Yarmouk University

Hijjawi Faculty for Engineering Technology

Department of Industrial Engineering

Manufacturing Processes Lab. IE 367

Experiment NO: #3

Mechanical Behavior of Materials

Name : Sami gharaibeh
Student # : 2015986053
Date : 26/10/2020
Instructor : Dr.ahmad mumani
Eng. Rasha obeidat

Introduction
The mechanical behavior of materials depends on the relation
between stresses and strains in the material. ... There is a marked
difference between the yield and failure of metals and the similar
characteristics in materials like concrete and soil.The mechanical
behavior of materials depends on the relation between stresses and strains
in the material
The tensile test is fundamental for engineers, because it
providesfundamental information about the material and its associated
properties.The purpose this test is to analyze the properties of the material
used for aspecific engineering structure, and to develop new materials
which canused for specified use

Objective
- Learn how the universal testing machine work
- learn how to draw :
stress strain curve.
engineering stress strain curve.
true stress strain curve.
-Known the basic aspect of the mechanical behavior of all material while
handling deformation.

Equipments
-universal testing machine
is used to test both the tensile and compressive strength of materials

-brass workpieces

Procedure
1) Measure the dimensions of the specimen for the test.

2) Load the specimen, into the jaws of the tensile testing machine

3) The machine, during the test, will provide data that will be used to the
determine the modulus of elasticity, yielding stress and maximum strength

4) Repeat the test with each specimen and record the remaining data
givenfrom the computer.

5) Calculate the tensile stress and the engineering tensile strain

6) Plot the stress v.s strain curve for each material and determine:
-Elastic modulus Eyield stress
-yield stress - ultimate strength -breaking strength

7) Examine each specimen after the failure characterized and note thedegree
of necking and the orientation of the failure surface

Data and results

 Customer brass 50mm
Coil No/Packet No
Type Circle
Size(mm) 10
So(mm^2) 78.54
Lo(mm) 50
Lu(mm) 72.578
A(%) 45.0
Su(mm^2) /
Z(%) /
Fm(kN) 42.87
Rm(MPa) 546
FeH(kN) 41.64
ReH(MPa) 530
FeL(kN) 41.42
ReL(MPa) 527
Fp(kN) 34.58
Rp(MPa) 440
Ft(kN) /
Rt(MPa) /
E(GPa) 4
true true log
Time load Elong disp stress strain width log strain
stress strain stress

0 0.001 0 0.007 0.013 0 0 0.012916 0 -1.88886 #NUM!

