DAY Prosodic Features

1-2 Colloquialism and Slang Expressions

At the end of the lesson, the learner

will be able to:
 Understand the difference
between Riddles and Proverbs
 Know the different Folk
Narratives in Philippine
Literature
 Differentiate simile, metaphor
and personification.

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Pre-Activity:
Arrange the following words

DDLRIE

SVRBOERP

KOFL SNRRITEAAV

GURESIF FO EEPSHC

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 In the olden days and even today in some ares of the
country,social events in the Philippines have been
accompanied by poetry and music. You surely know
some riddles, proverbs, songs, fables, folktales, myths
and/or legends. To understand our lesson today, read
page 24 and answer Exercise 1 on page 25 and Exercise 3
on page 26.

Riddles play on words that will make you

think and analyse.

Proverbs are words of wisdom rooted in our ancestors

Folk Narratives include myths and legends that

recount why things, people, events, etc exist.

Figure of Speech express meanings beyond the

literal, analysis and discernment are needed.

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 Riddle - A riddle is a question, a puzzle, a phrase, or a
statement devised to get unexpected or clever answers.

Examples:
 It is so fragile that if you say its name you break it,
what is it?
Answer: It is silence.
 I have a head, I have a tail, but I do not have a body. I am
neither a lizard nor a snake. Then, guess what am I?
Answer: I am a coin.
 It can run and does not walk, has a mouth and does not talk,
has a head and does not weep, has a bed and does not sleep?
Answer: It is a river.
(Note: Solve the riddles on page 25-26)
Proverbs - A proverb is a brief, simple, and popular saying, or a
phrase that gives advice and effectively embodies a
commonplace truth based on practical experience or common
sense. A proverb may have an allegorical message behind its
odd appearance. The reason of popularity is due to its usage in
spoken language, as well as in folk literature.
Examples:
 Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy,
wealthy and wise.
 Laugh and the world laughs with you, weep and you weep
alone.
 Absence makes the heart grow fonder.
(Note: Answer Exercise 3 on page 26-27)
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Folk Narratives - These are stories handed down from
the remote past by words of mouth from one generation to
another, reflecting the people’s tradition, feelings, beliefs,
and judgments.
 Myths - These are stories that explain about the actions of
the gods, heroes’ exploits or the elements of nature’s
origins. traditional or legendary stories, usually concerning
some being or hero or event, with or without a
determinable basis of fact or a natural explanation,
especially one that is concerned with deities or demigods
and explains some practice, rite, or phenomenon of
nature.
 Legends - These are widely told stories about the past.
They are considered factual by those who tell them, and
many have some basis in historical fact. Legends often
include elements of magic and supernatural.
Examples:
o The Legend of Rice (Ang Alamat ng Palay)
o The Legend of Pasig River (Ang Alamat ng Ilog
Pasig)
 Folktales - These are about the origins of the world. They
are not factual but are told for entertainment. The
characters in folktales are ordinary humans or animals
that act like humans. Often, the humans are peasant or
people of the lower class who have better values than the
rich and powerful.
 Fables - These are stories that have animal characters.
They intend to teach lessons or moral, which is usually
stated at the end of the fable

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A figure of speech is a word or phrase that possesses a
separate meaning from its literal definition. It can be
a metaphor , simile or personification.
1. Simile - A simile is a comparison between two unlike
things using the words "like" or "as."
Examples include:
 As slippery as an eel
 Like peas in a pod
 As blind as a bat
 Eats like a pig
 As wise as an owl
2. Metaphor - A metaphor makes a comparison between
two unlike things or ideas.
Examples include:
 Heart of stone
 Time is money
 The world is a stage
 She's a night owl
 He's an ogre
3. Personification - Personification gives human qualities
to non-living things or ideas.
Examples include:
 The flowers nodded.
 The snowflakes danced.
 The thunder grumbled.
 The fog crept in.
 The wind howled.
(Note: Answer Exercise 5 and 6 on page 29-30)
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 Exercise 1
Directions: Identify the following as simile,
metaphor, or personification.

___________1. James ran like a cheetah.

___________2. Good luck getting that out because
blueberry stains are stubborn.
___________3. So I sit spinning still, round this
decaying form, the fine threads of rare and subtle
thought.
___________4. Well, that went over like a lead
balloon.
___________5. He has a heart of gold.
___________6. A wicked whisper came and
changed my life.
___________7. He did not realize his last chance
was walking out the door.
___________8. My old laptop throws a fit every time
I try to use it.
___________9. My love for you is as deep as the
ocean.
___________10. I was lost in a sea of nameless
faces.

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 Exercise 2
Complete the figurative statements. Choose your
answer inside the basket.
1. She swims like a _____________
2. He dances as graceful as a ______________
3. Your explanations is as clear as ____________
4. She is as thin as a ______________
5. Your thoughts are like a ______________

Storm fish toothpick swan mud

Evaluation ( Recorded)
Uncover the mystery of the metaphoric sentences
by rewriting them in literal sentences. Make sure both
metaphoric and literal sentences have similar meanings.

1. The ice cream was a rock when I took it out of the freezer.
_____________________________________________
2. The clouds are marshmallows in the sky.
_____________________________________________
3. The teenage boy’s stomach was a bottomless pit.
_____________________________________________

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4. Yesterday the sun was a killer.
_____________________________________________

5. The inside of the car was a refrigerator.

_____________________________________________

Evaluation (Recorded)
Simile, metaphor, or personification?
Figure out the given statements.

