Information Summary of Local Daily News Reports

Date: 21 November. 210210

Part I: China-related reports

Topic: Not Available.

Part II: Politics-related reports of Bangladesh

Topic: Covid-19: Highest infection rate in 78 days

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily TBS BD.

Summary: Twenty eight more people died from Covid-19 in the last 24 hours till
Saturday at 8am, while the daily cases reached the highest number in 78 days. The
country's death toll from the virus now stands at 6,350, according to a press release
issued by the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS). In the meantime,
1,847 people tested positive for Covid-19. The number of novel coronavirus cases in
the country now stands at 445,281. The latest day's infection rate was 14.61% of the
total tests, though the overall rate in the country till date was 16.90 %. The death rate
stands at 1.43 %. Among the latest day's victims, 18 were men and 10 were women.
All the deceased died in different hospitals across the country. Moreover, 16 of them
hailed from Dhaka, three each from Chattogram and Rajshahi, two each from Khulna
and Barishal, one each from Sylhet and Rangpur divisions. Meanwhile, 12,643
samples were tested in 117 labs across the country in the past 24 hours. A total of
2,635,202 samples have been tested in the country so far.

https://tbsnews.net/coronavirus-chronicle/covid-19-bangladesh/28-more-covid-19-deaths-
1847-new-cases-160867

Topic: Lockdown will not be required if people follow health rules:

Health Minister
Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily TBS BD.

Summary: There will be no need for a fresh lockdown in the country if people
comply with hygiene rules, Health Minister Zahid Maleque has said. He stated this
while addressing a function organised to distribute free fertiliser and seeds among
farmers in Manikganj Sadar Upazila on Friday. America and France have adopted
fresh lockdowns, but we do not want to go that way. Our country will not need a
lockdown if people follow the health rules," the minister said. He noted that the rate
of novel coronavirus infections is surging and said this is not a good sign at all. Some
people are not even aware about the virus – which is not right. The health minister
reiterated his call for the public to wear masks until an effective vaccine arrives. He
revealed that the recovery rate from the contagious virus in the country is 81%. The
mortality rate in Bangladesh is lower than in any other country in terms of population
density, he claimed, saying that this is thanks to the successful efforts of his ministry.
Over importing vaccines, Minister Maleque said the vaccine will be brought to the
country as soon as it hits the market.

https://tbsnews.net/coronavirus-chronicle/covid-19-bangladesh/lockdown-not-
required-if-people-follow-health-rules-health

Topic: Waiting for 'right time' to wage movement: BNP

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Independent BD.

Summary: BNP senior leader Gayeshwar Chandra Roy on Friday said their party
is waiting for an atmosphere conducive to creating a mass uprising to turn
Bangladesh into a democratic country by ousting the current government. “BNP
leaders are determined to achieve the target of their party. They don't even think
whether they’ll embrace death or not in the way of reaching that target,” he said.
Speaking at a doa mahfil at the party’s Nayapaltan central office, he said, “They
(BNP leaders) are just waiting for a scope and an atmosphere...we’re determined to
materialise the 1971’s dream of establishing a democratic state by ensuring the fall
of the current government through a mass uprising." BNP arranged the programme,
marking the 56th birth anniversary of its acting chairman Tarique Rahman who has
long been staying in London. Gayeshwar, a BNP standing committee member, urged
the young generation to come forward to materialise the dream of freedom fighters
by ‘restoring’ democracy in the country. I would like to tell the youth that the coming
days are yours. We had fought in 1971 at your age to build Bangladesh as per our
dreams. But we still couldn't build it in the way we wanted at that time.

http://www.theindependentbd.com/post/256306

Topic: Bangladesh, India to get corona vaccine by April.

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Sun BD.

Summary: India and Bangladesh are expected to get the Oxford COVID-19
vaccine by April-May in 2021. Two necessary doses of the vaccine will be priced at a
maximum of Indian Rupees 500-600. Beximco Pharmaceuticals, which inked a deal
with Indian vaccine maker Serum Institute, will get priority to receive the coronavirus
vaccine once it will be available in India. Vaccine maker Serum Institute of India’s
CEO Adar Poonawalla on Thursday said the Oxford COVID-19 vaccine should be
available for healthcare workers and elderly people by around February 2021 and by
April for the general public. It will probably take two or three years for every Indian to
get inoculated, not just because of the supply constraints but because you need the
budget, the vaccine, logistics, infrastructure and then, people should be willing to
take the vaccine,” he said at the Hindustan Times Leadership Summit, 2020 held
virtually. The government of India will get it at a far cheaper price at around USD 3-4,
because it will be bought in a large volume,” Poonawalla said. Asked about the
efficacy of the vaccine, he said the Oxford-Astrazeneca vaccine is so far proving to
work very well even in elderly people.
https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/518942/Bangladesh-Indiato-get-
coronavaccine-by-April

Topic: Chiefs of three services meet PM.

