SSopHMK paflOBa BnsaHTOJioiuKor MHCTMTyTa, X X X I I , 1993.

Recueig des travaux de rinstitut d'etudes byzantines, X X X l l , 1993

y ^ K 949.7(093(=773)(=862)"11/14"

CHMA •RHPKOBH'a

H A P O a KA^H-RA JOBAHA K H H A M A *

y HayHHOJ j i n r e p a T y p M j e offla»HO s a n a a c e n a u KopmraiieHa n p u n a

BKsaHTHjcKor M'cTopMHapa JoB:aHa K u H a M a o p a T O B a i t y i^apcKor po^aiKa
M HaiMecHMKa lonaiHa flyiKe, TOKOM K o r a j e IOTHMHMO flajiMaujwjy s a y s e B n i M
T p o r a p , IIIwSeHMK, CIUIMT, KJIMC, CKPEWMH M' OcrpoBmsy, K a ^ a My c e
npeflajio j o i n 57 rpaflOBa „ y flajiMaTcicoj seMjBin" M K a a a j e nofl i t e r o B y
BjiacT flomao M „Hapoff KarawJia" (TO KaT^wicov eS-vo?).'
T o MecTO HMje Morao MMMOMfen HMjeflan nperjieff Mcropuje X p e a T O K e
M flajiMauMje y X I I s e K y , j e p j e pen o Hora^ajiWMa B e j i n K o r S H a n a j a .
M a a - e c y c e MCTpaHCWBa'HM SasMJui noMenoM K a H s i l i a . DjiHTMpajiM c y r a
BMUie K a o KypMOSMTer, Hero K a o osdinjfaaH MaiBop HMje MHcJjopMaTJiBHe
noTeHuiMJaJie T p e S a irpemosHaTM, pasyMerM M MCIKOPMCTMTM. XloflaraK
s a c j i y j K y j e n o c e S n y n a a c & y CM a S o r T o r a m r o c y luieMeHa M3 p a H e x p -
BaTCKe MCTopMJe 6MJia M o c r a j i a TpnosMT M s a i u i e T e H npoBjieM, M i n r o c y ,
c flpyre c r p a n e , iisBopM o K a n n h i i M a MajioSpoJHii, (^pameHxapHM,
OTDopeHM 3 a p a 3 j n « i i T e MHTepnperatpije, n a c y n o c j i y a a u m 3 a cJjopMy-
jiMcaH>e cxBaTaH>a K o j a c e He flajy JiaKO yoKJiafliirrM. J e c y JIM KaHMhM
6MJIM 6poJHO ouieMe, pac!npocrpaiH>eHO n a jeflHOM A e j i y c r a p e x p e a T C K e
TepKTopMJe c a MSflaHupcvia M orpaHipiMa n s B a H MaxuHHe oSjiactM, KaKO
ce yanMajio y c r a p i i j o j jiMTepaTypn, mm c y KannJiM p a s i p a H a r a M y r o -
i^aJHa nopoflima, flMHacmja K O j a c e n e K O apeMe HaMe-rHyjia BCIIMM MJIM
MaifcMM flejioBMMa HeKaflaimfce HepCTJBaHCKe KnesKeoMHe, KaKO H a c j e y
HOBMje BpeMe y s e p a s a j i a H a w a KjiaMii?^

* Pafl je y MSBOfly npoHMiaH Ha IIpBoj jyrocjioBaHCKOj KOH^JepeHUHjH BKsaH-

Tojiora, oflpjKaHOJ y Saflpy 19—21. OKTo6pa 1990. roflUHe. IIocBehyjeM r a OHOMe
Me^y BMsaHTOJiosMMa KOJM je wsysemo sacjiyxan 3a npoynaBaibe ;i;ajiMai(Mje, npocj).
flp, Jaflpany «I>epjiyrn, KOJierw M npMjaxejby.
1 loannis Cinnami epitome rerum ab loanne et Alexio Comnenis gestaram,
ed. A . Meineke, Bonnae 1836, 248 (naflajbe: Cinn.); BnaaHTHJCKii iiSBopH s a MCTO-
PMjy Hapofla JyrocjiaBMJe I V , Beorpafl 1971, 88 (naflajbe: B u s . JI3B. I V ) ; Jean
Kinnamos, Chronique traduit par J . Rosenblum, 1972; Deeds of John and Manuel
Comnenus by John Kinnamos, translated by Ch. M. Brand, Records of Civilisation
Sources and Studies X C V , New York 1976, 187.
2 iV. Klaid, Povijest Hrvata u razvijenom srednjem vijeku, Zagreb 1976,
491: „(...) o5je Hacrn, H KHexeBCKy H acynaHCKy, flpxe Kanuhu KOJM MMajy
20
CMME TlMpKOBMh
M a p i n n T O cnoMmfcaibe KaHiwha, HJMXOBO n s f l e a j a i b e M CTaajbaite
Hanopeflo c a rjiaBHUM flajiMaTMHOEWM rpaflOBiMMa M MHoro6poJHiiM r p a -
flOBMMa MarjioBMTe KwHaMOBe „flajiMaTCKe semihe", a j o m Buuie y n o -
Tpe6jbeHa TepMMHOJiomjaCe&vo;), roBopnjiiM 6ii y np-Mjior TOMe fla c y K a -
HMfejn ISMJIM BaacaH mmwiau, y IIOJIIITIIU;M KMHaMOBor BpeMeHa, a TO E n
nocpeflHO OBOflOTOJio o SpoJHOM M m n p o K O pacnpoiCTpa&eHOM njieMeny.
AJIM, n p e HO HITO 6MOMO KiciaiMOBo MSJiara&e cyo^mnM c a flpyriiM M3Bop-
HMM noflauMMa o KaHMhfMMa M n a T a j naHMH r a KPMTMHKM npoBepaBauM,
norpeSHO j e fla ynosHaivio CBer KnHaMOBMX npeflCTaBa o Hapoflinvia M
HJieMeHMMa, fla orKpiijeMO n a KOJM j e eaHMH y o n a s a o M osHaHaBao r p y n e ,
ffa HacTojMMo T a ™ o pasyjvieTM TepMMHOjiorMjy KOJOM c e 'CJiyjKMO. M3 r o r a
6M MorjiM ffa y c j i e ^ e saKjtyHniM o TOMC KOJIMKO r a OQ5MJBHO oiioaceMO
cxBaTMTM, a u p e CBera fla JIM r a CMeMO xsaTarrM 3 a p e n „eTOOc"?
K a o M y MHoro n e M y a p y r o M , KMHSM j e M y reoipac^Mjn, eTHorpac|3MJM
M TepMMHOJiorMJM HBpcTO yKopeH>eH y BMsaHTMJCKOM jiMTepapeoM Hacjie^^y,
ajiM My TO He 'CMera fla noBpeMeno S y a e MHflMBM;n;yaji!aH M cBOjerjiao.
PMTaM HseroBor npuHaifca j e HejeflHaK M TO r a rapMCMjiasa n a jesMHKa M
CTMJicKa npMJiaro^aBaHia. nopiem caaceTO' MSJiosceiHMx MecTa, ou;pTaHMx
KpyniHMM noTesMMa M omiirrMM Mspaswuvia, OH MMa M flejioee T e K c r a , n a p o -
MMTo TaMO rfle npaTM MHoro6pojHa i^apecsa paToeaifca, y KOJMMB s a n a a a y
p e n o p T e p c K y noflpoSnocT, n a s S o r Tora n e Mosce OCTETM B e p a n peTopMH-
KMM MffeajiMMa BMCOKOT cTMJia M MsSeraBaTM Haso^eHDe MMena, y n o T p e S y
TexHM^KMx TepMMHa, p e ^ a a a KOHKperHMx OKOJIHOCTM, j e p 6M My Ka3M-
Baibe noCTajio HepasyMjBMBO. ' „xyiHCKOj cTpaHM", iirro snanM a a Cp6MMa npMrcMcyje caMO repMTopMJe
K a K O j e cnojBHa nojiMTMKa BMsaHTMjCKor n;apcTBa y speMe K M H a -
MOBMx j y n a K a , JoBaraa I I M M a n o j j i a I , 6MJia BeoMa aKTMBHa, CMJIOM
npMJiMKa y KMraaiMOBo BMfljHO n o j t e y n u i e c y MHore seMjBe M napoflM,
K o j e He o s H a n a B a y e e K socjieflHO, xaKO fla y H»erQBOj reorpacJjMJM M
eTHorpacJjMJM Bjiawa npMiUMHiHo uiapeeMjio. H a jeaHoj crpanM OH c e cjiyacM
TpaflMLpiOHajI'HMM MMeHMMa OOSHaTMiM MS JIMTepaType, MMeiHMMa K o j a
noTMHy M3 KacHor PMMCKor n,apcTBa, ajiM My o n a H u c y flOBOJBHa, n a Mopa
iiocesaTM, H a flpyroj crpaiHM, s a HasMBiraa MS HjeMy caiBpeMenor c s e T a .
OH h e M caM noneKafl ynosopMTM H a pasjiMHMTe c j i o j e s e y TepMMeojiorMJM
KojoM ce cjiy:scM. TaiKo h e y^MHMTM noflcehajyhM aa canesHM^Ky B O j c K y
„ofl KOH>aeMKa JiMrypa, K o j e K o a n a c JbyflM HasMBajy JIaM6ap5aHMMa"
MJIM K a f l a cnoMeHe BMTOJB K a o „MM3MjiCKy X e p a K J i e j y , K o j y POMCJM c a ^ a ,
noBo«ehM c e s a HeKMM.Ha^iMHOM MspaHcaBaiba, raasMBajy HejiaroHMjoM".
P,BOcvpyKa TepMMHOJiorMja sajeflHMHKa j e KwHaiviy c a M H o r m i flpyracM
HMCIpIMa, H e CaiMO BM-SaHTMJCKMM HerO M JiaTMHOKMM XyMaHMCTMMa, a
HeoflOJbMBO iiomceha M H a p e H e c a e c H a MSflaifca HTOjioMejeBMx K a p a x a , n a
KojiMMa j e a H T M w a noHJiora y n o m y i f c a B a H a caepeiMeHMM ejieMeHTMMa.
KwHaM j e M c r p a j a H HO MOHoroHMje caMo y osHaHaBaifcy i^apcKMX
noflaHMKa MMenoM P o M e j a . B w i n e flocjreflHOCTM' ^MMa Kon p e r K o CHOMM-
H.aHMx M ymajbeHMX seMajBa M raapofla Hero KOfl OHMX 6JIMOKIMX O KOJMMa
roBopM H a MHOTHM crpaHMrtajvra iCBora inejia. MMeHOM IlepcMjaHai^a c y
K o a H»era osHaHeHM T y p q M , MMSHOM A j i a w a n a HcMipt, AOK c y TepMaHM,
Majio MSHenal^yjyhe, * p a H ^ y 3 M . CKMTM c y neneHesM,, a TaspocKMrM M
rjiasHo cjeflMuiTe y OMMUiy, THKO fla ce y eehKHM wseopa s e h y X I I cr. nojMOBM
Kanuhu M OMumanu noMCTOBjehyjy Kao CMHOHMM 3a Bjia^ape HeperBancKe
jKesHHe."
Hapofl KaiMha JoBana KwHaMa 21
TaBpocKMTMJa o s H a H a B a j y XajiMH ( r a j i M i p r j y ) , ajiM M P y c e M PycMJy
yomnrre. MxajiM c y HajaMHMLtM y u;apeBOJ cjiym6M, MOJKfla MfleHTMHHW c a
o e h onoMeHyTMM JIwrypMMa offHocHo JIoM;5ap^aiHMMa, flOK c y BeneTM
BeneuiMJaiHipi.^ K a o n r r o c e BMAM, n a KMHaMosy ernorpa^^'OKy TepMMHO-
jiorMJy yTMHy M aHTMHKa imieHa s e M a j t a M npoBMHipija, KOja c e n p e n o c e
M H a H>eiMy cyBpeMene CTaHOBHMKe. T o BascM M 3 a n o j a c y HenocpeflHOM
cyceflCTBy H a p c T B a . B e h j e cnoMenyTO fla j e EMTOIB X e p a K j i e j a MMSMJCKE,
H m n j e M e r p o n o j i a flaKMJe, a CapfliMKa Merporaojia MjiMpa*
neoHMJa, IlaHOHMJa M flajiMaqMJa yTMii;ajie c y HE KiMHaMOB Ha^MH
o5ejieHcaBaHja Y r a p a M O p 6 a . IBeflviy caopeMeHM Y r p w c y WHane XyHM,
xyHCHM Hapofl, seMJBa j e xyHocKa, a BJiaflap KpajB X y n a , ajiM Hanopeao
c TMM OHM c y M HeoHUM, neoHCKM H a p o a , a Bjiaflap MM j e neoecKM K.paji>.
