Sem Cece) Pro Melt eeteledOXFORD Jon Naunton ProFile Pre-Intermediate OXFORD ‘UNIVERSITY PRESSOXFORD Great Ctendon Steet, Oxford 0X2 6D ‘Oxford Univer Pret. department ofthe University of Oxford. [fries the Unneaty'sobetne ference in research Sint aducaton by publishing workin ‘nf New York ‘Auckland Cape Town Dares Salam Hong Kong Karachi ual ampur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nair New delhi ShanghatTaipel Torom within Argentine Austis rant Chile Czech Republic France Gree Catemala Hungary Ty Japan Pos Portugal Singapore South Korea Switertane Tsland Turkey Ustlne Viezam oxroxp and oxvoxb eNGusi are eghtered ade marks of ‘Gxford University Pres Inthe UK ane in certain eter counties {6 Oxford University Press 2005 "The moral rightsof the author have ben asserted Database ight Oxford Univers Pres (maker usc published 3005 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 wos76sss21 ‘No unauthorized photocopying llrightsreserved. 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University Pros acini any eesponsibllty othe content twang: 978 0394575842 Isaw40: 019 75845 ‘ypesetin Minion by Ottord Univesity Press Print in Spin by Unigraf SL. ‘The autos nd pub are gual hse wh angen permis reproduce ‘he flowing eras and dapat of yg rater: 30 Michal Dell's ‘Working Day abridged and amended om an rice orignal published in ‘The Sidey Tons Busnes 1 December 2002. Reproduce by persion of Te ‘Stn Time po Cre card inventor des a 88 by Jie ne. Tse one) 27 November 2008 Repredacedby permission ofJamie Mine 26 Acomtherapy Firm Males Great Scents’ by Kate Magee, eg Erin Ft. 3 November 999 fom wirinutterburandaagecom Reprotuced Dy permision of Rate Magee, p52 tales set for record Christma’ by Nick Hopkin abridged an smended from an article originally pobisheu The Ths, 5 December 2003. Reproduced by permission of The Tins. hsraiorsy- Fred van Deelen pS Mark Drasey pp8 23.32.35, 39.48.9. 52,5, 6 Mark Dulin ppd i, 4,65; Sonia Exton p18: Ben Kirchner ppt 28.30.3747 Hensg ahlin pp 21, 22, 43,61, 62; ria Mulhern pi: ‘Am Pie po ‘eps wal Beto honk flowing fr permison rede ara: Alamy ppt fsaac Newnan). 3 (David rau 6 (eter "Ferase AP Photo pl Joe Cate Caloaste Gullsenian Foundation, Liskon p58 (eh Colectons p27 Olive Benn) orbs UK pp (Rob eine (Aton Daa 12 (lager Bal, 14 (Nik Wheeler 15 (LW Jones. 1 Timothy Faden} 20 chard. Nowa) 24 Jove luis Peer. Ine). 25 (Jel W. Roget 26 () ery Tobias) 28 ube Donasiy03, £270) Hans Georg Ro, 2 (Willa Whiteus), 2908 Bock), 51 (Ronse Kautmn-38 {Macduff Everton) 34} PreelanceConsiting ‘Semvice Py Ln} (7) aed Everton 35 bie Stenson), 38 (be) (Patrik ‘lardino), 38) Kevin R Mow 38 (Michael Prince) 42 (Frederic Pctia/Sygen) 44) el Beer (David Lawrence) 46 [Steve Raymer, ‘45 (Oba Steen Westen, 39 (br ube Stade) 35 (a (Rose Haran, 551 (WA) 5 (Gal Mooney) 86 (Caroline Penn), 5 () Hulton Deutsch Coteton), 60 (0 (dam Weel ety Images ppd (White Packer The Image Bak, 0 (Le Besit/Tan john Leis Pl p97 (ie Mary Bvans Picture ray p20: Oxford inert Press pp i). 64: Powerstock Superstok. 2 abin Andersons fotostock) 1 (Sper Stock: Rex Featres Pps) (aie Spr) 59 (Gees Was} 60() sPressSenepat Zook Pictures pp20 (or, 2006, 441)Contents 1 Anew job 4 2 Organizations and roles ° 3 Quality “4 4 Money 19 5 Import-Export. 23 6 Travel 30 7 Career prospects 36 8 Time is money 41 9 The customer 46 410 Business online 31 41 Not for profit 36 12 Problem-solving 61 Answer key 67A new job VOCABULARY 41 Gemma Scott is welcoming a group of new recruits to her company. Complete her introduction with words from the box. 2 Match the beginnings of words 1~10 to the endings a-j- + comp. a 2 emplo b uate 3 car cruit 4 deg lenge 5 exper e any 6 chal f league Tre & eer 8 col h ree 9 grad i ience 410 inter i yee 3 Now match the words you have made to these definitions. usiness someone who is paid by a firm the progress of your working life iniversity qualification _.. = things you have already done in your life ;omething difficult but satisfying someone new to a firm, or the army someone who works closely with you person who has successfully finished university meeting where you try to geta jobREADING 4. Read this extract of an article for people who are starting a new job and make a list of the dos and don'ts for each item in the list. eA Ee [00 con't Time-keeping = ben tne ~Teave ey. | Listening and speaking Making friends — - Comparing your old a company with the new one Office politics Sharing an office Basic jobs, e.. photocopying 2 Read these sentences and match them to the relevant sentences in the text. What iistake does the new recruit make in each case? I didn't go to university so I could make the coffee. Td like to begin the meeting by giving you my first impressions of the company. So, Cathy from Accounts is going out with Jason from Marketing! Tell me more! ‘Can I move my desk next to yours? I'd like to be near the window. Hiding the boss's car keys? What a great joke! In my old job we had a much better system. Sorry I'm late again ~ the bus service is so unreliable, You're right ~ Adrian is awful. Ican see why you don't like him. Anew jobanewion BD GRAMMAR 41 Complete these sentences with a form ofthe verb tobe. 1 There... three other people in my office, Michacl not the manager; Pamela ‘The invoices .__..__. not on my desk. Where they? au not late, 1?"No, but the others there a post office near here? We ready to start the meeting... you? 7‘... she new here?*Yes, she : ‘Complete these sentences with a form of have got. 1 She a corner office with a view of the park. 2 They some serious problems with their software, 3 Our secretary lasses a WE cess aBY coffee left ‘No, we air-conditioning?’ ‘No, long dark hair and round 5 Scum her new car it ; 6 Martin isn’t at work today because he a cold. 7 you ‘a minute, David?" No, I'm sorry Ym really busy at the moment? 3 Inwhich of the sentences in exercise 2 is have got used f= to express possession? = to talk about an illness? to give a description? Rewrite 4,5, and 7 from exercise 2 using have in place of hhave got, as inthe example. 4 Rowe have.any. ene. left2.No.we.don’ ut these sentences into the past simple. 1. Has she got the right qualifications? iid she have the right qualifications? 2. Weare ready for the meeting. 3 Do you have all the information? 4 Am I late? 5 What have you got? 8 Have they got the results? Complete the dialogue with a past form of the verb fo be. Look at these sentences. Which of the words in italics can / should be contracted? 1 “They are English, are not they?” “Yes they are? 2 ‘You are new here, are not your” ‘No, I am not? 3. “They have both got degrees, have not they?” “Well, she has, but he has not? 4. She has got a small room, but it has got a view of the park. 5 ‘She has got a company car, has not she?” “Actually she has not, it ishher own?DB Anew job 7 SPEAKING 41. Tricia Graham is doing a three-month placement in the Accounts Department of « large company. Rearrange the words and write what she says underneath 4 morning ~_my — good ~ Tricia ~ and ~ Department ~ name's ~ everyone ~ I'm — the ~ joining ~ Accounts. 2 a~I-in~my—year~ finance — of ~ second — degree — in — and ~ marketing — am. 3. jobs~ have ~ had ~ holiday my ~ in ~~ large. first — but - company ~ placement ~ this - is 4 provide — will - it~ with ~ me ~ experience — really — useful ~ practical some. 5 am-really— I you — working — looking ~ to ~ forward ~ all - with. 6 am—sure— you. — with — will lot —a — learn ~ three — during — my —- months ~ 2. Imagine a job or placement you would enjoy. Using what Tricia said as a model, present yourself to a group of new colleagues. Talk about: ‘= who you are, and grect them all which department you're working in / your role your recent experience / education your previous job / previous placements, etc. your feelings, hopes and ambitions. 3. Josh King is introducing Tricia to Sam Rogers, Head of Public Relations. Use the prompts to write their conversation,Anewiono ID WRITING 41 Henri Mesnier is joining the staff of GHB Bank. Complete the announcement about Henri from the Head of Human Resources, by matching the beginnings of sentences 1-Tto the endings a-g. We are delighted to announce that .. Henri will work in the International Ventures section, ‘Henri did a degree in finance and Not only does he have three years’ experience in the field ... ‘We feel certain that he will bea great asset .. He is a keen musician and singer ... ‘On behalf of the group I would like to welcome him to the team but he also has many useful contacts. ‘and wish him the best of success. Henri Mesnier is joining the staff in the new year. s0 we are hoping that we will have a new male voice in the choir, on Eastern European projects. ‘because he is bilingual in Polish and English, and speaks good Russian too. then went on to do research in risk analysi 2. Maite Foreman has been appointed toa job with Occident supermarkets, a hypermarket chain, Use the notes about her to create a similar notice for the staff notice board. Make sure that you use conjunctions such as and, so, and because. a Sa 4 7+ Organizations and roles VOCABULARY 11 Answer the clues to complete the puzzle. Position or function. A system with different levels of responsibility and importance. The Director is the person in charge of running a British company. A busines The person with overall responsibility. May also be 3. ‘The head of a section or department. To plan, arrange, and prepare. ‘The mother or father company? 