 0.18 0.001 0.039 0.046 0.013 0.078 0 0.012916 0.075107 -1.88886 -1.12432
0.38 0.003 0.106 0.113 0.038 0.212 0 0.037296 0.192272 -1.42834 -0.71608
0.58 0.004 0.173 0.18 0.051 0.346 0 0.049742 0.297137 -1.30328 -0.52704
0.78 0.006 0.24 0.247 0.076 0.48 0 0.07325 0.392042 -1.13519 -0.40667
0.98 0.015 0.308 0.314 0.191 0.616 0 0.174793 0.479954 -0.75748 -0.3188
1.179 0.025 0.375 0.382 0.318 0.75 0 0.276115 0.559616 -0.55891 -0.25211
1.379 0.035 0.442 0.449 0.446 0.884 0 0.368801 0.633397 -0.43321 -0.19832
1.579 0.045 0.51 0.516 0.573 1.02 0 0.452985 0.703098 -0.34392 -0.15298
1.779 0.054 0.577 0.584 0.688 1.154 0 0.523544 0.767327 -0.28105 -0.11502
1.978 0.056 0.644 0.651 0.713 1.288 0 0.538246 0.827678 -0.26902 -0.08214
2.179 0.056 0.711 0.718 0.713 1.422 0 0.538246 0.884594 -0.26902 -0.05326
2.378 0.057 0.779 0.785 0.726 1.558 0 0.545807 0.939226 -0.26296 -0.02723
2.578 0.057 0.846 0.853 0.726 1.692 0 0.545807 0.990284 -0.26296 -0.00424
2.778 0.057 0.913 0.92 0.726 1.826 0 0.545807 1.038862 -0.26296 0.016558
2.978 0.058 0.981 0.987 0.739 1.962 0 0.55331 1.085865 -0.25703 0.035776
3.178 0.058 1.048 1.055 0.739 2.096 0 0.55331 1.130111 -0.25703 0.053121
3.377 0.058 1.115 1.122 0.739 2.23 0 0.55331 1.172482 -0.25703 0.069106
3.577 0.059 1.182 1.189 0.751 2.364 0 0.560187 1.213131 -0.25167 0.083908
3.777 0.058 1.25 1.257 0.739 2.5 0 0.55331 1.252763 -0.25703 0.097869
3.977 0.058 1.317 1.324 0.739 2.634 0 0.55331 1.290334 -0.25703 0.110702
4.177 0.057 1.384 1.391 0.726 2.768 0 0.545807 1.326544 -0.26296 0.122722
4.376 0.057 1.451 1.458 0.726 2.902 0 0.545807 1.361489 -0.26296 0.134014
4.576 0.056 1.519 1.526 0.713 3.038 0 0.538246 1.39575 -0.26902 0.144807
4.776 0.056 1.586 1.593 0.713 3.172 0 0.538246 1.428396 -0.26902 0.154848
4.976 0.056 1.653 1.66 0.713 3.306 0 0.538246 1.460009 -0.26902 0.164356
5.176 0.056 1.72 1.727 0.713 3.44 0 0.538246 1.490654 -0.26902 0.173377
5.375 0.057 1.788 1.795 0.726 3.576 0 0.545807 1.520825 -0.26296 0.182079
5.575 0.057 1.855 1.862 0.726 3.71 0 0.545807 1.549688 -0.26296 0.190244
5.775 0.057 1.922 1.929 0.726 3.844 0 0.545807 1.577741 -0.26296 0.198036
5.975 0.058 1.99 1.996 0.739 3.98 0 0.55331 1.60543 -0.25703 0.205591
6.174 0.059 2.057 2.064 0.751 4.114 0 0.560187 1.631982 -0.25167 0.212715
6.374 0.059 2.124 2.131 0.751 4.248 0 0.560187 1.657847 -0.25167 0.219544
6.574 0.06 2.192 2.198 0.764 4.384 0 0.567584 1.683432 -0.24597 0.226195
6.774 0.061 2.259 2.266 0.777 4.518 0 0.574927 1.708015 -0.24039 0.232492
6.974 0.06 2.326 2.333 0.764 4.652 0 0.567584 1.732009 -0.24597 0.23855
7.174 0.058 2.393 2.4 0.739 4.786 0 0.55331 1.755441 -0.25703 0.244386
7.374 0.056 2.461 2.467 0.713 4.922 0 0.538246 1.778674 -0.26902 0.250096
7.573 0.054 2.528 2.535 0.688 5.056 0 0.523544 1.80105 -0.28105 0.255526
7.773 0.052 2.595 2.602 0.662 5.19 0 0.508022 1.822935 -0.29412 0.260771
7.973 0.052 2.662 2.669 0.662 5.324 0 0.508022 1.844352 -0.29412 0.265844
8.173 0.054 2.73 2.736 0.688 5.46 0 0.523544 1.865629 -0.28105 0.270825
8.372 0.056 2.797 2.804 0.713 5.594 0 0.538246 1.88616 -0.26902 0.275579
8.573 0.057 2.864 2.871 0.726 5.728 0 0.545807 1.906278 -0.26296 0.280186
8.771 0.059 2.932 2.938 0.751 5.864 0 0.560187 1.92629 -0.25167 0.284722
8.972 0.061 2.999 3.006 0.777 5.998 0 0.574927 1.945624 -0.24039 0.289059
 9.171 0.062 3.066 3.073 0.789 6.132 0 0.581657 1.964592 -0.23533 0.293272
9.371 0.062 3.134 3.14 0.789 6.268 0 0.581657 1.983481 -0.23533 0.297428
9.571 0.062 3.201 3.207 0.789 6.402 0 0.581657 2.00175 -0.23533 0.30141
9.771 0.06 3.268 3.275 0.764 6.536 0 0.567584 2.019692 -0.24597 0.305285
9.971 0.058 3.335 3.342 0.739 6.67 0 0.55331 2.037317 -0.25703 0.309059
10.171 0.054 3.403 3.41 0.688 6.806 0 0.523544 2.054893 -0.28105 0.312789
10.371 0.051 3.47 3.477 0.649 6.94 0 0.500169 2.071913 -0.30088 0.316372
10.57 0.047 3.537 3.544 0.598 7.074 0 0.468753 2.088649 -0.32906 0.319865
10.77 0.044 3.604 3.611 0.56 7.208 0 0.444686 2.105109 -0.35195 0.323275
10.97 0.042 3.672 3.678 0.535 7.344 0 0.42853 2.121543 -0.36802 0.326652
11.17 0.041 3.739 3.746 0.522 7.478 0 0.420025 2.137475 -0.37672 0.329901
11.369 0.041 3.806 3.813 0.522 7.612 0 0.420025 2.153157 -0.37672 0.333076
11.57 0.041 3.874 3.88 0.522 7.748 0 0.420025 2.168825 -0.37672 0.336225
11.769 0.041 3.941 3.947 0.522 7.882 0 0.420025 2.184027 -0.37672 0.339258