HasMBM MS jeflHor M a p y r o r HMsa ynoTpie6jBaBajy-*ce n o n e K a a y MCTOM
n a c y c y . MMa c j i y n a j e s a fla c e y MCTOJ mpMnoBemHoj mejinHW ooHHe c j e f l -
HMM HasMBOM, 3 HacTaBM flpyTMM, K a o y enMsofflM o 6oraTOj XCCHM, KOja j e
6MJia „ y seMJbM X y n a " „poaoiM J l a T M H K a " , l o j j a j e o6aBecTMjia ij;apa o
n5>eacT0jeheM n a n a a y „KpajBa r i e o H a n i a " . Y j e f l a a M a x h e y r p w s a KM-
BaiMa <6MTM M „naHOHCKM H a p o a " , ajiM HMKaffl n e h e ynoTpe6MTM MMS Y r a p a
MJIM T y p a K a iCaKO c y HMHMJIM flpyrM BMsaHTMJCKM HMCI^M.^
J o i n KoitaijiMKOBaHMJM j e cpnoKM icjiynaj, rfle c e T a K o ^ e j a B j B a j y
HasiMBM M:3 flsa pasjiwHMTa xpiOHOJioiuKa c j i o j a . HjeroBioM c s e r y npMnaflajy
Cp5M, Hapofl C p 6 a , seMjBa C p 6 a , Cp6MJa, irpw H e n y T p e 6 a MMaTM y BMfly
fla c y seMjfce y sflOH>MTOK C a s e M y s flynaB „poMejcKa C T p a n a " H a c y n p o r
n o a B J i a m h y opooKMX B j i a a a p a . AJIM y KMHaiMOBOM M S J i a r a a y MMe C p 6 a
ce y K p u i T a c a wMenoM flajiiMara, KOJe noTMHe o a flajiMauMje, K O j y KMnaM
y n o T p e d j B a s a M y s p j i o iiiMpokoM cMMcjiy, imipeM n a K o a pMMCKe n p o -
BMHUiMje, M y y m e M cMiMCJiy, 6i[MaceM peajiHOCTM BMsaHTMJcKor BpeMena.
y n a c y c y o a K o r a CMO noranM y MameM M s a a r a a y , Jl,awianjiiy HMHB
T p o n r p , CnjiMT, IIlM6eHMK, CKpaffMH, O!CTp0BMn,a, COJIMH, a j i n n a jeflHOM
a p y r o M MecTy j e M P a c y flajiManjMJM, a n a i p e h e M j e cpncKM BCJIMKM
a c y n a n „apxM2cynaH flajiMaujMje"!® O T y a a c y M Op6M aaJiMarcKM Hapoa
MJIM j o i n Heuihe flajiMaTM, Maaa M y n p e a c r a B a M a KwHaMa H a c T a i i y j y
caMO a e o flajiMaL^MJe. y B e h -cnoMeiHyroM n a c y c y J o s a n flj^a j e „npo-
inaBiiiM K p o s seMjby C p 6 a " y n i a o y J^ajiMauMJy, noTHMHMO r p a a o e e M
„Hapoa K a H M h a " . •
TepMMHOJiorMja a p y r a i ^ e H M X r p y n a j e Mnane K o a KMHaMa jrarmrreHa
M y H*oj n p e o B J i a ^ y j e oaasMB „eTHOc" (^O-vo?). P e n „4)MJie" KOja
s O KMHSMy y n . B u s . M3B. I V , 1—5 ( J . KaJiMh), o eTHUHKOj TepMMHOJiorMJM
pacnpaBJba ^peBOflMJIa^ na earjiecKW (7—8). Cinn. 10 (Jl0M5apftaHM); 127 (IleJia-
roHMJa); 13, 21, 38, 40, 46, 49—50, 66, 195, 197—198 (nepcMJanqw); 101, 212, 218,
288 (AJiaMaHM); 199, 218, 236 (CKMTM, TaBppCKMXM); 10, 199, 228, 230 (MrajiM, JIw-
rypM), 228, 230—231 (BeHSexM).
' « Cinn. 69, 127, 240.
5 Gy. Moravcsik, Byzantino-turcica I , BepjiMH 1958*, 324—328; BM3. M3B. I V ,
b, 10, 12, 17, 22, 27—28, 30, 45-46, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 58, 62, 65, 66, 67,
69, 72, 73, 74, 75, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 94,
95, 96, 99, 101, 105.
« Cinn. 12, 101, 102, 103—113, 130—134, 149, 203—204, 212—213, 236, 238—249,
KHB- 272—274, 286—287, 299; BM3. M3B. I V , 14, 23, 26, 28—.29, 31—33, 38—39, 51, 55—56,
61, 77, 86—89, 98, 102, 104, 105.
 22 CMMa TlMpKOBMh
6M omroBapajia TepMnny ..oijieMe" KwHaM y n o r p e S j B a B a MOKjbyHMBO y
OflHocy H a ^ e p c M j a H ^ e , OflHOCHO T y p n e C e J I ^ y K e y n a m o j HOMeHKjia-
Typw. y peajiHOCTM maxcfBe flpymrBeHe lOpraHMsai^iije s a n a s K a o j e jeflM-
HMi^e M3H>er oSnMa, cacraBHM ineo „eTHoca", Mafla j e tpuXapj^o? M c y j i T a n
M TypiCKM ji'OKajiHM BJiacTOflpmau;. H a jefleoM M e c r y caMO OMO HannuiM n a
repMMH „reHoc" (ysvo?) M TO y BesM c a JlexwMa. JIfliK. c y H e c n osHaneHH
K a o „eTHOc", y s noMen J l e x a a a r o j e o6jaiinieotfae Sxixwov ysvo? m r o HMJe
y CKJiafly c a H,eroBOM y c r a j B e a o M repMMHOJionijoM. CKMTH c y , HauMe, KO.H
H>era HeHeHesM, a H a cooMeHyroM M e c r y Kaace M a a c y 'cyceam X y m i M a
(yipMMa) H a sanaay.'^
y C B e r y KnHaMOBnx n p e a c r a B a Moase ice yoHm-M OHO m r o OH CMarpa
s a 6MTHD y MHaMBMayajiM30BaH.y M M s a s a j a a y npjeaMHiix r p y n a . OH MMa
n o r p e S y a a XajiMCMJe MsaBOJM Me^y X y e M M a (yrpiMMa) s S o r r o r a m r o c y
6MJIM a p y r e Bepe, j e a n o M h e pehiM MojcMJese, a a p y r n n y r B e p e K o j a j e
Mcra K a o M K o a HepcMJaHaita, aaKJie, MCjiaMOKe M y x a M e a o B e . OH h e s a
jeaHor_ BoJHor sanoBeaHMKa q a p a M a n o j j i a npMMerMTM a a j e „ n o p o a y
HepcMjaHai;, ajiM c a poMejcKMM s a c n M r a i t e M M o5pa30BaH>eM".s BeoMa j e
saHMMJBMBO M sanaHcaH,e o s e M j b a i p M a M moaaHMrpmia S o c a n c K o r Qama
BopMHa. BocaracKM B j i a a a p j e s a KMHaMa „er3apx aaJiMarcKe seMJbe
B o c H e " . H a a p y r o M M e c r y , 'Cino(MMH.yhM BooHy y BesM c a ^apeBMM p a r o -
B a a e M 1150. roaMHe, KwHaM h e cnoMeHyrM p e K y „ito MMeny /IpMHa KOJa
MSBMpe H e r a e o a o s r o M o a B a j a B o c n y OR o c r a j i e C p S M j e " , ajiM h e oaMax
a o a a r M M TO a a „BocHa HMje noTHMH>eHa apxMxcynaHy C p B a Hero napofl
(6aiu e'^vo?) y HJOJ MMa n o c e S a n HaHMH JKMBora M ynpaBjfa&H>a".3 O B y
KMHaMOBy cKjioHocr a a saoiaaca 'MHaMBMayajiHOcr r p y n a oMeljeHMx pasjiM-
HMTMM s p c r a M a rpalHM^a (eepoKMx, K y j i r y p n M x , DDJIMTMHRMX) r p e S a MMETM
y BMay K a a a c e ryMaHW M e c r o o „Hapoay K a H M h a " . M s r o r a n r r o j e
ynorpeSMO repMMH ^S-vo? M m r o j e r a E O repMMHOJioniKM K a n M h e craBMO
Ha paBHy H o r y c a X y e M M a (yipMMa), CpBMMa, HecMMa, CaKCOHU]MMa MTa.
He cjieaM a a MM npMnMicyje napoHMry 5poJHocr M p a c n p o c r p a f t e H o c r ,
Maaa MX OMemra y p e a BejiM^iHHa BMHEM o a najoMCJiMJMx n p e a c r a B a o
crapMM xpoaTOKMM HJieMeHMMa, MS r o r a cjieaM caMO a a MX j e yoHMO Kao
n o c e S n y rpj^ny K o j a c e HeHMM M s a s a j a o a OBoje OKOJiMHe.
Ms OHora m r o CMO c a s e a j i M anajiMSMpajyhM c s e r KiUHaMOBMX n p e a -
c r a B a npoMSMuuio Ga a a c e iberoBa nepi^ermMja MHaiMBMayajiHocrn K a -
HMha Mopajia reMejB.MTM H a s a n a H c a i t y BepcEMx MJIM Kyjiry-peMx pasjiMKa
y o a g o c y e a icser KOJM MX j e OKpyacaBao MJIM e a s a n a H c a a y nojiMrMHKe
caMOcrajiHOCTM, cnoco5HbcTM a a H a c r y n a j y Kao HOJIMTM^KM HMHMJiaq c a
KOJMM c e Mopajio panyHaTM y TaaauiifcMM Me^JTiapoaeMM oanocMMa.
C a H y B a H a MSBopna r p a ^ a MS X I I M X I I I B e K a y n p a B o naM r o n o r n p l b y j e . ' "
T a r p a ^ a O M o r y h a s a r a K O ^ e a a OTKJIOHIMMO eBea-ryajiHO M3aBajaH>e n a
ocHOBy BepoKMx pasjiMKa, j e p c y Ra^MhM xpMmhaew, KaTOJiMn;M, a cyxoSM
s 6 o r ySMCTBa Haai5MCKyna PaJHepMJa, sarMM ofrryxcBe s 5 o r rycapoKMX
' Cinn. 84.
' Cinn. 30, 167, 238; BH3. M3B. I V , 31, 78, 86.
» Cinn. 103; BM3. M3B. I V , 27—28.
i» McTopnJM KaHMha nojioacMO je TeMejte V. Klaic, Hrvatska plemena od
X I I . do X V I . stoljeca, Rad J A Z U 130 (1897) 19—34, rfle j e flara M sBupKa perecTa
H3Bopa o KaiHhMMa ofl 1102. flo 1500. ca BejiMKOM jiaKyHOM M3Me5y 1274. u 1452,
Koja ce yHeKOJiMKO MOJKC flonynjiTM.
Hapofl KaHHha JoBana KMHama 23
H a n a a a n a x p i m i h a n e M n o a p s K a B a E t a j e i p e r n K a n p i m a a a j y KacHMJeM
BpeMeey (1180, 1 2 2 0 — 1 2 2 6 ) , r e HMcy MOTJIM yrra^arM e a KMHaMa.
CyaehiM n o oHysaHoj r p a ] ^ KaHMhM ce Mory nparMTM K a o nojiMTMHKa
(JjopMaLtwja npMQjiMJKHO j e a n o c r o j i e h e , ajiM c e nocjie r o r a j o m neKOJiMKO
c r o j i e h a Mory nparMTM K a o apyuiTBieHa r p y n a c B e c e a c s o r a oco6eHor
n o j i o a c a j a M noHOCHa n a CBOje a y r e M s e o M a c r a p e rpaaMUMJe. O S p a s o -
BaHM MsaaHUM KaHSMha y X V I I I B C K y roBopMhe o cBOjoj sajeaHMu?! Kao
njieMKfiy K a ^ M h a , HMja c y nojeaMHa 6paTCTBa r a a a j o m 6MJia Hcnea.