9 Asection of a company responsible for a specific activity 10 A.company which belongs to, and is controlled by, another company. 11. The boss of a US company. 12 A diagram which explains the structure of a business or organization. 2. Rearrange the letters in brackets to make words which describe some of the people and departments in a business. 1 Tanswer the main phone and direct calls to other people in the organization, - (WISTCBHODAR OERAPTRO) 2 Pmthe ‘Manager. That means I'm in charge of buying the raw ‘materials and components that the business needs. (UPRCSAGINH) 3. My department deals with computers and communications. We call it IT for short (AINRMFNOTIO ECHTYONGOL) 4 Lwork in and development. We experiment with new ideas for products and test them, | (EHSRERAC) 5 Lam the most important person in any business, Without me the business wouldn't exist. 'm the (TUSCMORE)© oreanzatonsanaoes AD READING 41 Read about Michael Dell of Dell computers and complete the information about his life and a typical working day. Home town: . ‘Time travelling abroad: Number of trips to Europe and Asia: Atypical day 5.30 6.00-7.00 7.00-8.00 8.00 18.15) 2. You are talking to a friend about Michael Dell. Use t exercise 1 to complete the conversation.B Organizations and roles. 11 GRAMMAR 1 Sandrine Kepplar is the PA to Henry Strange, a chef who owns a restaurant in the city of London. Use the pictures and notes to write about Sandrine’s mor Sandrine gets.up.at fou.ticts gets dressed, and has a.cup of coffee. At five. fifteen she. takes a taxi to.the market where she meets her boss, Henry. Then. at. 2. Look at a typical month from Sandrine’s calendar. Write sentences which describe her habits and routines using adverbs of frequency sometimes / always / never, etc. MONDAY __| TUESDAY _| WEDNESDAY | THURSDAY | FRIDAY | SATURDAY | SUNDAY 1 2am [a dear ae | 5 eseck | reavente Baro | og 2 e ™ crs Som = amen | Boek | a 2 Bee |e = wea ae | aark | aravens 1 goes to gym cats out ae Re visits parents coe business travel works on Saturday goes to the cinema _n Organizations and roles SPEAKING 4 Cheryl Baxter is the manager of a factory warehouse. Complete what she says about her job with prepositions from the box. Read the information about Nathan Rowe. Using what Cheryl said as a model, write ‘what Nathan says about his job. Name: Nathan Rowe Job title: Customer Relations Assistant Responsibilities: Send out information and brochures about the company. Provide information to journalists and prepare press releases. Check that facts are correct. Edit the company magazine. Immediate boss: Carole Harper, Head of Public Relations Overall boss: Charlene Richards, Director of Marketing. Well. Nathan, Rowe aidan... . Jenny McMillan has just joined the company where Nathan works. Complete her conversation with Nathan.i B Organizations and roles 13 WRITING 11 Your friend Xavier is applying for « holiday job. He has asked you to check the letter before he sends it. Correct and rewrite it below. 2. Use the prompts to write a reply to Xavier's letter. Dear Mr Massenet, Further / your letter / concern / temporary work /I/ be / happy / inform you / that Bodger’s / recruit / shop assistant / the Christmas period. Tenclose / copy / terms / conditions / together / list / particular vacancies. ‘We look forward to / receive / your completed application form / near future. Yours sincerely, Delilah Winterbottom / Human Resourcesuality VOCABULARY 41 Angie Jones is organizing a work conference. She is looking at brochures and discussing hotel accommodation for delegates with Dennis, a colleague. Complete the conversation with words and expressions from the box. indi i Sea or 2-_Rearrange the letters in brackets to complete these sentences. 1 [want to retum this hairdryer its __. and has never worked properly. (ALUYFT) 2K is usually a symbol of quality. (RDNAB) 3. The sales assistant was very , ___and gave me some good advice, (EFLUPHL) Tam looking for a car which won't break down. (RIEBALEL) 5 Wethought we had founda. but im the end you get what you pay for! (ABGANIR) 6 Ifyou don't replace this Iam going to complain to your ! (HAED FOCEFI) 7 Our quality control department is there to check and... production, (OMNoRIT) 8 This letter is full of _. 1 Please type it again. (ISAMTESK)3) Quality 5 READING 11 Read the article and decide if statements 1-8 are true (7) or false (F). Something which costs alot and is of poor quality is good value for money. __ Value for money is the key to success for consumer brands. . It is hard to hurt an established brand. __ ‘The jewellery shop owner admitted the quality of his goods was poor. Quality matters less for ‘downmarket’ products. Car manufacturers find it difficult to improve quality. _ ‘The editor discovered a serious mistake on the magazine's cover. ‘The writer believes that the editor acted reasonably. 2. Read these comments and match them to speakers a-d below. This is a complete disaster! There's a spelling mistake on page 93. 2. Well, why don't we look at what our competitors are doing? We could probably learn something from them. | This is good quality and it’s fair price, I think I'l buy it again. Of course it’s poor quality ~ but what do people expect for such a low price! _ the jewellery chain owner the magazine editor a production manager customerQuality B GRAMMAR 41 Complete the conversations using the present simple or _2__A radio reporter is interviewing shoppers in a large the present continuous form of the verbs in brackets department store during the Christmas sales. Complete the interview using the present simple or the present 1 ‘Someone (shout) in the conference continuous form of the verbs in brackets room. What (happen)? “Mr Haynes ___ (argue) with the Sales Manager again’ 2 T__., (wait) for that report you promised. Where is it? q _.. (finish) it right now. Just give me ten more minutes! 3 ‘What __ you usually. (do) at lunchtime?” SUgenerally so (bring) a sandwich and cat it in the park, But today 1 __ (have) Junch in the canteen. 4° ‘Goodness me! What. Maxine (do)? She (look) really angry? ‘She (try) to fix the photocopier. She always (get) angry when she sone (40) that? 5 ‘Howoften you. (travel) overseas on business?” SL ccsanssnsen (G0) abroad for work just once or twice a year’ 6 ‘Where __ you generally (tay) when you (come) to London’? ‘Well, usually (stay) at the Ramada Lodge, but this time I coon (tay) at the Hilton? 7 ‘Why Mrs Henderson (sit) in reception?” “She (want) to see Tony Pearce’ 8 “What your job (involve)? ‘Well, (check) each item for quality. When it (arrive) 1 . (pick) it up and examine it. Today I (examine) an order of components; we __. (Send) them to our factory in Ireland. * seconds = goods which are not perfectJ euaty SPEAKING 1 Hackett’ garages used to have complaints about the quality oftheir car services. Them, (7) they changed to a total quality checklist system. ‘The pictures show the service procedure at Hackett’s garage. Match pictures 1-7 to sentences ag below. After that we put the car through the car wash and vacuum the interior. Then we phone the customer who comes to pick up the ear. d Finally, we hand over the keys ~ after he has paid the bill, of course! Next we check the brakes and the engine and make sure that everything is working properly. © Sonow we fill in the service book and write down the date of the next f First ofall we check the tyres, lights, and everything outside the car. 8 Secondly, we check all of the fluids - oil, brakes, and so on. | 2a The pictures below show stages at a glassware factory. Match them to stages 14. 1 blow the glass | 2. glass goes to the glass cutter 3 inspector checks the final item and gives a certificate, if perfect | 4 perfect item goes to packing department t b Now write down the series of procedures which the factory follows. Use phrases from the box to describe the sequence of the actions.18 Quality WRITING 41 Cross out the word in each pair which is not spelt correctly 1 2 3 4 5 6 adress / address ‘occasion / occassion definate / definite recieve / receive commitment / committment necessary / neccesary 2. Choose the correct alternatives to complete the email.ppp : Money VOCABULARY 4. Answer the clues to complete the crossword. Seven across has been done as ‘an example. Across 2. ‘Ohno! We are in the (colour) again this month. How do we spend so much money?” 4 Metal money. 7 ‘What's the exhange rate between the euro and the dollar this week?” 11 A printed lst of the money going into and out of your account every month 12 Something which tells you what you have to pay for services or goods. 44 ‘Great! There’s more money in my bank than I thought!” Down 1. VISA, Mastercard, ete. (two words) 2 Appiece of paper which shows what you bought, and proves how much you paid for something 3. Pieces of paper that are printed by a bank which you write on to pay for something. 5 ‘You... me €50, when are you going to pay me back?” 6 The official money of a country or region, eg. US dollar, the euro, 8 Paper money. 