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily TBS BD.

Summary: The chiefs of the three services on Saturday paid a courtesy call on
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on the occasion of the Armed Forces Day 2020. Chief
of Army Staff General Aziz Ahmed, Chief of Naval Staff Admiral M Shaheen Iqbal
and Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Masihuzzaman Serniabat met the Prime
Minister at Ganobhaban in the morning. In the beginning of the meeting, the Prime
Minister greeted them on the occasion of the Armed Forces Day, said PM's Deputy
Press Secretary Hasan Jahid Tusher at a press briefing. She mentioned the glorious
role of the country's armed forces in checking coronavirus pandemic and different
natural disasters. Sheikh Hasina extended her thanks to every member of the
armed forces for standing beside people during the Covid-19 pandemic. She
particularly thanked the Chief of Army Staff and every member of Bangladesh Army
for standing beside people by checking the outbreak of coronavirus and raising
public awareness about the pandemic.

https://tbsnews.net/bangladesh/chiefs-three-services-meet-pm-160897

Part III: Diplomacy related News.

Topic: PM seeks coordinated global action against widespread use

of antibiotics.
Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Dhaka Tribune BD.

Summary: Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina has sought coordinated global action to
monitor the nature of infections, implement the required control measures and raise
awareness against the widespread use of antibiotics. We should also ensure
affordable access to new antibiotics by all. For this, I also call for increased
internationally coordinated investment for more research for inventing the new
generation of antibiotics," she said on Friday. The Prime Minister was speaking at
the Press Event of the launching of 'One Health Global Leaders Group on
Antimicrobial Resistance' virtually from her official residence Ganobhaban as a co-
chair. She said there is no doubt that antimicrobial resistance has become a global
public health challenge both for humans and animals endangering food production
and leading all towards catastrophic results. We’re running out of available
antibiotics and soon could face another global emergency, far worse than the current
Covid-19 pandemic," she observed. She mentioned that this menace has the
potential of rolling back most of human's medical and therapeutic successes
achieved through scientific advancements over the ages.

https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2020/11/20/pm-seeks-coordinated-
global-action-against-widespread-use-of-antibiotics
Topic: UK: Overall human rights situation in Bangladesh cause for
concern.
Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Dhaka Tribune BD.

Summary: The United Kingdom government has expressed concern over the
overall human rights situation in Bangladesh, according to a ministerial statement by
the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. The statement, issued on Friday, that
covered the period from January to June this year, placed Bangladesh in the group
of 30 human rights priority countries. Focusing on particular countries allows us to
exert influence over the long term, and thus to achieve maximum impact,
encouraging governments to meet their international human rights obligations,” said
the statement. However, it said: “Our human rights work goes beyond these 30
countries. We prioritise issues of concern, but also seek to reflect positive
developments where there has been progress. In Bangladesh, the overall human
rights situation continued to be of concern,” said the statement. In particular, the
Dhaka City Corporation elections in February were marred by widespread
allegations of voter intimidation and an attack on an opposition candidate. The
government criticised the UK and other diplomatic missions in Bangladesh for
observing the elections,” it said.

https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/foreign-affairs/2020/11/20/uk-overall-
human-rights-situation-in-bangladesh-cause-for-concern

Topic: South Korean embassy in Dhaka declared closed.

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Dhaka Tribune BD.

Summary: The embassy of the Republic of Korea (South Korea) in Dhaka was
declared temporarily closed on Friday, after one of the mission's employees tested
Covid-19 positive. After an employee of the embassy got tested positive for Covid-19
on November 20, the mission will remain closed temporarily until further notice in
order to ensure safety of other employees," a notice issued by the embassy says. In
case of emergency, people are advised to contact the embassy through email –
consuldhaka@mofa.go.kr.The notice, however, did not specify whether the
employee is a South Korean or Bangladeshi national. Confirming the development to
Dhaka Tribune, an official of the embassy said that every activity, including issuance
of visas, would remain suspended during the time the mission stays closed.
Responding to a question, he said that as of now it could not be said how long the
mission would be closed.

https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/2020/11/20/south-korean-
embassy-in-dhaka-declared-closed

Topic: Bangladesh urges Jordan to open embassy in Dhaka.

