DipIT05 – Computer Architecture and Operating Systems

TOPIC: TECHINACAL REPORT

Student Name: Rabin Sharma

Student Id: NP03A180078
Submitted date: 2019/04/13
Submitted to: Kritika Tuladhar
Word Count: 2019
Marking Scheme:

Report (50 marks)

Assignment Criteria Marks Remarks

Computer Components and Equipment

 List and state the functions of the main

components of the computer (6 marks)
 Distinguish between different types of
processors. (5 marks)
 Distinguish between different types of
RAM (random Access Memory) (5
marks)
 Distinguish between different types of
ROM (Read Only Memory) (5 marks)
 Distinguish all the different types of
memory systems present (3 marks)
 Distinguish between different types of
Hard-drive controllers. (3 marks)
 Distinguish between the different
internal power connectors (3 marks)

/30

Budgeting and Planning for PC

 Draft a budget for a cheap and top range
PC. (5 marks)
 Research components and get costings
for individual components. (5 marks)
  Calculate the total cost of cheap and top /15
range PC. (5 marks)

Report Format
/5
Total
/50
 Acknowledgements

I would like to thank our module leader Ms. Kritika Tuladhar and tutorial Mr. Ayush Joshi
for their help, advice and information in this coursework. I would like to thank iwishbag to
provide price of different component of computer which should be imported from USA
and India.

I am thankful to Herald College Kathmandu and University of Wolverhampton for giving

the platform to learn something about computer architecture.
Table of Contents
A. Computer Components and Equipment ................................................................ 1

1. Main components of computer ........................................................................... 1

2. Difference between processors .......................................................................... 4

3. Difference between RAM ................................................................................... 6

4. Difference between ROM ................................................................................... 7

5. Difference between types of memory system..................................................... 8

6. Difference between Hard-Drive Controllers ........................................................ 8

7. Difference between internal power connectors .................................................. 9

B. Budgeting and Planning for PC ........................................................................... 10

1. Draft a budget for a cheap and top range PC .................................................. 10

2. Research components and get costings for individual components ................. 11

3. The total cost of cheap and top range PC ........................................................ 14

C. Conclusion........................................................................................................... 14

References .................................................................................................................... 15
Table of tables

Table 1 Difference between i3,i5 and i7 .......................................................................... 5

Table 2 Difference between SRAM and DRAM ............................................................... 6
Table 3 Difference between PROM, EPROM and EEPROM .......................................... 7
Table 4 Difference between Cache memory, Virtual memory and Associative memory . 8
Table 5 Difference between SATA and PATA hardisk .................................................... 9
Table 6 Difference between .......................................................................................... 10
Table 7 Draft Budget for a cheap range PC ................................................................. 11
Table 8 Draft Budget for a high range PC .................................................................... 11
Table 9 Research components and get costings for individual components of low range
PC ................................................................................................................................. 12
Table 10 Research components and get costings for individual components of high range
PC ................................................................................................................................. 14
A. Computer Components and Equipment
1. Main components of computer

Motherboard

Processor/CPU

Power Supply

Secondary Memory

PCI-Express Cards

Graphics Cards

Primary Memory

(Floodsocial, 2019)

Function of major components of computer

i. Motherboard

Motherboard is a plastic board which holds and connect various components of computer
system. It is one of the most important part of computer. It holds the most important part
CPU (processor) and other part such as RAM, Hard-Drive, graphics cards, and
connectors for I/O devices.

Its function are

 It is used to all the major components of computer like RAM, graphics

card, processor, hard drive etc.

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  It serve as communication hub for components which are attached
with it.

(Study, 2019)

ii. Processor

It is the small chip in computer which is used to process all the task given by input device
.It is heart and brain of computer. These chips can perform trillions of task in a second.

Function of processor

 It access data and instruction from memory and perform operation

like arithmetic and logical operations.
 It is responsible for communication among input and output devices.

(Techterms, 2019)

iii. Power Supply

It is the part of computer which convert AC current into DC as computer needed. It provide
power to motherboard, GPU, HDD and fan etc. It regulates overheating by controlling
voltage and change automatically or manually depending on the power supply.

Function of power supply

 It is used to convert AC current into DC current.

 It supply suitable power to different parts of computer.

(Fisher, 2018)

iv. Secondary Memory

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It is a non-volatile memory which can store and retain data, even if the computer is not
connected to electrical power. They are used to store large amount of data in computer.
They are slower and cheaper than primary memory.

Function of secondary memory

 It is used to store data and programs for long term.

 It is used to transfer from one device to another device

(Techopedia, 2019)

v. PCI card

It is an expansion slots on the motherboard which can hold PCI-based expansion cards.

Function of PCI card

 It is used to expand expansion card in computer

 It provide a common interface that can be adapted for virtually use.

(Fisher, 2019)

vi. Graphics Cards

The Graphics Card is in charge of rendering a picture to the screen. It does this by
changing over information into a flag your screen can get it. Graphics card helps to
smooth picture, video and games in the screen.