11.969 0.04 4.008 4.015 0.509 8.016 0 0.411447 2.199001 -0.38569 0.342225
12.169 0.04 4.075 4.082 0.509 8.15 0 0.411447 2.213754 -0.38569 0.345129
12.368 0.041 4.143 4.149 0.522 8.286 0 0.420025 2.228508 -0.37672 0.348014
12.569 0.04 4.21 4.217 0.509 8.42 0 0.411447 2.242835 -0.38569 0.350797
12.768 0.04 4.277 4.284 0.509 8.554 0 0.411447 2.25696 -0.38569 0.353524
12.967 0.04 4.345 4.351 0.509 8.69 0 0.411447 2.271094 -0.38569 0.356235
13.167 0.04 4.412 4.419 0.509 8.824 0 0.411447 2.284828 -0.38569 0.358854
13.368 0.04 4.479 4.486 0.509 8.958 0 0.411447 2.298376 -0.38569 0.361421
13.567 0.04 4.547 4.553 0.509 9.094 0 0.411447 2.311941 -0.38569 0.363977
13.767 0.04 4.614 4.62 0.509 9.228 0 0.411447 2.325129 -0.38569 0.366447
13.967 0.04 4.681 4.688 0.509 9.362 0 0.411447 2.338145 -0.38569 0.368871
14.167 0.04 4.748 4.755 0.509 9.496 0 0.411447 2.350994 -0.38569 0.371252
14.367 0.04 4.815 4.822 0.509 9.63 0 0.411447 2.36368 -0.38569 0.373589
14.566 0.04 4.883 4.89 0.509 9.766 0 0.411447 2.376393 -0.38569 0.375918
14.766 0.04 4.95 4.957 0.509 9.9 0 0.411447 2.388763 -0.38569 0.378173
14.966 0.04 5.017 5.024 0.509 10.034 0 0.411447 2.400981 -0.38569 0.380389
15.165 0.04 5.085 5.091 0.509 10.17 0 0.411447 2.413232 -0.38569 0.382599
15.365 0.04 5.152 5.159 0.509 10.304 0 0.411447 2.425157 -0.38569 0.38474
15.566 0.04 5.219 5.226 0.509 10.438 0 0.411447 2.436941 -0.38569 0.386845
15.765 0.04 5.286 5.293 0.509 10.572 0 0.411447 2.448588 -0.38569 0.388916
15.965 0.04 5.354 5.361 0.509 10.708 0 0.411447 2.460272 -0.38569 0.390983
16.165 0.04 5.421 5.428 0.509 10.842 0 0.411447 2.471653 -0.38569 0.392987
16.364 0.04 5.489 5.495 0.509 10.978 0 0.411447 2.483072 -0.38569 0.394989
16.564 0.04 5.556 5.562 0.509 11.112 0 0.411447 2.494197 -0.38569 0.396931
16.765 0.04 5.623 5.629 0.509 11.246 0 0.411447 2.505199 -0.38569 0.398842
16.964 0.04 5.69 5.697 0.509 11.38 0 0.411447 2.516082 -0.38569 0.400725
17.164 0.04 5.758 5.764 0.509 11.516 0 0.411447 2.527008 -0.38569 0.402607
17.363 0.04 5.825 5.832 0.509 11.65 0 0.411447 2.537657 -0.38569 0.404433
17.563 0.04 5.892 5.899 0.509 11.784 0 0.411447 2.548194 -0.38569 0.406233
17.763 0.04 5.959 5.966 0.509 11.918 0 0.411447 2.558622 -0.38569 0.408006
17.963 0.04 6.026 6.033 0.509 12.052 0 0.411447 2.568941 -0.38569 0.409754
18.163 0.04 6.094 6.101 0.509 12.188 0 0.411447 2.579307 -0.38569 0.411503
18.362 0.04 6.161 6.168 0.509 12.322 0 0.411447 2.589417 -0.38569 0.413202
18.563 0.04 6.229 6.235 0.509 12.458 0 0.411447 2.599574 -0.38569 0.414902
18.762 0.04 6.296 6.302 0.509 12.592 0 0.411447 2.609481 -0.38569 0.416554
18.962 0.04 6.363 6.37 0.509 12.726 0 0.411447 2.619292 -0.38569 0.418184
19.161 0.04 6.43 6.437 0.509 12.86 0 0.411447 2.629007 -0.38569 0.419792
19.361 0.04 6.498 6.504 0.509 12.996 0 0.411447 2.638772 -0.38569 0.421402
19.561 0.04 6.565 6.572 0.509 13.13 0 0.411447 2.6483 -0.38569 0.422967
19.761 0.04 6.632 6.639 0.509 13.264 0 0.411447 2.657739 -0.38569 0.424512
19.961 0.04 6.699 6.706 0.509 13.398 0 0.411447 2.667089 -0.38569 0.426038
20.161 0.04 6.767 6.773 0.509 13.534 0 0.411447 2.676491 -0.38569 0.427566
20.361 0.039 6.834 6.841 0.497 13.668 0 0.403463 2.685668 -0.3942 0.429052
20.56 0.039 6.901 6.908 0.497 13.802 0 0.403463 2.694762 -0.3942 0.43052
20.76 0.039 6.969 6.975 0.497 13.938 0 0.403463 2.703908 -0.3942 0.431992
20.96 0.039 7.036 7.043 0.497 14.072 0 0.403463 2.712839 -0.3942 0.433424
21.16 0.039 7.103 7.11 0.497 14.206 0 0.403463 2.72169 -0.3942 0.434839
21.36 0.039 7.17 7.177 0.497 14.34 0 0.403463 2.730464 -0.3942 0.436236
21.559 0.038 7.238 7.245 0.484 14.476 0 0.394741 2.73929 -0.40369 0.437638
21.759 0.037 7.305 7.312 0.471 14.61 0 0.385942 2.747912 -0.41348 0.439003
21.959 0.042 7.372 7.379 0.535 14.744 0 0.42853 2.756459 -0.36802 0.440352
22.159 0.72 7.44 7.446 9.167 14.88 0 2.319147 2.76506 0.365328 0.441705
22.359 1.395 7.507 7.513 17.762 15.014 0 2.931834 2.773463 0.467139 0.443022
22.558 2.144 7.574 7.581 27.298 15.148 0 3.342791 2.781796 0.524109 0.444325
22.758 2.873 7.641 7.648 36.58 15.282 0 3.626472 2.79006 0.559484 0.445614
22.958 3.53 7.709 7.715 44.945 15.418 0 3.827445 2.798378 0.582909 0.446906
23.157 4.231 7.776 7.783 53.871 15.552 0 4.004985 2.806507 0.602601 0.448166
23.357 4.935 7.843 7.85 62.834 15.686 0 4.156286 2.81457 0.618705 0.449412
23.557 5.643 7.91 7.917 71.849 15.82 0 4.288389 2.822569 0.632294 0.450645