MsRaHaK j e a H o r a o a H>MX j e 6MO M K^pa A n a p M j a Ka-Huh MMOnnih, necHMK
M npocBerMrejB. O s a T p a j e o c r K a n w h a , BMmeeeKOBHO n o c r o j a a e Mcre
r p y n e n a MCTOM n p o c r o p y , MMa p a s j i o r a a a npMByHe na3CH.y MCTopMnapa
saMHTepecoBaKMx s a ereMHiKe m. y o n i n r e a p y n r r B B H e o o j a a e . T a K B a j e f l n a
M s y s e m a 3ajeaHMXi;a Mopajia j e MMETM M c n o c o f e o c r npMjiairo5aBaH.a
C B e r y KOJM c e HenpeKMarao MeH>ao M H e m r o iirro j e y n p K o c CBMM TMM
npeo6paacaJMMa M Menawa H y s a j i o MaeHTMrer.
H e MoaceMO OBae MSHOCM I TM xpoHMKy CBMX OHIIX s f i M B a a a y KOJMMa
ce KaHMhM j a B J b a j y . H e r a K O a a s H O nojiMTM^Ka aKTMBHOcr K a ^ M h a E p M -
TMHKM j e n p M K a s a n a Kao n a c r a B a K H e p e r j B a H C K e KHexceBMHe y ..HOBM-
jecTM X p s a r a " ' H a a e K j i a w h . " MM heMO o B p a n r m n a a c a y npBeHCTBeHO
OHMM e j i e M e n W i a KOJM Mory nocjiyiKMTM K o a BepM(|)MKai]3ije M T y M a n e i b a
KMHaiMa M KOJM Mory noMohM a a Msa^^eMO MS ai^JieMe: 6poJHO, j a K o naeMe
MJIM Majio6pojHa ajiM Mohna ^opoaM^a. y n p s o M p e ^ y TO c y MHc^opManwje
o pacnpocrpaaeHOCTM, o npMpoaM B e s a KOje K a ^ M h e a p a c e n a O K y n y , o
y e y r p a u i i b o j apTMKyjiau!MJM M c r p y K r y p M , o seMJBMmry KOJe apaoe M
cyceaMMa c KojMMa c y MSMemaeM.
HoJiMTMHiKa caMocraneocT^M MHauBMayaJiHOcr K a n M h a e a j n o r n y e M j e
aojiasM a o Mspasa y yrooopMMa, KOJM icy, KaKO j e TO y X I I ©eKy 6Mao
yoBMHajeHO, c K n a n a e M y s i ^ y ysajaavniMX s a K J i e r a s a . IIpoM T a K a s yroBop
j e MS 1167. roaMHe, oKJionjBeH j e y S p s o n o m r o j e J o B a e flyKa „Hapoa
K a H M h a " HOTHMHMO BMsanrMJCKOM i^apy. T y c e N i c o l a k e n e s i u s A l e m u s i i
u n a c u m m e i s c o n s a n g u i n e i s et c u m o m n i b u s q u i s u b m e o d o m i n i o s u n t
o6aBe3ao H a MMp M epMjarejBCTBO c a KoTopaHMMa, a s a K J i e r s a H>eroBa
c a a p x c a j i a j e M o S e h a a e a a e a onioresy m M o j i y H T a a o T p a m r a n e h e
yseeMMpaBarM 6 p o a KOJM 6M wiiiiao y K o r o p . MMe K a n M h a y OBOM a o ^ y -
M e n r y eMJe ynoTpe6jbeHO, ajiM y r o B o p c a ^ySpoBepocoM caHMaeH 1190.
p a a w M!CTe CBpxe M c a npM6jiM3ifcHo MCTOM c a a p a c m i o M cKJionibeH j e y
MMe K a n i d i a : E g o Bre(n)1ii u n a c u m p a r e n t i b u s m e i s facio b a n c r e c o r d a -
t i o n e m c o n f i r m a n d o p a c e m n o s C a z i c h i c u m R a g u s e i s . y OBOM y r o o o p y
H a s e a e H j e n o r e s o6aJie o « M o j i y n r a a o BpanHMKa, KOJM j e s a fly6poB-
^ a e e 6MO BajKHMJM, a e o p e a a c y e a e a y n M c a e a c y M MMeea neKMx a p y r n x
Ka^a.12
KaoHMJM yroBopfM, K a o onaj c a B e e e q u j o M 1208, cKJionjfceHM c y y
MMe O M m n a M H e noMMH>y K a ^ M h e , ajiM c e s a x s a j B y j y h M ynMoaeMM
iJiMeHMMa y c n o c r a s j b a s e s a c a panMje IM KacHMje cnoMeHyrMM KaHMhMMa.
M yroBopM MS n p s e nojioBMHe X I H B C K a c a flySpoB-^aHUMa 1238, c a
" JV. Klaid, Povijest Hrvata u razvijenom srednjem vijeku, Zaigreb 1976
478—500. .
12 V . Klaic, Has. flejio, 28—29; T. Smiclklas, Diplomaticki zbornik kraljevme
Hrvatske, Dalmacije i Slavonije I I , 116, 241.
 24 CMMa UMpKOBMh
CiuiMhaHMMa 1239, n o H o s o c a JlyiSpOBHaiHiMMa 1245. cKjianaHM c y y mne
K H e s a OMMina, ajim y s HarjiainaBaHie p o ^ a K a M onuiTMHe — p a r e n t e l l e
et totius c o m m u n i t a t i s A l m i s i i . I I o c j i e a H M y m t s y SMnjioMaTCKHx a K a r a ,
OHaj K H e s a Tbype, s e r a c p n c K o r K p a j B a C T e c ^ a n a B j i a f l n c j i a s a , He MMenyje
MspuHMTo HM OMMHI 'HM K a ' ^ n J i e , (onoMMH>e caMO „Haui rp'afl", a MS KOH-
T e K c r a c e n p e n o s H a j e a a j e pen o OMMiny.^'
y cjiyacSeHMM aoKyMeHTMMa HacrajiMM y cpeaMHM caMMx K a ^ M h a
Ha npBOM M e c r y c e naBOflM r p a a OMMHI, sarMM iKHes M i t e r o B a poaSMHa,
a OHaa r e K OmuTMHa. MeJ^yrMM, y MSBopMMa nacrajiMM y TO BpeMe n a
flpyiMM crpaHaMa H a j n e i i d i e c e roBopM o Ka-HMiiMMa. IIpM roMe ce n o
caapHcajy a o K y M e n r a , n o 6JIMJKMIM OKOjiHOcrMMa, a H e K a a M n o MMeeMMa
npeoiosHaje a a j e p e ^ o MCTMM jByaMMa KOJM c y - o s n a n e H M K a o OovBMmaHM.
OnpaBaaHO j e o r y a 6MJIO IUTO c y M y crapMJoj M y HOBMJOJ jiMrepaTypM
M j e a n e M a p y r e BCCTM ynoTpeSjBiaeaHe r a K O K a o a a ce o a n o c e n a KaHiwhe.
flo r o r a ce HeMWHOBHo aoJiasM K a a c e c a c T a e e y j e a n o naa a e J i a Mssopne
eBMaeHiJtMje c a n e j e a n a K O M TepMMHOJiorMjOM. T o , n n a K , He r p e S a a a n a c
HBBeae a a saneMapMMo M npesMaMMo o n e Mseope y KOJMMa c e KaHMhM M
OMMtmaHM HaBoae oaBOjeHO ajiM H a n o p e a o K a o a s e pasjiMHMTe sajeaHMi^e.
KneaceBM OMMuia MS X I I I o e K a H e c y m i i J i B o c y n o r i m a j i M MS cpeaMHe
KaHMha, aJiM MS r o r a He cjieaM a a c y CBM cTaHOBHMujM K O M j ^ e 6MJIM
KaHMhM.
y nMCMy n a n e XoHOpMJa I I I MS 1226. iHaBeaeHM icy C a c e c l i A l m e s i a n i
p i r a t e , a o K ce y y r o o o p y Benei^MJe M flySpoBHMKa MS 123^. y c K J i a ^ y j e
o a S p a n a o a r y c a p a H a r a j Ha^sMH m r o c e flygpoBHaHMMa HaMehe o B a s e s a
a a Hehe npxMMaTM C a c i c h i o s n e q u e D a l m e s i a n o s , a a a h e a a r M 6 p o a M
50 npMcroJHO HaopyxcaHMX JsyaM 3HO B e n e u M J a K p e n e c o n t r a C a c i c h i o s
et D a l m e s i a n o s . y BesM c TMM repMMHOJiomKMM ayaJiMSMOM nojeaMHMx
MSBopa a o S i i j a n a rencMHiM j e a a o paHMje namcKo EMCMO (1221) y KOMB c e
HajiasM ixpeKop m r o q u i d a m S c l a v i et D a l m a t i n i , MaKo Hoce xpMmhaHCKO
MMe MnsK H a n a a a j y E p c r a u i e . ^ * O n p a B a a n o c e 36or r o r a n o c r a B j b a nMraifae
.'He K'pMJy JIM oe Mcnoa o m i m u x o s n a K a S c l a v i et D a l m a t i n i KaHMhM M
OMMmaHM, jefflHM K a o njieMe c a r e TepwropMje, a p y r M K a o r p a a c K M n o -
TOMUM P o M a n a .
Ka'TOhiM X I I — X I I I B e K a SMJIM c y s e m T M noMopuji, KonrpojiMcajiM c y
Boae J a a p a n a npMjiMHHo y a a j B e n e o a OMMma, n a j e npMpoaHO OHeKMBarM
a a MM j e iiocTojfiMHa y ^nenocpearaoj 6JIM3MHM Mopa. npei];M3HMJe ffiMxaso
jiOKajiM30BaH>e OTescaBa OKOJIHOCT n r r o HMCMO HanMcro K a a j e y MSBopnMa
p e n o „njieMeHmTMHM", luieMeHCKOj repMTopMJM K a n w h a , a K a a j e p e n o
noceflMMa HeKe nopoaMu,e nopeKjioM o a K a H M h a . y c j i e a r e HeMSsecHocTM
He Moace ce nporyMaHMTM HM n a n c K o IMCMO etiJiMTCKOM Haa^MOKyny
TyHi^ejiy MS 1226. y KOMe ce cnoMMity sedes p a t r i m o n i o r u m , K o j e c y
KaHMhM H3ry6MjiM M K o j e ce n a a a j y ao6MTM o a y r a p c K o r K p a j b a notuiro
c y o a y c r a a M o a rycapeiBa.^^ T y 6M c e , MnaK, n p e MOrao MMCJIMTM n a
1' Jb. CTOjaHoeuh, Crape cpncKe noeejbe M nMCMa I , Beorpafl .1929, 32 (no-
Bejba je flaTOBana y ,,1276". a Tpe6a, KaKo je jom JMpeneK ynosopwo ,,1252—53",
McTopMJa Cp6a I , 176. Han. 80).
" T. Smiciklas, Diplomaticki zbornik I I I , 191.
15 T. Smiciklas. Diplomatieki zbornik I I I , 256, N. Klaic, iias. flejio, 485.
Hapofl KaHMha JoBana KMHaMa 25
M c r a K H y r e nopoaMne KOJMMa h e KpajBeB'CKa aapoBHMii;a naaoKHaaMTM M3-
ry6jBeHO « e r o n a seMJte ii;eaor njieMena.
y r p a r a a y s a repMTopMJOM K a H M h a oaaBHO j e npMBjiaHMO n a a K i t y
cnop MSMe^y C n j i w r c K e Haa'6MCKynMJe M KaH'Mha, y KOiMe j e Haa5MCKyn
PajnepiMJe '6MO KaMenoBaH. C n o p e o seMjfcipmrre j e j i o K a j i o n o a MooopoM
y I I o i b M ^ o j acynM, a i6paHM0 r a j e omes HMKOJIB, KOJM j e CMrypno
nopeKjioM o a K a ™ h a . MnaK, o c r a j e OTBOpeHO nMTaH>e a a JIM j e p e n o
njieMeKuiTMHM CBMX KaHMha, KaKO c e TO MHOTO n y r a i r p e h y r H O n o a p a s y -
M e s a j i o . " nojbMHica myna j e KpajeM cpeaifcer B e K a MMana cJioJKeny c o -
i^MJajiHy C T p y K T y p y , cpasMepno ao6po n o s H a r y saxeajfcyjyhM IIojbMHKOM
c r a r y r y M apyrMM MSBopiwMa. CrapMJiM cjioj peJiarMBHO MacoBHor >Kyn-
CKor njieMCTBa („aMaMiie") '^IHMJIIM c y rpM injieMeng KOJMMa j e npMnM-
CMBana BejiMKa 'crapMna: TMineMMpM, KpeMeHMHaiHM M JlMMMhM.^^ 3 a K a -
HMhe, a s K J i e , r y HMJe 6MJIO M e c r a u OHM c e y nojBMiijMMa KpajeM cpeaifcer
B e K a He noMMay.