Function of graphics card

 It allow computers to produce graphics and images more quickly

 It allows the card to accept information from the processor and send
output to the monitor

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 (Luxton, 2019)

vii. Primary Memory

It is a memory which is directly access by CPU or processor. It is main memory in

computer system. It has limited capacity and data is lost when power is switched off.

Function of primary memory

 It is used to store data and instructions currently required for

processing
 It is used to boot the computer

(Generalnote, 2019)

2. Difference between processors

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In current time, the most used processors are from Intel. These processor i3, i5 and i5
are the most used Intel processor in present time. The difference between these
processors are as follow:

SN. Intel Core i3 Intel Core i5 Intel Core i7

1 It is the entry level It is the mid-range It is the high end
processor. processor. processor.

2 It has 3MB to 4MB cache It has 3MB to 6MB cache It has 4MB to 8MB
memory. memory. cache memory.

3 It has 2 core. It has 4 core. It has 2 core.

4 It is low range budget It is mid-range budget It is expensive

processor. processor. processor.

5 It does not have turbo It has turbo boost Its clock speed ranges
boost feature. feature. from 2.9Ghz to 4.2Ghz

6 Its clock speed ranges Its clock speed ranges It has turbo boost
from 3.4Ghz to 4.2Ghz from 2.4Ghz to 3.8Ghz feature.

Table 1 Difference between i3,i5 and i7

(Ghanalive, 2017)

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 3. Difference between RAM

Generally there are 2 types of RAM. SRAM and DAM are the most common RAM. The
difference between these RAM are as follow:

SN SRAM DRAM
1 It stands for Static Random Access It stands for Dynamic Random Access
Memory. Memory.

2 It is a semiconductor memory which It is a semiconductor memory which

is use in bi-stable latching circuitry to stores each bit of data in a separate tiny
store each bit. capacitor with in an integrated circuit.

3 It is faster than DRAM and it takes It is slower than SRAM and it takes more
minimum time to access data. time to access data.

4 It does not requires to refresh cycles It requires periodical refresh cycles to

to retain data. retain data.

5 It is used in CPU cache. It is used as main computer main

memory.
6 It is expensive than DRAM. It is cheaper than SRAM

7 It has a complex structure like a flip It has a simple structure made of

flops. transistor and capacitor.
Table 2 Difference between SRAM and DRAM

(Lithmeee, 2018)

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 4. Difference between ROM

There are 3 basic types of ROM. PROM, EPROM and EEPROM are common type of
ROM. The difference between ROM are as follow:

SN. PROM EPROM EEPROM

1 It stands for It stands for erasable It stands for electrically
programmable random programmable random erasable programmable
access memory. access memory. random access memory.

2 It can be modify only once It can be erased and It can be erased and
by user. reused. reprogrammed multiple
times.

3 It can be reprogrammed It can be reprogrammed It can be reprogrammed

only once. using UV light. using electrical charge.

4 It is covered with plastic It is covered with It is covered with opaque

cover. transparent quartz plastic case.
window.
Table 3 Difference between PROM, EPROM and EEPROM

(Slideserve, 2019)

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 5. Difference between types of memory system
There are generally 3 type of memory system in computer. Cache, virtual and associative
are the common type of memory system in computer. The difference between these
memory system are following:

SN. Cache Virtual Associative

1 It is very small memory It is memory which It is memory that

that speeds up accessing extends capacity of main addressed by the type of
time of main memory. memory virtually. content.
2 It is used to carry data It is used allow execution It is used to serve as
from secondary memory of program that is larger parallel data search
to main memory to than main memory. mechanism.
increase speed.
3 It Is faster than It is slower than cache It is slower than cache
associative memory. memory. memory.
4 It is expensive than It is part of secondary It is cheaper than cache
associative memory. memory. memory.
Table 4 Difference between Cache memory, Virtual memory and Associative memory

(Rawat, 2019), (Techdifferences, 2017)

6. Difference between Hard-Drive Controllers

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Generally there are 2 types of hard-drive controllers in computer. They are: SATA and
PATA. The difference between these hard-drive controllers are as following:

SN. SATA PATA

1 It stand for Serial Advanced It stands for Parallel Advanced
Technology Attachment. Technology Attachment.

2 It is faster than PATA. It is slower than SATA.

3 SATA is new and currently use PATA is outdated technology.

technology
4 Hot swapping is available SATA. Hot swapping is not available in PATA.

5 It has a smaller cable size. It has a larger cable size.

6 It can provide 150 MB/s to 600 MB/s It can provide 16 MB/s to 133 MB/s data
data rate depending upon various rate depending upon various versions
versions.

