MANUAL HAND DRILL

3D ASSEMBLY DRAWING

DNT123 - COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING

AUTHOURED BY:
LIAU ZHI JUN 192060836
KHOO KENG SUEN 192060825
CHONG MING EE 192060783

LECTURERS:
ENCIK WAN SHAHRIZAL BIN WAN NADHARI
ENCIK MASRI ZAIRI BIN MOHD ZIN
 First and foremost, we are grateful to God that He created this world with so
much uniqueness of different shapes and sizes. We are able to see and feel objects
around us and very much art becomes an important aspect in life. Art also applies in
industry, where drawing makes projects easier with planning and clarity of
understanding of the project.

Nextly, we would like to express our sincere most gratitude to our lecturer, Mr
Wan Shahrizal bin Wan Nadhari and Mr Encik Masri Zairi Bin Mohd Zin, for teaching
us by heart since the dawn of this semester. They had guided us since the basics of
drawing lines to different techniques used to draw 2D shapes. From that, we are
able to execute engineering drawings learned in semester 1 to be implemented in
CAD software, such as polylines, curves and hatches. They also taught us 3D drawing
techniques to be used in CAD software. Now, we are able to draw isometric 3D
objects faster with the aid of a computer software and of course multiviews that
took us pretty much a few days to complete by hand in semester 1. We are grateful
for now that we are able to bring engineering drawing to the next level.

It is the cooperation and teamwork of our team that we are thankful of. We
always discussed about the project and have frequent checks with each other of the
drawings that each member produced. Some techniques to draw our desired
product will require research that we had learned include loft, sweep, helix and
presspull were used to make drawings easier to be produced. Therefore it is an
honourable mention to fellow teammates that allows this project to be unique and
successful.

To the many other humble and helpful groups, we are also grateful that we can
learn the techniques in CAD software together. We exchange ideas and thus builds
invaluable experience that is beneficial in the distant future. Also to many others
that were not mentioned, apologies from us, at the same time we would like to
express our sincere most gratitude to all who had made this project smooth and
successful. Wish you the best of luck everyday!
The objectives of this project are:

1. To create drawings through CAD software

2. To demonstrate drawings in terms of assembly and working drawings
3. To make drawing presentable and easier to understand
4. To design a model using CAD software
5. To analyze the shape and dimensions of an object

Being the topmost objective of this subject is being able to produce drawings
with the CAD software. In terms of accuracy and precision, we are going to execute
different techniques to produce a clear and understandable drawing. The techniques
used must be quick and precise, being able to choose the correct techniques will not
only save time but save costs. For example, using COPY instead of MIRROR, or using
ARRAY or OFFSET instead of COPY, RECTANGLE instead of POLYLINE, REVOLVE
instead of EXTRUDE and many more.

The reason that we produce drawings is to demonstrate and display drawings to

people that are able to manufacture our products. Clarity in dimension and shape is
important during a presentation of drawing. This ensures the presenter and the
audience get the same thinking for the product. This normally is important especially
if a designer or an architect wants an idea to be discussed with a customer,
supervisor or the manager.

This mini project also aims to design a model with CAD software. It requires us
to analyze the shape and dimensions of a real life object and produce a drawing out
of it. It will require skills in measurements of lengths, thicknesses and diameters
before being able to create a similar drawing as the real object.
 Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) is a type of software that enables engineers,
designers and architects to produce drawings with a much easier method while also
giving a much systematic presentation to audience in the same context, such as
colleagues. AutoCAD is one the popular software for this purposes, which very much
emphasizes on drawings rather than solid modelling, making it an easier software to
begin with. A person’s capability of using this software is considered through the
production of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional drawings.

Our subject’s coordinator, Mr. Wan Shahrizal has assigned us a mini project to
produce a 3-dimensional drawing from real-life objects. The object must consist of
eight components to drawn separately and assembled at the end of the project. The
drawing mostly requires deep understanding of mechanical designs, but sometimes
it may also come with electronic designs. For this project, our team decided not to
opt for something as simple as a static object, but rather a moving dynamic object
such as pulleys, gears, rotational joint fixture and wheels. Hence, our team decided
to go for a manual hand drill. For this manual hand drill, we will not only solve
challenges such as measurements of curves, but it also requires us to understand
concepts of gears, chuck clutching, linear and rotational motion. Of course, spotlight
is on the production of the drawing with the least errors possible.