9 The noun from ‘to pay” « 40 Where to keep your money safe. 13 ‘Tdidn’t have enough money to buy the car so I asked my brother for aMoney BD j 2 Complete the text with words from the box. 3. Match the multi-word verbs in italics to their meanings a-e. Please make out your cheque to Hannah Green and associates. _. It takes my bank two working days to carry out even a simple transaction, Could you fill in this form with your personal details, please. _ Td like to pay this cheque into my savings account, please. We need to take out lots of cash to pay the workmen. to make a deposit to perform to remove / take away to complete with information ‘to write the name of a person or business on a cheque 4 Some key banking words are built around the verb draw. Study the words in context in sentences 1-3, then choose the correct alternative in sentences a-c below. 1. Good morning, like to withdraw €1,000 in cash from my current account, please, 2 Ohno, look at this letter from the bank. We are €300 overdrawn. How has this happened? 3. Good news ... the bank has agreed to increase the firm's overdraft. Ifyou are overdrawn, your account is negative ! positive. Ifyou have an overdraft, the bank owes you money / you owe money to the bank € Ifyou withdraw money from your account (make a withdrawal) you put money in{ take money out.| a) READING 1. Read the article and match the underlined words and expre a-fbelow. carried over each month per ® household last year was store which issued it. a ahome paying for things without handling real money € a missing service / product which is identified as a b 500), triple the average of $3,000 (£1,800) in 1990. In Britain, the average UK today owes more than £6,000 on credit and ‘store cards. ‘card = a kind of credit card which you can use to buy goods in the 81-6 to definitions edit card inventor dies at 88 man who millions of shoppers have to thank ~ or blame — for the state of finances has died aged 88. In 1958, during the US post-war "consumer ‘American bank executive Joseph Williams invented an early version of the em-day Visa card, The Diners Club card already existed and allowed shoppers * casheless transactions. But the “balance had to be paid off in full within 30 days. Some banks offered credit on their bank cards, but these could not be d nation-wide. Williams saw *a.gap in the market for a card that could be ‘across the country, He and his team began distributing the BankAmerica {n California. Over the next ten years the card was ® licensed by other banks, it was finally renamed the Visa card in 1970. Now, there are an estimated ‘major credit cards in circulation in the US. The average US credit card nearly $9,000 88 opportunity 4d. aperiod when business is good because people are spending more € the final amount owing in an account {given permission to do something in return for money 2. Complete the table about the cards which are mentioned. can ADVANTAGES ’s Club (in 1958) Early bank cards offered credit BankAmerica / Visa I Disabvantaces / CONDITIONS| debts can build up 3 Label the timeline with key details about the evolution of the credit card, taken from the text > ti—i 1958, 19605 1970 card was licensed by the banks Nowadays Money 2Money wD J 1 There aren't ‘we make it work? instructions in the box, how do 2 Have you got ._.__.. minute, Janice? I'd like to have _... word about that report. 3 There isn’t coffee left, shall I make 4 Would you like biscuit? They're really delicious, 5 ‘Dowe have photocopy paper left?” “Yes, there's. packet in the cupboard.” Can I make phone call? 7 Itseleven o'clock: time for ____. cup of tea. Is there news about the delivery from Germany? GRAMMAR 41 Decide if these words are countable (©) or uncountable 3 Complete these sentences with much / many or a lot of w. lots of problem news 1 How ‘weeks’ holiday do you have a information account year? hour phone call 2 There are _ problems with the new advice trouble version of the HJ90. paper money 3. Their brochure doesn't have very... change coffee information, we'll need to ask the salesman time cup of coffee = questions. briefcase banknote 4 Will there be people at this year’s newspaper _ conference? i 5 Wedon't have _. money in this year’s 2. Complete these sentences with a, some, or any. Nai meer ciaabic Do you have Spanish customers? There hasn't been progress with the negotiations. people spend more than they earn, ‘There doesn't seem to be point in complaining, Nothing ever changes, 10 There are of people waiting for the shop to open, ‘Complete the table with pronouns based on some, no, ‘any, and every. Then use words from the table to complete the sentences below. + ® ue at somewhere anywhere something nothing anything 1 1n0 one/body everyone/ body 1 Lean't find that invoice Pve looked for it ~1 wonder where it can be. 21s __.. $oing to the conference in Geneva next weekend? 3 Is. the matter?” “Yes, 1 Thate my job, and. likes me at work? 4 rang, but they didn’t want to leave a ‘name or message. 5. ‘Have you been out?! “Pe been us + ve been in my office all ‘morning? 6 OK + please stop talking and listen carefully. 7 an is wrong with the photocopier again,E w . Money B SPEAKING 41 Rearrange the words to make a short telephone conversation. 2. Use the prompts to make a telephone conversation.ca Money WRITING Decide if the verbs in the box mean movement up, movement down, or staying the same. Write , dor => 2. Choose the correct alternative in the these sentences, Yesterday, the dollar fll / elt by three cents. Last week interest rates raised / rase to 7%. The euro has performed well opposite / against the Swiss franc. Sales dropped by /for two million units. Share values have fallen by / over the past nine months. ‘The pound has gone up since / from we heard the news. We borrowed €6,000 on /in February. ‘The money markets had a shock on / for Wednesday. 3 In New York, Betsy Bremner has opened a small waxwork museum of famous businesspeople past and present. Using the notes, write a short text about visitors to the museum over the past year. A B z Sp ieee ee {Comparson Of this year against last year: NUMBER OF VISITORS. INCOME in USS Month lLast year___[This year__|Last year__|This year Jan 1,000, 1,500) 5,000) 7,500 Feb 1,500 7,500) 7,500) 7,500) March 2,000] 2,500, 10,000| 12,500 ‘Apiil 2,000] 3,000, 10,000] 15,000) May 3,000 3,500 15,000|___ 17,500) une 3,500 3,500, 17,500) 17,500) uly 4,000, 4,500 20,000, 20,000) [11 Aug 4,000) 4,000,20,000' 20,000, 12 Sept 3,000 12,500| 15,000 13 Oct 2,000, 5,000, 10,000 14 Nov 1,500) 5,000) 7,500) | 15 Dec F 7,500) 5,000 7,500) 16 Total 26,000| 32,000, 130,000, 160,000 7 - 18 os -Perro | 5 Import—Export VOCABULARY 1. Decide if each word in italicsis a verb (V) or a noun (N). 1. The firm imports (I wine from South America 2. Exports Care up this year. 3 We really need to export C] more and reduce our imports, C) 4. What import 3 does your firm need most? 4. Well, we are aiming at Australians and New Zealanders of Scottish origin who still have sentimental feelings about the old country. They are our... market. 2. Our product only appeals to people with a specialized interest. Focusing on such Bcc Matket is a tisk but we have customers in thirty-seven countries 0 fat, and sales are growing all the time. 3. Most of our sales are to customers who live in this country. We focus on the market. 4 Itis certainly getting more difficult to survive. There are too many other ‘manufacturers offering similar products. It's such a market 5 Over 90% of our production is for export to Europe, Asia, Latin America, and the US, We focus om the ue Market, i ‘Complete these sentences about types of market with a word from the box. | , i | 3. Anexpert is talking about the advantages of exporting for small businesses. Complete the text with words from the box.Import-Export wD 7 READING 41 Aromatherapy uses aromatic plant extracts and oils for healing and cosmetics. Read how a small English company imports raw materials and exports its products around the world, and make questions for the answers below. 1 What does.the firm.da?. I sells essential oils, perfumes, and cosmetics to aromatherapists worldwide. 2 When on In 1983, at the beginning of development of aromatherapy. | 9 HOW en remem — a t ‘They read about it in books by herbalists and scientists. 4 Why - To find out how essential oils were used in Ancient Egyptian cosmet 5 How ? Fe uses ito test the quality of every sample of oil. 6 How co nnn z Just six. 2a Make alist of what Butterbur & Sage imports, and from which countries. bb Make alist of the place stated in the tex).fE B Inor-E ; GRAMMAR 1 Put these past simple verbs in the correct column, according to how we say their -ed ending. 2. Complete the text withthe past simple form ofthe verb in brackets. 3 Imagine that you are interviewing Mary. Write questions for her answers. 1 When did you.see.the pottery. you liked?. “While I was on holiday in Portugal? DOWNY “Because I thought I could sell them in my shop in London? 3) What 2 “Well, [took some samples back to show my business partner, Gareth, and we decided to buy direct from craftsmen 4 Why 2 “We decided that we wanted to cut out the mi 5 Dsees and OW a nuemnnnnnnnnn =? “We bought a small lorry and drove it to Spain and Portugal’ 6 Did 2 “Well, it broke down once, but it wasn’t very serious?Inport BD SPEAKING 41. Write what you would say in these short telephone exchanges. 2. Youare calling Universal Exporters. You want to talk to Hannah Johnson in Overseas Sales about an invoice which hasn't been paid. Write the conversation.2 Import-Export 2» WRITING 4. Choose the correct endings (a-e) for these sentences, then write the letter. Begin ‘Dear Sir or Madam: Further to your advertisement... Tam writing to enquire would like to stock these aid similar items... In addition, pease could you send me would also welcome a visit from. in my chain of party and novelty shops in the south of England. ‘one of your sales team to discuss matters further. Yours faithfully, Isabella Hawkins ‘¢ about your selection of masks and costumes. din last month’s edition of Pasty World, fe some brochures and catalogues to the above address. “Match the formal expressions 1-8 o the informal expressions a-h. 4. items talk about 2. inaddition _ basa result of 3 please could you supply me © Twant 4 stock d_ things 5 discuss another thing 6 enquire # send me 7 further to ask about 8 Twould like h_ keep in the shop or warehouse Your friend, Larry, has asked you to look ate letter he wants to send. Rewrite the letter, using more appropriate language,Travel VOCABULARY 41 Match words 1-8 with words a-h to make two-word nouns about travel. 1 hand a card 2 business number 3 baggage luggage 4 boarding agent 5 travel e claim 6 departure airline 7 flight class 8 budget h lounge 2 Complete these sentences with words from exercise 1 1 When possible, we use a budget airline instead of an expensive national one. 2 You can't take this on the plane as_____. it’s far too big. 3. Her firm always uses the same. forall its travel arrangements. 4 Listen, they are calling our Oh no, there's another delay. 5 The firm is trying to save money so we can't travel any more. 6 There isn’t a seat number on your + you ean sit wherever you want. 7m going to buy a newspaper, I'll see you in the a | 8 Thad to wait halfan hour at the for my suitcase to arrive 3 Rearrange the letters in brackets to complete these sentences. 1 The in my hotel are awful, there isn’t even a mini-bar or TV in my room. (ASCEILFITI) 2. All the major companies in the field are represented at this year’s (EIBXHITINO) 3. The firm pays all my ‘except for personal things like newspapers and souvenirs. (EPNEESSX) 4 Ididn’t hear anything new at the Twas the same speakers as usual saying the same old thing, (NCFECENREO) 5 Our was very popular at last year’s trade fair. We had hundreds of visitors. (DSATN)READING 41 Read the article and find the numbers which correspond to '= the increase in passengers each year. f= the number of business travellers to the UK last year f= the number of times Martin Warne visited Amsterdam. f= the time he has to get up to catch his flight. the number of years of Antonia Shakespeare’ career. Business travel continues to grow by around halfa million people a year, despite | altematives such as fax, email, and tele-conferencing. Last year 14.8 million ‘business passengers flew in and out of the UK. So how does all that travel affect "business people? “Thave visited Amsterdam more than 50 times in two years and have only seen the airport, the office, and the hotel,” says Duncan Blaine, a 35-year-old ‘elecommunications executive. Getting up at 5.30 a.m. is very stressful. I always ‘worry whether the car will turn up, and ifthere ae any delays on the road or atthe airport which could mess up my schedule. A fist couldnt sleep the night before! _ Allthe travel sounded exciting in the beginning, but the reality is very different. ‘Antonia Shakespeare has been a frequent traveller during her 22-year career in the fashion industry. She believes business travel has become more stressful as it "has become more common. ‘As your life gets fuller, with chiléren and 50 on, it “becomes more difficult,” she says. ‘But its not just to do with age. Modern ‘communications mean that you have to stay in touch with the office all the time ~ except when you are actually onthe plane! When you get tothe hotel you have to _ cheek your emails. In the past when you were away, no one expected to be in «constant contact with you. These days you have to take the in-tray with you, and | managing your work from afar can be very difficult, especially if youre in a different time zone.” f , 2. Choose a,b, or to complete these sentences, 1. Developments in communication technology . 2 mean that people travel less on business. b_ have not stopped more people travelling on business. ¢ have encouraged people to travel more. 2. When Duncan Blaine goes on trips to Amsterdam ... his activities are extremely limited. b_ he has an exciting time after work che feels it is like a holiday. 3. Blaine a. feels relaxed about travelling. b_ worries about what could go wrong. looks forward to his trips. 4 Antonia Shakespeare thinks business travel is a difficult without children. b easier when we are older. getting harder. 5. Shakespeare believes that modern technology has __. for business travellers. a created more stress improved working in different time zones a Travel 31rave Dp 3 GRAMMAR 1. Choose the correct alternative in these sentences. 4_ Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 1 How long for/ since / ago did she phone me? 41) Lam in the Marketing Department since nine 2. They have supplied us for /since/ago 1987. months Before that, have worked in Production, 3. ight yeas fr/ since /ago we were the market a ed leader in this sector. 4. Tor] Since / Age then our competitors have taken 2 have ben to the Hamburg factory for thrce years marketshare away. ag0. 5. My uncle worked inthe same office for since / ago a twenty-three years 3 She works in this branch for three months. 6 Jerry Graham isn’t pleased. He has been in Reception for / since / ago the last three hours. so 2. Complete the text with the past simple or the present 4 When have you joined this company? perfect form of the verb in brackets. namin ~ 5 Have you ever been to the old Soviet Union? 3 Rearrange the words in these sentences. 1. you ~did~ trip —have~ successful a? 2. seen ~have ~ not — long - I - time — for — you 3 ever have ~ you ~ our—been ~ factory — to — Munich? 4 supplied — have — we — years ~ them past ~ with ~ parts — for — spare ~ thirty ~ the. 5 what— the ~is- mistake - your ~ biggest - you ever ~ have - in — job ~made?E wD Travel 3 SPEAKING 4. Write what you would say in situations 1-6 using the words given. 4. You are on the telephone but you can’t hear the other person very well. Ask them to speak more loudly. (sorry / up?) Sorry.L.can’t hear. yeu very. well. Could you speak mp, please. 2. You want someone to say something again. (repeat?) 3° Someone at a meeting tells you their name. You hear their first name, but not their second name. What do you say? (afraid / catch / surmame) 4 You want to check with the person you are speaking to if the information you have is correct. (let / read / back) 5 Youhave asked a ticket clerk for some information about train times. You are not sure if she said 9.15 or 9.50. (sorry / did / 9.15 /9.502) 6 You want to check if the person you are speaking to has understood the information you've given them. (got / all that?) | 2. Saul Norris is making a hotel reservation by telephone but the line is bad. Use the ‘prompts to write the conversation.a Travel a WRITING 41 A pharmaceutical company is organizing a trip to Scotland for some of its key ‘customers. Sandi Baxter has sent an email to Maurice Harper, the European Sales ‘Manager. Complete the text with words from the box. 2 Sandi has phoned Maurice about the arrangements. Read what she ssid and complete ‘the final itinerary which she emails to him,BD Career prospects VOCABULARY 1 Complete these sentences by combining the beginnings of words in italics with endings from the box. } Tam going to study business manage. in the States. She is atop execut.__ in a soft-drinks company, Leader... courses are a waste of times ether you're a leader or you're not. Al new staff go on a sales train, course. 1 2 3° Can you tell the train_____ on this list that their certificates have arrived. 4 5 6 Employees need some motivat____ to work well. 2. Match the beginnings of sentences 1-7 with endings a-g, | 1 What kind of career 2 course was a complete waste of time 2 She tried to appear confident in the skills and has become a better interview but her body presenter. 3. Noteveryone shares her business ¢ language showed she felt nervous. 4 Henry isn’t avery good team goals, and knows how to plan for the fature 5 Hehas improved his © prospects does this job offer? communication 6 Werthought that the taining . vision forthe development of the company. 7A good leader has long-term § member; he only thinks of his own personal successREADING 4 Angus Rossiter, a life insurance salesman, is giving some advice to new members of the sales force. Read the text and complete the MEN column in the table. 1 suit and tie ‘in office jobs knowing what to wear int a problem. We just copy our colleagues. But it's less ‘obvious for insurance salesmen like us, who see clients from different backgrounds, This is Why | try to visualize the person I'm meeting and dress accordingly | am not suagesting that we should become chameleons, but itis useiul to keep different changes of clothes in your car when you have several vist, What helps me most isto think of three dress levels. Level 1 is my suit and tie look, when | need to look my most professional ~ say when | am signing up a businessman. Level 2 is business casual you know, a jacket and tie and smart trousers. Level 3 i for meetings in more relaxed surroundings. This is when Id wear polo shirts and chinos, but never jeans or a Tshirt The important thing to remember isnot to dress at a evel below our clients, or two levels above them either. This could make ail the difference between getting or losing that contract. It doesnt pay to look too well dressed or successful ether ~ clients think that you are geting fich on them, Oh and one last thing. drive an average saloon for your work and keep the Porsche for the weekend — or else park it round the corner: 2. Imagine what a woman salesperson’ three dress levels would be, and complete the ‘WOMEN column in the table. 3 Look at the cartoons and write the mistakes that the salesman has made in each case. Career prospects 37Career prospects Dp } GRAMMAR 3. Continue the comparison between all three companies, complete the sentences using good, beter, he best bad, PCF isn't as big as but is worse, the wort than ____s BOC in the : ‘The company with the mos satised employees is People who work at BCC are 4 Say which companies would be best for these two people, a Barry Green Barcy is married with three small children. He ‘would like to work in a big organization. For him ajob is just a job. Barry should work for because THE BLUE uoMENA [aRowoRD The worst choice of company for him would be cowpurer |coswerics | consutranrs ee conroravion [ao perrune |(HC) a 4 (Bcc) (PCF) ~ —_—_<—§ Seated: | 7 | gy eed b Samantha King salary Samantha isa recent Working |. Sees ‘graduate, She wants a conditions satisfying job with good Size of ‘working conditions. She is connanys [Sette ttt as less worried about the Eps starting salary as she has + + lee , satisfacton| wae no commitments. & Samantha should work for 1 PCFhas working conditions. BCC eee has E 2 Stas eee ~~ than at ‘The worst choice of company for her would be PCE but not as, as at BCC. bee 3 Working conditions at HC are _ than ai 7 those at PCE, but not as as BCC. 5 : 4 The starting salary at PCF is ofall three companies. 2. Which firm: 1 isthe biggest? 2 isthe smallest? 3 has the most satisfied employees? 4 has the least satisfied employees?| care pried : SPEAKING 4. Use the prompts to give some advice to someone who is preparing for an interview. 4 remember / take / copy / your CY. Remember.te.ake. copy of your. CM. 2 be/ good idea / research / company / interviewers. 3. make sure / have haircut / clothes look clean. 4 try/ find out / how people dress / organization. 5 never /eat onions or garlic / night before / or wear / lots / make-up / perfume. 6 it's a good idea go / bed early / have / good night’ sleep. 7 you / better / use two alarm clocks / so / wake up / time! 8 not forget / have a good breakfast. 2 Usethese notes to produce some advice about how to behave during an interview. © smile and shake hands 77 © listen carefully to questions VA © have some questions you can ask at the end vw © sit up straight/look enthusiastic 7 © identify the key interviewer / © talk about money at a first meeting XX © play with jewellery or cross your arms XXXCareer prospects WRITING Harry Procter equips shops and business premises. Last week he met Pauline Wang, an interior designer, at the Chamber of Commerce annual dinner. [Re-arrange the sentences to write his emai.| 7 Time is mone VOCABULARY 4. Complete sentences 1-7 eae ea ‘We didi’ take a single order at the trade fair, it was a complete Hurry up, otherwise the meeting will be OVEE neu, WE Bet there, lease start arriving _. «You've been late three times this week. One way you can is by doing two tasks at the same time. We need to look into ways of reducing our __.s three months from order to delivery is far too long. Let’s not une Worrying about the past —let’s think about the future. Don't expect fast results. Establishing a product in the market 1g these expressions based around time. 2. Read the clues and solve the anagrams to complete the puzzle. 1 Seventh month. (ULJY) 2. Aplan of times and work/ visits. (CESEHDUL) 3. Move an appointment to a time in the future. (EOSPTOPN) 4 Opposite of early. (ALET) 5 A busy factory may organizes its workers into three of eight hours. (THSIFS) 6 The final time when something has tobe finished. | (EDALIEDN) 7 Tobeontime. (ULNTPCUA) 8 A book of dates where you write the times and dates of your meetings. (IARYD) 9. Anarranged meeting. (PNTAOINTEMP) 40 A\list giving the times of trains or buses. (IEMBTLTEA) What time expression is in the shaded column?2 Time is money READING 41 Read the text, written by an economist, about employment costs. Decide if statements 4-8 are true (7) or false (F) according to the economist. For many businesses time (in particular the workers’ time) equals money’ ~ this is why ‘businesses in developed economies with high employment costs are always searching for ways 10 cut their costs. ‘Two main approaches are open to businesses: to invest in technology and reduce the number ‘of man hours spent on the various tasks ofthe job, orto relocate production to countries with lower labour costs. In the first approach, equipment replaces human labour. Machines and robots can work twenty four hours a day, don't go on strike, and never take time off for lunch or holiday! In the second, Jabourintensive jobs, such asin the clothing or footwear industries, are exported to countries where wages are comparatively low and employment law is less strict. Some economists argue that laws designed to improve workers’ social protection have led to ‘many workers losing their jobs. Manufacturing is fast disappearing in some European countries 25 factories are moved to countries where wages are lower. Relocation to other countries is also affecting service industries. In Britain, jobs in some call Centres have vanished down cables to English-speaking workers in India or the Philippines. Western society could eventually end up with a few highly-tained and well-paid worker technica fields, with armies of low-skilled workers struggling to make a living in the minimum wage service industries 1. Businesses are always looking for ways to cut costs. ‘There are a large number of ways to cut labour costs Investing in machines and equipment can reduce the need for ‘human labour. Social protection can lead to job loss Service industries are protected from these changes. A lot of people may be condemned to working in low-paid jobs. just read, 2 Complete the notes to produce a summary of the article you have _TIME = MONEY In developed countries labour costs are high becauseGRAMMAR 11 We ofien use the present continuous to talk about arrangements. Put the verbs in brackets into the present continuous to complete the conversation. 2. Felicity has invited two colleagues, Jacob and Harriet, for lunch in a restaurant. Choose the correct alternatives to complete their conversation. Time is money 3) What do you say in these situations? Complete the sentences using will or going to, It’s your boss, Anna's, birthday and you don't know ‘what to buy her. Suddenly you have a brilliant idea and tell your colleague, ‘Tknow! 1 a : ‘The phone is ringing in the office. Your colleague starts to move towards the phone. What do you say? “Its OK, Sophie. Don’t get up. 1 answer it? You are about to give a presentation about the history of your company. How do you begin your talk? “Thank you for coming, Today I eee talk about the early days of the company, back in the 1970s: ‘Ten minutes later you see another colleague by the coffee machine, Tell him what present you have decided to buy Anna, “Hi, Mare. Guess what ? ‘You have just been on a weekend course for entrepreneurs. You feel highly motivated and have decided to set up your own company before your next birthday. Tell your friend about your decision. “Everything is decided.“ Time is money wD SPEAKING 41 Look at these sentences to do with making arrangements, then match them to functions a-h below. PM just check my diary. Tl get back to you. Would Tuesday suit you? Shall we say seven o'clock? ‘That will be fine. I'll see you then. Tm sorry, but 'm flying to Munich on Monday... TPve got another appointment. 'm afraid I can't make it next Monday. agrees to a time says you are about to check your availability suggests a day for a meeting apologizes for not being able to come to a meeting on Monday says you will phone the other person again (with information) explains why someone is not free asks ifa time is convenient describes a future travelling arrangement a » c d e f 8 h 2 Jane Watson and Ben Hall are arranging to meet. Use the picture clues and phrases from exercise 1 to complete their conversation.Time is money WRITING 1. Read this informal email and use the information and the prompts below to write a more formal email to Mary Sharpe, who is also going to be present at the meeting. 2. Write a reply from either Mary Sharpe or Jenny O'Leary, to Steve.woe The customer VOCABULARY 41 Rearrange the letters in brackets to complete the sentences. | We never money on things people buy in the sale. (EFDRNU) People say that the is always right, but I'm not so sure. (USCOTRI ‘We are still waiting for the of the sofa we bought. (DLIVYERE) | ifococoneesia tock oS orllandpatend sa fol “(1SOCUTm We don’t have it in stock but I could one for you. (ROEDR) | [always try to greet my customers by name. (EGURLRA) There is a growing towards out-of town shopping centres, 2 (TEDRN) They are very They expect 100% commitment. (EANNGMDID If we change the price we risk losing our customers, (OCER) 2. Anexpertis talking about changes inthe way manufacturers respond to the demands of customers. Complete the text with words and expressions from the box. “Techniques of mass production are much more sophisticated than in the old days. Before, you had to be satisied with a... Product, ike everyone else; but modern computer technology now allows manufacturers to incorporate different? without interrupting the smooth running of the 3___....... line. Even ifthe finished product isnt exactly 4 » it satisfies a large number of the customer's © me aN) requirements. This is likely to continue as competition between manufacturers becomes even stronger. This desir to please is carried into the __ trade. Attentive fe service and customer satisfaction are important features of customer relationship management 3 Choose the correct alternative in these sentences. 