23.757 6.378 7.978 7.985 81.207 15.956 0 4.40924 2.830622 0.644364 0.451882
23.957 7.052 8.045 8.052 89.789 16.09 0 4.508538 2.838493 0.654036 0.453088
24.157 7.578 8.112 8.119 96.486 16.224 0 4.579709 2.846304 0.660838 0.454281
24.356 8.004 8.18 8.186 101.91 16.36 0 4.633855 2.854169 0.665942 0.45548
24.557 8.351 8.247 8.254 106.328 16.494 0 4.67589 2.861858 0.669864 0.456648
24.756 8.692 8.314 8.321 110.67 16.628 0 4.715548 2.869489 0.673532 0.457804
24.956 9.039 8.381 8.388 115.088 16.762 0 4.754349 2.877061 0.677091 0.458949
25.156 9.394 8.449 8.455 119.608 16.898 0 4.792546 2.884689 0.680566 0.460099
25.356 9.753 8.516 8.523 124.179 17.032 0 4.829745 2.892148 0.683924 0.461221
25.555 10.096 8.583 8.59 128.546 17.166 0 4.864036 2.899552 0.686997 0.462331
25.755 10.459 8.651 8.657 133.168 17.302 0 4.899093 2.90701 0.690116 0.463447
25.955 10.824 8.718 8.724 137.815 17.436 0 4.933142 2.914305 0.693124 0.464535
26.155 11.171 8.785 8.792 142.233 17.57 0 4.964473 2.921547 0.695873 0.465613
26.354 11.54 8.852 8.859 146.932 17.704 0 4.996753 2.928737 0.698688 0.46668
26.555 11.912 8.92 8.927 151.668 17.84 0 5.028266 2.935982 0.701418 0.467753
26.754 12.287 8.987 8.994 156.443 17.974 0 5.059063 2.94307 0.70407 0.468801
26.954 12.663 9.054 9.061 161.23 18.108 0 5.089015 2.950107 0.706634 0.469838
27.153 13.042 9.122 9.128 166.056 18.244 0 5.118329 2.957199 0.709128 0.470881
27.354 13.423 9.189 9.195 170.907 18.378 0 5.146954 2.964138 0.71155 0.471898
27.553 13.807 9.256 9.263 175.796 18.512 0 5.174997 2.97103 0.71391 0.472907
27.754 14.194 9.324 9.33 180.723 18.648 0 5.202484 2.977976 0.716211 0.473921
27.953 14.579 9.391 9.397 185.625 18.782 0 5.229101 2.984772 0.718427 0.474911
28.153 14.965 9.458 9.464 190.54 18.916 0 5.255097 2.991523 0.720581 0.475892
28.353 15.352 9.525 9.532 195.467 19.05 0 5.280494 2.998229 0.722675 0.476865
28.553 15.742 9.593 9.599 200.433 19.186 0 5.305457 3.004989 0.724723 0.477843
28.752 16.135 9.66 9.667 205.437 19.32 0 5.329995 3.011606 0.726727 0.478798
28.953 16.529 9.727 9.734 210.453 19.454 0 5.354003 3.018178 0.728679 0.479745
29.152 16.943 9.794 9.801 215.725 19.588 0 5.378629 3.024708 0.730672 0.480684
29.351 17.342 9.862 9.868 220.805 19.724 0 5.401799 3.031292 0.732538 0.481628
29.552 17.742 9.929 9.935 225.898 19.858 0 5.424501 3.037738 0.73436 0.48255
29.752 18.141 9.996 10.003 230.978 19.992 0 5.446643 3.044141 0.736129 0.483465
29.951 18.538 10.063 10.07 236.033 20.126 0 5.468199 3.050505 0.737844 0.484372
30.151 18.94 10.131 10.137 241.151 20.262 0 5.489561 3.056921 0.739538 0.485284
30.351 19.346 10.198 10.205 246.32 20.396 0 5.510683 3.063204 0.741205 0.486176
30.55 19.752 10.265 10.272 251.49 20.53 0 5.531372 3.069447 0.742833 0.48706
30.75 20.16 10.333 10.339 256.685 20.666 0 5.551738 3.075744 0.744429 0.48795
30.95 20.571 10.4 10.407 261.918 20.8 0 5.571842 3.08191 0.745999 0.48882
31.15 20.985 10.467 10.474 267.189 20.934 0 5.591692 3.088038 0.747543 0.489683
31.35 21.401 10.534 10.541 272.485 21.068 0 5.611247 3.094129 0.749059 0.490538
31.55 21.819 10.602 10.608 277.808 21.204 0 5.630523 3.100272 0.750549 0.4914
31.749 22.239 10.669 10.675 283.155 21.338 0 5.64952 3.106289 0.752012 0.492242
31.95 22.66 10.736 10.743 288.515 21.472 0 5.668207 3.11227 0.753446 0.493077
32.149 23.083 10.804 10.81 293.901 21.608 0 5.68664 3.118304 0.754856 0.493918
32.349 23.503 10.871 10.878 299.249 21.742 0 5.704612 3.124213 0.756226 0.494741
32.548 23.929 10.938 10.945 304.673 21.876 0 5.722516 3.130088 0.757587 0.495557
32.748 24.352 11.005 11.012 310.059 22.01 0 5.739983 3.135929 0.758911 0.496366
32.949 24.78 11.073 11.079 315.508 22.146 0 5.757349 3.141822 0.760223 0.497182
33.148 25.2 11.14 11.147 320.856 22.28 0 5.774104 3.147595 0.761485 0.497979
33.348 25.623 11.207 11.214 326.241 22.414 0 5.790697 3.153334 0.762731 0.49877
33.547 26.044 11.275 11.281 331.602 22.55 0 5.806947 3.159126 0.763948 0.499567
33.748 26.457 11.342 11.349 336.86 22.684 0 5.822632 3.1648 0.765119 0.500346
33.947 26.871 11.409 11.416 342.131 22.818 0 5.838112 3.170442 0.766272 0.50112
34.147 27.278 11.476 11.483 347.314 22.952 0 5.853104 3.176052 0.767386 0.501888
34.347 27.676 11.543 11.55 352.381 23.086 0 5.867547 3.181631 0.768457 0.50265
34.547 28.084 11.611 11.618 357.576 23.222 0 5.882141 3.187261 0.769535 0.503418
