KARATINA UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS
2018/2019 ACADEMIC YEAR
THIRD YEAR FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION
FOR THE DEGREE OF:
BACHELOR OF (AST, ACS, SCE,SC&BED)
COURSE CODE: MAT 314

COURSE TITLE: ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS I

DATE:28th Nov, 2018 TIME: 9.00am-12.00noon

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES
 SEE INSIDE

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ANSWER QUESTION ONE AND TWO IN SECTION A AND ANY OTHER THREE
QUESTIONS IN SECTION B

SECTION A(31MARKS)

QUESTION ONE (15marks)

a) Define the order and degree of an ordinary differential equation and hence classify
3
 d 2x 
5
 dx 
the differential equation  2   2   7 (4marks)
 dt   dt 

dy
b) Find the particular solution of the differential equation 5  2 x  3, given the
dx
2
boundary conditions y  1 when x  2. (3marks)
5
1
dy
c) Find the general solution of  2 y  xy 2 (3marks)
dx

d2y
d) The equation of motion of a body oscillating on the end of a spring is  100 x  0 ,
dx 2
where 𝑥 is the displacement in meters of the body from its equilibrium position after
dx
time t seconds. Determine 𝑥 in terms of 𝑡 given that at time 𝑡 = 0, 𝑥 = 2𝑚 and 0
dt
. (5marks)

QUESTION TWO (16marks)

a) Find the general solution and hence solve the stated initial value problem for
y   4 y   4 y  0 with y (0)  3 and y (0)  1 . (3marks)

dy
b) Solve  y  xy 3 (4marks)
dx
c) Solve the differential equation 2 y   11 y  12 y  3 x  2 (4marks)

d) The oscillations of a heavily damped pendulum satisfy the differential equation ,

dx 2 dx
2
 6  8 x  0 where 𝑥𝑐𝑚 is the displacement of the bob at time 𝑡 seconds. The
dt dt

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 initial displacement is equal to +4cm and the initial velocity is 8cm/s. Solve the
equation for x. (5marks)

SECTION B (39 MARKS)

QUESTION THREE (13marks)
a) Find the general solution of the second order variable coefficient equation
xy   3xy   4 y  Inx, x0 (9marks)

dy x y3
b) Solve the equation  (4marks)
dx 2 x  2 y  5

QUESTION FOUR (13marks)

d2y dy
a) Find the general solution of 9 2
 24  6 y  0 and also the particular solution
dt dt
dy
given the boundary conditions that when t  0, y  3 (5marks)
dt
xdy x 2  y 2
b) Find the particular solution of the equation  , given the boundary
dx y
conditions that 𝑦 = 4 when 𝑥 = 1. (5marks)
c) Show that the equation 3x( xy  2)dx  ( x 3  2 y)dy  0 is exact. (3marks)

QUESTION FIVE (13marks

dp dv
a) For an adiabatic expansion of a gas cv  cp  0 where c v and c p are constants.
p v
cp
Given n  ,show that pv n = constant. (5marks)
cv

b) Find the general solution of y   5 y   6 y  4e  x  5 sin x . (8marks)

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QUESTION SIX (13marks)
a) Find the general solution of the equation

d2y dy
2
 4  13 y  0 (3marks)
dx dx
d 2 y dy
b) Solve the equation x   4x3 y  x5 (10marks)
dx 2 dx

QUESTION SEVEN (13marks)

a) Use an operator method to determine a particular solution of the differential

d2y dy
equation; 2
 2  3 y  xe x
dx dx (7 marks)
b) Differential equation ( D 2  2D  8) y  0 has the solution y  C1e 4 x  C2 e 2 x .

Determine the solution of the following differential equation using the method of
the variation of parameters;
( D 2  2D  8) y  8x  4 (6 marks)

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