1- Start with the most important concept as the center of your outline.

2- List the most important concepts from the whole text and establish a hierarchy and
select which are principal and secondary concepts
3- Express the concepts using noun phrases (do not use sentences with conjugated
verbs)
4- Think how these concepts are connected in the text.
5- Show these connections with arrows or other icons
6- Construct a “visual picture” (outline) of this network (Think if the text makes a
comparison, a contrast or attack a position).
7- Indicate all the different positions and differentiate them graphically so that the
reader can understand who said what.
8- Indicate closure: the author´s point of view if he presents it. Show the conclusion
clearly