Table 5 Difference between SATA and PATA hardisk

(Techdifferences, 2018)

7. Difference between internal power connectors

SN. 4pin ATX +12 V power 8 pin EPS +12 volt power ATX 24 pin main power
cable cable cable

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 1 IT is used to provide extra It is used to supply power It is used to provide the
power to motherboard and to CPU. required power to
CPU. mother board.
2 It can transfer up to It can transfer up to It can transfer up to
8amps. 7amps. 8amps.
3 It can be fitted in 8 pin 12v It can be fitted in 4 pin 12v It can be fitted in 20 pin
motherboard. motherboard. motherboard.
Table 6 Difference between

(Playtool, 2019)

B. Budgeting and Planning for PC

1. Draft a budget for a cheap and top range PC

i. Draft Budget for a cheap range PC

SN. Components Estimated price(In NRs)

1 Motherboard 20,000
2 Casing Box 5,000
3 Processor 20,000
4 GPU 30,000
5 CPU cooler 5,000
6 PCU 10,000
7 RAM 8,000
8 HDD 5000
9 Total cost: 1,03,000

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 Table 7 Draft Budget for a cheap range PC

The estimated cost to build low budget gaming PC is around NRs. 93,000.

ii. Draft Budget for a high range PC

SN. Components Estimated price (In Nrs)

1 Motherboard 1,20,000
2 Processor 1,00,000
3 Casing Box 50,000
4 GPU 1,50,000
5 RAM 30,000
6 PCU 1,00,000
7 CPU Cooler 70,000
8 SSD 30,000
9 HDD 20,000
10 Total 6,70,000
Table 8 Draft Budget for a high range PC

The estimated cost to build high range gaming PC is around NRs.6, 70,000

2. Research components and get costings for individual components

i. For cheap range PC

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 Components Description Price In NRs.
Motherboard ASUS ROG STRIX B360-F GAMING LGA1151 23,140
(300 Series) DDR4 DP HDMI DVI M.2 ATX
Motherboard
(Amazon, 2019)
Casing Box Cooler Master MASTERBOX LITE 5 10,480
(Amazon, 2019)
Processor Intel® Core™ i5-8400 Desktop Processor 30,849
(Chand, 2019)
GPU MSI GTX 1050 2G OC 24,600
(Chand, 2019)
Power COOLER MASTER MWE 550 Smps – 550 Watt 10,000
Supply 80 Plus (Thulo, 2019)
CPU fan Cooler Master Hyper 212 LED CPU Cooler with 6875
PWM Fan
(Sabaikomart, 2019)
RAM Kingston-8gb-2400mhz-ddr4-non-ecc-cl17- 11,800
sodimm-1rx8-notebook-memory
(Daraz, 2019)
HDD Western-digital-wd5000azrx-500-gb-sata-hard- 2,280*2
disk *2 (Daraz, 2019)
Table 9 Research components and get costings for individual components of low range PC

ii. For top range PC:

Components Description Price (in

Nrs.)
Motherboard MSI Motherboards MEG X299 Creation 1,21,020
(Amazon, 2019)

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 Processor Intel Core i9-7920X X-Series Processor 12 Cores up 1,34,400
to 4.3 GHz Turbo Unlocked LGA2066 X299 Series
140W (Amazon, 2019)

Casing Box DEEPCOOL Gamer Storm QUADSTELLAR Full-Tower 74,380

four cabin Case Supporting E-ATX motherboard
120/240/360mm water cooling system Tempered Glass
APP and Motherboard Controlled RGB Lighting System
(Newegg, 2019)

GPU EVGA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti SC2 Gaming, 11GB 1,92,510

GDDR5X, iCX Technology - 9 Thermal Sensors &
RGB LED G/P/M, Asynch Fan, Optimized Airflow
Design Graphics Card 11G-P4-6593-KR
(Amazon, 2019)

RAM G.SKILL F4-3000C15D-32GVR V Series 32GB (2 x 56,800

16GB) 288-Pin DDR4 SDRAM
(Daraz, 2019)
PSU Corsair AX1600i Digital ATX Power Supply 1,04,680
(Amazon, 2019)
CPU cooler Thermaltake WATER 3.0 Triple Riing RGB High 47,120
Static Pressure Fans 360 AIO Water Cooling
System CPU Cooler CL-W108-PL12SW-A
(Amazon, 2019)
SSD Samsung 850 EVO 1TB 2.5-Inch SATA III Internal 39,800
SSD Disk (Daraz, 2019)

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 HDD Seagate ST6000VX0023 SKYHAWK 6 TB Bare 32,940
Hard Drive-Multicolor
(Daraz, 2019)
Table 10 Research components and get costings for individual components of high range PC

3. The total cost of cheap and top range PC

SN. Components Price of Low range pc (In Nrs) Price of High range pc
(In Nrs)
1 Motherboard 23,140 1,21,020
2 Processor 30,849 1,34,400
3 Casing Box 10,480 74,380
4 GPU 24,600 1,92,510
5 RAM 11,800 56,800
6 PSU 10,000 1,04,680
7 CPU Cooler 6,875 47,120
8 SSD - 39,800
9 HDD 4,580 32,940
10 Total 1,22,304 8,03,650

It cost to build cheap range PC is Nrs.122304.

It cost to build high range PC is NRs. 803650.

C. Conclusion

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 This coursework is valuable to research and know about the different major parts
of computer and function of that computer. It also help to choose the right computer
parts while building cheap PC and expensive PC. This coursework helps me to
know about different components of PC with their features and price. This course
work help student to choose right parts with proper budgeting for PC building. Such
coursework help student to develop the habit of research.

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