PeKOHcrpyMmyhM repMTopMJajiHe ujejiMne y speMe npon,BaTa KaMMha
T p e 6 a o6paTMrM naactby ' 6 y j m n a n e Ii;ejiecTMHa MS 1192. y Kojoj c y
Ha6pojaHe i6MCKyinMje M „jKyne" ( y CMMCjiy n a p o x w j e ) CnaMTCKe n a a -
6MCKynMJe. TA^KO j e r a j a o K y M e H a r cyMHjMB c aMnnoMarnHKe ra^TKe
r a e a M i n r a , jyiJMcaMKti;MOHM OKBMPM C KoJMMa ce p a n y n a 6Mhe CBaKaKo
peajiHM. y a e J i y KOJM j e raenocpeaMo n o r ^ H i e H Haa,6MCKyny, KOJM j e
MseaH cy4>paraHMx SMCKymtja, H a s e a e n e c y napoxMje I^eTMHe, K j i n c a
c a HcynaHMJ'OM H o i b i m a M u;eJiMM MocopoM, sarMM napoxMJa OMMma a o
M a K a p a M a o p e K e H e p e T B e M njeaa P a c r o K a (et t o t a m R a s t o z a m ) . ! ^ y
repMTopMJajiHOJ i^ejiMHM KOJa j e M c n y H j a s a j i a OMMmKy napoxMJy Tpe5a
rpaacMTM c r a p y repMropMijy namMx K a n M h a , HMJM c y HOTOMI^M cpeaMHOM
X V BeKa HacTaifcMBaJiM KpaJMHy, o5jiacT n s M e ^ y Il,eTHHe w H e p e r B e , M
TBpaMjiM a a j e K o a M a K a p a soa a n t i g a p a t r i a de l o r C h a c i c h . "
AKO j e OMMm s a j e a H O oa KpajMHOM icrapa nocToji6MHa K a n w h a , OHfla
j e aMX'OBO r e j K M m r e n o c n e icpea-MHe X I I I B. noMepeno npeMa j y r y . y
fly6poBHMKy j e oaHyBaHa saiKJierBa KOJOM j e 1 1 . dpeQpyapa 1247. O^^Ata
CHMK U^(ji,i\\b. WW E^dHNd cfAb. yTBpaMO MMp M npMJaTejbCTBO c fly6poBHa-
HMMa. y a y r o M M caapscajHOM a o K y M e n r y a e r c B M jbyaM iCy a o c j i e a n o
HasMBaHM KpaJMH>aHMMa (jeaHWHa: KjiaraHHHiv), a a a c y o a s o j e u M o a
OMMmaHa cBeaoHM HMH>eHMLi;a a a c y c e o6aBe3ajiM a a n e h e a a r M c a s e r
HM noMoh aKO fly6p'OBHaHM n o ^ y faa OMMmane, a a a h e flySpoBHamnvia
aaTM x p a e y aKO MM 6 y a e noTpeSmo. K a ' ^ h M c e r y He cnoMMH^y m r o j e
Heo6MHHO K a a ce MMa y BMay HMH>eHMLiia a a c y ce pauMJe yrosopM cKJia-
1" CJiynaj je onMcao ToMa ApxMl^aKOH, Historia salonitanorum pontificum
atque spalatensium, ed. F . Raeki, Zagreb 1894, 73—75, a KOMeHxapMcaH j e 6e36poj
nyxa, necTO ca npehyrnoM npemocTaBKOM fla je apxMenMCKon flMpao y „poflOBCKy"
MJMI „njieMeHCKy" aeMjBy Ka^Mha. TOMMH TCKCT, Me^yxMM, roBopM o uipKBeHMi.i
noqeflMMa Koje cy sanocejiM neKM CjiOBeHM. ApxMenMCKOny ce cynpoTcxasMO
Nicolaus quidam cum fratribus et parentella sua, qui erant e x genere Cacitorum.
OH je TBpflMO fla cy xo noceflM patrum et antecessorLim nostrorum.
" M. EoDKuh, IIjieMeHMTM JbyflM IIojbMHaHM y X V BeKy, Tjiac C A H y 230,
Ofl. flpymxBeHMX nayxa 15 (1971) 72—76. ,
18 T. SmitHklas, Diplomaticki zbornik I I , 251; parochias Citine, Clisse CUIT.
tota iupania Polici, cum toto Massaro, et parochiam Almisi usque ad Macarum
et usque ad flumen de Narente et • totam Rastizam (...)
1' ynopeflM HMJice HaiiOMeHy 37.
26 CMMa TlMpKOBMh
naJiM 6 a m c a K a n i i h K M a MJIM OMMmaHMMa. OflOJBa IIpefleHiih. e w j e 6110
crapemMHa KpaJMiiaiHa, B e h itMXOB nocjiaHMK, a XHes j e 6MO flpacuMiip
M3 6paTCTBa fljeflOMMpwha.^" y TOMB y r o B o p y c a J];y5poBHaHMMa Hajiaai-i ce
j o m HeKOJiHKO jiMHHiix MMeHa, naTpoHMMMKa M, MOJKfla, MMena 5paTCTaBa,
K o j a c e He a a j y n o s e s a T M c a MMCHMMa MS OMmuKMx flOKyMenaTa r o r a
BpeMena. C j i y n a j K H e s a Tbype KaHMfea MS IMX poaMHa (1252/53) n o T B p -
l^yje fla j e OMMm 6MO y TO Bpeivie m e s f l o yTMi^ajHMx M MO^HMX KaHMha.
CaHyeaHO j e fteroBo HMCSMO fly6poBHaaiMMa MS speMeHa Kafla j e cpnoKM
Hpajb y p o r a I (1243—1276) Haoartao fly6poBHMK M K a a a 'cy oe Me^y
HanaaaHMMa HamjiM M ,,:HcynjbaHM", jbyflM KOje j e K p a j B BjiaaMCJias
(1234—1243) a a o " KKKEJIH. KHCS " B y p a j e TpaacMO
o a fly^poB^aHa a a TO HC y s M y s a s j i o K a o HJTO c e OH n e jbyTM n r r o c e
aySpoBaHKM % o a Q B M rapMKjbyqyjy K a a a nol^y ,/flpeBa saMopoKa M 6 H e -
TaHKa H a n a m r p a a " . ^ ^ Cteaij Ka'HMh, nooHaT MS caspaMeHMX a o K y M e n a T a ,
6MD j e , a s K j i e , KpajBeBCKM SCT M r o c n o a a p n o c e ^ a H a TepMTopfnJM cpnoKe
apacaBe, OBaKaKO y s c y n M .^pHOBHMqM BMme flySpoBHMKa, auM jberoB
rp'aa 6MO j e OMMm.
O a opeaMHe X I I I B C K a KaraMhM c e He -onoMMay c K o p o n y n a a s a
CTOJieha. O r y a a c e n e MOJKC pehw m r a c e a e m a s a j i o ica ocraTKOM „Hapoaa
K a H M h a " y TeMCJbMro MSMefteHoj icwTyaiu;MJM n o c j i e K o n a ^ H o r MCTMCKH-
B a a a BMsaHTMJe MS flajiMauMJe. MopeM c y sarocnoaapMjiM Benei^MJanqM
saMHTepecoBaHM s a c j i o 6 o a y M 6e36ea!H0iCT njiOBMa6e, KonnoM y s a j i e ^ y
c y aarocnoaapMJiM Y r p w OBe a o rpaHMu;a C p f e j e HeMaHJiHMx raacjieaHMKa,
T a K o ^ e oeoMa o j a n a j i e . O c r a u M HeKaaaniHie HeperjbaHiOKfe KHejKeBHMe
HMcy MOTJiM y offlHocy H a HOBO noMopoKe M KonHene ^CMJie saapacaTM
BeKaaiamHjM s n a n a j , MSMe^y o c T a i i o r a M 36or T o r a m r o c y c e npooopqMJe
npoM6HMJie. OflBajKHM M paToSopHM rcQMopiLpi M3 OMwma M a e r o B o r
npMMopja HMcy OMme 6MJIM 'cyoHeraM c a nojeaMHanHMM r p a a o K f m a K a o
m T o c y /Iy5poBeMK, CHJIMT MJIM K o T o p , s e h c a HJMXOBMM MohHMM r o c n o -
aapMMa M samTMTHMmMMa. I l o p e a T o r a , n a CBOMe c K y ^ e e o M n p o c T o p y oMcy
MorjiiM npaTMTM HanpeflaK y njioBwaSM r a e c y OBe 6pojeMje noicrajajie
BCJi^MKe paTHe M xprooaHKe a a ^ e .
B e j i M K y reiKumy MMajio j e p a s a p a j a H i e OMMma, KOJM c e pasBMJao
Kao MajiM r p a a n o a Ejiaiufey y r a p o K o r K p a j t a , M H>eroBor npMMopja KOJMM
c y rociiaaapMjiM nospeMeHo cpncKM iKpajBesM, saTMM xyiMCKM KHeaceiBM,
y nocjieaH>oj aei^eHMJM X I I I B. i6pM5MpoKM iKneaceBM, KOJM c y c e c a c p n -
CKWM KpajBBM 6o5piHJiM QKO X y M a M aouiMHe HepeTBe.'^^ ripMMCopcKM n o j a c
o a OMMma a o H e p e r o e n o c T a o j e y npanoM cMwcjiy peniM K p a J M H a —
^ Jh. CTOjaHoeuh, Cxape cpncKe noBe.)be M MMCMB I , 21—23.
*i Jb. CTOjaHoeuh, Cxape cpncse noBejte M M MCMS I , 32. T y HMJe pen o
cxaHOBiromMMa OMMraa, Beh o noflaHwqMMa cpncKor Kpajta, KOJM cy jom y npcMe
Kpajba BjiaflMCJiasa noKJioiteHM KpajteBoj KhepM M aery. HMJe MssecHO fla je
"Bypa KaHMh onaj BejiMKaui Kora cy YrpM 3apo6MJiM y paxy 1268. Pen je o
sexy Kpajba Vpoma (generum ejusdem Wros), a "Bypa je sex Kpajba BjiaflMCJiaBa.
y n . M. J^UHuh, O yrapCKOM poncxBy K p a ^ a ypoma I , MCXOPMCKM naconMC 1—2
(1948) 4—7.
^ nopefl HaBefleHMx paflona H. Kjianh yn. M T. IIlKpueaHuh, IIpMJior npo-
ynaBaity sanaflHMx rpaHMi];a cpncKe flpmaBe na npMMopjy- Ofl X I l flo nojioBMHe
X I V BeKa, McTopMJCKM laconMC 24 (1977) 50—59; S. Antoljak, B a n Pavao B r i -
birski »Croatorum dominus«, Radovi Instituta J A Z U u Zadru 19 (1972) 14—21;
M. JluHuh, Comes Constantinus, 35OPHMK paflosa BMsaHxojiomKor MHcxMxyxa 7
(1961) 1—10.
