“YARMOUK UNIVERSITY”

‘Hijjawi Faculty for Engineering Technology’

{Industrial Engineering Department}

((I.E 423))

^ Human Lab ^

Experiment # 3

“Maximum Voluntary Static Work”

& Ali Emad Ghassab &

# 2014986069

Date: 22/3/2018
Introduction:
 Almost 40% body's weight is muscle.
 Muscles are the part of our body that allows us to move. They are made up
of special tissues that can only contract, so muscles can get shorter and pull
but they cannot push. However, contractions occur when the muscles
receive a signal from the brain. The muscles are attached to bones by
stretchy tissue called tendons.
 When the muscles contract, they pull on the tendons, which pull on the
bones and cause our limbs to move.
 Muscular strength is the maximum amount of force that a muscle group
can exert. The objective of a strength test is to find the individual’s capacity
to generate maximum force.
 There are two types of muscle contraction :

1- Static contractions do not involve movement and are called isometric. It

occurs when the muscle develops tension but there is no work is
performed. Maintaining posture, holding weights and pushing against
immovable objects are examples of isometric type muscle contraction. The
peak force value obtained in isometric testing is referred to as Maximum
Voluntary Contraction (MVC).
2- The dynamic contractions involve muscle actions, which are concentric
(shortened) or eccentric (lengthened) actions the concentric actions are
resisted by gravity while the eccentric actions are gravity assisted

Objectives:
1. To know more about the hand strength and the tools used to measure it.
2. To evaluate the hand strength at rest using hand dynamometer.
3. To evaluate the effect of repetitions at maximum voluntary contraction (MVC).
4. To measure MVC at different postures of hand-wrest.

List of equipment:
Hand dynamometer:
Hand Goniometer:
Measuring Tapes:
Digital stopwatch

Procedure:
- Record subject’s weight and lower arm circumference.
- Adjust the dynamometer to fit the subject’s dominant hand.
- Hold the grip dynamometer with the elbow extended at 90° using hand
Goniometer. Neither the hand nor the dynamometer should touch the
body.
- Squeeze the dynamometer to exert maximal force (Subject MUST be
blinded to results). Don't hold squeeze greater than 3 seconds.
- Repeat the procedure after one minute. During this time subject will test
his/her non-dominant hand.
- Record the data in data sheet . Discuss if there is a relation between the
MVC and the subject’s weight.
- Repeat the previous steps for different hand-wrest configurations. Plot the
MVC at different wrest deviations and discuss its effect on the MVC value.

 Data sheet:
Subjec Gende Smokin Lower arm weigh muscular
t Age r g Trials (MVC) circum t endurance time
wit
Domina non- h
nt dom. 90 cm kg sec.
11.
1 23 M N 14.9 47.6 2 21 73 4.85
10.
2 23 M N 26.4 19 6 20 90 5.19
46.
3 29 M N 75.8 67.4 8 22 78 18.7
68.
4 23 M Y 41.8 49 9 29.5 108 10.30
27.
5 23 M N 35.1 39.3 8 27.5 78 16.70
6 22 F N 16.1 16.1 9.2 18.5 61.6 9
7 22 F N 24 22.2 26. 19 60.6 12
 3
27.
8 22 F N 30 30.2 9 17 58.4 11.45
28.
9 22 F N 25.6 30.4 5 19.5 50.9 11.2
18.
10 21 F N 21.5 18 5 17.5 55.5 6.03

Results :

dominant-lower circum male

50
45
40
35
30
Dominant

25
20
15
10
5
0
23.5 24 24.5 25 25.5 26 26.5 27 27.5 28 28.5
Lower circum Male

Dominant-Lower circum female

35

30

25
Dominant

20

15

10

0
20 19.5 19 18.5 18 17.5 17 16.5
lower circum female
 dominant-Weight female 35

30

25

20
Dominant

15

10

0
64 62 60 58 56 54 52 50

Weight Female
 weight male-Dominant
50
45
40
35
30
Dominant

25
20
15
10
5
0
60 65 70 75 80 85 90
weight male

lower circum female-lower circum male

35

30

25
lower circum male

20

15

10

0
20 19.5 19 18.5 18 17.5 17 16.5
lower circum female
 Dominant-Non dominant
80
70
60
50
dominant

40
30
20
10
0
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
Non-Dominant

Dominant-with angle 90
80
70
60
50
Dominant

40
30
20
10
0
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
With Angle 90
 Dominant-Age
80
70
60
50
Dominant

40
30
20
10
0
30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
Age

Questions:

Q1) Can we consider this test as a measure of general strength of the body?
Discuss?
S1 >No because this test especially for body muscles , and body muscles form 40%
from body weight not 100%

Q2) Considering the Hand Grip Dynamometer as a hand tool stay the
recommendations to redesign it ergonomically if needed?

S2 > The Hand Grip Dynamometer should be comfortable for the hands when used
and if uncomfortable, it is possible to cause hand and finger numbness with
prolonged use and causing (MSDs)

Q3) Discuss the effect of handgrip strength on the design of human used products?
S3 > through which we can know the strength of the person and thus put in the
work commensurate with his strength

Q4) what is the effect of hand anthropometry on handgrip strength?

S4 > without hand anthropometry, we can’t design the hand grip strength on
maximum or minimum
Conclusion:

We conclude from this experiment that there are two status of muscle
contraction:
1- Static contraction ( isometric )
2- Dynamic contraction : concentric or acentric
And the are many factor that effect on muscular indurance and muscular
strength such as :
1- Age
2- Gender
3- Smoking
4- Weight
And there are many types of instruments measures muscular strength
and indurance and muscular indurance time such as :
Hand Dynamometer
Hand goniometer
Digital stopwatch

References:

- Lab sheet, ergonomic book and internet.

- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goniometer
- . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle