UPQ-Technical Description - UPQ-Power Sales - GR - PSL

UPQ - Technical description
UPQ 750kVA 400V 3 sec
Author Approved Date Version
Aki Leinonen Jyri Öörni 1.6.2017 PowerSales_GR

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Author: Aki Leinonen
UPQ - Technical description – Appendix I Date: 2.6.2017
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1 Table of Contents
2 Summary of UPQ operation ..............................................................................................4

2.1 Power protection mode .................................................................................................5
2.2 Power quality mode.......................................................................................................6
3 Merus M500 – power module ...........................................................................................7
3.1 Operation description of Merus – power module ...........................................................7
3.2 Control and protection system .......................................................................................8
3.3 HMI, monitoring and protection .....................................................................................9
3.4 Ultra capacitor energy storage ....................................................................................12
4 Static switch – thyristor valve ..........................................................................................12
5 UPQ Sustainable Development ......................................................................................13
6 Specification of UPQ 750kVA at 400V 50Hz – 2 second .................................................14
6.1 Basic characteristic .....................................................................................................14
6.2 Controller and Human-machine interface ....................................................................16
6.3 Power back up operation mode ...................................................................................16
6.4 Active filter and dynamic reactive power operation mode ............................................18
6.5 Utility connection and static switch ..............................................................................18
6.6 Coupling transformer...................................................................................................19
Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

Tel/fax: +358-3-2255344 www.meruspower.fi VAT No: FI22307759
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Table of figures
Figure 1 UPQ basic configuration ................................................................................................4

Figure 1 Activation of UPQ in power protection operation mode ..................................................5
Figure 1 UPQ in power protection operation mode ......................................................................6
Figure 1 UPQ in power quality operation mode ...........................................................................7
Figure 3 Merus M500 – power module ........................................................................................8
Figure 3 Typical main control display.........................................................................................11
Figure 3 Ultra capacitor stack, 1500kW 1 seconds ....................................................................12
Figure 3 Lay out drawing of Merus UPQ 1500kVA – side view ..................................................20
Figure 3 Lay out drawing of Merus UPQ 1500kVA – top view....................................................21
Figure 3 Lay out drawing of Merus UPQ 1500kVA – terminal detals ..........................................22

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2 Summary of UPQ operation
The primary purpose of the system is to eliminate voltage sags and voltage interruptions at
load bus. This operation mode is called power protection mode. Whenever utility supply
voltage is within predefined range, the UPQ controls continuously power quality via
harmonic current mitigation.
Merus A - Series Uninterrupted Power Quality (UPQ) system incorporates with power
electronic units equipped with ultra capacitor energy storage, static switch and intelligent
control and protection system.
The operation of UPQ system is controlled based on voltage signals measured from utility
and load bus as well as current signals measured from load and incoming feeder.
In - out Inverter Energy Storage
T1
Protect.
&
control
+
S1 V1 -
T2 UPQ
Figure 1 UPQ basic configuration

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2.1 Power protection mode
In the event of power outages or voltage sags in the utility, the power protection mode is
activated in Merus UPQ and static switch isolates critical load from utility system. During
this mode, Merus UPQ injects real active power and reactive power to the loads, ensuring
complete immunity to the mission critical processes from short-term outages, voltage sags
and swells. This guarantees maximum system availability and process reliability. The
activation threshold can be set to meet system requirements, typically ± 10 from nominal
voltage.
Figure 2 Activation of UPQ in power protection operation mode

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Figure 3 UPQ in power protection operation mode
2.2 Power quality mode
After the fault is cleared, Merus UPQ returns to its normal operation mode which provides
power quality functionality. During this mode, it actively filters harmonic distortions and
performs flicker mitigation and load balancing, as well as improves power factor and controls
voltage.
1. Harmonic current and voltage mitigation

2. Compensating total reactive power
3. Reducing voltage fluctuation and flicker

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Figure 4 UPQ in power quality operation mode
3 Merus M500 – power module
3.1 Operation description of Merus – power module
The power module is based on power electronic switches and high power dc capacitors that
form large energy storage. State of the art 3-level NPC topology has been utilized enabling
low loss operation, high DC voltage and the best performance due high switching frequency.
The dc voltage level of the energy storage has been controlled to be higher than ac supply
system peak voltage value continuously in power quality mode and in the end of power
protection mode. This enables current flow from the energy storage to the supply system
according to the defined control algorithm, the inputs of which are measured current and
voltage signals from the load and voltage to be compensated.
The ripple current of the converter has been canceled by low pass filter. The result is clean
defined current waveform with no disturbing ripple current.
The high frequency operation combined with real time control system enables instant
response for the load changes. In the power protection mode UPQ delivers required voltage
and power according to the energy storage capacity. And power quality mode the output

