (root portion Radicular
of the tooth) pulp
48. Located in the pulp chamber and pulp Coronal pulp
horns (crown portion of tooth)

33. Even though it resembles Haversian systems 49. mineralization begins at the DEJ and Maturation
bone what components does Blood vessels continues until total development is stage
it not have? (avascular) accomplished, taking approx. 2 years to
No nerve innervation complete

34. Extends from the pulp canal Accessory Canals 50. The most mineralized dentin is seen Peritubular
through the root dentin to where? dentin
the PDL 51. Most obvious line of retzius that marks Neonatal
35. Fan-shaped, hypocalcified Enamel tufts the division between enamel formed line
structures of enamel rods before birth and that produced after
that project from DEJ into birth. Found in deciduous teeth and
enamel proper (function cusps of permanent molars
unknown) 52. The oldest enamel or first enamel At the DEJ
36. Gives rise to the dentin and Dental Papilla deposited is located where? under the
dental pulp cusp tip

37. Hardest tissue in the body,
richest in calcium,
mineralized and acellular,
and of ectodermal origin
38. How are enamel rods
aligned to the DEJ?
39. How does cementum differ
from enamel?
40. How does the
dentinogenesis begin?
41. How is cementum formed?
Enamel 53. The organic component of dentin is collagen
primarily what?
54. The organic matrix and water in the Decreases
enamel _____ over time. (Inorganic
Traverses through the increases)
thickness of the enamel 55. Organic potion of enamel does not Amelogenins
perpendicular to the DEJ contain collagen but instead it contains... and
It has collagen and has Enamelins
cellular components 56. Outer layer of the enamel organ Outer
Odontoblasts lay down a enamel
collagen matrix moving from epithelium
DEJ inwards toward the 57. Peripheral layer of developing cementum Cementoid
pulp. Most recent is always that is uncalcified
adjacent to the pulp
58. peripheral portion of dentin adjacent to mantle
cementoblasts from the PDL enamel or cementum consisting of Korff's dentin
fibers. First layer of dentin deposited
59. The pulp proper which contains
large nerves and vessels. This
area is lined peripherally by a
specialized odontogenic area
which has 4 zones.
60. The reason that children are
more sensitive to thermal
changes than those of an adult is
that...
61. The rope like grouping of fibers in
the periphery of the pulp that
seem to have something to do
with the formation of the dentin
matrix
62. Soft tissue component of the
tooth. Connective tissue
originating from mesenchyme of
the dental papilla. formative
organ of the dentin and its source
of nutrition and maintenance
63. Specialized connective tissue
making up the bulk of the tooth
and extending almost the entire
length. Hard, elastic.
64. Stage involves the physiological
process of induction. Starts at
fifth week. reaction of oral
epithelium and mesenchyme to
form dental lamina
65. Surrounds the developing tooth
germ and will give rise to the
cementum, PDL, and alveolar
bone proper
66. Surrounds the intratubular
dentin, and is less mineralized
67. To branch into different tissues
68. To change into other shapes
69. What are minor inorganic
constituents of enamel?
70. What are some important uses
for the Reduced enamel
epithelium?
Central zone 72. What are the components
of dentin?
73. What are the four layers of
Newly erupted teeth the enamel organ?
have larger dental
pulps
74. What are the function of
Forff's Fibers the cementum?
Dental pulp
75. What are the individual
sections of the central
zone?
Dentin
76. What defines the junction
between the primary and
secondary dentin?
Initiation 77. What develops in the ninth
week to separate the gum
from the lip/cheek?
78. What does dentin have
many morphological and
Dental Sac chemical characteristics
common to?
79. What does the enamel
organ eventually give rise
Intertubular Dentin to?
80. What does the organic
Histodifferentiation matrix of protein mainly
consist of?
Morphodifferentiation
81. What do the ameloblasts
Fluoride and zinc
lose once the crown has
been completed?
Important in the
82. What do the dental sac and
formation of
dental papilla arise from?
Dentogingival
junction 83. What do the outer layer of
Forms initial cells of the dental papilla
junctional epithelium differentiate into?
70% inorganic
20% organic
10% water untraceable
minerals
1. outer enamel epithelium
2. inner enamel epithelium
3. Stratum intermedium
4. Stellate reticulum
Provides anchorage for
sharpey's fibers
Compensate loss of occlusal
tooth surface with apical
deposition
Protects root from resorption
Reparative function, allows
connective tissue
reattachment
Pulpal zone
Cell-rich zone
Cell free zone/zone of weil
Odontoblastic layer
Sharp change in the direction
and density of dentinal
tubules
Development of a vestibular
lamina
Bone although it is more
mineralized
Enamel and Hertwig's
epithelial root sheath
Protein rich in proline
Functional ability / power of
regeneration
Mesenchymal neural crest
Odontoblasts