For this project, we will need to produce drawings of 9 different parts. Excluding
the handles which are made of wood, the other parts are made of steel. Gears and
curves of handles will require precise measurements and skill that needs to be
execute in order to replicate an object.
 Before starting to produce any drawings, measurements of length needs to be
taken. In this project, we used vernier calipers, micrometer screw gauge and flexible
plastic ruler.

1. Vernier Calipers

Vernier calipers is a good tool to measure lengths with an accuracy up to 0.01cm. It

is easy and quick to measure lengths. The benefits include vernier calipers able to
measure internal and external diameter, as well as depth. Simply tighten the jaws of
the calipers on an object to be measured, and read the main scale before the 0 of
vernier scale aligns, then add it to the vernier scale which touches the main scale.

In this project, we will most likely measure external and internal diameter of curve
surfaces such as handles, holes and lathed cylinders.

Parts of vernier calipers:

Outside jaws measure external diameter and width of object

Inside jaws measure internal diameter

Depth probe measure depth or height

Main scale scale of an accuracy of 0.1cm

Vernier scale scale of an accuracy of 0.01cm

Retainer retain or hold a measurement to be read

2. Micrometer Screw Gauge

A micrometer screw gauge is an excellent tool to measure thickness of objects with

an accuracy up to 0.01mm. It is far more accurate in terms of its smallest division
when compared to Vernier calipers, but it is more time consuming and harder to use.
Normally, a micrometer is used to measure thin objects such as metal plates, drill
bits, or paper.

Fot this project, we will use a micrometer to measure the diameter of a drill bit.

Parts of micrometer screw gauge

Frame Holds the anvil and barrel. It reduces flexion, expansion and
contraction by being thick and by reducing thermal
expansion. A few ways is it is made of a material of high
thermal mass and is covered by insulating plates

Anvil Rests against the object to be measured

Sleeve/barrel/stock scale of an accuracy up to 0.1mm

Lock nut/Thimble lock holds the spindle to get a reading

Spindle holds the object to be measured with the anvil

Thimble scale of an accuracy up to 0.01mm

Ratchet stop limits applied pressure that tightens the thimble firmly on
the object
3. Plastic Rule

Although the standard for carpentry is using steel rule, but since our project does not
require cuttings, using a plastic rule is a good option. It is cheap and easily available
in many stationery shops. It is flexible and great for measuring curves like our
product chosen. It is transparent, meaning it is easier for us to get accurate
measurements with the plastic rule.

Ruler will give an accuracy of up to 0.1cm for its scale. Normally, manufacturers will
produce products with standard measurements of whole numbers, thus it is slightly
negligible if we use a ruler instead of Vernier calipers, such as a diameter of
multiples of 7 (since π = 22/7), or a length of 10cm as a whole number instead of
10.03cm. An object will go through wear and tear, thus the length of object that we
measured might not be the accurate measurements that the object was initially
produced. Thus we can measure the length with a ruler and round off the observed
measurements to at least the nearest millimeter (3.3cm instead of 3.27cm).
How to use a vernier caliper

Simply hold the jaws to the surface of object to be measured. Be sure that the
vernier calipers is held straight and perpendicular to the surface of object.

Make sure the jaws of the calipers is held firmly on the surface of object. Make sure
it is consistent and firm. Too tight and the reading will be slightly less than the actual
length, too loose and the reading will be slightly more than the actual length.
Measuring diameters of balloons, rubber tires and soft objects will be difficult for
vernier calipers as the jaws might squeeze the object, giving an inaccurate and
inconsistent reading.

Vernier calipers must undergo calibration in order to reduce zero error. When the
jaws fully close, the reading should give a zero reading. Digital calipers can get a
reset easily for zero errors. With an analog caliper, simply read the zero error when
the calipers are fully closed. Then subtract the measured reading by the zero error to
get the actual measurement.