34.747 28.486 11.678 11.685 362.694 23.356 0 5.896313 3.192778 0.770581 0.504169
34.946 28.892 11.746 11.752 367.864 23.492 0 5.910428 3.198347 0.771619 0.504926
35.146 29.291 11.813 11.82 372.944 23.626 0 5.924106 3.203803 0.772623 0.505666
35.345 29.682 11.88 11.887 377.922 23.76 0 5.93733 3.209229 0.773591 0.506401
35.546 30.076 11.947 11.954 382.939 23.894 0 5.950484 3.214627 0.774552 0.507131
35.746 30.464 12.015 12.021 387.879 24.03 0 5.963268 3.220075 0.775484 0.507866
35.945 30.845 12.082 12.088 392.73 24.164 0 5.975665 3.225414 0.776386 0.508586
36.145 31.228 12.149 12.156 397.606 24.298 0 5.987973 3.230725 0.77728 0.5093
36.345 31.594 12.216 12.223 402.266 24.432 0 5.999596 3.236008 0.778122 0.51001
36.545 31.96 12.284 12.29 406.926 24.568 0 6.011086 3.241342 0.778953 0.510725
36.745 32.323 12.351 12.358 411.548 24.702 0 6.022353 3.246569 0.779766 0.511425
36.944 32.674 12.418 12.425 416.017 24.836 0 6.033127 3.251769 0.780542 0.51212
37.144 33.009 12.486 12.492 420.283 24.972 0 6.043305 3.257019 0.781275 0.51282
37.344 33.333 12.553 12.559 424.408 25.106 0 6.053049 3.262165 0.781974 0.513506
37.544 33.663 12.62 12.627 428.61 25.24 0 6.062878 3.267285 0.782679 0.514187
37.744 33.963 12.687 12.694 432.429 25.374 0 6.071728 3.272379 0.783312 0.514864
37.943 34.262 12.755 12.761 436.236 25.51 0 6.080473 3.277522 0.783937 0.515546
38.143 34.576 12.822 12.829 440.234 25.644 0 6.089575 3.282564 0.784587 0.516213
38.343 34.865 12.889 12.896 443.914 25.778 0 6.097881 3.287581 0.785179 0.516876
38.543 34.995 12.957 12.963 445.569 25.914 0 6.101594 3.292647 0.785443 0.517545
38.742 35.318 13.024 13.031 449.682 26.048 0 6.110762 3.297613 0.786095 0.5182
38.942 35.571 13.091 13.098 452.903 26.182 0 6.117884 3.302555 0.786601 0.51885
39.142 35.83 13.159 13.165 456.201 26.318 0 6.125123 3.307546 0.787115 0.519506
39.342 36.062 13.226 13.232 459.155 26.452 0 6.131563 3.312439 0.787571 0.520148
39.542 36.168 13.293 13.3 460.504 26.586 0 6.134491 3.317308 0.787779 0.520786
39.742 36.248 13.36 13.367 461.523 26.72 0 6.136696 3.322154 0.787935 0.52142
39.941 36.531 13.428 13.434 465.126 26.856 0 6.144456 3.327048 0.788483 0.522059
40.141 36.653 13.495 13.502 466.679 26.99 0 6.147782 3.331847 0.788718 0.522685
40.341 36.848 13.562 13.569 469.162 27.124 0 6.153077 3.336623 0.789092 0.523307
40.541 37.023 13.629 13.636 471.39 27.258 0 6.157805 3.341377 0.789426 0.523925
40.741 37.176 13.697 13.703 473.338 27.394 0 6.16192 3.346178 0.789716 0.524549
40.94 37.333 13.764 13.771 475.337 27.528 0 6.166126 3.350886 0.790012 0.52516
41.14 37.477 13.831 13.838 477.171 27.662 0 6.169968 3.355572 0.790283 0.525767
41.34 37.621 13.899 13.905 479.004 27.798 0 6.173794 3.360306 0.790552 0.526379
41.54 36.785 13.966 13.972 468.36 27.932 0 6.15137 3.364948 0.788972 0.526978
41.74 37.653 14.033 14.04 479.412 28.066 0 6.174644 3.369569 0.790612 0.527574
41.939 38.012 14.1 14.107 483.983 28.2 0 6.184114 3.374169 0.791277 0.528167
42.139 37.998 14.168 14.174 483.804 28.336 0 6.183745 3.378815 0.791252 0.528764
42.339 38.093 14.235 14.242 485.014 28.47 0 6.186237 3.383373 0.791427 0.52935
42.539 38.236 14.302 14.309 486.835 28.604 0 6.189977 3.387909 0.791689 0.529932
42.738 38.368 14.369 14.376 488.515 28.738 0 6.193415 3.392426 0.79193 0.53051
42.938 38.502 14.437 14.443 490.222 28.874 0 6.196896 3.396989 0.792174 0.531094
43.139 38.622 14.504 14.511 491.75 29.008 0 6.200002 3.401464 0.792392 0.531666
43.338 38.736 14.571 14.578 493.201 29.142 0 6.202942 3.40592 0.792598 0.532234
43.537 38.889 14.639 14.645 495.149 29.278 0 6.206876 3.410421 0.792873 0.532808
43.738 38.993 14.706 14.713 496.473 29.412 0 6.209541 3.414837 0.79306 0.53337
43.938 39.088 14.773 14.78 497.683 29.546 0 6.211971 3.419234 0.793229 0.533929
44.138 39.188 14.84 14.847 498.956 29.68 0 6.21452 3.423611 0.793408 0.534484
44.337 39.295 14.908 14.914 500.318 29.816 0 6.217241 3.428034 0.793598 0.535045
44.536 39.394 14.975 14.982 501.579 29.95 0 6.219753 3.432373 0.793773 0.535594
44.737 38.451 15.042 15.049 489.572 30.084 0 6.195572 3.436693 0.792081 0.536141
44.937 39.259 15.11 15.116 499.86 30.22 0 6.216327 3.441059 0.793534 0.536692
45.136 39.673 15.177 15.184 505.131 30.354 0 6.226796 3.445342 0.794265 0.537232
45.336 39.757 15.244 15.251 506.201 30.488 0 6.228907 3.449607 0.794412 0.53777