Hapofl KaMMha Josana KMHaMa 27
rpaHMHHa o6jiacT. Sna-qaJHy npoMeny j e a o n e o HSJias 6ocaHCKe a p a c a a e
Ha Mop'CKy o 6 a j i y n o c j i e 1326, o a r a a a j e K p a j M H a BMme o a cTOJieha y
c a c r a s y docaacKe a p ^ a s e . ^ ^
Q s a e HMJe Mecro a a c e Monorpae^cKM '06pa]^yje K p a j M H a , MoaceMo c e
caMO noaceTMTM n a 6MTHe OKOJIHOCTM M McropMjiCKe o p o n e c e o a x o i e s a
p a s y M e s a H j e HOBOT y s j i e r a K a n i ^ a o a cpeawHe X V s e K a . ^ * I l p e c s e r a ,
a a j e p e n o yoKOM n o j a c y seMJbMnrra c r e i m t e H O M MSMe^y BMcOKor w a -
CMBa BMOKOBa M MopcKe o6ajie o a Majio o6paaMBor r a a M o w m e T e p e n a
s a y s r a j a a e CTOKC. TO j e eeoMa orpaHMnaBajio n o p a c r G p o j a craHOBHMKa
M H a c e j B a . CTOJiehMMa j e Mpexca n a c e j B a o c r a j i a rrpM:6aMHaio jea«aKa,
OBeaeHa n a HMS c e j i a noHpaj MopcKe oGajie M napajieJiHM HMS n a ysflMr-
HyTMM nojioHcajMMa y njiaHMHCKOM n o a n o z K j y . MnaK, M K a TOM ocKyflHOM
M KpmcBiMTOM TepeHy H a c r a j i a c y BJiacrejiMHCTBa M.'oa MajiMx n a p ^ e j i a
seMJfce acMBejiM c y M TeacauM M njiefMnhM-paTHMUH. MaKO j e MSBopna
r p a ^ a s p j i o CMpoManiHa SHaMo s a HeKOJiPiKO c e j i a a a c y npMlnaaaJia i i p K s e -
HMM MJIM CBeTooHMM roonoaapuMa.
T a K o SHaMo a a j e y jyacnoM a c J i y KpaJMne cejio ^ M B o r o m h e npM-
n a a a j i o ©IMOKOIHJ'M y C r o H y a o cpeaMne X I I I B. a KacHMje j e a o n u i o y
CBeTOBHe p y K e M- 1434. j e n o r s p ^ H O HJiaaoBMMa xyMOKe nopoaMUie P a a M -
BOjeBMha.'^'' MofieTKOM X V B e K a y j e a H o j icyMH>MBo TpaawpaHoj noseJbw
KpaJb OcTOJa 6M y s 6poJHe a p y r e n o c e a e y X y M y M BOCHM norapaMO
BojBoaM T)yp5y PaflMBojesMhy M q e j i y KpajMiny: R e g i o n e m C r a i n a m a
N a r e n t a usque ad C e t i n a m c u m omnibus valachiis existentibus inter
N a r e n t a m et C e t i n a m . ^ * T a n o s e j b a MS 1408. h e umaK 6MTM (^ajiCMdsMKar,
j e p j e MCTM K p a j b OcTOJa 1417. y KJpaJMHM n e r ceJia c a CBMM Me^aMa
a a p o B a o a p y r o j nopoani^M B y K a m w H y , B a p a n y M J y p j y ByKHMhwMa, s a
K o j e c a p y r e c T p a n e snaMo a a c y noTMn;ajiM o a K a ™ h a . T o B j i a c r e j i w H -
CTBO j e s a x B a r a j i o c p e a i i w a e o KpaJMHe rfle j e M a K a p , MecTO paHMje M
KacHMje TBpl^aBe: M a c h a r c u m e l s u o c o n t a , et C e r n u c h i a c u m e l suo
c o n t a et P o s i z n a c u m s u o c o n t a et M i l u s a c u m suo c o n t a e l L a b z i a n c u m
suo conta.^^ y noBejBw; j e Kpajfc oGehaeao TpoJMrpi 6 p a h e a a n a a H>MMa
Hehe 6MTM HMKO o a X y M j i a a a M a a n e h e aaTM a a c n y j K e a p y r o M r o c n o -
aMHy.2* T o j e 6MJIO ynepeHO npoTMB BeJiMKama acejbHMX a a nponiMpe
" B. TpriKoeuh, BpaHMBOjesMhM, McxopMJCKM rjiacHMK 3—4 (1960) 57—75;
ucru, Kafla je Cxenan I I KoxpoMaHMh npBM nyx npoflpo y XyM, McxopMJCKM
rjiacHMK 1—2 (1960) 151—154. O orairreij pasBojy 6ocaHCKe flpacase: C. "RupKoeuh,
McxopMja cpeflftOBeKOBHe BocaHCKe flpscane, Beoi-pafl 1964.
J . Ravlid, Makarska i njeno primorje. Split 1934.
^ Jb. KoeaHeeuh, SnaMeHMxe cpncKe BjiacxeocKe nopoflMrte cpeflH.era seKa,
ToflMmftMi^a HMKOJie HynMha 10 (1888) 188—214, M BascHe flonyne M. JfuHuh,
flySpoaaHKM xpMSyxM, Tjiac 168 (1935) 251—257 M y KacHMJMM paflOBMMa o xep-
Uery Cie^say M nafly Xep^e^oBMHe.
" E. Fermendzin, Acta Bosnae potissimum ecclesiastica, Zagrabiae 1892,
87—89.
*' IIOBejba je canyBana y npesofly: S. Ljubic, Listine ob odnoSajih Juznoga
Slayenstva 1 MletaCke Republike V I I , 240; X , 433, yn. M. Brkovic, Povelja bo-
sanskog kralja Stjepana Ostoje iz godine 1417, Radovi razdio povijesnih zna-
nosti (Zadar) 13 (1986/87) 225—235.
IIopoflMiia je norpemno noBesMBana ca BojcajiMhMMa, noTOMi^MMa XpBoja
ByKHMha, M ca PaflMBOjeBMhMMa-BjiaxKOBMhMMa. To cy, 6e3 cyMH.e, ByKauiMH M
BapaH, Ofl KOJMX j e ocrajio H MCMO KOJMM ce npasflajy fla HMcy H>MXOBM .ayflw
rycapMJiM. Jb. CrojaHoeuh, Cxape cpncKe nosejbe M H MCMB I I , 4. Bapan je
HasBan Cacich y flySposaHKOM irocMy M3 1412. H A D , Lettere e commissioni di
Levante 7 f. 64'.
 28 CUMa "HMpKOBHh
CBOJe nocefle n a n o a p y H J y KpaJMHe, niTO c y KaHMtiM, K a o m r o heMO
BMfleTM, CBMM CHaraMa HacrOjiajiii fla c n p e n e .
Ofl K p a j a X I V B e K a c e y BOOHM a a n a a c a H a c T o j a i i e nojeflUHMX BBJIM-
K a m a fla saoHpyace TepMTopMJy M s a iboj y a c u B a j y c s a BJiamapcKa n p a B a .
H a flpyroM M e c r y CMO oi^prajiM r a j iipoij,ec, a OBfle noflcehaMO n a i t e r a
j e p HaM flOKyMeHTM nspiporro CBeflcyqe o roMe fla c e luieMCTBO KpaJMHe
r p y f l i u i o fla o c r a n e nofl K p a j t e M MJIM repMTopMJajiHMM rocnoflapern, fla
cnpe^M noT4iMH)aBaHDe flpyrHM sejiMKaiiiMMa.®' K a f l a c e o S p a s o s a j i a repM-
TopMja K o c a n a onaaca c e o r n o p KOA luieMCTBa y X y m y npoTMB BOJBOfle
C a n f l a j b a XpaHMba, K a c m i j e iBeroBor nacjieflSMKa BojBOfle, a ofl 1448.
xepii;era C r e c ^ a n a B y K H M h a K o c a n e , flOK c e y KpaJMHM onaaca o r n o p
npeMa BejiMKauiMMa MS Xytvia M B e s M B a a e s a BJiaflapa MJIM o S j i a c n o r
rocnoflapa.
O TOMe noTHMKbaBaHjy M cynpoTCTaBjBaiby MMaMo j o i n jeflno cseflo-
HancTOO MS 1434. roflMHe. T a f l a j e s a K p a r K o epoMe flo5MO nofl OBOjy
BJiacr repMTopMje y X y w y BOJBOfla Tbypa^ B o j c a j i M h npeoreBuiM MX ofl
CaiHflajfca XpaiHMha. OH j e oflMax oSflapwo B e h noMeHjn-y nopoflMu;y PaflM-
BOjeBMha M BpaTMo MM OHO m r o j e BojBOfla CanflajB ofl OBIMX y s e o . y n o -
BeibM Tbyp^a B o j c a j i M h a c e naBOfle , , B a p a n B y K H i d i s GparMJOM M S
flpacaiHMJeM", saTMM c e j i a :HCfiBoiramhe, Ty^iesM (flanac T y n e n M ) , KOTM-
niMHa, B a c T M BiMHMi^a.^" FaflMBOjeBMhM c y , flaKjie, nperenflOBaJiM H a c e j i a
M seMjbe y KpaJMHM, a M e ^ y inima M n a o n e niTO c y .npMnaflajie KaHM-
hMMa. T o j e BeoMa BaacHO s a p a s y M e B a i i e flora^aja 1452. K a f l a c e KaHMhM
noHOBo j a B j t a j y K a o pejiaTMBHO BpojHa s a j e f l H i m a M nojiMTM^KM HMHMJiaq.
KaHMhM H a c r y n a j y y speMe n o r p e c a M cMeftMBaHja BJiacTM nafl K u a -
JMHOM M o c r a j y npMcyrHM y MSSopMMa o s e flO n o n e r K a X V I B C K a . HOJIM-
TMHKM sanjieTM KOJMMa h e M KaniPihM 6MTM s a x s a h e H M s a n o n e r M c y paroM
HSMe^y flySpoBHMKa M x e p i ^ e r a C r e t ^ j a n a (jyHM 1451) M pac!u;enoM y
xepi(eroBoj nopoflM^M MS K o r a h e c e MspoflMTM n o 5 y H a i t e r o B o r CMHa B j i a -
flMCJiaea M xyMOKMX BejiMKaina raa n e j i y c a nopofljMHOM BjiarKOBMha ( P a
flMBOjcBMhn). HanaflHyTM flyBpoBHaran c y ce rpyflMJiM fla M s o j i y j y xepmera
• M OKpyace r a nenpMJarejBMMa, OHM c y npowySjbMBajiM pasflop y nopoflMu;!!
M noflCTMLi;aJiM CMHa fla y c r a n e npoTMB oti;a. K a f l a c y y MapTy 1452. rpafl
B j i a r a j M CBe TepMropMJe s a n a f l e o ofl H e p e r B e sGai^MJie B j i a c r xepi^era
CTe(|)aHa, flySpoBnaHM c y nocjiajiM y p e K y H e p e r B y Spoflose c a n a j a M -
lomMMa, MarepMJajiOM s a irpaflity y r B p ' ^ e ' i t a M MOCTE npeRO K o r a 6PI
casesHMUiM HacTynMjiM.npoTMB xepi^era. flySpoBHanM c y npMBOJiejiM Oocan-
c K o r K p a j B a T o M a m a fla c e npMKJtynM BjiaflMcjiaBy IM o j a n a H>eroBe c n a r e .
MecemMMa c y KOA 6ocaHCKor K p a j b a M BjiaflwcjiaBa Xepu;eroBMha 6 o p a -
BMJiM flySpoBaHKM HocjiaHMUiM HacTojehM fla MX y c a r j i a c e M n o K p e n y y
noxofl, KOJM j e , y n p K o c oeeMy, Msocrao.^i
H e y j i a s e h M y nojeflMHOcrn onMcane a a flpyroM M e c r y , sawpacaheMO
oe H a HMH>eHML(aMa KOJe c e ofleoce n a Ka^iMhe. y r p o j K B H M npMremifceH,
x e p i ( e r CTedpam ce dSpamo s a noMoh n a jeflHOJ crpaHM T y p i p M a , a Ha
flpyroj CTpaHM Benei^MJM, K o j a My j e HeKOjiMKO roflMna paHMje oflysejia
y n . C. "RupKoeuh, PycauiKa rocnofla, McxopHjcKM Haconiic 21 (1974) 5—17.
3" F . Miklosich, Monumenta Serbica, Vindobonae 1853, 377—379.
'1 C. TiupKOBuh, Xepi?er CTeeJjaH ByKHnh-KocaHa M lieroBO flo6a, Beorpafl
1964, 147—199; UCTU, Becrii Bpojba fla Jlanejio Kao HSBop sa HCTopwjy Bocne
K ;];y5poBHJiKa, McTopMJCKM Hacormc 12—13 (1963) 167—188.