How to use a micrometer screw gauge

Close the micrometer firmly, let the anvil and spindle touch each other, then read
the zero error. Open the micrometer approximately longer than the object to be
measured. Place the object between the anvil and the spindle. Tighten the
micrometer by turning the thimble directly until the spindle and anvil almost holds
the object, not firmly but loosely. Now, rotate the ratchet to hold the object firmly
until a few click sounds can be heard from the micrometer. This ensures that the
micrometer does not hold the object too tightly or too loosely, while also not
damaging the object to be measured. Apply the thimble lock or just get the reading
from the scale.

Reading from micrometer = Thimble reading + Sleeve reading - Zero error

The sleeve reading before touching the thimble scale is read for the thimble reading.
This reading is accurate for up to 0.01cm. Next, the thimble reading that touches the
sleeve scale axis is the thimble reading. This reading is accurate for up to 0.01mm.

How to use a ruler

Place the ruler parallel to the surface of object to be measured. Read the initial point
of where the object’s initial point is located on the ruler (normally 0cm). Now read
the end point of object located on the ruler. Make sure that each time you take a
reading, your eyes must be perpendicular to the scale to avoid parallax error.
A. Main handle G. Jaws
B. Frame H. Chuck
C. Drive wheel I. Pinion/Idle gear
D. Turning handle J. Handle bar
E. Bolt K. Side handle
F. Connector

Most of the parts of our project consists of cylindrical parts which drawing it with
CYLINDER commands then edit the model is not a professional way of drawing the
parts. To save time and create the parts much easily, we can use REVOLVE
command.

Simply start by drawing a outer frame with LINE command. To draw curves, simply
draw CIRCLE, then TRIM off the excess arcs. Once the 2D lines were created, simply
use the JOIN command to form a 2D shape. Then REVOLVE the 2D shape to form a
3D object. With this method you can edit the shape easily later such as SUBTRACT
and UNION.
Part A - Main Handle

To create part A here are the steps:

1. First create the outline of the handle using LINE command

Command: line
Specify first point: *,*
Specify next point or [Undo]: *,*

2. To create the curve, use CIRCLE command then TRIM the unwanted curves
Command: circle
Specify center point for circle or [3P 2P Ttr (tan tan radius)]: select axis
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: *

3. Next join the lines to form a 2D object.

Command: join
Select source object or multiple objects to join at once: select all lines to form a
single polyline

4. Use the revolve command to create a 3D object from the 2D polyline

Command: revolve
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: select the 2D triangle
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object X Y Z] <Object>: *
Specify axis endpoint: *
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle Reverse EXpression] <360>: *

5. Create the threads using HELIX command

Command: helix
Specify center point of base: 0,0 OR select base of the cylinder
Specify base radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: *
Specify top radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: *
Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint Turns turn Height tWist] <1.0000>: *

6. Create a small circle at the initial point of the helix, then create a 3D spring
Command: sweep
Select sweep path or [Alignment Base point Scale Twist]: select the helix

7. Create a combined 3D object with UNION command

Command: union
Select objects: select the 3D helix and revolved cylinder
Part B - Frame

To create part B here are the steps:

1. First create the cylinders in the middle using CYLINDER command

Use CYLINDER command to draw a big cylinder and small cylinder
Then SUBTRACT the small cylinder to create the hole

2. To create the support between the frame and the cylinder

Change the UCS to front
Use circle command to draw a circle on the surface of the cylinder
Using LINE command, draw two lines on the circle drawn
Draw the same shape
Then using LOFT command to make a solid shape of the support

3. Create the support of the whole frame

Change the UCS to left or right
Repeat step 2 to draw the shape
Use EXTRUDE command to make the solid shape of the support

4. Create the cone and half cylinder beside the cylinder

Create a shape on the surface of the cylinder using step 2 method
Make a similar shape but bigger than the previous shape drawn
Using LOFT command to make the solid shape