45.535 39.727 15.311 15.318 505.819 30.622 0 6.228154 3.453853 0.794359 0.538304
45.735 39.787 15.379 15.385 506.583 30.758 0 6.22966 3.458145 0.794464 0.538843
45.935 39.833 15.446 15.453 507.168 30.892 0 6.230812 3.462355 0.794545 0.539372
46.136 39.914 15.513 15.52 508.2 31.026 0 6.232841 3.466548 0.794686 0.539897
46.335 40.052 15.581 15.587 509.957 31.162 0 6.236285 3.470786 0.794926 0.540428
46.534 40.157 15.648 15.655 511.294 31.296 0 6.238899 3.474943 0.795108 0.540948
46.734 40.229 15.715 15.722 512.21 31.43 0 6.240685 3.479084 0.795232 0.541465
46.934 40.254 15.782 15.789 512.529 31.564 0 6.241307 3.483207 0.795276 0.541979
47.134 40.388 15.85 15.856 514.235 31.7 0 6.244623 3.487375 0.795506 0.542499
47.333 40.492 15.917 15.924 515.559 31.834 0 6.24719 3.491465 0.795685 0.543008
47.534 40.556 15.984 15.991 516.374 31.968 0 6.248766 3.495537 0.795794 0.543514
47.734 40.61 16.051 16.058 517.061 32.102 0 6.250093 3.499594 0.795886 0.544018
47.933 40.673 16.119 16.125 517.864 32.238 0 6.251642 3.503694 0.795994 0.544526
48.133 40.695 16.186 16.193 518.144 32.372 0 6.252181 3.507717 0.796032 0.545025
48.333 40.838 16.253 16.26 519.964 32.506 0 6.255681 3.511725 0.796275 0.54552
48.533 40.942 16.321 16.327 521.289 32.642 0 6.258221 3.515775 0.796451 0.546021
48.732 40.966 16.388 16.395 521.594 32.776 0 6.258805 3.51975 0.796491 0.546512
48.932 40.972 16.455 16.462 521.671 32.91 0 6.258952 3.52371 0.796502 0.547
49.132 41.036 16.522 16.529 522.485 33.044 0 6.260508 3.527654 0.79661 0.547486
49.333 41.125 16.59 16.596 523.619 33.18 0 6.262672 3.531641 0.79676 0.547977
49.532 41.179 16.657 16.664 524.306 33.314 0 6.263981 3.535553 0.79685 0.548457
49.732 41.279 16.724 16.731 525.579 33.448 0 6.266401 3.539451 0.797018 0.548936
49.932 41 16.792 16.798 522.027 33.584 0 6.259633 3.543391 0.796549 0.549419
50.132 40.685 16.859 16.865 518.016 33.718 0 6.251935 3.547258 0.796014 0.549893
50.331 41.205 16.926 16.933 524.637 33.852 0 6.264611 3.551111 0.796894 0.550364
50.531 41.641 16.993 17 530.188 33.986 0 6.275116 3.554948 0.797622 0.550833
50.73 41.423 17.061 17.067 527.413 34.122 0 6.269878 3.558828 0.797259 0.551307
50.931 41.466 17.128 17.135 527.96 34.256 0 6.270913 3.562636 0.797331 0.551771
51.13 41.48 17.195 17.202 528.139 34.39 0 6.271251 3.566429 0.797354 0.552234
51.33 41.645 17.262 17.269 530.239 34.524 0 6.275212 3.570209 0.797628 0.552694
51.53 41.661 17.33 17.336 530.443 34.66 0 6.275596 3.57403 0.797655 0.553158
51.729 41.648 17.397 17.404 530.278 34.794 0 6.275285 3.57778 0.797633 0.553614
51.93 41.716 17.465 17.471 531.143 34.93 0 6.276912 3.581573 0.797746 0.554074
52.129 41.796 17.532 17.538 532.162 35.064 0 6.278825 3.585295 0.797878 0.554525
52.329 41.848 17.599 17.606 532.824 35.198 0 6.280066 3.589004 0.797964 0.554974
52.528 41.886 17.666 17.673 533.308 35.332 0 6.280972 3.592699 0.798027 0.555421
52.729 41.89 17.734 17.74 533.359 35.468 0 6.281068 3.596435 0.798033 0.555872
52.929 41.969 17.801 17.807 534.365 35.602 0 6.282949 3.600103 0.798164 0.556315
53.129 42.042 17.868 17.875 535.294 35.736 0 6.284683 3.603757 0.798283 0.556756
53.328 42.038 17.935 17.942 535.243 35.87 0 6.284587 3.607398 0.798277 0.557194
53.528 42.059 18.003 18.009 535.511 36.006 0 6.285087 3.61108 0.798311 0.557637
53.728 42.106 18.07 18.077 536.109 36.14 0 6.286201 3.614695 0.798388 0.558072
53.928 42.133 18.137 18.144 536.453 36.274 0 6.286841 3.618296 0.798432 0.558504
54.127 42.174 18.204 18.211 536.975 36.408 0 6.287812 3.621885 0.7985 0.558935
54.327 42.211 18.272 18.278 537.446 36.544 0 6.288687 3.625514 0.79856 0.55937
54.527 42.23 18.339 18.346 537.688 36.678 0 6.289137 3.629076 0.798591 0.559796
54.727 42.256 18.406 18.413 538.019 36.812 0 6.289751 3.632627 0.798633 0.560221
54.927 42.303 18.474 18.48 538.617 36.948 0 6.29086 3.636217 0.79871 0.56065
55.126 42.349 18.541 18.547 539.203 37.082 0 6.291945 3.639742 0.798785 0.561071
55.326 42.391 18.608 18.615 539.738 37.216 0 6.292935 3.643254 0.798853 0.561489
55.525 42.417 18.675 18.682 540.069 37.35 0 6.293547 3.646755 0.798895 0.561907
55.726 42.439 18.743 18.749 540.349 37.486 0 6.294064 3.650295 0.798931 0.562328
55.925 42.449 18.81 18.817 540.476 37.62 0 6.294299 3.65377 0.798947 0.562741
56.125 42.462 18.877 18.884 540.642 37.754 0 6.294605 3.657234 0.798969 0.563153
56.325 42.489 18.944 18.951 540.986 37.888 0 6.29524 3.660686 0.799012 0.563562