Hapofl KaHMha JoBana KMHaMa 29
OMMIH M nojBMn;a (1444). C a M j e nonyflMO P e n y 6 j i M i p i fla n p e y s M e M
cyceflHy K p a J M n y M r p r flpMJeaa n a H e p e r B M (KOfl flaHamae r a B e i i e ) . " ^
CiuiMTCKM KHes j c flofoio MS B e H e i p j e y n y r c r B O fla npMXBarfu x e p q e r o B y
noHyfly, a y MCTOM CMMCJiy c y flejioaajiM M K a n n h w M craHOBHUuiM K p a -
JMHe, KOJM icy c e caMM craajbajiM nofl MJieraHKy B j i a c r . KaHMhM c y OHM-
rjieflHO 6MJIM nesaflOBOJbHM oBproM KOJM MX j e floeeo nofl B j i a c r B j i a -
flMCJiaBa M xyMCKMx BejiMKama, n a c y sBaiiMJiM H M X o s y B n a c r M cryriMJiM
y nperoBope c BeHen;MjoM. FoBopehM o sGMsaHxMMa TMX flana flySpoBHaBw
c y MSBemraBajiM fla c y c e K a ^ n h M noSyHMJiM npoTMSB BjiaflMCjiana.^* M s
KacHMJMx M s j a s a caMMX K a n M h a BMflM c e fla c y ce OHM npMflpyacMjiM 6 p o -
flOBMMa cnjiMTOKor K H e s a M fla c y c ibmjia yqecTBOBajiM y n o c e f l a a y r p r a
flpMJeBa, iwe j e 6MJia M c r a E H y r a MJieraHKa s a c r a B a . ^ * OBaKBO a n r a a c o -
BaH>e KaHMha MMaJio j e r e i m c e nocjiefljMi(e n o l i M x ; ' j e p c y BJiaflMCJiaB
X e p i ; e r o B M h M MsaKMin BjiarKOBMh, n e y n y m r a j y h M c e r ^ n i a y s e h e OKp-
i n a j e c a crapMM xep^e^OM, MorjiM fla y n y r e 4.000 n e m a K a y K p a j u n y , a
OBM c y njieHMjiM M nycrouiMjiM oQjiacr, napOMMTo KaHMhe, KaKO n a r j i a -
i n a B a j y flySpoBaHKM MSBeinraJM. OHM caMM c y c e acajiMJiM fla c y MM K y h e
c n a j b e n e M onjbaHKaHe M c r o K a orepana.^*
Ms TMX flana ocrajiM c y caHyBaiHM noflauM o fleJioBaH>y nocjiaHMKa
K a H M h a M cTarioBonKa KpajMHe, saSejiejKeHM c y HJMXOOM saxreiBM M MJie-
r a ^ K a o6ehaH>a, snanajHMJM n o MH^JopMaiiMjaMa K o j e fljipeKTHO MJIM MH-
flMpeKTHO n p y a c a j y n e r o n o nocjieflMn;aMa, j e p c y B e h cjieflehe roflMHe
(1453) KpaJMHa M KaHwhM flomjiM noHoeo nofl x e p i i e r o B y B j i a c r .
npefl.craBHMij;M KainiMha c y rpaHCMJiM fla oe noTBpfle npMBMJierMJe,
npaBHM oSMHaJM (consuetudines) M rpaHMne, K o j e c y MMajiM s a paHMJMx
rocnoflapa, napoHMTO BocaiHCKMx KpajbeBa. OHM c y MMajiM flyHorocr fla
p a r y j y Kafl c e noflMrne e o j c K a o CBOMe r p o n i K y MSMe^y p e K e K p K e M
H e p e r s e , a o r p o i i i K y BeneuiMje aKO j e p a r o B a i i e B a a TMX irpaiHMi];a. 0 6 a -
BesMBajiM c y c e flarH m r o Mory BMine JtyflM s a MJiera^^Ky ^'•'lOTy y K p y r y
Ofl 100 MMJba. O s e j e r p e G a j i o fla o c r a H e KaKO j e 6MJIO nofl paHMJMM
roonoflapMMa: fla HCKM n j i a h a j y HaMer ofl n e p o e p e ofl o r i i M m r a , flpyrM
Ofl 40 oojiflM, fla luieMMhw M cyflMje HMinra n e n j i a h a j y . * ^ SaBMCHW Jbyflw
32 B . Touiuh, T p r flpwjeaa y cpeflaeM BMJeKy, CapajeBO 1987, 164—170.
»» H A D , Acta Consilii Rogatonam 13 f. 17, 24. V 1452: . . . scribendi ad
(maiestatem R. Bosine npei^pxaHO) ad ambassiatores nostros qui sunt ad regem
Bossine et ad Vladissaum hortando eqs quod fieri faciunt castellum i n Goriza
secundum fuit arrengatum et etiam pro facto de Cacichi et etiam scribendi
capitaneo et patronis armate nostre. y jyny cy uMcajiM ,!i;y6poBHaHMMa na fle-
cnoTOBOM flBopy: l i Cazichi sono rivelati e larraata de Dalmacia veime sotto
Crayna e a Narente (Lett, di Lev. 15. f. 96), spjio CJM I HHO H y nncMy ofl 12. jyHa;
perche l i Cazichi erano ribelati dal s. Vladissauo et tegnivano e teneno con l a
prefata signoria. C. TiupKoeuh, Xepu,er Cxenan, 280 (y npMjiory).
" S. Ljubid, Listine I X , 430: . . . siando nui a Narenta ali servisii de la
vostra signoria el conte luanis cum la soa compagnia ando ale nostra stancie
et all nostri luogi et queli h a tuti brusadi per muodo che siamo i n tuto desfati.
" L a qual cossa sentendo el Re e queli altri slgnori avanti che vignesaeno
a l a ' G o r i z a mandorno el s. Vladissauo e vayvoda luanis cum cerca pedoni 4000
in Crayna l i quali predono l a detta Crayna e specialmente l i Cazichi e brusorno
le caxe e fexeno dele cose che se fano per la g u e r r a . . . C. TiupKoeuh, XepMer
Cxe^iaH, 280 (HMCMO y npMJiory).
S. Ljubid, Listine I X 431—432: . . . imo perpero per fumante et alguni
sono tegnudi dar soldi 40 per fumante, alguni nobeli et altri zudexl sono exenti.
OnxepeheKbe je 6HJIO sehe KOfl OHHX KOJM cy njiaiiajiM 40 cojiflM, KaKO je
o5jacHM0 M. Sunjid, Dalmacija u X V stoljecu, Sarajevo 1967, 72.
 CMMa TlMpKOBMh
30
c y TpM n y x a y roflMHH CMJIM pyxmi a a flajy noKjioHe rocnowapy. Y n a f l -
jbiMBO j e HacTOJaifce Ks'ni^a. M K p a j M i t a H a a a c e s a T a o p e M 6 p a H e ofl OHHX
M3BaH: TpaJKMjiM c y n e caMO w a n e 5 y a y n p e A a n i HeKOM flpsrroM, Hero M
fla c e HMKOMe c o n e c r p a n e ouiaHMHe n e flOfleji>yje s e M J t a HMTH npuxoflM
Ha n o r e s y Ofl O M i m i a flo H e p e r a e . B e n e n i i j a j e r o n p H x a a m i j i a M o 6 e -
h a j i a fla h e nocefle w p e m - e flaaarw caovto BepewM noflamitpiMa M3 KpaJMHe.
KaHMhM c y MMajiM o5aBemTeH>a fla j e MaaHMiu BjiarKoaiMh MSflejcTBoaao
fla My BOJBOfla BjiaflMCJiaB HOKJIOHM H>MXOBa Mecra (i l u o g i n o s t r i ) , n a
c y cTsapM oSpnyjiM M aarpaacwjiM ofl B e e e u ^ j e fla OHO m r o MMa y n y r a p
HJMXOBMX rpaMMi^a, MBBecraH Gpoj iKMerosa JROJM My c j i y a c e , y s M y fla
cjiyace nama..^'' Benei^Mja r a j s a x r e a HMje ycjiMuiMjia rapflehM fla H>eHM
npeflCTaBHML(M n p e r o a a p a j y c a MaaHMmeM fla-flo^e nofl ftMxoay a j i a c r .
M e ^ y saxreBMMa K a H M h a M Kpaj'MH>aHa a a a c n o Mecro j e MMEJIO noflM-
3aH>e r a p ^ a a e y M e c r y M a K a p . Beneu^^ja c e carjiacMJia noflpasjrMeaajyhM
fla j e T B p ^ a a a raMO M p a e M j e 5MJia. M j i e r a n K e a j i a c r M icy ce ofiaaesajie
HaSaiBMTM KaMBH, KpeH M fl'pao, flOK c y KaHMhM MMajiM fla oSesSefle M a j -
iCTope M paflHy CHary. HSKM paflOTM c y oflMax saooHerM, j e p c y y j i e r o
1452. flySpoBHaHM MSBeniTaaajiM o rpai^eity.^* H a MjieraHKOj crpaHM ce
p a H j i ^ a j i o fla he noflMsame y r B p ^ e a a n o r p a j a r M , n a j e n a Tpa2KeH>e K a -
HMha HajiojKSHo xBapcKOM iKHesy fla peHeeMM njieMMhMMa KaHMhMMa
y c T y n w seMJbMurre fla noflMrny KyhMu;e y KOje 6M ce MorjiM n o a y h n y
c f l y n a j y HeBOObe flOK n e '6yfle s a B p n i e n a r a p ^ a e a MaKap.**
H o m r o j e K p a j r a i a a p a h e H a x e p q e r y CrecJjaHy npefl K p a j 1453. o c r a -
fla j e H a Mnpy H e m r o BMme Ofl flei^eroije, a OHfla c y , n o ^ e s ofl 1465.
noHejie H o a e H e s o j a e . K a K O j e 1463. ocBojeHa B o c a H C K a K p a j a e s H H a , a
1465. 6MJia yrpoaceHa M aehMM flejioM ooaojeHa M repMropMja x e p q e r a
Cxeclpsma, OH j e o n e r n p e n j r c T n o K p a j M H y BeneuMJH. V MCTO epeMe n o 3 -
a a o j e y r a p c K e a o j H e nocafle y npeflejie OKO y m h a H e p e r a e fla o j a n a j y
on6paHy Ofl T y p a K a , KOJM c y i6am y j i e r o 1465. sarocnoflapMJiM sajiel^eM
flyGpoEHMKa. OKO KpaJMHe M repMropMja y a e H O M cycefliCTsy c y K o 6 j b a -
eajiM c y c e TypitM, aJiM M &MXOBM xpMnihaHCKM nporpiBHMUM Y r p M M B e -
' HeuMjaHUM, K a o M HacjieflennM x e p i ^ e r a CrecJjaHa (t 1466) M BjiarKOBMhM.
O s f l e HMje Mecro fla ce npeHOCM c j i o a c e n a M y npMJiMHHoj MepM n e j a c n a
xpoHMKa flora^aja flo K p a j a X V B e K a . Y n y h y j y h M n a icneu;MjajiMcrMHiKy
J i M r e p a r y p y * " McrahM heMO caMO OHO m r o ce nenocpeflHO oflHOCM n a K a -
HMhe.
- H o c j i e 1465. OHM KMcy jeflMHcnaeHO pearoBanM K a o 1452. s e h c y c e
noflejiMJiM, r a K O fla MX BMAMMO y 3 MJieraHKy e j i a c r M HeKaflannber j t y r o r
npoTMBOHMKa M a a m m i a BjiarKOBMha, KOMO cy ce HCKM Me^y KaHMhMMa M
cafla c y n p o T c r a a j b a j i M , sarMM y s y r a p c K y BojHMHKy n o c a f l y y rsp^aiaiM
K o m H a y m h y H e p e r s e , M, n a j s a f l , Me^y oHUMa KOJM c y npMsaajiM r y p c K y
" S. Ljubic, Listine I X , 432—433.
" L e t t , di Lev. 15 f. 96, 16. V I 1452: . . . p e r c h e adesso fan una forteza
a Machar in Crayna l a qual non fano per nostro ben. Tspl^aBa HMje 6MJia 3a-
BpmeHa HM 1476. roflMHe.
s« S. Ljubic, Listine I X , 455: quod in puncta illius insule concedat tantum
territorium dictis nobilibus de Cacich quod possint fabricare domunculas in
quibus se reducere valeant pro eorum securitate, si opus erit, donee fiat for-
talicium Machar.
*• B. ATanacoecKU, Ilafl Xepi;erOBHHe, Beorpafl 1979; M. Sunjic, Dalmacija
u X V stoljecu, Sarajevo 1967.
Hapofl KaHMha Josana KMHama 31
BJiacT. J y p a j MapKOBMh KaHiMh 5MO j e nocjieflH>Mx rofl'MHa X V BCKa
conte d i l a C r a i n a , subdito d i l T u r c h o e a m i c o di l a signoria.*^
Kafl 6' MCMO n o f l a r K e o KaHMhMMa MS flpyror nepMOfla DtwixoiBor y s j i e r a
n o K y m a j i M fla caacMCMO n o n y r KwHaMa o p e 6MCMO roBopujiM o c r a f l e a c y
KaHMha Hero o napofly KaHMha. Hoflatpi MS flpyre nojiosMHe X V s e K a
He o c r a a i b a j y M e c r a cyMHiM y r o fla c y K a n i d i M 6MJIM MacosHO ICMTHO
HJieMCTBO KpaJMHe, K o j e ce Moace craoMTM y s I6OK „flMflMhMMa" M „Bjra-
c r e j i M " MS a5jiMacH>Mx noibMu;a MJIM neynopeflMBO 6ojbe n o s n a r o M y r a p -
CKOM acynaHMjoKOM njieMCTBy. S a x a a J B y j y h M ocJioHny H a caiuxeMerawKe,
Me^y KojMMa j e 6MJIO M sehiMx noceflHMKa M cJjyHKrtMOHepa KaKSM c y 6MJIM
cnoMeHyiTM B y K a i m i H , B a p a H M J y p a j , KaHMhM c y y c n e s a j i M fla M3'6erHy
n a f l a a e y saaMCHOcr M s 6 o r r o r a cy c e r a K o eHeprMHHO onMpajiM niMpeiby
ry^MX nocefla M npoflMpaiay rocnofle MIS cyceflnor - X y M a . npMnafl,aH.e
HJieMeny, cjio6ofla M aoJHa c j i y a c 6 a 6MJIM c y H>MXOB t i t u l u s n o b i l i t a t i s ,
KOJM c y jby5oMopHO HyaajiM M H a r j i a m a a a j i M . Coij;MjajiHM c r a r y c KaHMha
npo4)MJiMcao ce HaJBepaaanHMje y mepwofly GocancKe s j i a c i M K a f l a j e
HajaKryejiHMje GMJIO cJjopMMpa&e B J i a c r e j i M H c r a a a M ofljaiMpaibe n a f l y y
saBMJCHOcr. T o npMGjiMaoHO o f l r o s a p a M BpeMeny Kafla c e y X p s a r c K o j
ycrajiMO M saoKpyacMO c a a e s 12 njieMena, o KOMe ce TOJIMKO p a c n p a a j b a j i o
y x p a a r c K O J Mct'opMorpacjDMJM.^
KaHMhM KMcy MsyMpjiM iHM MuiHesjiM s a BpeMe r y p o K e B J i a c r u , ajiM
HMcy MMajiM ayroHOMHor mpocropa fla Oflpace c r a j i e u i K y cynepMopHocr
M36opeKy y nperxoflHOM nepMOfly. C a H y s a H a j e o c r a j i a H C K a a p c r a C r a -
r y r a K p a J M n e MS 1 5 5 1 . roflMHe, K o j a sajeflHMny n p e f l c r a a j a a K a o „s6op
epneroBaHKM SBaroi j m r a " . * * C a c r o j a j i a c e MS flsa c j i o j a . . l u i e M i ^ M M
cMpoMacM a r o j e e r rjiaaapM M reaiauiM" M MMajia j e n a n e j i y GpojHy H
cjioaceny r f l a a a p c K y xjMjepapxMjy: aeJiMKM K n e s , neKOJiMKO K H e s o s a , flBa
cepflapa, nofl caaiEMM flsa K a n e r a H a (cBaKM c a H a J M a a e 100 jbyflM), sarwM
cyflMJe, n a -HayiiiM. O KaHMhMMa y TOM saHMMJiMBOM r e K c r y Heaaa HM
peHM, ajiM ce MS jeflHor c r o roflMna MJia^er flOKyMeHra awflM fla c y c r a -
pemMHe GMJie ofl Ka:™ha M fla c y TO HarjuamaiBajie. K a f l a c y nocjie y c r a n -
K a M M J i e r a H K O - r y p c K o r p a r o a a H j a 1646. KpaJMHjaHM GMJIM y npMJiMipi fla
flo]^y nofl, MJieraHKy a j i a c r , cJjopMyjiMcajiM c y caoje acejbe K a o M flpa
CTOJieha pamije.** 3 a n a m npeflMer c y sHaHaJHa HaMxoBa T p a a c e a a fla
yacMBajy npsMaiMjierMJe nojBMHKe M fla MM flyacfl noflejiM npMBMjieraje
i>
B. ATaHocoecKU, Ilafl Xepi^eroBMHe, 80—82, 119, noKasao je fla je
MBaHMin BjiaTKOBidi MMao remKohe ca flejioM KaHMha M fla je caMO flee
npMflo6MO 3a ce6e. MecTO o KHesy MsaHy MapKOBuhy KaiMhy noTMHe H3
/^CBHMKa MapMHa Canyfla M MHOFO nyxa je lyiTMpano. yKJbyieHO je Me^y
KjiaMheBa perecra (Hrvatska plemena, 34). AoKyMenaT o KaHMhMMa y3 yrapcKy
nocafly caonmTMo je B . ATanacoBCKM, Ilafl XepueroBMHe, 134, 141. Bapxya
KaHMh je flOJiasMO y flySpoBHMK ex parte alionmi Chacicionim qui sunt cum
banc de Chos.
^2N. Klai6, Povijest Hrvata u razvijenom srednjem vijeku, 593—609; ista,
PostSnak plemstva »dvanaestoro plemena kraljevine Hrvatske*, Historijski
zbornik 11—12 (1958—1959) 121—163.
Grgid,
" I. Statut primorske lige, Zadarska revija 4 (1955) 193—203, TCKCT
cnoMeHMKa je Ha cip. 202—203.
** N. Z. Bjelovucid, Ugovor makarsko-primorskih knezova s mletaekom
republikom god. 1646, Starine 32 (1907) 317—322. KaKo je ynosopMO M. TprMh
y pafly Has. y nperxoflHOj HanoMeHM, TO HMje yroBop seh Tpaaceae MaKapcKO-
-npMMopcKMX KHesceaa. JS^are
cy MM TOM M PMAHKOM namTpoBCKe npMBMJierMJe.
 CMMa liMpKOBMh
32
nauirpoBMha, jep oxxpHBajyflacy osm caMU ce6e BMflejin Kao luieMMhKy
oiniTMHy cjiMHHy nojbim;MMa M IlamTpoiBMiiMiMa. Ofl 12 MMeHa KHe30Ba M
jeflHor napoxa neTopima cy MSPMHMTO osHaneHM Kao KaHMfew, a Bepo-
BaxHO jeflaMe^y OHMM ocrajiMM HCKM Hooe MMena nojeflMHMX GpaTcraBa
Me^y KaHMhMMa."^
CyflehM no TMM noflaipiiMa, a IM neKMMa M3 KacHMJMx BpeMena, sa
KOJMMa HMCMO CMcreMaTCKM TparajiM, KaHMiiM HMcy HM CBM craHOSHMipi
oflpej^ene TepMTopMje (MaKapcKa KpaJMHa), HMcy HM njieMCTBO ca xe
xepMTopMJe, Beh npMnaflHMD;M nopoflMi^a M 6paxiCT'aBa yaepeHMX y nopeKjio
„Ofl KaHMha". CTBapHe MJIM npeTnocraBjBeHe reneajiomKe eese M sajefl-
HMHKe xpaflMiyije npeflcraajLajie cy y nocjieflaeM nepMOfly cnoHy Koja
je KaHMheflpacajiana OKyny. Kafla je BjesocjiaB Kjiaiih iMcao CBOJy
nMQHMpcKy pacnpaBy o xpaaxcEMM luieMeHMMa, rfle je MCTopMjy KaHMha
sanoHiMifcao 1102. Morao jeflaEfHTMpa MS oKopo caBpeMene a'noHMMHS
KibMaome (1885)*^ aKxyejiny pasrpaHaTOcr KaHMha: nopoflMu;e cy no cra-
peuM i HMfloSMJieMMena, o« Mnje KaHMhM—MMoiuM'hM, ofl .XCapKa KaHM-
hM—:?KapKOBMhM, Ofl AHflpMJauia KaHwhw—AHflpMJ^aineBMhM, ofl, XlexKa
(HeKe) KaHMhM—IleTKOBMhM (IleKMhM), ofl Bapxyjia KaHMhM—Bapryjio-
BMhM, Ofl CTMne KaHMhM ^CTMOMhM, Ofl, CeHKa KaHMhM CeHKOBMhH MTfl.
HapaBHO, M TO je caMo jeflpa ofl KacHMX caacexpix njieMencKHX xpa-
flMUMja, Kojoj 6M ce TaHHocT Mopaaia npooepMTM. Osfle ce TMMO ne MO-
ZKBMO 5aBMTM, Beh caMo ynosopMTM Ha MMBo saHMiMaH>e sa McxopMJy KOA
BeoMa yAajfc0HMx renepauiMja KanMha. HajpenpeseHTaTMBKMje cBeflOHan-
CTBO je oco6e!Ho MCTOPMJCKOfleJiocjapa AiHflpMje KaHMha—MfMomnha cany-
BaHO y croicMMa „Pa3roBop yroAHM napofla cjiOBMHCKor" (1756, 1759) M
„Kopa6jtMi];a" (1760). He MoaceMo MX osfle npMKasMBaTM seh caMO yno^
3opMTM Ha cnajaifce ynene M encKe TpaflMuiMJe „cjiOHMHCTBa" y KOje cy
ynjieTene oco6eHe TpaflMqMje KaHMfea M nofc leTWTM Ha BBJIMKM jTTimaj
Tora flejia.*^
HoHeTKMflieoJlexonMca HonaflyKjtaHMHa(BapoKor poflocjioea), npe-
BCASH, CKpahee, yneKOJiMKO M nponiMpeH KasMBa&eM o CMpxM Kpajba
SBoemiMpa na^en je noneTKOM XVI BeKa „y KpaJMHM y MapKOBMh, y
jeAHe KifcMre crape nMcane xpsa^HMM HMCMOM".** Besy ca KaHMhMMa je
ycraHOBMO seh MBan HpHHwh, a neAaBHO je cyrepMcano fla 6M ayrop
xpBarcKe BepsMje Morao SMTM magister Nicolaus Georgii de Crayna, KOJM
je nocrao rporMpcKM ipa^anMH M ynpaBiHMK onmTMHCKe mKOJie.^* Csecr o
« Mcnpefl CBaKor noTHMca CTOJM »Ja Kgnez«: Matij Pavlovich, Ivan Nena-
dich, Ivan Kagich iz Makarske, Pavo Covagevich iz Kotissine, Jure Marcovich
iz Makarske, Ivan Bartulovich iz Lapgagnia ( = Gradac), Mijo Kagich iz
Lapgagnia, Jure Kagich Baranovich iz Makarske, Nikola Visoovich iz Podaze,
Jure Cagich iz Bachine, Marko Serdonovich iz Cuncitie ( = KuCice), Marko
Krezovich iz Rogosnize, don Marko Cagich parok iz Cuncitie.
« OcTaJia HaM je HenpMCTynaiHa, Kjiawh ^MTMpa: R a . . . , Obitelj KaCic u
povjestnim dokumentima, Zadar 1885.
" JlMTepaxypa o KaHMhy (flo 1972) HaBeflena y Enciklopedija Jugoslavije
5, Zagreb 1972, 169—170.
*8 JleTouHC nona fliyKJbaHMHa, efl.fP. Ulumuh, Beorpafl—3arpe6 1928, 382.
" M. Ancic, Ljetopis kraljeva Hrvatske i Dalmacije (Vrijeme nastanka i autor-
stvo Hrvatske redakcije Ljetopisa popa Dukljanina), Zgodovinski dasopis 44 (1990)
521—546. OflJiyHHM flOKas ayxopcTBa HMje flaT, KaKO HanoMMH.e M 'caM ^Hca^,
ajiM j e BaacHMM sanajKaaMMa o6oraheHO no3HaBaK,e caMociaJiHor x^MBoxa xpaax-
CKe peflaKi;MJe.
