Université de Monastir

Ecole Nationales d’Ingénieurs de Monastir

Département Génie Mécanique

SM2-3
Physics and Metallurgy of Welded Joints

Dr. Tarek BEN AMEUR, Professor

Mechanical Engineering Department

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1.Title of the course: Physics and Metallurgy of Welded Joints
Module code: SM2-3 Semester: 2
Number of credits: 2, Lec 14 hours and Tutorial 7 hours.
1- Pedagogical objectives:
_ Identify the basic metallurgy of welded joints.
_ Identify Metallurgical problems.
_ Study Chemical reactions and metal flow welding.
2- Pedagogical contents:
1. Introduction
Welding technology, fields and domains applications, career opportunities.
2. Physics and Metallurgy of welded joints
_Basic metallurgy of : crystalline structures, grains, micro-structures, phase transformation,
iron-carbon diagram, martensite formation.
_ Welding metallurgy of the heat affected zone.
_ Metallurgical problems: burning, segregation, gas pockets.
_Chemical reactions and metal flow welding.
3- Welding Defects
_ Stresses and distorsion
_ Crack, cavities and solid inclusion.
4 – References
1. “Metal Handbook”, Vol 6, 73; ASME
2. “Welding Handbook”, Vol. 1 and 2, seventh edition; American welding society.
3. “The Physics of welding”, Lancaster; Pergaman Press.
5- Final Exam (60%)/Personal work (40%)

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 Plan du cours
1. Introduction
1.1-Welding technology, fields and domains applications
Physics and Metallurgy

1.2-Welded joints. 1.3- Métallurgie du soudage

2. Physics and Metallurgy of welded joints
of Welded Joints

_Basic metallurgy of : crystalline structures, grains, micro-

structures, phase transformation, iron-carbon diagram,
martensite formation.
_ Welding metallurgy of the heat affected zone.
_ Metallurgical problems: burning, segregation, gas
pockets.
_Chemical reactions and metal flow welding.
3- Welding Defects
_ Stresses and distorsion
_ Crack, cavities and solid inclusion.

T.BEN

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I- 2 Weld Joint Geometry and
Welding Symbols

 Basic WeldJoints
 Welding Symbols

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Edge Butt Lap Corner Tee

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Groove Bead Fillet Plug

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Square- Groove & Tee

Bevel- Groove & Tee Double Bevel-

Groove & Tee

V-Groove Double V-Groove

J-Groove Double J-Groove

U-Groove Double U-Groove

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 Five Basic Welded Joints

Butt Joint
Butt joint- a joint
between two
members aligned
approximately in
the same plane

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Different Edge Shapes and
Symbols for some Butt-Joints

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Five Basic Welded Joints

Corner Joint
Corner joint - a joint
between two
members located at
right angles to each
other

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Some Different Edge Shapes and
Symbols for Corner Joints

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Five Basic Welded Joints

T-Joint
T- joint - a joint
between two
members located
approximately at right
angles to each other in
the form of a T

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Some Different Edge Shapes and
Symbols for T-Joint

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Five Basic Welded Joints

Lap Joint

Lap Joint- a
joint between
two overlapping
members

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Some Different Edge Shapes and
Symbols for Lap Joints

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Five Basic Welded Joints

Edge Joint

Edge joint- a joint

between the edges
of two or more
parallel or nearly
parallel members

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Some Different Edge Shapes and
Symbols for Edge Joints

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Proper terminology is needed in
everyday job communication
 Joint design identifies, “the shape ,
dimensions, and configuration of the joint
 The individual workpieces of a joint are
called members .
 Three types members nonbutting
member, butting member , and splice
member

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A butting member is “a joint member that is
prevented, by the other member from
movement in one direction perpendicular to its
thickness dimension”

A non butting member is “a joint member

that is free to move in any direction
perpendicular to its thickness dimension
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A splice member is “ the work piece that
spans the joint in a spliced joint

Single-spliced
butt joint

Double-spliced
butt joint with
joint filler
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 I.3 : Métallurgie du soudage
Aspects phénoménologiques du soudage
Physics and Metallurgy

Source de chaleur Phénomènes mis en jeux

of Welded Joints

Thermiques
- chauffage
- refroidissement
Métallurgiques
- Fusion
- Solidification
- Transformations allotropiques
Mécaniques
- Dilatations

T.BEN

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 Aspects phénoménologiques du soudage
Physics and Metallurgy

Source de chaleur locale gradient thermique

of Welded Joints

Chaleurs latentes transformation de phase

Propriétés thermo-physiques fonction des Variation de température
phases

Etat thermique Etat métallurgique

Variation de la température Transformation de phase

Dilatation thermique Changement de volume

Effet de la température sur la loi pendant les transformations
de comportement Plasticité de transformation

Dissipation Effet des contraintes sur les

mécanique Etat mécanique transformations

Gradient thermique + Gradient de microstructure

=
T.BEN Hétérogénéité de déformation  Contraintes résiduelles

T.BEN 23