__________1) The stars danced playfully in the

moonlit sky.
__________2) My parents are my guardian
angels.
__________3) She was so scared that she
became as white as a ghost.
__________4) Opportunity was knocking at her
door.
__________5) My classmates are all brains.

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DAY Pronouncing Words with the Correct
3-4 Word Stress

At the end of the lesson, the

learner will be able to:
 Use the appropriate reading
style (scanning, skimming,
speed reading, intensive
reading etc) for one’s
purpose.
 Identify the different genre.

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 Stress is the relative emphasis that may
be given to certain syllables in a word,
or to certain words in a phrase or
sentence. In English, stressed syllables
are louder than non-stressed syllables.
Also, they are longer and have a higher pitch.
Refer to your book on page 34-35

To
communicate clearly when you are
speaking in English, it’s important to
stress the correct syllables in each word.
This is called word stress, which means
pronouncing one syllable of a multisyllabic word
with greater emphasis (stress) than the other
syllables in the word.
NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES
1. Two-Syllable nouns and adjectives
In most two syllable nouns and adjectives, the first
syllable takes on the stress.
Examples:
 SAMples CARton

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  PURple RAIny
 CHIna HAPpy

INTENSIVE AND REFLECTIVE PRONOUNS

2. Intensive and Reflexive pronouns show that the
action affects the person who performs the action.
For example: I hit myself.
The second syllable usually takes the stress.
Examples:
 MySELF themSELVES ourSELVES
NUMBERS
3. If the number is a multiple of ten, the stress is placed
on the first syllable.
Examples:
 TEN FIFty ONE-hundred
THREE SYLLABLE WORDS
4. Stress on the second from the end syllable
You put stress on the second syllable from the end of
the word with words ending in ic, sion, and tion.

Examples:
 ICONic GRAPHic hyperTENsion
 TeleVIsion nuTRItion reveLAtion

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SUFFIX
5. Words ending in er, ly
For three-syllable words ending with the suffixes er or
ly, the stress is placed on the first syllable.
Examples:
Orderly Silently LOvingly
Manager GARdener Easier
NOUN OR VERB
6. In most two syllable verbs and nouns, the stress is
on the second syllable.
There are many two-syllable words in English that can
be pronounced in two different ways. The stress
change also changes the part of speech of the word.
Examples:
 PREsent = a gift (noun)
 preSENT = to give something to someone
(verb)
 OBject = something you can see and touch
(noun)
 obJECT = to disagree with something (verb)
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COMPOUND NOUNS
7. A compound noun is a noun made out of two nouns
that form one word. In a compound noun, the most
stress is on the stressed syllable of the first word.
Examples:
 SEAfood (sea + food) *ICEland (ice + land)
 TOOTHpaste (tooth + paste) *FOOTball (foot + ball)
 BAsketball (basket + ball)
COMPOUND VERBS
8. A compound verb is when a subject has two or more
verbs. The stress is on the second or on the last part.
Examples:
 Matilda loves bread but deTESTS butter.
 Sarah baked cookies and ATE them up.
 Dogs love to eat bones and love to DRINK water.

Keep these simple rules in mind and you will soon

find your pronunciation getting better and better!

.
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Exercise 1
Direction: Indicate the stress in the following words.
1. Production - _______________
2. Question - _______________
3. Creativity - _______________
4. Productivity - _______________
5. Communication - _______________
6. Community - _______________
7. Qualification - _______________
8. Quality - _______________
9. Authority - _______________
10. Authorization - _______________

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 Evaluation
Direction: Circle the correct stress of the following
words.
1. Can you pass me a plastic knife?
PLAS-tic plas-TIC
2. I want to be a photographer.
PHO-to-graph-er pho-TO-graph-er
3. Which photograph do you like best?
PHO-to-graph pho-TO-graph
4. He was born in China.
CHI-na Chi-NA
5. Whose computer is this?
com-PU-ter com-pu-TER
6. I can't decide which book to borrow.
DE-cide de-CIDE
7. Couldn't you understand what she was saying?
un-DER-stand un-der-STAND
8. Voting in elections is your most important duty.
im-POR-tant im-por-TANT
9. We had a really interesting conversation.
con-VER-sa-tion con-ver-SA-tion

10. How do you pronounce this word?

PRO-nounce pro-NOUNCE

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Assignment:
Answer the following in your book.
Exercise 1 page 25 – 26
Exercise 2 page 26 – 27
Exercise 5 page 29
Exercise 6 page 30
Read “The Cycle of the Sun and the Moon”
Exercise 8 page 35

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 Answer Keys
Day 1 and 2
Pre- Activity
1. Riddle
2. Proverbs
3. Folk Narratives
4. Figure of Speech
Exercise 1
1. Simile Exercise 2

2. Metaphor 1. Fish
2. Swan
3. Metaphor
3. Mud
4. Simile 4. Toothpick
5. Metaphor 5. Storm
6. Personification
7. Personification
8. Personification
9. Metaphor
10. Metaphor
Exercise 1
1. proDUCtion 2. QUEStion 3. Creativity
4.producTIvity 5. communiCAtion 6. comMUnity
7. qualifiCAtion 8. QUAlity 9. auTHOrity
10. authoriZAtion
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