1 How much did you pay / pay for your car? 2 We should pay / pay fr this bill. 3. We paid / paid for alot of money. 4 Who paid / paid for the tickets? 5 How much this costs / does this cost? 6 Iteosts to me / me three hundred euros a month to rent this office. 7 The cost / spend of commuting to London keeps going up. 8 The meal costed / cost sixty euros per person. 9 Don't go to that shop, the costs / prices are too high. 40 I can’t afford / payit, it’s much too expensive. 14. The firm can't afford paying / to pay higher wages. 12 Pllsce you later. I'm going / doing shopping 43, Have you done the shopping / shopping yet?—— or? READING 1. Read the story and put the pictures A-H in the correct order. Last winter my husband and | saw an advertisement in the local paper for a second-hand car ‘hich interested us. When we arrived at the garage two salesmen were deep in conversation, ‘ter a couple of minutes they finaly noticed us, so | asked about the car in question, They just ‘waved towards the two hundred or so used vehicles outside. It was a cold winter's day and they had no intention of leaving their warm premises to show us the cars. We were angry at such casual treatment and we didn't want to waste any more time there, On impulse, we went to rival dealership next door. By now itwas lunch time and the showroom Was empty except fora salesperson sitting behind her desk, about to attack a deicious-looking sandwich. She immediately greeted us and asked some questions about the kind of vehicle we were looking fr. She then showed us one which corresponded exactly to our needs. She told us that we were in luck because for that month only there was a discount on that very model. ‘Ten minutes later we had chosen the colour and placed the order. When we walked by the first showroom | saw one of the original salesman standing by the window. | couldn't resist showing (ur copy of the order to him as I passed. 2. Complete the answers to these questions. 4. How did the writer find out about the second-hand car? She saw 2 Why didn't the salespeople talk to the customers when they arrived? Because they _. 3. Why didn't the salesmen show the customers where the car was? ‘They didn’t want 4 Had the writer already planned to go to the other dealership? Nowit 5. How did the second salesperson know which car to recommend? She 6 What encouraged the customers to place their order? ‘That month there was 7 Why do you think the customer waved the order at the first salesman? She wanted to make him 3, Read the text in exercise 1 again and find words which mean: not new car /lorry / bus, ete place of business a competitor a business which sells cars from just one manufacturer where companies display their goods the version of a car _ 2 a reduction in the usual price The customer “7 ‘SPECIAL OFFER« The customer GRAMMAR 1 Its the frst day of Walter's new job, but he is already dreaming about the future. Use the prompts to write his thoughts. + work hard / become a salesman If Lwork har become. a salesman. ae 2 when / salesman / sell more cars than anybody else. 3. if/ become successful salesman / not have to worry about money. 4 have// plenty / money / not have to work / anyone else. 5 have my own branch / be best in the country. if / become famous / ask me to speak at conferences. 7 if / speak at conferences / write my own book. 8 when my book /be bestseller / have own TV show. Petra has some difficult decisions to make, She has been offered a job in the Moscow branch of her company. She has listed some advantages and disadvantages of staying in London or of going to Moscow. Write paragraphs balancing the available choices. Stay in London ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES be wear friends relationship with boyfriend Simon going nowhere cond Family parents control my fife now the, job Zh $0 bored Ill ‘nice Hot gee onlary 0 to Moscow ADVANTAGES DxSADVANTAGES free from Family won't Know anyone gerabye to Sinonl snot snderstand anyone car Learn Rutssinn have 40 learn a new job feorn to play bolodnixn homesick? ge te ballet wry week winter weather worse than London change mip image! have to find new Plat od for my enreor exciting experienceThe customer SPEAKING 1 Look at a-f below. Which form of the verb follows these different ways of making suggestions? Use the verb in brackets in the correct form to write sentences, a Shall we begin? (begin) e Lets (buy) b Howabout2(go)—f Whatabout _..? (apply) © Why don't _.. Pvisit) Couldn't we . _? (hire) d What ifwe ..? (send) 2. Using the prompts, write what you could say in these situations. 1. Everyone has arrived so you think it is time to begin the meeting. Shall we 4 start now that everyone is here? 2 You are losing core customers to a competitor. You think it would be a good idea to introduce a loyalty card. Why don't i z 3 You think that local radio would be @ good way of advertising your service. What about 4 You think it would be a good idea to offer a 10% discount to your customers. What if __ ai bs ee ee 5 You think you should change the colour of your product packaging, Couldn't 3. Joy, Adrian, Francine and Dawn are having a meeting about their offic’s Christmas party. Use the prompts and the expressions in 1 to write their conversation. “DJ =disc jockey: someone who provides and plays music at a club / party.naoe DOP PDP PPP DD WRITING 41 Match definitions 1-6 with the words a-f 1. What you need to find somewhere new. a motorway 2 Arroad where you can drive fast. > straight 3. Where you leave or join a road. directions 4 Not turing left or right. _ roundabout 5 What you read or follow on aroad...€ junction 6 A traffic circle. f signs 2. Felix Brown, a computer expert from Softsolutions, is coming to see visit you. He is ‘going to set up a new network in your new offices. Use this information to complete the fax covering sheet. Felix’s fax number is 01224 976865, 3 Study the maps and notes, and write some directions for Felix. Remember to use the imperative! fea motorway peetion I fellow Signs city comtne Straight oer two rownclatadds 1 at Hind romrclateut - seoondl exit sign "Hallow Fietels” traffic tights Legh secomcl turning right 100 metnes Tees “comtung Gate” we'ne on thincl floor. wndeagnomd parking.DPD EeEPPEPPDESES--°»# :i Business online VOCABULARY 4. Search the square and find words connected with business online. The letters which are left make a secret word whichis repeated. What is the word? wordsearch.con_ == 216 [ovre: _B (nap ine wor dsearoh com STORY almiziolo =|n nolo z\z/zlo Veleir amir Em OO me [l= vol m| a) alclm >la : ozouma mo > vim zor =[4) ae >=, ©) 0 =| z/=]0 = t >|e/>/alalm o lolz Ze z =e G Pp 0 0. c s R s w s B c P 2. Match words from the square in exercise 1 to these definitions. Another name for the web. ‘A message sent electronically by computer. 1 2 3 What you look at when you work at your computer. _. 4 Computers use this kind of technology. 5 Connected to the Internet. 6 1 8 ° Business over the Net. _/_ - Many companies have this where you can find out about them. ‘The first page that we access when we go onto 7, J To travel across the Internet: not sail, but 40. Google is probably the world’s most-used 11 Nota computer rat, but a computer ___ 412 When everything stops working on your computer; like an accident. 13. To receive information and files onto your computer. 14. ‘The sound 11 makes. engine.Business online wD 3 READING 41 Read the text, and find numbers and statistics which match a-g below. Have you got a nice tie for my grandson? athe percentage of UK GDP represented by e-commerce the value of predicted Internet sales in Britain over the Christmas period .__. the predicted percentage of all sales of electrical goods represented by e-commerce this year... Germany's position in predicted Christmas spending... the fraction of European e-retail sales represented by Britain {the value of goods and services sold over the Internet by British businesses last year the monthly e-retail sales barrier which is about to be broken 2. Who or what are the following: Robin Terrell, GDP ONS __.. Amazon.com Forrester Research ‘The IMRG 3. Write answers to these questions. 4. Whyis this Christmas special for British e-tailers? 2. Has e-commerce in Britain reached its limit?GRAMMAR 1. Rewrite these sentences correctly. 1. If you would work tomorrow, I'll pay you overtime. 2. I would speak to you about it if 1 would have a problem, 2. Underline the parts of sentences 1 and 2 above which express @ condition. Put a( around the parts which express the result or consequence. Use the second conditional to complete these sentences. 1 Ifwe (make) our homepage simpler, customers (Jind) our website easier to 2 We (get) more clients if we (start) to sell online. 