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reactive current is all the time same as the measured load current but in opposite phase
angle.
The modern IGBT technology allows overloading within power electronic thermal limits. The
temperature of the each semiconductor is continuously monitored and overloading period
is allowed accordingly.
Figure 5 Merus M500 – power module
3.2 Control and protection system
Each module has an independent integrated control and protection system of its own. The
core of the system is high performance DSP / FPGA board. This processor family is widely
used in industrial, medical and military applications. The control and protection tasks have
been shared between processors so that the best features each type of processor have

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been utilized. The DSP has been allocated for operations running at 50 us time level such
as complex floating point calculations, thermal protection and communications. The FPGA
has been allocated for simpler operations that are running at high frequency (0.2-1us time
level) such as IGBT switching, IGBT short circuit protection and over current protection.
The control and protection system takes care about:
1. Controlling output voltage and current based on measured signals

2. Logical operations like, start and stop sequence
3. Communication to the HMI
4. Alarms
5. Protections
The control and protection system is a robust industry design. The electronics have been
specified for use in hot environments (70°C) with passive cooling for reliability (no internal
cooling fans required). All the interfaces utilize galvanic isolation in order to have high
immunity to electrical disturbances. The housing of the electronics is aluminum to ensure
highest EMC industrial immunity according to IEC 61000-4.
Electronic components and their connections are shock and vibration proof enabling safe
train transportation or installation for seismic zone.
3.3 HMI, monitoring and protection
Local human machine interface utilizes panel 7 inch touch screen panel PC which
communicates with control and protection system via Ethernet. All the logical operations like
start and stop sequence can be controlled via HMI. Events are recorded and stored into the
HMI memory.
There are four categories of the events system is monitoring:
1. Normal events are giving information when such operations like start and stop
sequence have been taken place.
2. Informative alarms are giving information when such operations, like ac voltage high
have been noticed but ac voltage has return back to normal operation level.

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3. Action alarms, like IGBT temperature high, shall limit output current in order to get
IGBT temperature back to normal operation range.
4. Trips, like IGBT temperature max, shall cause system trip. This case operator needs
to go maintain reason of the trip and acknowledge error before re-starting.
Control and protection system on the UPQ is capable to analyze and calculate power quality
parameters from the measured voltage and current signals. Following power quality
parameters from load and system feeder shall be monitored in graphical user interface.
1. Line to line ac voltages

2. Line to neutral ac voltages
3. Utility and Load active power
4. Utility and reactive power
5. Utility and current
6. Total harmonic current distortion Ithd
7. Each individual harmonic current 1..25th
8. Total harmonic voltage distortion Uthd
9. Each individual harmonic current 2..25th
Bar spectrum diagram of harmonic currents and voltages can be shown in graphical user
interface.
Three phase current and voltage wave forms can be shown in graphical user interface.
At least five power quality parameters can be possible to select for trend recoding purpose.
The trend recordings shall be shown in in graphical user interface for one month cycling
period.

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Figure 6 Typical main control display

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3.4 Ultra capacitor energy storage
The ultra capacitors used for the energy

storage are manufactured from special
kind of films and coatings they unite large
capacitance, small self-inductance and
high current sustaining capability.
Design life of the ultra capacitors in UPQ
use is 15 years at 25°C. The discharge
cycle life may be is more than 500 000
cycles.
The ultra capacitor temperature is
continuously monitored. In the first stage
alarm of unusual high temperature shall
be given via HMI and therefore preventing
maintenance can be done when UPQ
system is in operation. In the final stage
trip is provided if ultra capacitor
temperature has reach dangerous high
live.
Voltage of each capacitor unit can be
measured when UPQ is in operation.
Ultra capacitor manufacturer LS Mtron,
Korea
Figure 7 Ultra capacitor stack
4 Static switch – thyristor valve
The electrical part of the thyristor valve consists of series connected antiparallel thyristor
pairs, snubber components and Thyristor Level Electronics (TLE).