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Independent BD.
Summary: Bangladesh has urged Jordan to open its Embassy in Dhaka for further
strengthen bilateral relations and trade cooperation between the two nations. The
request was made while Bangladesh Ambassador to Jordan Nahida Sobhan held a
meeting with newly appointed Foreign Secretary of Jordan Dr. Yousef Bataineh in
Amman on Thursday, a foreign ministry press release said here today. During the
meeting, they discussed on convening the bilateral Foreign Office Consultations
(FOC), strengthening the bilateral relations in areas of tourism, trade and investment,
employment and Bangladeshi workers in Jordan. The Ambassador requested to
arrange meetings between the business communities of both the countries. Sobhan
also praised the Jordanian government for their management of corona virus and its
initiatives to ensure labour rights of migrant workers.

http://www.theindependentbd.com/post/256318

Part: Economy-related Reports of Bangladesh

1) Macro economy

Topic: Covid Fallout Package: Let barriers be removed

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Star BD.

Summary: In the face of criticisms, the government is going to evaluate its

economic rescue scheme announced six months ago to tackle the fallout of the
pandemic. The finance ministry will hold a dialogue series, styled "Stimulus
Packages for Sustainable and Inclusive Recovery from Covid-19 Fallout in
Bangladesh" on three separate dates with economists, development partners, local
think-tanks and other stakeholders. The move comes amid criticisms over the
effectiveness of the scheme as disbursement of the funds to small and medium
enterprises and farm sectors is still very slow. A local think-tank also noted that the
stimulus packages could not create the required number of jobs. We will present
reports on the progress and achievements of the fiscal packages before the
stakeholders. The stakeholders will also come up with suggestions. We will then set
the next course of action," a top official of the finance division told The Daily Star,
wishing anonymity. The dialogue series will start on November 26 on the topic "Job
Retention, Restoration of Demand and Maintenance of Supply Chain," the official
said.

https://www.thedailystar.net/backpage/news/covid-fallout-package-let-barriers-be-
removed-1997945

Topic: Graduation from LDC Status: Hope brightens.

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Star BD.

Summary: Bangladesh is going to compete in the second review of a UN panel

next year for graduation to a developing country from a least developed one as it met
all the three criteria for getting out of the LDC bloc. Dhaka has already sent the latest
status report on the three eligibility criteria -- Gross National Income (GNI) per capita,
Human Assets Index (HAI) and Economic Vulnerability Index (EVI) -- to the UN
Committee for Development Policy (CDP) that makes assessment for the graduation
on the basis of the indices. In all the three criteria, Bangladesh is well ahead of the
required thresholds. It has performed better in two categories -- GNI and HAI -- than
that in 2018 when it got the first recommendation from the CDP for graduating to a
developing country. However, the country's position in the third criterion fell, yet it's
much above the required threshold. The UN committee took data from March 2018
to April this year as per the timeframe it set for assessing Bangladesh's progress in
its second review. This means the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the country's
economy has not been taken into account.

https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news/graduation-ldc-status-hope-brightens-
1998373

2) Business

Topic: Dhaka north goes innovative to raise income

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily TBS BD.

Summary: As part of its move towards self-reliance, Dhaka North City Corporation
has taken initiatives to issue Tk1,000 crore city bonds to raise funds for constructing
a multi-storey commercial building in the capital's Gulshan. This will be the first bond
of its kind in Bangladesh for urban or infrastructure development, officials have said.
Dhaka North says it wants to achieve self-sufficiency with the income from rents and
sales of spaces in the building by raising capital through these bonds. It is also
planning to issue bonds for the construction of its other commercial buildings in the
future. It will spend the earnings from these buildings on civic services. Municipal
bond is a debt security issued by a state or a municipality to finance its capital
expenditures, including the construction of highways, bridges, schools and markets.
They can be thought of as loans that investors give to local governments. Officials at
the Bangladesh Securities and Exchange Commission (BSEC) say Dhaka North's
proposal to collect money from the capital market by issuing city bonds is awaiting
the final approval.

https://tbsnews.net/economy/dhaka-north-goes-innovative-raise-income-160642

Topic: Removing barriers to FDI inflow .

