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Dr. Ahmed Fathy Zidan: PBW 402: Geotechnical Analysis and Design
Dr. Ahmed Fathy Zidan: PBW 402: Geotechnical Analysis and Design
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
P2 P1
٢
(CONVENTIONAL METHOD)
DESIGN OF COMBINED FOOTINGS BY RIGID
METHOD:
٤
Combined Footing
a2 a1
B1 B
b2 b1
L
a2 a1
L2 L1
C2 C1
t1 X
X
t
A1
A
٥
Plain Concrete Footing (P.C.) P2 P1
R
For uniform stress, Resultant
L2 L1
should be at mid of ( A )
a1
A a a a2
X C 1 1 L1 X C 2 2 L 2 C2 C1
2 2 2
t = (0.25 to 0.50) t
A1
X= (0.80 to 1.0) t A
Assume C2 = 0.50m
L 2 * R L * P1 Get (L2)
A a
X C 2 2 L2 Get (A)
Dim. of P.C. = A * B * t
2 2
٦
Reinforced Concrete Footing (R.C.)
A1 A 2X
B 1 B 2X
1.50R
pn
A1 * B 1
1.50R
w
A1
C 1
2
M 1 w
2
C 2
2
M 2 w
2
٧
Reinforced Concrete Footing (R.C.)
wZ P2 0.0 Get (Z) P2 R P1
L2 L1
wZ 2 a
M max P2 Z (C 2 2 ) a2 a1
2 2 C2 C1
M t1
d C
b * Fcu
w
Z Mmax
t 1 d cov er
M2
٨
Shear Stress
P2 R P1
Q1 w *C 1 L2 L1
Q 2 P1 w *(C 1 a1 ) a1
a2 d
C2 C1
Q 3 w *(C 2 a2 ) P2
Q 4 w *(C 2 ) t1
Q s Q 2 wd pn
Qs Q2
Z
Q Q4
q s s q su
b *d
f cu
q su 0.75 Q3
c
Q1
٩
Punching Stress
P1
Column(1): a1
G.S
Q p P1 p n * ( a1 d ) * (b 1 d )
t1
A p 1 d * 2* (a1 d ) (b1 d )
pn
Qp
qp
Ap
d/2 a1 d/2
qcup 0.5 (a / b ) f cu / c f cu / c
d/2
If qp > qcup , Increase d b1
d/2
١٠
Footing Reinforcement
Which is required? a2 a1
Mmax
M max
A top
f y *d * j
M1
Abot
f y *d * j
M2
M1
١١
Design of Hidden Beams
b1 b1
P1
G.S G.S
t1 t1 A s (HB 1)
w1 B1
B1
M
B.M.D d1 C
+ b * Fcu
+
+ +
b b1 d
P1 d 1 d safe
w1
B1
d 1 d take d d 1
MI
A sH 1
(B1 b1 ) / 2
2
f *d * j
M HB 1 w 1 y
١٢
Design of Combined Footing
Example(1):
fy =3600kg/cm2
١٣
Plain Concrete Footing (P.C.) P2 P1
R
For uniform stress, Resultant
L2 L1
should be at mid of ( A )
a1
A a a a2
X C 1 1 L1 X C 2 2 L 2 C2 C1
2 2 2
t = 0.30 t
A1
X= t = 0.30 A
Assume C2 = 0.50m
1.15( P1 P2 ) 1.15 * 230 2
R (P1 P2 ) 140 90 230t A rea A * B 24.10 m
qa 11
١٤
Reinforced Concrete Footing (R.C.)
P2 R P1
L2 L1
A1 A 2X 6.00 2*0.30 5.40m
a2 a1
B 1 B 2X 4.05 2*0.30 3.45m C2 C1
t1
pn
Mmax
C 2 0.50
2 2
M 2 w 63.90 8.00m .t M2
2 2
M1
١٥
Reinforced Concrete Footing (R.C.)
wZ P2 63.90* Z 1.50*90 Z=2.11 P2 =135 R P1 =210
L2=1.95 L1 = 1.25
wZ 2 a
M max P2 Z (C 2 2 ) a2 a1
2 2 0.50 0.90
t1
M 41.36*105
d C 5* 34.6 35cm
b * Fcu 345* 250
t 1 d cov er 35 5 40cm
M2
١٦
Shear Stress
P2=135 R P1=210
Q1=-63.95*1=-63.95t L2 L1
Q2=210-63.95*(1+0.9)=88.50 t
0.50 d 0.90
0.50 0.90
Q 3 63.95*(0.50 0.50) 135 71.05t
Q 4 63.95*(0.50) 31.98t 35
pn
Qs=88.5-63.95*0.35=66.11 t Qs Q2
Z
Q4
qs=66.11*103/345*35=5.47 kg/cm2
f cu 250
q su 0.75 0.75 9.68 Q3
c 1.50
Q1
١٧
Punching Stress P1 =210
Column(1): 0.90
qcup 0.5 (b / a ) f cu / c f cu / c
d/2
qcup 0.5 (0.30 / 0.90) 250 /1.50 10.75kg / cm 2
0.30
d/2
qp > qcup , Increase d= 45cm
١٨
Design of Hidden Beams b1
b1=0.30
P1=210
G.S G.S
50 t1 A s (HB 1)
w1 B1
B1= 3.45
b=b1+d=0.30+0.45=0.75 m
B.M.D
+ +
+ + 75.50 *10 5
d1 5 100.3 105cm
75 * 250
P1 210
w1 60.87t / m ' d 1 d take d 105
B 1 3.45
MI 75.5*105
A sH 1 24.2cm 2
(3.45 0.30) / 2 f y * d * j 3600*105*0.826
2
M HB 1 60.87 75.50m .t
2 7 22
١٩
Footing Reinforcement
0.50 0.90
110
M2=8.00
M1=31.95
٢٠