Hapofl KaHMha Josana KMHaMa
33
crapoj nocTO6jMHM nocBeAOHena je ujMTMpaHOM wsjasoM npeAcrasHMKa
KaHMha 1452. roAMHe. Ms Hemro paHMjer speMena noTMHy reKcrosM KOJM
KaHMhMMa npimMcyjy Baacny yjiory y icrapMjoj xpearcKOJ McropMJM. V
npMUMcy cynerapcKOM Kapryjiapy KaranhM cy Ha npBOM Mecry Me^y OHMX
mecT luieMeea KOJMMa npMnafla i6aH0Ka Hacr. JlereHflapHM KapaKrep oeora
TeKcra npenoaHaT je ofl caMor noHerKa.^" Onopo M Kpos acycrpe flMCKy-
omjeflOJiasMJiooeflorora fla n TSB. Pacta conventa noTMny MS KacHMJer
BpeMena M He pe4)JieKTyjy OAHOoe c nonerKa XII eeKa. Y roMe reKcxy
je npBM HaBeAen: Comes Gurran de genere Chacittorum. HMraite je,
HapaBHO, fla JIM TO MMa sese ca OHMM KaHMhMMa, KOJMMa CMO ce OBAB
6aBMJMi KOMeH i TapMmyhM KMHaMa. Jep, KaHMha je 6MJIO y -sajie^y 3aflpa,
saTMM Ha YHM, na M y YrapcKOJ. H. Kjiaiwh je oAPM^aJIa caaKy sesy
TBpflehM Aa „H>MMa OCMM npesMMCHa KOje y cpeAiaaseKOBHoj XpsarcKoj
HMje pexKO, HPmrra HMJe sajeAHMHKo".5i CyMaaM y TO fla je Kom^enr
„npesiMMe" afleKBaraH 3a ooMCMBaibeflpyuiTBeHMXOAHOca y cpeflffceM
BeKy M fla y OBOM cjiynajy MO^JKe fla nocjiyaoi Kao apryMenaT. Behy
rescMHy Tpe6a npKflarM OKOJIHOCTM Aa ce oMMmKo-KpaJMHCKM KaHMhM
pasBMJajy iMssaHCTaporxpsarcKor jesrpa, y vpansmmm ooflpyHJy y Koje
cyflocnejiiMy XI BCKy Kao mTO' ce y JiMxeparypM ysMMa. Y caaKOM cjiy-
Hajy, KMHaMOsa seer MMa eejiMKM ananaj sa npoynaBaae nJieMena y
XpBaroKoj yroJiMKO mro npeflcxaBJba MOCT KOJM-noBesyje luieMena KacHor
cpeflfter BeKa caCTapMMlUieMeHMMa y HMJy ce peajiny ersMcreeitMjy
noHeJio cyMH>aTM.
Sima Cirkovid
T H E NATION O F K A T Z I K I O I B Y JOHN KINNAMOS
The passage from. the text of John Kinnamos stating that "the
nation of Katzikioi" submitted to the Byzantine emperor ("the nation
of Katzikioi", Deeds of John and Manuel Comnenus by John Kinnamos
trans, by Ch. M. Brand, New York 1976, 187) points to Kinnianmos'
ethnic terminology and his usage" of the word "nation" eOvo?. The Ka-
cici were singled out as a nation because of their political inde-
pendence and the fact thait they played a part in international rela-
tions of that time, not because the author perceived either cultural
or religious differences that would set them apport from the surround-
ing world.
In the sources from the middle of the 12th century, the Kacici,
together with the people of Omis (the dwellers of the town of Omis,
Ahnissa, Dalmissa), were referred to as a factor upon which the safety
of sailing in the Adriatics depended. In the 13th century they were
often accused of piracy. Towns concerned about the safety of trade
M yn. N. Klaid, Povijest Hrvata u ranom srednjem vijeku, Zagreb 1971,
i4.
" N. Klaic, Povijest Hrvata u razvijenom srednjem vijeku, 479.
3
 Sima Cirkovic
34
and sailing concluded treaties with them. At the beginning of the
13th century, they complained on several occasions to the Pope, Venice,
the Hungarian king, the king of Sicily, demanding ithat tlie people
of Om§ i land the Kacidi should be prevented from obstructing sailing
and attacking ships.
The presence of Venice, which had become the ruler of Dubrovnik,
and the consolidation of the powerful Hungarian and Serbian states
hi their hinterland, limited the power and scope of the Kacici. The
town of Omis cametothe possession of Hungary, and the coastal belt
at the foot of the mounifiain Biokovo and between the rivers Cetina
and Neretva which at that time got the name of Krajina (the name
used for border lands), belonged to the Serbian kings from the dynasty
of Nemanjic. From the end of the 13th century onward, no mention
of the Kacici was made in sources for almost one hundred years. In
the meantime, Krtajina had got under the rule of Bosnian bans (after
1326), whereas some settlements had been incorporated into land estates
of local feudal lords, some of whom were descendaints of the Kacici
(the beginning of the 15th century).
The Ka5ici appeared on the political scene for the second time
in the middle of the 15th century. Thanks to thedr connections with
Venice, which had, in the meanwhile, captured Split and Omis in 1444,
some linformation about them has been preserved in the Venetian
archive. On the basis of it, it can be concluded that the Kacici lived
in the vilages in Krajina (but not all inhabitants in this' region were
the Kacici), that they were considered to be nobility and were exempted
from paying a tax to liie ruler, but were under obligaition to wage
wars on the territory between the rivers Krka and the Neretva. The
Kacici demanded from Venice to confirm their old privileges granted
by Bosnian rulers, as well as that the lands between the mountain
and the sea should not be given as gifts to anyone. At the time of
Turkish invasion, Venice permitted the Kacici to build a fortress in
the vicinity of Makarska, and transiferred a part of them to the island
of Hvar. Nevertheless, at the time of Turkish conquest (from 1466 to
1485), a part of the Kacici recognized Turkish rule, and latter became
Turkish subjects. Under Turkish reign, the privileges of the nobility
could not be preserved, but the tradition and genealogical connections
between the Kacici have been kept up to modem times.
Having drawn attention to the long and interesting history of the
Kacici, the author refutes the claim that the Kacici were a dynasty
ruling the former Principality of Neretva. The Kacici were a part of
an old Croatian tribe that moved southwards, to the territory which,
according to Constantine Porphyrogenitos, had been inhabited by the
Serbs. Thanks to their origin, family relations and preservation of
inherited lands, they managed to avoid falling into subordination and
for this reason were considered as nobility.
36op«MK paflOBa BMsaHTOJiomKor MHcrnTyTa, X X X I I , 1993.
Recueil desi travaux de I'Institut d'etudes byzamtines, X X X I I , 1993
yflK 332.24.012.326(495.631):636(091)(093 = 773)"08/14"
C T O H A P C T B O H A n O C E A H M A C B E T O r O P C K H X
M A H A C T H P A V C P E J ^ B E M B E K Y
y yco ij BMMa aoiBOTa cpefliter seKa rajeite CTOKC npeflCTasjfcaJio
je pamp i eHO M ynocHO 3aHMMaH.e CTaHOBHwrnxBa, jep My je 6aB.fiaeKbe
OBMM nOCJIOMflOHOCMJIOBMmeCTpyKe KOpMCTM. CTOKa M IfceHM npoMS-
BOflM MMa M
ij cy BaacHO MecTO y McxpaHM cxaHOBHranTBa, a Baiba noflce-
TMTM M Ha HPb fieHPmyflacy ce ofl Koace, syne KfljiaKeCTOKO npaBHJiM
flejiOBM oflehe, onpeue sa KOHje, maxopM sa CTaH0BaH>e Mxfl. He xpeSa
CMexHyxM c yMa fla je Kpynna xerjieha M xosapna Mapsa 6MJa i neon-
xoflHa sa HeKe nocjiose Ofl BuxajiHor SHanaja: cjiyaoiJia je y oGpafw l
seMjbe, y pafly BasoiMX norona (ryMHa, MJIMHOBM), a ynoxpe5.ibaBajta
ce M y npeHomeay xoBapa^ naK M na BCJiiiKeflajtwHe(KapaBancKa
xproBMHa). y onmxMM pasMaxpaHiiiMa o SHanajy cxoKe csaKaKo xpe6a
MSflBOJMXM y'srajaae KOHa j KOej je y cpeflEboseKOBHHM ycJiOBMMa Msia-
jio noceSaH snanaj npowcxeKao MS oco6iiTor Mecxa KOH.a y xaflamaoj
Bojci^M, Kao M y JKMBOxy MMyhHMX K yrjieflHMX JbyflM. Cxora cy KOH>M
Kao Bpcxa cxoKe 6MJIM saaxHO Mab i e sacxynjbeHM y cpefH
l >OBeKOBHOM
cejiy.
Ilpe npMCxyna odpafM l nocxaajbeHe xeme acejieo 6MXflaHanoMeneM
fla cy 6poH j H ayxopM MspeKJM
i caflpHcajne M SHanaJHe cyflOBe o cxo-
HapcxBy y nojeflMHMM cxoJiehMnaflyreBMsaHXMc jKe McxopMje. Ty aaj-
npe aajba cnoMenyxM Heo6HHHO KopMcna pa3MMmjbaH>a cxapor A. Py-
flaKOBa KojM je cxonapcxBO nocMaxpao M3 cacBMM cneitM^JMHHor yrjia:
nojiasMo je ofl xarMorpa(i)CKMX xeKcxoBa HacxanMxfloXI seKa, KOJM
yrflBBHOM cjiMKajy ci^ene MS JKMBOIH Mao ijasMJCKMX Kpajeaa, 36or Hera
H,eroBMflparoi^eHMpesyjixaxM iisjiase MS BMflOKpyra namer xpenyxnor
saHMMaaa.i Caflpxajna M saHMMJbMBa sanaasaHia o cxoHapcxay y BM-
sanxMJM Haa isMMO y KjiacMrooM flejiy «I>. KyKyjieca, canecHor Mcxpa-
acMBana acMBOxa M o6MHaa j Poweja. CxofH l O CBOM McxpaacMBaHKOM
ycMepeay, «I>. KyKyjiec je nacacjbMBO oflaSpao M npesenxMpao nasMBe
KoJM cy ce Ha pasHMM cxpanaMa BMsaHXMJCKor csexa janjbajiM sa
1 A. n. PydanoB, OnepKM" BMsaHTMiicKOft Kyjibxypbi no ffaHHbiM rpene-
GKoa arMorpa^JHM, MocKBa 1917, 182—184.
3»
UDC 949.5 + 7.033.2 + 877.3(05) YU ISSN 0584—9888 YAK 949.5 + 7.033.2 + 877.3(05) YU ISSN 0584—9888
INSTITUT D'ETUDES BYZANTINES BH3AHT0JI0lnKH HHCTHTYT
DE L'ACADEMIE SERBE DES SCIENCES ET DES ARTS CPnCKE AKAflEMHJE HAYKA H YMETHOCTH

RECUEIL DES TRAVAUX 3B0PHHK PA^OBA

DE L'INSTITUT D'ETUDES BYZANTINES ' BHSAHTOJIOiUKOr HHCTHTYTA
XXXII XXXII

R^dacteur ypeflHHK
BOilDAR FERJANCIC SOMHMAP 0EPJAHmJi
Directeur de I'Institut d'etudes byzantines
OTpeKTop BHsaHTOJoimKor HHCTHTyxa
Comity de redaction: PeflaKiiHOHH ofl5op:
'Sima Cirkovic, Ivan Burtc, Vojislav Buric, Bozidar Ferjancic, Jovanka Kalic, BojucAae 3ypuh, Mean 3ypuh, Mupjaua XKueojunoeuh, JoeanKa Ka
Ljubomir Maksimovii, Ninoslava RadoSevic, Gojko Subotic, Mirjana Zivojinovic JbySoMup MaKcUMoeuh, Hunocjiaaa Pagomeeuh, FOJKO CySoiHuh,
CuMO TiupKoeuh, Eoncugap ^epjaHWh

BEOGRAD
BEOrPAA
1993 1993