B.

S University
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering

CE 402: Part A
Shallow Foundation Design
Lecture No. (4): Strap Footing
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Strap Footing
• Combined footings and strap footings are used when one of columns is
subjected to large eccentric loadings. When two columns are reasonably
close, a combined footing is designed for both columns. When two columns
are far apart, a strap is designed to transfer eccentric moment between two
columns as shown in Figure The goal is to have uniform bearing pressure
and to minimize differential settlement between columns.
• A cantilever or strap footing normally comprises two footings connected by a
beam called a strap. A strap footing is a special case of a combined footing.
• A strap footing is used to connect an eccentrically loaded column footing
close to the property line to an interior column as shown in the Figure.
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Design assumptions
1. Strap does not provide bearing.
2. Strap is ridge enough to transfer moment from one footing to the other.
 4

Strap Footing
ae ai

Be B b bi Bi1 Bi
e1 e bb

ae ai

t1 X X

t
Ae1 Ai1
Ae Ai
 5

Plain Concrete (P.C.) of Exterior Footing

Assumptions for Design :
L
ae ai
1. Uniform stress distribution below
Pi
footings. Pe

2. No stress below the strap beam.

3. The strap beam is weightless.
t1 X X

t
1.30Pe
Assume : Ae  S
qa Re Ri
Ae Ai

ae Ae Re
S L  Area  Ae * B e  Get (Be)
2 2 qa

Assume t=0.25 to 0.40

p *L
Re  e  0.10Pe Get (Re)
S
Dim. of P.C. = A * B * t
 6

Reinforced Concrete (R.C.) of Exterior Footing L

Ae 1  Ae  X ae ai

Pe Pi

B e 1  B e  2X
ae Ae 1
S1  L  
2 2 t1

P *L S1
Re1  e Re1 Ri1
S1 Ae1 Ai1
1.50Re 1
pn 
Ae 1 * B e 1 ae ai
Me
 (B e 1  bb ) / 2
2 Be1 be bi
bb
M e  Pn
2 Ase 
Me
f y *d * j
M1
d C
b * Fcu
t 1  d  cov er
 7

Interior Footing
L
1.15Pi
Area  Ai * B i  ae ai
qa Pi
Pe
A i  B i  Area
Ai 1  Ai  2X
B i 1  B i  2X t1

S1
Ri1  Pe  Pi  Re1
Re1 Ri1
1.50R i 1 Ae1 Ai1
pn 
Ai 1 * B i 1
ae ai
Bi1
 (B i 1  bb ) / 2 Mi
2
Be1 be bb bi
M i  Pn
2
t1  d  cov er

Mi
d C Mi
b * Fcu Asi 
f y *d * j
 8

Strap Beam
L
ae ai

1.5Rei Pi
we  Pe

Ae1
1.5 Ri1
wi 
Ai1
S1
w e Z  1.50Pe  0.0
Re1 Ri1
Get (Z)
Ae1 Ai1
Q2 Q3
 a 
2
weZ Z
M max   P2  Z  e 
2  2

 Ai 1  ai 
2

 2  Q1 Mmax Q4
M 1 w i
2

M max
d C M2
b * Fcu M1
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Strap Beam (Shear)

Q1  Pe w e * ae
L
ae ai

Pe Pi
Q 2  Pe w e * Ae 1
A a 
Q3  Pi w i *  i 1 i  ai 
 2 
A a 
Q4  w i *  i 1 i 
 2  Re1
S1
Ri1
Ae1 Ai1
𝑄𝑠 = 𝑄3 − 𝑤𝑖 ∗ 𝑑 2 Q2 Q3
Z
Qs
qs   q su
bb * d
Q1 Mmax Q4
𝑞𝑠𝑢 = 0.7 𝑓𝑐𝑢 /𝛾𝑐
𝑞𝑐𝑢 = 0.24 𝑓𝑐𝑢 /𝛾𝑐

M2
Use Stirrups
M1
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Footing Reinforcement
L
ae ai

M max 2ϕ10
Atop  2ϕ10
f y *d * j 2ϕ10
t1

Ae1 Ai1
Ase Asi
M1
Abot 
f y *d * j
Mmax

M2

M1
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Design of Spread Footing

Example(1):

Make a complete design for a strap footing for the two columns
shown in figure (2). The allowable gross bearing capacity is 1.40
kg/cm2 and the foundation level is 2.0m below ground surface

ae = 0.40m. be= 0.25m Pe=50t

ai = 0.60m bi= 0.25m Pi=100t

0.40 0.60
50t 100t qa = 1.40kg/cm2 = 14.0t/m2.
0.25 0.25
3.50 fcu = 250kg/cm2.