3° Ifyou (pack) goods carefully, we (have) fewer breakages. am (be) better if you (speak) to her yourself. Perl s __ (know) an easy solution, I (tell) you. 6 We (share) profits with our employees if we (make) some! Complete the rules by writing Ist or 2nd in the spaces. Bm Weuse the conditional when we believe that a likely action in the present results in something happening in the future, = Weuse the conditional when the action is less likely/more distant and the result is, turn less likely. = Wealso use the action and its consequences are entirely imaginary ‘or impos conditional when an Use the prompts to write sentences in the Ist or 2nd ‘conditional, Before making your choice, study the information in brackets at the end of the sentences. 1 If we/ stop advertising we / save a lot of money. (But we never will stop.) Business online If1/ pay cash you / give mea discount? (Here's the cash, le’s make a deal.) If we / continue like this, we / be bankrupt by next year. (These are the facts, 'm certain I'm right.) If / be the head of this company I / make a lot of changes. (Stop dreaming! I'm just the office leaner! What you / do if they / offer you the job in the New York office? (This isa distant possibility.) We / attract a lot more clients if we / go online. (It is likely that we will go online.) ‘They / appoint me as the manager if I / be a man, (But P'm a woman!) 33Business online SPEAKING Last year Carew's travel agency introduced a new, advanced website. Unfortunately, online bookings have fallen since its introduction. Sam Giles, Carew's Managing Director, and Polly Righy, Head of Marketing are discussing the problems with Toby Russell the sites designer. Put sentences a- in the correct order to re-create their meeting. IreWRITING 1. Read the information in paragraphs A-G on the Goldshield Holiday Homes company ‘and match it to links 1-7 on the GHH homepage. Iw golshieldhoidayhomes.co Goldshield”™ HOLIDAY HOMES A Just click on the map to see what 's available in the area of your choice. ee Dear CHH, {1am looking for 2 holiday home for {families of six adults and eleven children. Do you have anything available? c ‘Our mission at Goldshield Holiday Homes is a simple one: to set a standard for holiday home accommodation which will guarantee carefree holidays for holidaymakers, and worry-ee lettings for owners. ao Howard and Beryl Hall own two holiday properties in Devon. Before they joined GHH | they had problems with last-minute cancellations and people who refused to pay. Since joining GHH they have stress-free rentals and a guaranteed income they can depend on How much commission does GHH take? | GHH charges a standard 15% fee to the owners of holiday homes. This entitles you to appear on the GHH website and gives you complete peace of mind once @ bbooking is made. F If you own a holiday home and would like to be a Goldshield approved member, just fil in the online application form and we will arrange for one of our team to inspect ‘your property. g Betty and Amos Gold's summer holiday was ruined by renting poor holiday ‘accommodation from a newspaper advertisement. They decided to form an ‘organization which guaranteed high standards both for holidaymakers and property owners. Choose a local business or organization and create a homepage with links. Follow the check list to help you. Reduce the number of words to 50% of an ordinary page. Use colour to make key words stand out, Use links to other key areas. Use lists. Don't use too many pictures. Downloading them takes too long.Not for profit VOCABULARY Use the clues to complete the crossword. A few have been completed already. ‘lel e|ofs [al c[K] Across 1. Information and comments which give your opinion about an action or suggestion: ‘' like to hear your about the proposals? 3. Someone who helps to pay for an event 6 Pay to put information about a product or organization in a newspaper, ‘magazine, or on the radio or TV, so people will know more about it. 42 The special symbol, picture or group of letters which represents an organization. 43. The money which is needed to start a business. 16 The notice or attention which is attracted by newspapers or the media 17 To begin or start up a new organization or charity 19. The money from sales less your costs. 20 A person or business you work closely Down 2. The well-known name of a product which is made by a particular company. 4 The building from where a business performs its activities. We need to move to Digger + these offices are too small for us? The object / target of a business or organization, Someone who offers their services for free. A person who owns a part of a business by investing money in it. ‘To officially begin a new business or organization. (two words) 0A physical or mental problem: ‘In ths firm we have a senior manager with an acute hearing ‘ 41 A chain of connected people who often know each other. 414 A letter or leaflet which is sent to a large number of people. 15. An organization which exists to help the unfortunate and relieve suffering. 48 To give money to help an organization perform its work.BI verter » READING 4. The John Lewis Partnership is the largest department store group in the UK. Read the article about it and write answers which correct statements 1-8. It was John Lewis who introduced power sharing with his staff. I don’ think so, it was = 2. Spedan thought it was OK forthe owners of a business to keep all the profits. Well actually... 2 3. Spedan thought you could never have too much money. Infact it's the opposite. He thought 2 , 4 The John Lewis Partnership is a non-profit making charity. I'm afraid that's wrong. 5 The family stil owns a majority of the business. ETI 16 longer (rive ecco * SSSR Ai Ds 6 Outside shareholders have an interest in the company. I don’t think that’s right... 7 Nowadays partners get an equal share of the profits. ‘Thats not quite right. 8 The focus on democracy has disappeared over the years. Wellin fact as 2. Complete these sentences by changing the word in brackets into « noun from the text. 1 Wehave used the same... since we started the business. (SUPPLY) 2 Our _-.. arer’t very happy with the way the company is performing. (SHARE) 3° Jasmine has just been given a... ima lange law firm. (PARTNER) 4° Wehad thirty... last year. Now we have sixty. (EMPLOY) 5 The restaurant changed ____ when Delia retired. (OWN) 6 He started the business in his parents’ garage. Now it is a worldwide (ORGANIZE) 7 Wemade a foolish _. and Jost all our money. (INVEST)58 Not for profit GRAMMAR 41 Choose the correct alternatives to complete this biography of the famous benefactor Calouste Gulbenkian ‘The son of a wealthy family of Armenian merchants, Calouste Gulbenkian * bore / was born in Istanbul in 1869. He ? educated / was educated ‘at a local school. Then he 3 sent / was sent to Marseilles before going on to the University of London where he * awarded / was awarded an Engineering Diploma. He * acquired / was acquired British nationality in 1902. In his professional life he ® involved / was involved with, the petroleum industry, and he ? played / was played an important role in its development in the ‘Middle East. He © fook / was taken part in the important negotiations when the Turkish Oil Company stock ° divided / was divided among the Anglo / Persian Oil Company, Royal Dutch Shell, and Deutsche Bank. He gave / was given 5% for s vole as negotiator. He "! received /was received a further 5% when Turkish Oil 1 redistributed / was redistributed, and * he knew / was known as “Mr Five Per cent’. The owner of a colossal fortune, he ' became / was become one of the most remarkable art collectors of the 20th century. During the Second World War he moved to Lisbon. ‘The last thirteen years of his life * spent were spent in Lisbon at the Hotel Aviz where he '6 died /was died in 1955. His entire collection " left /1as Jeff to Portugal in gratitude to the country. The Gulbenkian Foundation 8 founded / was founded to achieve artistic, scientific, educational, and philanthropic objectives. 2. You are interviewing an expert on Calouste Gulbenkian’s life. Complete the interview using information from the biography you have just read. Use a mixture of active and passive constructions. you: When and where * expear: In 1869, in Istanbul, Turkey. you: But he? in England, wasn't he? texpenr: Yes, at the University of London. He oer: __ an engineering diploma. In 1902 he 4 British nationality. you: Really! So tell me, how 5 make his fortune? expen: It® in the petroleum industry. He was a brilliant negotiator and? 25% ‘commission when Turkish Oil * __. between ‘the Dutch, English, and Germans. you: | see. Then he * an art collector. exeenr: Yes, that's right. His collection was legendary. Every country wanted it, but when he died it ieee to Portugal. you: Really, why’ that? ‘expen: Well, his last years " seu i Portus, living in the Hotel Aviz. He had gone there to escape the Second World War, you see.WD vet tor prot ° SPEAKING 4. The committee of a small charity are discussing whether they should employ professional fund-raisers for their organization. Complete their conversation with words and expressions from the box. apne In. _ we can't carry on the way we are. We don't get ‘enough from donations. What ?, Cela? coun: Basically, ? paying a professional. As © most of the money they raise wil be spent on costs, sin Yes, >. _with you. think §_ __ stick with volunteers. Where Declan? pecan: Hean't®. ___. Approfessional is expensive, but they could raise a lot of money. 