5. Create the the cylinder with helix

Create the cylinder by using CYLINDER command
Create a small cylinder inside the big cylinder
Subtract the small cylinder to make a hole of the cylinder
Make a helix by using HELIX command
Draw a small triangle and use SWEEP command to combine with the helix
Subtract the helix with triangle

6. Create the support between the main support and the cylinder with helix
Repeat step 2 to draw a similar shape but bigger in size
Draw the same shape in the main support
Then use LOFT command to make the solid shape

7. Use MIRROR and COPY command

Use MIRROR and COPY command to duplicate the parts

8. Use UNION command

Use UNION command to join all the parts into one object
Part C - Drive Wheel

To create part C here are the steps:

1. Create the wheel by using LINE command, JOIN them, then REVOLVE around an
axis for 360°.

2. Draw a trapezium with LINE, join them then EXTRUDE to form a gear tooth
Command: extrude
Select objects to extrude or [MOde]: select 2D polyline
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction Path Taper angle Expression]: *

3. Before rotating the gear tooth, first change the UCS to front
Command: ucs
Specify origin of UCS or [Face, NAmed, OBject Previous View World X Y Z ZAxis]
<World>: view OR front

4. Use the ROTATE command to align the gear tooth in position on the cylinder
Command: rotate
Specify base point: select vertex
Specify rotation angle or [Copy Reference] <0>: 90

5. To create the whole set of gear teeth, use polar array

Command: arraypolar
Select objects: select the 3D gear tooth made
Specify center point of array or [Base point Axis of rotation]: select center of
cylinder base
*Change number of array items through the ribbon

6. Create the bolt hole on the wheel with SUBTRACT command

Command: subtract
Select object: select solid to be subtract
Select object: select region to subtract

7. Create a combined 3D object with UNION command

Command: union
Select objects: select the wheel and the array of gear teeth
Part D - Turning Handle

To create part D here are the steps:

1. First create the outline of the handle using LINE command

Command: line
Specify first point: *,*
Specify next point or [Undo]: *,*

2. To create the curve, use CIRCLE command then TRIM the unwanted curves
Command: circle
Specify center point for circle or [3P 2P Ttr (tan tan radius)]: select axis
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: *

3. Next join the lines to form a 2D object.

Command: join
Select source object or multiple objects to join at once: select all lines to form a
single polyline

5. Use the revolve command to create a 3D object from the 2D polyline

Command: revolve
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: select the 2D triangle
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object X Y Z] <Object>: *
Specify axis endpoint: *
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle Reverse EXpression] <360>: *

6. Draw the bar with LINE command, then use EXTRUDE to form a 3D object
Command: extrude
Select objects to extrude or [MOde]: select 2D polyline
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction Path Taper angle Expression]: *

7. To create the holes on the bar, create the objects with step 6, then SUBTRACT
Command: subtract
Select object: select solid to be subtract
Select object: select region to subtract
Part E - Bolt

To create part E here are the steps:

1. Simply use the previous methods to create the object. Use LINE to draw the
outer frame, JOIN them, then REVOLVE around the axis at 360°. To create the
curve use CIRCLE then TRIM the excess edges.

2. Create the threads using HELIX command

Command: helix
Specify center point of base: 0,0 OR select base of the cylinder
Specify base radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: *
Specify top radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: *
Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint Turns turn Height tWist] <1.0000>: *

3. Create a small circle at the initial point of the helix, then create a 3D spring
Command: sweep
Select sweep path or [Alignment Base point Scale Twist]: select the helix

4. Create a combined 3D object with UNION command

Command: union
Select objects: select the 3D helix and revolved cylinder

5. Create a rectangle then use EXTRUDE command to create a cuboid

Command: extrude
Select objects to extrude or [MOde]: select 2D rectangle
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction Path Taper angle Expression]: *

6. Next create a hole in the bolt with SUBTRACT command

Command: subtract
Select object: select solid to be subtract
Select object: select region to subtract
Part F - Connector

To create part F here are the steps:

1. Similarly to the bolt, use the previous methods to create the object. Use LINE to
draw the outer frame, JOIN them, then REVOLVE around the axis at 360°. Using
CYLINDER command should not be a big problem either since the object is not
complex.

