‘Quantitative Methods II’ (EC2203) – Problem Set 5 - Matrices

Chiang and Wainwright, chapter 4, 5 sections 1 to 5

1. Consider the following matrices.

⎛ 1 0⎞ ⎛ 1 0 1⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎛2 0 0 ⎞
A = ⎜ 0 0⎟ B= ⎜ − 2 2 1 ⎟ C = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ D = (1 0 2 2 1)
⎜ 2 1⎟ ⎜ 0 2 0⎟ ⎝ 0 2 − 1⎠
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
(i) What are the dimensions of each matrix?
(ii) Which pairs can you multiply (note: AB is possibly different
from BA etc. so you need to consider AB and BA
separately)?

2. (From Chiang and Wainwright, Chapter 4 exercise 4.5 questions 1-3).

⎛ 9⎞
⎛ −1 5 7 ⎞ ⎜ ⎟ ⎛x ⎞
i. Given A = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟, b = ⎜ 6 ⎟, x = ⎜⎜ 1 ⎟⎟
⎝ 0 − 2 4⎠ ⎜ 0⎟ ⎝ x2 ⎠
⎝ ⎠
a) Calculate AI (what are the dimensions of I?)
b) Calculate IA (what are the dimensions of I?)
c) IX
d) X’I

ii.
a) Calculate Ab
b) Calculate AIb (what are the dimensions of I?)
c) Calculate x’IA
d) Calculate x’A

iii. What is the dimension of the null matrix resulting from each of the
following?

a) Premultiply A by a 5x2 null matrix?

b) Postmultiply A by a 3x6 null matrix?
c) Premultiply b by a 2x3 null matrix?
d) Postmultiply x by a 1x5 null matrix?

3. Find i. BA ii. BB’ iii. CB and iv. AD

⎛1⎞ ⎛ 1 0 1⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎛2 0 0 ⎞
A = ⎜ 2⎟ B= ⎜ 2 0 1 ⎟ C = ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ D = (1 0 2 2 1)
⎜1⎟ ⎜ 0 2 0⎟ ⎝ 0 2 − 1 ⎠
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠

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 ⎛ 1 1 1⎞ ⎛ 0 4 0⎞ ⎛ − 2 0 1⎞ ⎛ − 4 10 1 ⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
4. Let A = ⎜ − 2 0 1 ⎟; B = ⎜ − 2 0 1 ⎟ C = ⎜ 1 1 1 ⎟ D=⎜ 1 5 1⎟
⎜ 0 4 0⎟ ⎜ 1 1 1⎟ ⎜ 0 4 0⎟ ⎜ 0 0 0 ⎟⎠
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝

Find
i. det. A ii. det. B. iii. det. A’ iv. det. C.

What do you conclude about

v. the relationship between the determinant of a matrix and the
determinant of the transpose of the same matrix?
vi. the effect of swapping rows on the determinant of a matrix?
vii. the determinant of D?

5. Find the inverses of the non-singular matrices in 4. (you may need to

look back in your notes for the definition of non-singular)

6. Find the determinants of A and B (hint: before finding det. A, look

back closely at your answers to 3.).
⎛ 2 0 0 0⎞ ⎛ 1 0 1 − 1⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎜ 34 1 1 1 ⎟ ⎜0 2 0 1 ⎟
A=⎜ ; B=⎜ .
22 − 2 0 1 ⎟ 2 0 −1 0 ⎟
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎜ − 6 0 4 0⎟ ⎜1 3 0 1 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠

Course Materials Supplied by Alistair Munro