2 We would need proper premises. We couldn't operate from my kitchen any more. agvin: What's 1 this, Trevor? ‘TRevoR: | ust ** nn. OF course, Iam in ® a raising ‘more money; but before we make a decision we need to study the benefits and costs much more carefully. 2. From what they said, write the name of the committee member in the correct column. ror AGAINST ‘UNSURE60 Not for profit wD WRITING ‘The Harker Foundation provides grants to students who are in financial difficulty. Sally Pike is a member of the Grants Committee. At the last mecting the committee discussed if, they should concentrate on helping ten deserving students by paying everything, or if they should give a smaller amount of money to up to fifty students. Use the notes to write an email from Sally to Andrea Jewel, another member of the committee. Remember to use the modal verbs would, could, and should in your answer. Dear Andrea, 4. At/ last meeting / we discuss / who we / target / our financial support. At.our last meeting we discussed swho.we should target for our fnanci 2 Weneed / decide / how / distribute / this years’ budget / €120,000. 3 We/ sclect/ few students / pay /all/ their fees. 4 Second option / be / choose / larger number / applicants / give less money / ‘each one. 5 Personally I think / we / do something between / two options. 6 It be / bad idea / pay everything / few people. 7 Myopinion / everyone / be responsible / part / thei fees. 8 Other hand / oo little support / not supply useful help / students in need. 9 Therefore / I think / choose twenty students / receive / grant this year. 10 Obviously / think we / contact Gertrude Harker / founder's widow / before / make / final decision. 414 Please / you send me feedback / any further ideas / before I contact Gertrude? Best wishes, SallyPPP PUPPPPPPPD : em-solving VOCABULARY 1 Match the beginnings of definitions 1-5 with endings a-e. Ifyou 1 come up with an idea, Jook into a problem, find out something, carry on with something, deal with a task or problem, you continue on a course of action. you think of an answer or suggestion. you investigate and try to understand it you do what is necessary to solve it. you discover some useful information. Replace the words in italics with verbs from 1-5 above to complete these sentences. 1 When we studied the problem we discovered that a supplier had sent us faulty components. We need to think ofa creative solution quickly. Td like you to take charge of customer complaints, Richard 4 Quiet, everyone. Melanie has a suggestion. Please continue, Melanie, we're all listening. Choose 2, b, or cto complete the sentences. 1 Did you manage ___ the problem? ato solve solving ——csolve 2° Wehave got ___ with the new software. atrouble batrouble —_c troubles 3 Ourbest ___ is to wait and see opportunity —b possibility c option 4 Wehave to __ a solution to the cris a search bind cresohe 5 They'still haven't succeeded ___ a new Managing Director ainfinding btofind cof founding 6 Isnot possible to the situation fully without having an idea of the costs involved. evaluate formulate cangue 7 The firm needs to hire someone who has the .__ to finish the job. acan do bhowto know-how 8 The company decided. production abroad. amove btomove movinga Problem-solving READING Read the opening and closing lines of a text about a company called JMG Investments, ‘Then complete the text by matching the sentence halves 1~10 to a-j below. ‘Tivee years ago the Chairman of JMG Investments was faced with a difficult problem: the high ‘annual level of staff turnover. He and senior managers decided to invite Melinda Price, a Human, Resources consultant, 0 look into the problem . Of course people sil leave, but turnover is just one third of is old level. 1. She found out that people left the company 2. Although JMG regularly organized team-building weekends... 3. They closed the offices on Thursday evening and all 120 staff 4 When they got there they discovered 5. There wasa real director and cameraman, 6 People were chosen to be the film's stars . 7. For instance, a receptionist played the princess and an accountant the king, 8 On the first evening they brainstormed ideas 9 Since then, relationships between staff and different departments .. 410. Everyone agreed that Melinda a that they were going to make a film set in the Middle Ages. 'b while the Managing Director had a small part as a peasant! € because relationships between staff simply weren't very strong. but their roles in the film had nothing to do with their status in the company. where staff did things like rock climbing, Melinda had a more radical, and fun, ideal £ and started to write the script, and on Saturday afternoon and Sunday morning, they filmed. had come up with a brilliant solution to a difficult problem. went to a large country hotel for a long weekend. i have been much friendlier and more co-operative. j_ and even a scriptwriter to help them.GRAMMAR 1. Lookat the picture and write what people were doing when the boss came back to the office unexpectedly! 1 Sam / surf the Internet. 2. Philip / telephone / his girlfriend, 3. Camilla / have asleep at her desk. 4 Stephanie and Brian / watch TV. 5 Ben, Fred, Stella, and Bradley / play football. 6 Marlene / Jerome gossip. 7 Charlie and Beatrice / dance. Problem-solving Complete these sentences by putting one verb into the past simple and the other into the past continuous. 1 She (meet) her fiancé while she (work) in the Auckland branch, 2 We (find out) that a lot of money was rising while she (do) the accounts. 31 oa (talk) to the Sales Manager about the problem while you (have) lunch. 4 Hannah (come up with) a clever idea while we (discuss) the packaging 5 When you (ring) we {already look into) the problem 6 Although our competitors (still have) technical problems, we (go ahead) with our new generation of mobile phones. ‘Things have changed a lot at Riley engineering, Study the information in the columns and write sentences using used fo + base form, and the present simple eerORE NOWADAYS Sent letters by post use email and faxes ‘employed 90 people just 30 used hand-operated machines, Use robots and numerically- controlled machinery produced lots of pollution clean and environmentally friendly sold our goods in ‘Australia and New Zealand France and Germany our biggest customers had separate dining rooms {for workers and managers ‘everyone eaté together ‘often wasted time and focus on quality 41, Weused to send letters by post, but nowadays. we use the Internet and faxes. 2 = 6 4“ Problem-solving SPEAKING Barbara and Michael Stone and their business partner Angela Swann own a florist’s (lower shop) in the centre of an English town where parking is a big problem. They are discussing if they should move to a new out-of-town shopping mall where there will be a hypermarket and premises for other new shops. Use the prompts to write their conversation. 1 Aneta: If we / not open /florist’s in / mall, someone else will Uf we.don't open a florist’s in.the mall, someone else will... 2 michaeu: We / always wait / see if / mall / be / a success. 3 Baasara: Maybe, but |/ be afraid that if / we not decide now, all / good premises / be taken. 4 ticwaet: Well, one option / be / rent premises / six months. 5 ANGELA: I/ not think / managers / mall / accept that. {6 eaxeaen: In that case, we / keep this shop, / open another one / mall? If we do that we / have two lots / rent / pay. es, it / be extremely risky. 9 wareara: | / be worried / long term future / town centre. DANGeLA: Me too. People / shop where they / be able / park easily. ‘V1eansaRa: So instead / wait / town centre / die, we should move now.WRITING 41 Complete the table with different ways of expressing numbers. pencentace [rencentace [rraction | FRACTION |pHRases IN woRDs In words 25% twenty-five | laquarter {one in four, e.g. One in four per cent said they wanted to work from home more often. 33% fathird [one in three, e.g. One in three companies have flexible hours. levery other, e. Every other person is femate. 66% sixty-six thirds |rwo in / out of every per cent three, e. Two out of every three people we interviewed said they wanted longer holidays. lt [three three in / out of every four, e.g. Three in (or out of) every four shops accept credit cards now. expressions. uP more than a large number a nearly 3 Study this summary into the use of email and the Internet in village community. Rewrite the text replacing the percentages (9) with other words and expressions.6 Problem-solving QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS AGES OF TRAVELLERS: REASON FOR TRAVEL ‘Travel to and from university / college 8 ‘SHOULD THERE BE A SMOKING SECTION? Yes 3% No 97% WOULD YOU BE INTERESTED IN ‘SANDWICHES. AND SNACKS? Yes 20% No 67% WOULD YOU LIKE TO HIRE A DVD FILM To PASS THE TIME? Yes 45% No 55% [SATISFACTION WITH QUALITY [AND SAFETY OF DRIVING? very satisfied 43% satisfied 47% dissatisied 9% extremely dissatisfied 1% [ANY OTHER COMPLAINTS? +1 Many passengers said ventilation and at Conditioning was inadequate insummer, 2 Quite afew people ‘complained about the Ceaniiness ofthe tollets on the coach. 3 One oF two passongers istked hearing the radio. ‘The Bronco Coach Company runs a regular bus service between London and Cambridge. Ithas conducted a survey among its passengers to find out how the service could be improved. Study the results and complete the report below. ‘Summary of the key findings of the research ‘we carried out among 356 passengers. 1.1 Ages of passengers 1.4 Other services, films, and snacks : rey Pr