BRAYTON CYCLE

Kelly Anwar / 201904510003

Yehuda Pratama / 201904510059
Axel Gilbert / 201904510068
Open-cycle Gas-Turbine Engine
1-2 Temperature and
pressure are raised.

2-3 The fuel is burned at

constant pressure.

3-4 The high-temperature

gases expand to the
atmospheric pressure while
producing power.
BRAYTON CYCLE: THE IDEAL CYCLE FOR GAS-TURBINE ENGINES

the combustion process is replaced by a constant-pressure heat-addition process

from an external source, and the exhaust process is replaced by a
constant-pressure heat-rejection process to the ambient air
BRAYTON CYCLE: THE IDEAL CYCLE FOR GAS-TURBINE ENGINES
➔ George Brayton 1870

➔ Used for gas turbines only where both the compression and
expansion processes take place in rotating machinery.

➔ An ideal cycle where the working fluid undergoes a closed

loop (air standard assumptions)
BRAYTON CYCLE: THE IDEAL CYCLE FOR GAS-TURBINE ENGINES
1-2 Isentropic
compression (in a
compressor)

2-3 Constant-pressure
heat addition

3-4 Isentropic
expansion (in a
turbine)

4-1 Constant-pressure
heat rejection
 Energy Balance
Energy Balance Brayton Cycle

Energy Balance Komponen

Closed cycle, steady state, Ep & Ek are neglected

Process 1-2 Isentropic Compression (Compressor)

Asumsi: steady, adiabatik, ek & ep neglectible

Process 2-3 Constant Pressure Heat Adition (Heat Exchanger 2-3)

ASUMSI : STEADY, NO WORK, EK EP NEGLECTIBLE

Process 3-4 Isentropic Expansion (Turbine)

Asumsi: Steady, Adiabatik, ek & ep neglectible

Process 4-1 Constant Pressure Heat Rejection (Heat Exchanger 4-1)
Asumsi:Steady
No work
Ep,ek << h
Efficiency of The Ideal Brayton Cycle
Different Pressure Ratio At Constant MAx & Min Temperature
Change in the pressure
ratio can result in a
change in the work output
from the cycle

Tmax is limited by metallurgical

conditions

Tmin is set by the air

temperature at the inlet
Back Work Ratio
Persamaan Back Work Ratio

Fraction of the turbine work used to power the compressor

Application and development of Gas Turbine Engines
Application :

● Aircraft propulsion
● Electric power generation

Development :

● Increasing the turbine inlet temperatures

● Increase the efficincies of turbomachinery components
● Adding modifications to the basic cycle
Deviation of Actual Gas-Turbine Cycles from Idealized Ones
Reason: irreversibilities in
turbine and compressors, pressure
drops, heat losses.

Efficiency:
Compressor turbin

2a, 4a are actual states

The deviation of an actual
gas-turbine cycle from the 2s, 4s are states for isentropic process
ideal Brayton cycle as a
result of irreversibilities.
Example: The Simple Ideal Brayton Cycle
A gas-turbine power plant operating
on an ideal Brayton cycle has a
pressure ratio of 8. The gas
temperature is 300 K at the
compressor inlet and 1300 K at the
turbine inlet. Utilizing the
air-standard assumptions, determine:

A. the gas temperature at the exits

of the compressor and the turbine,
B. the back work ratio, and
C. the thermal efficiency.
Assumptions
● Steady
● Air Standard Assumptions are applicable
● Kinetic energy and potential energy are neglectable
● No work for compressor and both heat exchangers
Answer: A)the gas temperature at the exits of the compressor and the turbine
Compressor Interpolasi:

Table A-17
T=530K
P=10,37
Table
A-17 T=540K
P=11,10
Answer: A)the gas temperature at the exits of the compressor and the turbine

Turbine Interpolasi:

Table
A-17

Table A-17
T=760K
Pr=39,27

T=540K
Pr=43,35
Answer: B)the back work ratio
Table A-17 Interpolasi:
T=530K
h=533,98kJ/kg

T=540K
h=544,35kJ/kg

T2=539,835K
Answer: B)the back work ratio
Table A-17 Interpolasi:
T=760K
h=778,18kJ/kg

T=780K
h=800,003kJ/kg

T4=770,256K
Answer: B)the back work ratio
Table A-17
T1=300K
h1=300,19kJ/kg

T2=539,835K
h2=544,178895kJ/kg

T3=1300K
h3=1395,97kJ/kg

T4=770,256K
h4=789,3708344kJ/kg
Answer: C) the thermal efficiency
Thermal Efficiency under cold-air-standard assumptions :