56.526 42.523 19.012 19.019 541.418 38.024 0 6.296037 3.664177 0.799067 0.563976
56.725 42.555 19.079 19.086 541.826 38.158 0 6.296789 3.667605 0.799119 0.564383
56.925 42.586 19.146 19.153 542.221 38.292 0 6.297516 3.671021 0.799169 0.564787
57.124 42.622 19.213 19.22 542.679 38.426 0 6.298359 3.674425 0.799227 0.565189
57.324 42.642 19.281 19.288 542.934 38.562 0 6.298828 3.677869 0.79926 0.565596
57.524 42.654 19.348 19.355 543.086 38.696 0 6.299107 3.68125 0.799279 0.565995
57.724 42.652 19.416 19.422 543.061 38.832 0 6.299061 3.684671 0.799276 0.566399
57.923 42.654 19.483 19.489 543.086 38.966 0 6.299107 3.688029 0.799279 0.566794
58.123 42.67 19.55 19.557 543.29 39.1 0 6.299482 3.691376 0.799305 0.567188
58.323 42.688 19.617 19.624 543.519 39.234 0 6.299903 3.694712 0.799334 0.567581
58.523 42.708 19.685 19.691 543.774 39.37 0 6.300371 3.698087 0.799366 0.567977
58.723 42.727 19.752 19.758 544.016 39.504 0 6.300815 3.701401 0.799397 0.568366
58.923 42.756 19.819 19.826 544.385 39.638 0 6.301492 3.704704 0.799443 0.568753
59.122 42.792 19.886 19.893 544.843 39.772 0 6.302331 3.707996 0.799501 0.569139
59.322 42.821 19.954 19.96 545.213 39.908 0 6.303009 3.711326 0.799548 0.569529
59.522 42.848 20.021 20.028 545.556 40.042 0 6.303637 3.714596 0.799591 0.569912
59.722 42.842 20.088 20.095 545.48 40.176 0 6.303498 3.717856 0.799582 0.570293
59.921 42.799 20.155 20.162 544.933 40.31 0 6.302496 3.721105 0.799513 0.570672
60.122 42.771 20.223 20.23 544.576 40.446 0 6.301842 3.724391 0.799468 0.571055
60.321 42.765 20.29 20.297 544.5 40.58 0 6.301703 3.727619 0.799458 0.571432
60.521 42.779 20.358 20.364 544.678 40.716 0 6.302029 3.730885 0.79948 0.571812
60.721 42.795 20.425 20.432 544.882 40.85 0 6.302403 3.734092 0.799506 0.572185
60.92 42.807 20.492 20.499 545.034 40.984 0 6.302681 3.737289 0.799525 0.572557
61.12 42.818 20.559 20.566 545.174 41.118 0 6.302938 3.740475 0.799543 0.572927
61.32 42.831 20.627 20.633 545.34 41.254 0 6.303241 3.743699 0.799564 0.573301
61.52 42.847 20.694 20.7 545.544 41.388 0 6.303615 3.746865 0.79959 0.573668
61.719 42.862 20.761 20.768 545.735 41.522 0 6.303964 3.750022 0.799614 0.574034
61.92 42.871 20.829 20.835 545.849 41.658 0 6.304173 3.753215 0.799628 0.574403
62.119 42.871 20.896 20.902 545.849 41.792 0 6.304173 3.756351 0.799628 0.574766
62.32 42.861 20.963 20.97 545.722 41.926 0 6.30394 3.759478 0.799612 0.575128
62.519 42.843 21.03 21.037 545.493 42.06 0 6.303521 3.762594 0.799583 0.575487
62.719 42.822 21.097 21.104 545.225 42.194 0 6.303031 3.765702 0.799549 0.575846
62.919 42.802 21.165 21.172 544.971 42.33 0 6.302566 3.768845 0.799517 0.576208
63.119 42.785 21.232 21.239 544.754 42.464 0 6.302168 3.771933 0.79949 0.576564
63.319 42.768 21.299 21.306 544.538 42.598 0 6.301772 3.775011 0.799463 0.576918
63.518 42.748 21.367 21.373 544.283 42.734 0 6.301305 3.778126 0.79943 0.577276
63.718 42.715 21.434 21.441 543.863 42.868 0 6.300534 3.781185 0.799377 0.577628
63.918 42.673 21.501 21.508 543.328 43.002 0 6.299552 3.784235 0.79931 0.577978
64.118 42.621 21.569 21.575 542.666 43.138 0 6.298335 3.787321 0.799226 0.578332
64.318 42.558 21.636 21.642 541.864 43.272 0 6.296859 3.790352 0.799124 0.57868
64.517 42.482 21.703 21.71 540.896 43.406 0 6.295074 3.793375 0.799001 0.579026
64.717 42.395 21.77 21.777 539.789 43.54 0 6.293029 3.796388 0.79886 0.579371
64.917 42.295 21.838 21.844 538.515 43.676 0 6.290671 3.799436 0.798697 0.579719
65.117 42.184 21.905 21.911 537.102 43.81 0 6.288048 3.802431 0.798516 0.580061
65.316 42.065 21.972 21.979 535.587 43.944 0 6.285229 3.805417 0.798321 0.580402
65.516 41.938 22.039 22.046 533.97 44.078 0 6.282211 3.808394 0.798112 0.580742
65.716 41.791 22.107 22.114 532.098 44.214 0 6.278705 3.811407 0.79787 0.581085
65.916 41.635 22.174 22.181 530.112 44.348 0 6.274973 3.814366 0.797612 0.581422
66.115 41.464 22.241 22.248 527.935 44.482 0 6.270866 3.817317 0.797327 0.581758
66.316 41.276 22.308 22.315 525.541 44.616 0 6.266329 3.820259 0.797013 0.582093
66.516 41.069 22.376 22.382 522.906 44.752 0 6.261312 3.823236 0.796665 0.582431
66.715 40.842 22.443 22.45 520.015 44.886 0 6.255779 3.82616 0.796281 0.582763
66.915 40.587 22.51 22.517 516.769 45.02 0 6.249529 3.829076 0.795847 0.583094
67.114 40.31 22.578 22.584 513.242 45.156 0 6.242694 3.832027 0.795372 0.583429