2. Create the threads using HELIX command

Command: helix
Specify center point of base: 0,0 OR select base of the cylinder
Specify base radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: *
Specify top radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: *
Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint Turns turn Height tWist] <1.0000>: *

3. Create a small circle at the initial point of the helix, then create a 3D spring
Command: sweep
Select sweep path or [Alignment Base point Scale Twist]: select the helix

4. Create a combined 3D object with UNION command

Command: union
Select objects: select the 3D helix and revolved cylinder
Part G - Jaws

To create part G here are the steps

1. Change the UCS to draw from the current view

Command: ucs
Specify origin of UCS or [Face, NAmed, OBject Previous View World X Y Z ZAxis]
<World>: view OR front

2. Draw the outline of the jaws to be revolved later

Command: line
Specify first point: *,*
Specify next point or [Undo]: *,*

3. Next join the lines to form a 2D polyline.

Command: join
Select source object or multiple objects to join at once: select all lines to form a
single polyline

4. Use the revolve command to create a 3D object from the 2D polyline

Command: revolve
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: select the 2D triangle
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object X Y Z] <Object>: *
Specify axis endpoint: *
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle Reverse EXpression] <360>: *

5. Change back the UCS to world then draw a circle at the axis of revolution
Command: circle
Specify center point for circle or [3P 2P Ttr (tan tan radius)]: select axis
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: *

6. Create a line up from a quadrant of the circle using OSNAP.

7. Now create the circular spring using SWEEP command

Command: sweep
Select sweep path or [Alignment Base point Scale Twist]: twist
Enter twist angle or allow banking for a non-planar sweep path [Bank
EXpression] <0.0000>: 10800 (product of 360x30)
Select sweep path or [Alignment Base point Scale Twist]: select circle

8. Adjust the spring and the jaws in position with the MOVE command if needed.
Part H - Chuck

To create part H here are the steps:

1. Change the UCS to draw from the current view

Command: ucs
Specify origin of UCS or [Face, NAmed, OBject Previous View World X Y Z ZAxis]
<World>: view OR front

2. Draw the outline of the chuck to be revolved later

Command: line
Specify first point: *,*
Specify next point or [Undo]: *,*

3. Next join the lines to form a 2D polyline.

Command: join
Select source object or multiple objects to join at once: select all lines to form a
single polyline

4. Use the revolve command to create a 3D object from the 2D polyline

Command: revolve
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: select the 2D triangle
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object X Y Z] <Object>: *
Specify axis endpoint: *
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle Reverse EXpression] <360>: *
Part I - Pinion

To create part I here are the steps:

1. First create the cylinders using CYLINDER command

Command: cylinder
Specify center point of base or [3P 2P Ttr Elliptical]: *,*,*
Specify base radius or [Diameter]: *
Specify height or [2Point Axis endpoint]: *

2. Next create a hole in the cylinder with SUBTRACT command

Command: subtract
Select object: select solid to be subtract
Select object: select region to subtract

3. Change the UCS to draw from the current view

Command: ucs
Specify origin of UCS or [Face, NAmed, OBject Previous View World X Y Z ZAxis]
<World>: view OR left OR right

8. Draw a triangle with LINE then JOIN the lines

Command: line
Specify first point: *,*
Specify next point or [Undo]: *,*

Command: join
Select source object or multiple objects to join at once: select all lines to form a
single polyline

5. Form a tooth solid from the triangle with REVOLVE command

Command: revolve
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: select the 2D triangle
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object X Y Z] <Object>: *
Specify axis endpoint: *
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle Reverse EXpression] <360>: *

6. Create the teeth of the gear with POLAR ARRAY

*Change the UCS back to world first
Command: arraypolar
Select objects: select the 3D gear tooth made
Specify center point of array or [Base point Axis of rotation]: select center of
cylinder base
*Change number of array items through the ribbon

7. Create the gear with UNION command

Command: union
Select objects: select all objects in the drawing
Part J - Handle Bar

To create part J here are the steps

1. Change the UCS to draw from the current view

Command: ucs
Specify origin of UCS or [Face, NAmed, OBject Previous View World X Y Z ZAxis]
<World>: front

2. Draw the outline of the handle bar to be revolved later

Command: line
Specify first point: *,*
Specify next point or [Undo]: *,*

3. Next join the lines to form a 2D polyline.

Command: join
Select source object or multiple objects to join at once: select all lines to form a
single polyline

4. Use the revolve command to create a 3D object from the 2D polyline

Command: revolve
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: select the 2D triangle
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object X Y Z] <Object>: *
Specify axis endpoint: *
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle Reverse EXpression] <360>: 360

5. Create the threads using HELIX command

Command: helix
Specify center point of base: 0,0 OR select base of the cylinder
Specify base radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: *
Specify top radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: *
Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint Turns turn Height tWist] <1.0000>: *

6. Create a small circle at the initial point of the helix, then create a 3D spring
Command: sweep
Select sweep path or [Alignment Base point Scale Twist]: select the helix

7. Create a combined 3D object with UNION command

Command: union
Select objects: select the 3D helix and revolved cylinder
Part K - Side Handle

To create part K here are the steps

1. First create the outline of the handle using LINE command

Command: line
Specify first point: *,*
Specify next point or [Undo]: *,*

2. To create the curve, use CIRCLE command then TRIM the unwanted curves
Command: circle
Specify center point for circle or [3P 2P Ttr (tan tan radius)]: select axis
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: *

3. Next join the lines to form a 2D object.

Command: join
Select source object or multiple objects to join at once: select all lines to form a
single polyline

4. Use the revolve command to create a 3D object from the 2D polyline

Command: revolve
Select objects to revolve or [MOde]: select the 2D triangle
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object X Y Z] <Object>: *
Specify axis endpoint: *
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle Reverse EXpression] <360>: *
 R14
R9
R4.5

R10

98
106113

R5
Thread .5mm 14
1mm height x14turns

DRAWN BY :LIAU ZHI JUN TITLE: PART A - MAIN HANDLE

SUBJECT:DNT123 COURSE:MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 3 82
4 4 4 6 14

16 4 6 18 1316

7
6
5
16

50
18
22 8 22

16 18
10
R5
R3 63 R5
126
Thread .5mm Thread .5mm
height 1mm x7 turns height 1mm x22 turns

DRAWN BY :LIAU ZHI JUN TITLE: PART B - FRAME

SUBJECT:DNT123 COURSE:MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 R7

R4

Gear teeth long 8mm

height 1.5mm,2.5mm
x56

80
8
1.5 2.5 7
16 15.5
Thread .25mm
height .5mm
3
R108.26 4
10

DRAWN BY : KHOO KENG SUEN TITLE: PART C - DRIVE WHEEL

SUBJECT: DNT123 COURSE: MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 R2.25
R4.5 R2.25 R2

22
7 3
R3
R9
9

30
34 39

8.5 17
6.5
15.25
36.5
86

DRAWN BY: KHOO KENG SUEN TITLE: PART D - TURNING HANDLE

SUBJECT: DNT123 COURSE: MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 R3.5
R2

1 4

4
1

R3
3

13

Thread .25mm
.5mm height x20 turns

DRAWN BY: KHOO KENG SUEN TITLE: PART E - BOLT

SUBJECT: DNT123 COURSE: MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 13
6

21

64

Thread .5mm
1mm height
x43 turns

DRAWN BY :LIAU ZHI JUN TITLE: PART F - CONNECTOR

SUBJECT:DNT123 COURSE:MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 R10
R5

5
10

8 Spring
Ø.4 with
4 Ø2

77°

DRAWN BY : CHONG MING EE TITLE: PART G - JAWS

SUBJECT:DNT123 COURSE:MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 R10
R9