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The structure is made simple and the number of components is minimized to improve
reliability. However, there are sophisticated features, as expected in a modern thyristor
valve design.
5 UPQ Sustainable Development
Sustainable development is a key consideration at Merus Powers. As a CleanTech (Clean

technology) company, impact on the environment is kept in mind from product design,
component sourcing, manufacturing, operations, dismantle to final recycling. Merus UPQ
resonate our environmental philosophy which emphasize on energy efficiency and resource
efficiency thus minimum greenhouse gas emissions.
Design
▪ Merus UPQ innovative design deliver functionality of two different equipment into a
single solution, thus requiring fewer components and enabling resource optimization.
▪ Unlike conventional UPS, Merus UPQ actively cancels harmonic distortions.
Cancelling harmonic distortions mean need of smaller diesel gensets, transformers,
cables and other electrical equipment.
▪ Easy tailoring of functionality from harmonic mitigation to voltage variation control to
power protection prohibit the solution to be obsolete when nature of the technical
issues keeps changing in modern facilities
▪ Modular design allows ease of scalability which permits right sizing of the solution to
meet existing needs more efficiently.
Components
▪ Use of single device instead of two different devices means requirement of fewer
electronic components
▪ Use of power efficient electronic components
▪ Components used in Merus UPQ are sourced from carefully selected suppliers who
place great emphasis on sustainability in their production processes
Manufacturing
▪ All packaging waste is recycled

▪ Energy consumption is optimized during manufacturing and testing process

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In operation
▪ Canceling harmonic distortions results in reduced I2R losses and saves energy
▪ Reduced CO2 emissions of the plants where installed
▪ Unlike conventional solution, these are installed parallel to the loads and have higher
efficiencies typically up to 99%
▪ Under low load conditions, smart operation turns off the fans resulting in lower system
losses.
▪ By also cancelling harmonics, it creates more capacity in existing electrical network
and optimize its use.
▪ Improving power quality with Merus UPQ means need of fewer replacement of
electronic components and production losses at the plant.
Dismantle and recycle
▪ Safety instructions are provided in product instruction and operation manual

▪ End of life and recycling instructions are provided in product instruction and operation
manual
6 Specification of UPQ 750kVA at 400V 50Hz – 3 second
6.1 Basic characteristic
Nominal power 750kVA at 400V – 50/60Hz
Nominal energy 750kW at 3 seconds
Nominal input voltage 400V ±10%

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Power system 3 -Phase + Neutral (4-Wire)
Transformer star point ground reference (TN)
Overvoltage category III
Rated frequency 50Hz or 60Hz ±5Hz
Power losses at power back up standby

<1%
mode (typical)
Cooling AF
Protection degree IP 21 for indoor installation
Pollution IEC Pollution decree rating 2
Ambient temperature 0…40°C, without de-rating
Humidity Maximum 95% RH; non-condensing
Cabinet Sheet steel freestanding cabinet as per EN 10327-

DX51D Galvanized Steel Sheet , S = 2 mm
Cabinet color Powder painting RAL7035
Dimensions (Width x Depth x Height) 3600 x 2100 x 2290 mm
Weight 5 600 kg
Standards Safety standard: EN 50178
EMC standards: EN 61000-6-2 and EN 61000-6-4

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6.2 Controller and Human-machine interface
Controller Real time digital control with FFT
Human-machine interface (HMI) 7” easy to use touch screen interface
HMI languages 8 languages including English-German-Spanish-

Chinese-Russian. Others on request
Monitoring On-site and remote monitoring possibilities
Reports data of power quality events up to

Reporting previous one month
Communication Ethernet / RS485, ModBus
6.3 Power back up operation mode
Nominal apparent power 750kVA at 3 seconds
Nominal active power 750kW at 3 seconds
Inverter maximum operating period 60 seconds at 50% output power
Inverter maximum operating period 5 seconds at 100% output power (typical)
Displacement power factor of connected 0.5 lagging to 0.9 leading

load
Voltage settling time < 5 ms (typical)
Transition time ≤ ¼ Cycle

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Minimum output voltage ≥ 90% at the end of discharge
Voltage distortion Uthd < 2.5% for linear load
Output frequency of inverter matches the supply

frequency at the point of the time of
synchronization. If the utility supply has too low
Output frequency
frequency to lock onto inverter shall continue to run
at previous long term average frequency of the
utility supply.
Frequency accuracy 0.1%
Voltage distortion Uthd < 2.5% for linear load
Voltage unbalance < 1% when load power is balancend
Fault capacity 100%
Energy storage type Ultra capacitors
Energy storage capacity 750kW at 3 seconds (in the end of design life)
Recommended operating temperature 15…25°C
Design life 10 years at 25°C
Cycle life ≥ 500 000
Recharge time < 45 s
Charging capacity 100 A
External charger capacity 30 A