fy =3600kg/cm2
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Plain Concrete (P.C.) of Exterior Footing

1.30Pe
Assume : Ae  L
qa ae ai

Pe Pi
1.3 ∗ 50
𝐴𝑒 = ≅ 2.2 𝑚
14

ae Ae
S L  t1 X X
2 2
t
0.4 2.2
𝑆 = 3.5 + − = 2.6 𝑚 Re
S
Ri
2 2
Ae Ai

pe * L
Re   0.10Pe Get (Re) 𝐴𝑒 ∗ 𝐵𝑒 = 𝑅𝑒 = 72.3 = 5.16𝑚2 Be=2.35m
S 𝑞𝑎 14
50 ∗ 3.5
𝑅𝑒 = + 0.1 ∗ 50 = 72.3𝑡 Assume t=0.30
2.6

Dim. of P.C. = 2.2 * 2.35 * 0.30

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(R.C.) of Exterior Footing

L
ae ai
𝐴𝑒1 = 𝐴𝑒 − 𝑋 = 2.2 − 0.3 = 1.9𝑚 Pi
Pe
𝐵𝑒1 = 𝐵𝑒 − 2𝑋 = 2.35 − 0.6 = 1.75𝑚

S1=3.5+0.4/2-1.9/2=2.75m

t1
Re1=Pe*L/S1=50*3.5/2.75=63.6t
S1
1.5 ∗ 63.6
𝑝𝑛 = = 28.69 𝑡/𝑚2 Re1 Ri1
1.9 ∗ 1.75 Ae1 Ai1

2
1.9 − 0.25 /2
𝑀𝑒 = 28.69 = 9.76 𝑚. 𝑡 𝑚′ ae ai
2
Me
Be1 be bb bi

9.76 ∗ 105
𝑑 = 5.0 ∗ = 31.2 = 35𝑐𝑚 9.76 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 = = 9.38𝑐𝑚2
100 ∗ 250 3600 ∗ 35 ∗ 0.826
5𝜑16 𝑚𝑚/𝑚′
𝑡1 = 35 + 5 = 40𝑐𝑚
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Interior Footing
L
1.15*100 ae
Ai * B i   8.22 ai
14 Pi
Pe

A i  B i  8.22  2.90m

Ai 1  2.90  0.60  2.30m t1

B i 1  2.90  0.60  2.30 S1

Re1 Ri1
Ae1 Ai1
1.50*100
pn   28.36
2.30* 2.30
ae ai
Bi1
2.3 − 0.25 /2 2 Mi
𝑀𝑒 = 28.36 = 14.89 𝑚. 𝑡 𝑚′ Be1 be bb bi
2

14.89 ∗ 105 14.89 ∗ 105

𝑑 = 5.0 ∗ = 38.58 = 40𝑐𝑚 𝐴𝑠 = = 12.52𝑐𝑚2
100 ∗ 250 3600 ∗ 40 ∗ 0.826
7𝜑16 𝑚𝑚/𝑚′
t1  40  5  45cm
 Design of strap beam ae
L
ai

Pe Pi

63.6(1.5)
we   50.21t / m
1.9
Ri1  100  50  63.6  86.4t
86.4 *1.5 S1
wi   56.35t / m Re1 Ri1
2.3 Ae1 Ai1
Q2 Q3
Q1  75  50.21* 0.4  54.92t Z

Q2  75  50.21*1.9  20.4t

2.3  0.6 Q1 Mmax Q4
Q3  (  0.6) * 56.35  150  68.3t
2
( 2.3  0.6) M2
Q4  56.35  47.9t
2
Qs  68.3  d (56.35) / 2 
M1
 Design of strap beam
 75  50.21( z )  0
ae ai
z  1.494m
1.494 2 0.4
M max  50.21( )  75(1.494  )  41.01m.t
2 2 2ϕ10
41.01(105 )
2ϕ10
d 5  108.24cm  110cm t1 2ϕ10
t  115cm
35(250)
Ae1 Ai1
Asi
Qs  68.3  d (56.35) / 2  37.3t
Check of shear Mmax

41.01 ∗ 105 M2
𝐴𝑠 𝑡𝑜𝑝 = = 12.54𝑐𝑚2
3600 ∗ 110 ∗ 0.826
7𝜑16 𝑚𝑚
2
2.3 − 0.6
𝑀1 = 56.35 ∗ 2 = 20.35 𝑡. 𝑚 M1
2
20.35 ∗ 105
𝐴𝑠 𝑏𝑜𝑡 = = 6.22𝑐𝑚2
3600 ∗ 110 ∗ 0.826

6𝜑12 𝑚𝑚