Relative clauses: For each of the questions choose the one correct answer.

1. Aberdeen, _______ my brother lives, is a town in Scotland.

a. where
b. which
c. who
d. when
2. Which word is NOT possible?
My parents live in the same house ________ they bought 50 years ago.
a. that
b. which
c. ---
d. what
3. Sheila, ________ lives next door, is a dinner-lady in our local school.
a. who
b. that
c. ---
d. which
4. The senior managers, with ________ we are meeting next week, are promising a
big money deal.
a. who
b. whom
c. which
d. whose
5. I met this woman yesterday _________ husband plays golf with my husband!
a. who
b. whom
c. whose
d. who's
6. The house _______ I live in is 150 years old.
a. where
b. which
c. who
d. what
7. That’s the shop _________ window is really original
a. which
b. where
c. whose
8. I can’t remember ______ firm he works for
a. that
b. whose
c. which
9. I can’t understand _____________ you’re saying
a. which
b. that
c. what
10. What do you know about the man ________ son won the lottery?
a. who
b. whose
c. which
11. A secret is something _______ you only tell one person.
a. who
b. which
c. where
12. A bank is a place ____ you can borrow money.
a. who
b. which
c. where
13. Clowns are people___ makes you laugh.
a. whose
b. who
c. what

JOIN THESE SENTENCES WITH WHO, WHOSE OR WHICH

1. The police haven’t found the man. He stole my car.
2. I was at school with the man. He is driving that taxi.
3. I’ve got a friend. He collects stamps
4. There’s a problem. It worries me.
5. He is Anton. He lives with Mary.
6. Monica also helps in the bar. The bar is run by Erwin.
7. I saw a girl. Her beauty took my breath away.
8. I don’t like people. They can’t laugh at themselves.
9. They are the children. Their team won the match.
10. She is the woman. Her book won the first prize.

WRITE SENTENCES WITH WHO, WHICH ORWHERE

That / the / dog / always barks at night
That’s the dog which always barks at night.
1. She / the woman / lives next door to me
2. That / the shop / I bought my dress
3. He / the actor / was in Friends
4. They / the children / broke my window
5. This / the restaurant / they do great pizza
6. He / the teacher / teaches my sister
7. That / the room / we have our meetings
8. Aphrodite / Greek goddess / represented love and beauty.
NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
WRITE SENTENCES WITH WHO, WHICH, WHOSE OR WHERE
Alexander the Great/father/King Philip of Macedonia/born 365 BC
Alexander the Great, whose father was King Philip of Macedonia, was born in 365
BC.
1. Taj Mahal / outside Agra / built as a testimony to love.
2. Catacombs / earlier Christians were buried / a maze of underground passages.
3. Mozart / father was a violinist at court / learnt to play the piano /at three years
old.
4. Dorothy / does my hair / has just had a baby.
5. My brother / lives in Canada / is an architect.
6. Time magazine / is available in every country in the world / is published every
week
Match the parts and write sentences with a non-defining relative clause. Use who
or which.

The Grand Canyon He was in prison for 27 years. He was one of the Beatles.
Nelson Mandela He was killed in 1980. He became President of South
Africa.
John Lennon It is 140 million miles away. It is one of the wonders of the world.
The Titanic It is over 200 miles long. It is known as the red planet.
Queen Victoria It sank in 1912. It stood for 28 years.
Mars It was built in 1961. It was supposed to be unsinkable.
The Berlin Wall She came to the throne in 1837. She ruled over the British
Empire.
The Grand Canyon, which is over 200 miles long, is one of the wonders of the world.

1
2
3
4
5
6

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES BY CHOOSING BETWEEN A, B, C OR D

1. The plane…………………has just taken off is an hour late.
a) it b) what c) which d) who
2. My friend Nigel,……………. works in the City, earns much more than I do.
a) that b) which c) who d) whose
3. Martin is someone with .........................I usually agree.
a) him b) that c) who d) whom
4. Atlanta is the city………… the Olympic Games were held in 1996.
a) that b) when c) where d) which
5. Vicky, ……name was missed of the list, wasn’t very pleased.
a) who b) whose c) where d)which
6. Aunt Jessie, ……….is a bit deaf, didn’t hear the phone.
a) whose b )which c) that d) who
7. I’ll see you near the post office, ……….. we met the other day
a) that b) which c) where d) ----
Complete this advertisement. Put in who, whom, whose, which, where or
why.
Fill in the gaps with which, who, whose, where
The town of Keswick, which lies at the heart of the Lake District, is the perfect
place for a holiday, and the Derwent Hotel, (1)…………… overlooks the town, is
the perfect place to stay. Robin and Wendy Jackson, (2)……………. bought this
small hotel three years ago, have already won an excellent reputation. Robin,
(3)…………. ... cooking is one of the reasons why the Derwent is so popular,
was once Young Chef of the Year. The comfort of the guests, (4)…………… the
owners treat almost as members of
the family, always comes first. Peter Ustinov, (5)……………. once stayed at the
hotel, described it as 'marvellous'. And the Lake District, (6)………….. has so
much wonderful scenery and (7)…………… the poet Wordsworth lived, will not
disappoint you.