71. What are the characteristics that Metabolism 84. What happens at the end of Tooth germ is complete and
enamel lacks? A way to fight the cap stage? the Enamel organ, the dental
bacterial invasion papilla and the dental sac are
A nerve supply present
85. What happens during the
cap stage of development?
86. What happens during the
ninth week of
development?
87. What happens in the bud
stage of development?
88. What happens to the size
of the diameter of the
enamel rods as they flare
outward from the DEJ
89. What is a good thermal
insulator?
90. What is always an
indication of partial
necrosis?
91. What is located within the
pulpal and cell-rich zones?
92. What is the breakdown of
enamel components
93. What is the composition
of the pulp?
94. What is the enamel organ
derived from?
95. What is the fundamental
morphologic unit of
enamel
96. What is the mineral phase
or inorganic component of
dentin mostly composed
of?
97. What is the nutritive
component of the pulp?
98. What is the only type of
nerve ending in the pulp?
Where are these located?
Unequal growth of epithelial 99. What is the percentage of 50% inorganic
cells grows down to form a components of cementum? (hydroxyapatite)
concavity around the 40% organic
mesenchyme, forms dental 10% water
papilla
100. what is the primary Form dentin
Tooth bud differentiates into a function of the pulp? odontoblasts
cap-shaped enamel organ What cell is responsible for
extending from the dental this?
lamina
101. What is the Protective Formation of reparative or
Dental lamina grows into the component of the Pulp? secondary dentin.
mesenchyme in the shape of a
102. What is the remaining Circumpulpal dentin
bud
primary dentin after
Increase in diameter from 4 to mantle dentin?
8 microns
103. What is the role of Aid in the development of
Amelogenins and enamel as a framework
enamelins? support and other
Enamel mechanisms
104. What is the sensory extremes in temp, pressure,
Cold relieves pain component of the pulp? and trauma are perceived as
pain
105. What is the sequence of 1. Elongation of inner
Fibroblasts events in the histogenesis enamel cells; causes
of a tooth? mesenchymal cells to
differentiate into
96% inorganic minerals
odontoblasts
1% organic materials
2. Odontoblastic
3% water
differentiation
Loose connective tissue 3. Deposition of first layer of
Blood vessels, lymph vessels, Dentin
nerves 4. Deposition of first layer of
Cells enamel
Ground substance
106. What is the small layer that Globular Dentin
Undifferentiated
is sandwhiched between
mesenchymal cells (replaces
mantle and circumpulpal
injured odontoblasts)
dentin?
Oral epithelium (ectoderm)
107. What kind of membrane Selectively Permeable
does enamel have which Membrane
Enamel rod or prism allows water and certain
ions to pass?
108. What resides in the Cell- capillary and nerve plexus
Calcium hydroxyapatite free zone/
109. What type of nerve fibers Myelinated - sensory
are within the pulp? Unmyelinated - motor
These are afferent and
Keeps organic components of sympathetic
surrounding mineralized
110. When dead tracts become Blind Tracts
tissue supplied with moisture
completely filled with
free nerve ending mineral they are known as
plexus of Raschkow ...
111. When does the dental pulp As root formation is
begin to get smaller? completed
112. When is the morphology of the DEJ determined? Bell stage

113. When mesenchymal cells encircle the enamel organ what is formed? Dental sac

114. When the lines of retzius terminate at the tooth surface they create tiny valleys on the tooth Perikymata
surface that travel circumferentially around the crown known as what?
115. Where are enamel rods directed and how many of them exist in a given crown? Extends from DEJ to outer
surface of the crown
5 to 12 million rods in a
crown
116. Where is the oldest enamel located? At the DEJ underlying a
cusp
117. Why is pulp capping more successful in younger teeth? Large Apical foramen
Contains more cells
Very vascular
Fewer fibrous elements
More tissue fluid