27
23
13
5
Thread .5mm 10.5
17
1mm height
x10 turns
36

11
18

DRAWN BY : CHONG MING EE TITLE: PART H - CHUCK

SUBJECT:DNT123 COURSE:MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 R6.5
R3

gear teeth
x15

5
2

12 6

DRAWN BY :LIAU ZHI JUN TITLE: PART I - PINION/IDLE GEAR

SUBJECT:DNT123 COURSE:MECHATRONIC SCALE:1:2.5 DATE:
 R4

R2.25

5.52.5

56

DRAWN BY : CHONG MING EE TITLE: PART J - HANDLE BAR

SUBJECT:DNT123 COURSE:MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 R15
R9
R4

R11
11

42
48

18

DRAWN BY : CHONG MING EE TITLE: PART K - SIDE HANDLE

SUBJECT:DNT123 COURSE:MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
 E
F
D

G
C
H

PART NAME OF PARTS

B A MAIN HANDLE
B FRAME
C DRIVE WHEEL
D TURNING HANDLE
I E BOLT
F CHUCK
J G JAWS
H CONNECTOR
I PINION/IDLE GEAR

A J HANDLE BAR
K
K SIDE HANDLE

DRAWN BY: KHOO KENG SUEN TITLE: ASSEMBLY DRAWING (ISOMETRIC VIEW)
SUBJECT: DNT 123 COURSE: MECHATRONIC SCALE: DATE:
When we were assigned this mini project, our group decided to go for a manual
hand drill which were the object used for a mini project in DNT111 Engineering
Drawing in semester 1. The hand drill is a good option as it has curves, gears, bit
shapes and holes. It is manufactured by manual tools, thus not as complicated as
plastic moulded objects or CNC cutting, thus simplifies our work. It was immediately
approved by Mr Wan Shahrizal as it is relatively easy to draw but it meets the
standards for Computer Aided Drawing.

Since the three of us were under the same roof, we can have frequent meetings at
home and it is much easier to check on each other’s drawings. Meetings are not
required as normal conversation between us is enough to discuss for the project. We
started drafting our chosen object on a paper. After being clear with the dimensions,
we proceed to the drawing part.

The drawings were started in a much later time due to time constraints in finishing a
Mechatronics Workshop project, but we are quick enough to get the drawings done
in a week through teamwork and cooperation. One of the biggest problems is to
draw the chuck which holds the drill bit because the jaws of the chuck cannot be
removed from the chuck barrel and thus we need to measure the depths and figure
out the dimensions for it. Also the spring in the chuck is hard to measure, along with
its elastic nature. The spring is also drawn with SWEEP and TWIST for a helix to be in
a round shape. The gears in this project are not parallel gears but angled gears, thus
normal EXTRUDE will not work, but a UNION of POLAR ARRAY will work. To draw
ergonomic handles for the project, we used LOFT function to produce a 3D solid out
of a few circles drawn.

The drawings currently is a success and ready to be presented. We will hope for the
best for this project presentation and of course in our future career in engineering
drawings.
From the results of the project, Computer Aided Drawing does indeed simplifies our
work in producing drawings. It just requires a few basic functions to be understood
and executed to produce drawings but precision and time management comes along
with experience and wisdom in applying the best functions given by the software.

Engineers do need to consider the matter of accuracy in measurements. A slight

difference in measurements will produce an error in drawings. Also considering the
fact for negligible difference, it is ideal for us to draft the drawings first to adjust the
measurements before drawing.

CAD software produces neat and tidy drawings. One of the problems faced in
semester 1 Engineering Drawings is that manual drawings produces smudges and
marks when our hands are not cleaned well or the pencil marks are not erased
properly. CAD software allows clean deletion of unwanted lines and is able to apply
constant colours to the lines of our choice. Layers also help to organize our drawings
into editable groups.

CAD software does require skill and understanding of the functions available in the
software. It also does require a computer of good graphics and processor to produce
the drawings smoothly.

We were able to achieve the objectives which is to measure and analyze the
dimensions of the object, produce a drawing and make it presentable to the
audience.

All in all, the drawings produced are relatively similar to the real life object, thus it is
satisfactory and the project is successful.