stress
12

10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

stress
 true sress-true strain
7

4
tru sress

0
1 14 27 40 53 66 79 92 105 118 131 144 157 170 183 196 209 222 235 248 261 274 287 300 313 326
tru strain

Chart Title
1

0.5

-1

-2

1 14 27 40 53 66 79 92 105 118 131 144 157 170 183 196 209 222 235 248 261 274 287 300 313 326
Discussion
-Determine the forces affecting the piece for proper design
-We will discuss the effects of the temperature and the rate of deformation
on what affects the shape of the stress curve, as the stress rate increases
with the decrease in stress, and the increase in deformation will be where
the break point is reached faster

Conclusion
-If stress increases, strain increases the value of E
- you have to know every force affects here. To have a successful process.

Question
1-Consider the engineering stress-strain curve, the curve after necking goes
down and the engineering stress decreases with the increase of
engineering strain. Explain why?
If you closely observe the graph it is stress on the ordinate and strain on
the absicca. So the ultimate point is where the stress is no more
proportional to strain.After this point stress reduces and only strain
increases. Strain is change in length to original length So strain increases
and finally the component fails.

2-Discuss the effects of; temperature; strain rate; and deformation rate on
the shape of the true stresstrue strain curve.
Temperature increase strain will increase and decrease stress
strain rate increase strain will decrease and increase stress
deformation rate increase will reach faster to fracture point
3- The true strain can be expressed as:  = ln (1/(1-r)) where r is the
percentage reduction of area. Prove this relation.
 = ln(1/(1-r))=ln(lf/l )
0

Lf/l =(1/(1-r))
0

Reduction of area =( A -Af/ A )*100%

0 0

Lf/l = A /Af
0 0

A * l = A f * Lf
0 0 << V =VF 0

references
https://www.academia.edu/30166212/Mechanical_Behavior_of_
Materials
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strength_of_materials#:~:text=6%
20External%20links-,Definition,without%20failure%20or
%20plastic%20deformation.&text=Deformation%20of%20the
%20material%20is,placed%20on%20a%20unit%20basis.
-manual