TITLE: Characteristics of Dicotyledon and Monocotyledon plants

MEMBERS:
CLETO, Zyv Cube
LABAYAN, Kyle Germane Espiritu
ESPEJO, Tia Julienne Paras
MANANSALA, Juliana Ma. Therese De Leon
OPEÑA, Bea Delmonte
PAGAL, Julia Rachel Tempel
RODRIGUEZ, Angel Mikaella Alcantara
PROBLEM: What are the different characteristics of the internal structure of the different plants
such as in monocots and dicots?
HYPOTHESIS: Dicot and Monocot plants have different structures under the microscope
MATERIALS:
Leaves (monocot and dicot) 2 Glass slides Betadine
Stem (monocot and dicot) 2 cover slips Microscope
Roots (monocot and dicot) Blade / Cutter
Onion skin Water
PROCEDURES:
Leaves
1. Get the monocot and dicot leaves
2. Cut it both in longitudinal-sections to see the specimen’s internal structure using a blade
3. Place it under the microscope and view it in HPO and LPO
Stem
1. Get the monocot and dicot stems
2. Cut it both in cross-sections to see the stems’ internal structure using a blade
3. Put the sliced stem on the glass slide
4. Place it under the microscope and view it in HPO and LPO
Roots
1. Get the monocot and dicot roots
2. Cut it both in longitudinal-sections to see the specimen’s internal structure
3. Put the sliced root on the glass slide
4. Add a drop a water. This is to suspend the specimen between the slide and cover slip and
adhesive forces between water and glass slide will hold the cover slip in place.
5. Place it under the microscope and view it in HPO and LPO
Onion
1. Get a thin slice of the onion skin from the onion.
2. Put it on a glass slide
3. Add a drop of betadine on the onion skin. Iodine is often used to stain onion cells before
microscopic examination to enhance the visibility of the cells.
4. Place a cover slip on top of the onion skin
5. View the structure of the onion skin under the microscope in HPO and LPO.
Observation

DICOT LEAF DICOT STEM

MONOCOT LEAF MONOCOT STEM

ONION SKIN DICOT ROOT MONOCOT ROOT

CONCLUSION
The data gathered from the observation presented distinct characteristics of monocot and
dicot plants. The main difference is that monocot leaf, on either side, contains similar amount of
stomata. However, the dicot has few in the upper surface and plentiful amount at its lower
surface.
Furthermore, monocots leaves have small spaces in between cells. On the other hand, the
dicot leaves have wide spaces in between them. On the leaves' surfaces, monocot leaves have
identical cuticle. For dicot leaves, the lower layer has a narrow cuticle and broad cuticle in the
upper layer.