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6.4 Active filter and dynamic reactive power operation mode
Nominal reactive power ± 145kvar
Nominal current 200A
Harmonic performance up to 31st
All harmonics/All harmonics but not

Operating modes fundamental/Selective harmonics
Response time << 1 ms / 1 cycle (selective mode)
6.5 Utility connection and static switch
Nominal current 2600A
Static switch type SCR
Overload current, maximum interval once 120% for 60s

per every 10 minutes
150% for 30s
200% for 10s
300% for 5s
Cooling AF
Standard IEC60146
By pass circuit breaker 4000A 3P air circuit breaker
Nominal breaking capacity 65kA

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Operation Motor
Inverter main circuit breaker 4000A 3P air circuit breaker
Nominal breaking capacity 65kA
Protection Digital relay, I>>, >
Operation Motor
6.6 Coupling transformer
Nominal power Continues capacity based on active filtering

operation mode plus short term capacity based on
power back up operation mode
Ratio 400 / 525
Impedance 4%
Type Dry
UL insulation class H
Temperature rise class A / 60K in the end of short term full load operation
Standards IEC 60076 and IEC 61378

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Figure 8 Lay out drawing of Merus UPQ 750kVA – side view

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Figure 9 Lay out drawing of Merus UPQ 750kVA – top view

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Figure 10 Lay out drawing of Merus UPQ 750kVA – terminal details


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UPQ - Technical description

UPQ 750kVA 400V 3 sec

Author Approved Date Version

Aki Leinonen Jyri Öörni 1.6.2017 PowerSales_GR

2 Summary of UPQ operation ..............................................................................................4

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

Figure 1 UPQ basic configuration ................................................................................................4

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

2 Summary of UPQ operation

In - out Inverter Energy Storage

Figure 1 UPQ basic configuration

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

2.1 Power protection mode

Figure 2 Activation of UPQ in power protection operation mode

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

Figure 3 UPQ in power protection operation mode

2.2 Power quality mode

1. Harmonic current and voltage mitigation

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

Figure 4 UPQ in power quality operation mode

3 Merus M500 – power module

3.1 Operation description of Merus – power module

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

Figure 5 Merus M500 – power module

3.2 Control and protection system

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

The control and protection system takes care about:

1. Controlling output voltage and current based on measured signals

3.3 HMI, monitoring and protection

There are four categories of the events system is monitoring:

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

1. Line to line ac voltages

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

Figure 6 Typical main control display

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

3.4 Ultra capacitor energy storage

The ultra capacitors used for the energy

Figure 7 Ultra capacitor stack

4 Static switch – thyristor valve

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

5 UPQ Sustainable Development

Sustainable development is a key consideration at Merus Powers. As a CleanTech (Clean

▪ All packaging waste is recycled

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

Dismantle and recycle

▪ Safety instructions are provided in product instruction and operation manual

6 Specification of UPQ 750kVA at 400V 50Hz – 3 second

6.1 Basic characteristic

Nominal power 750kVA at 400V – 50/60Hz

Nominal energy 750kW at 3 seconds

Nominal input voltage 400V ±10%

Merus Power Dynamics Oy Pirkkalaistie 1, 37100 NOKIA, FINLAND Y-No: 2230775-9

Power system 3 -Phase + Neutral (4-Wire)

Transformer star point ground reference (TN)

Overvoltage category III

Rated frequency 50Hz or 60Hz ±5Hz

Power losses at power back up standby

Protection degree IP 21 for indoor installation

Pollution IEC Pollution decree rating 2

Ambient temperature 0…40°C, without de-rating

Humidity Maximum 95% RH; non-condensing

Cabinet Sheet steel freestanding cabinet as per EN 10327-