Complete the story about a thief's punishment. Use who, that, which or
whose
This is a true story which is supposed to have happened somewhere in the US.
A man (1)…………. was accused of housebreaking appeared in court. He had
put his arm through the window of a house and stolen some money (2)
……………. was lying on a table inside. The argument (3)……………. the man's
lawyer put forward wasn't very impressive. He said that it was the man's arm (4)
…………….had committed the crime and not the man himself. 'You cannot
punish a man for what his arm has done,' said the lawyer. Now the judge in (5)
……………. court the man was appearing wanted to show how stupid the
lawyer's argument was. Instead of finding the man guilty, he found the man's
arm guilty and sent it to prison. 'He can go with his arm or not, as he chooses,'
the judge added, (6)……………... made everyone laugh. But what the judge
didn't know was that the man had an artificial arm. He took the arm off, gave it
to the judge - (7)…………….. could hardly believe his eyes - and walked out of
the court.
First and second conditional CONTRAST
Some students get confused by the difference between the first and second
conditional. Look at these two sentences;
a) If she works harder, she'll pass her exams.
b) If she worked harder, she'd pass her exams.
The difference between the two sentences can be found by asking the question,
'Is she going to work harder?' In sentence a) the answer is, 'Maybe - and maybe
not'. The answer to sentence b) is, 'Probably not'. The difference is the idea in
the speaker's mind of what is going to happen. The if-event in a first conditional
sentence is more likely to happen than the if-event in a second conditional.

Circle the correct answer to the questions below.

1 'If Mary found out what was happening, she'd be very angry.'
Is Mary going to find out what's happening?
A Maybe (B)Probably not
2 'If Mary finds out what's happening, she'll be very angry.'
Is Mary going to find out what's happening?
A Maybe E Probably not
3 'If they sacked him, the factory would go on strike.'
Are they going to sack him?
A Maybe B Probably not
4 'If they sack him, the factory will go on strike.'
Are they going to sack him?
A Maybe B Probably not
5 'What would you do if someone told us to leave?
Is someone going to tell us to leave?
A Maybe B Probably not
6 'What will you do if someone tells us to leave?'
Is someone going to tell us to leave?
A Maybe B Probably not
7 'If they don't agree with me, I'll go to the director.'
Are they going to agree with me?
A Maybe B Probably not
8 'If they didn't agree with me, I'd go to the director.'
Do they usually agree with me?
A Maybe B Yes C No
FILL IN THE GAPS. CHOOSE BETWEEN A, B OR C
FIRST CONDITIONAL
1. If we star walking, the bus ____ come.
a) come b) came c) will come
2. James _____ come to the party if his ex-girlfriend is here.
a) won’t b) don’t c) doesn’t
3. If we ____queues, the other will move more quickly
a) change b) will change c) changed

SECOND CONDITIONAL
1. If we had a garden, we ____ a dog
a) will have b) would have c) had
2. If I _____ you, I’d to your girlfriend
a) were b)am c) be
3. I would enjoy the weekend more if I________ need the money
a)will b) would c) to

THIRD CONDITIONAL
1. If I had been hungry, I ______ something
a) will have eaten b) would have eaten c) would eat
2. If I ______, I would have gone to visit you.
a) have known b) would have known c) had known
3. If I had had some money on me, I _________ a taxi
a) would have got b)will have got c) will get

WRITE THESE SENTENCES USING THE CORRECT CONDITIONAL

1. She (call) you if she (have) time.
She'll call you If she has time.
2.If it costs too much, I (buy) a smaller one.

3. If the doctor can't see me, I (go) somewhere else.

4. If he (get up) earlier, he'd get to work on time.

5. If John hadn’t eaten so much cake, he (not be sick)

6. Mary (be) worried if you don't come to the airport.

7. The children would be better swimmers if they (go) swimming more frequently.

8. If I (be) Mary, I wouldn’t have paid $200 for that dress

9. If I (be) you, I wouldn't worry about going to university.

10. What will we do if the taxi (not come)?

11. I will lend them some money if they (ask) me.

12. If I had to go to hospital, (not go) to this one.

13. If I could have stopped, there (not be) an accident

14. If I (have) any money, I'd give you some.

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN BRACKETS
Example: If you’re going to help tomorrow, I’ll get up (get up) a bit later
1. Don’t worry. If I needed your help, I ________________________________ (ask) for it.
2. If I _________________________________ (stay) in the sun too long, I get a headache.
3. If I _________________ (Know) you were coming, I would have kept some food for you.
4. I would tell you the truth if I _________________________________________ (be) you.
5. I won’t answer the phone if you _______________________________ (not want) me to.
Write these sentences, putting the verbs into the present perfect continuous.
1 'What (you do) today?' 'I (play) tennis.'
'What have you been doing today?' I've been playing tennis.'
2 'How long (you study) English?'
3 'Oh, David! I (look) for you!'
4 'Pat (live) here for twenty-five years.'
5 'I'm tired. We (walk) all day.'
6 'How long (you learn) to drive?'
7 'I (wait) here for ages.5
8 'She's bad-tempered because she (work] too hard.
9 'They (watch) football since three o'clock.'
10 'Why (you see) your parents so much recently?'
11 'The children look exhausted. What (they do)?'
12 'She should pass the exam. She (study) for weeks.'
13 'Your mother sends her love. I (just speak) to her on the phone.
14 'I (work) here since I was eighteen.'
15 I (learn) English since I was six.
16 She (play) tennis professionally for ten years.