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Financial Express BD.
Summary: Bangladesh's performance in the export and foreign remittance sectors
has been impressive over the years. Excepting the early few weeks since the end of
March when the pandemic-induced shutdowns were in force, the trend has remained
more or less stable. The country's growth in terms of its Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) also reflects this fact. This is doubtless uplifting. But the economy's
performance in the other vital area, that of its ability to attract Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI), is far from being at the expected level. In FY 2019, for example,
the net inflow of FDI in the economy was said to be rather high at US$3.88 billion
compared to those of the previous years. But the amount as a percentage of the
country's GDP was only 0.5 per cent. Evidently, this is a rather low FDI-GDP ratio for
an otherwise well-performing economy. Many other nations in the South and
Southeast Asia including India, Vietnam, Indonesia and Thailand performed far
better in drawing FDI in the year under consideration.

https://www.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/editorial/removing-barriers-to-fdi-inflow-
1605889029

3) Financial:

Topic: RMG owners to get up to Tk30cr for Covid safety measures

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily TBS BD.

Summary: Readymade garment (RMG) factories will get low-cost funds up to

Tk30 crore for investment in improving their workers' safety to overcome the Covid-
19 pandemic situation. The pre-finance credit facility is offered to eligible RMG
factories under social upgradation aiming at improving the safety, health and
hygienic facility of workers and workplace environment, said a circular issued by the
Bangladesh Bank on Thursday. RMG owners will get the fund under the
"Programme to Support Safety Retrofits and Environmental Upgrades in the
Bangladeshi Ready-Made Garments Sector Project (SREUP)" formed by the
government. The fund was constituted in March 2019 with a total size of around $17
million sponsored by AFD (AgenceFrançaise de Développement). The initial
objective of the fund was to provide funds to RMG factories for safety retrofits and
environmental upgradation. Now, RMG industries will get the fund for Covid-19
related safety upgradation. The maximum limit for each factory is Tk10 crore or
equivalent of EUR 1 million at an interest rate of 7%, according to SREUP fund
guideline.

https://tbsnews.net/economy/rmg/rmg-owners-get-tk30cr-covid-safety-measures-
160306

Topic: Bangladesh loses $703m in taxes a year: report

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily New Age BD.

Summary: Bangladesh in a year loses around $703.40 million in taxes, which is

about 62 per cent of the country’s public health expenditure, mainly due to corporate
tax abuse and offshore tax evasion, according to a global report. Of the amount,
corporate tax abuse causes annual tax loss worth $674.24 million and offshore tax
evasion is responsible for the remaining $29.15 million loss in taxes, said the report
released by the Tax Justice Network on Friday. The country could pay annual
salaries of 3.92 lakh nurses with the amount lost in taxes, it said. The annual loss in
taxes is 3.46 per cent of the collected tax revenue. The amount of offshore wealth of
the country is $1.9 billion, the report titled ‘the State of Tax Justice 2020: Tax Justice
in the Time of COVID-19’ said. According to the report, the world is losing over $427
billion in tax a year to international tax abuse. Of the amount, nearly $245 billion is
lost to multinational corporations shifting profit into tax havens in order to underreport
how much profits they actually made in the country where they do business and
consequently pay less taxes than they should.

https://www.newagebd.net/article/122139/bangladesh-loses-703m-in-taxes-a-year-
report

4) Banking

Topic: Strengthening banking sector for post-COVID recovery

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Financial Express BD.

Summary: The banking sector in Bangladesh has been diligently navigating the
unprecedented COVID-19 crisis since the beginning. Initially, the sector has
successfully met the cash flow challenges in the economy during the general holiday
(shutdown) period with some regulatory relaxations in policy rates i.e., CRR, ADR &
repo. Now the sector has been entrusted with the prime responsibility of
implementing most of the stimulus packages declared by the government. This is not
the end here. In a Post COVID world, a strong banking sector will also be needed for
a strong recovery. To prepare for this, banks now should respond to the changing
customer demands in the new normal, while fostering efficiency and creating
resilience in the challenging operating environment. All measures initially taken to
respond to the crisis have begun to slowly ease with the resumption of normal
operations. As the risk of a 'second wave' remains, it's high time for financial
institutions to look back at the lessons learned in the changing dynamics in recent
months, for gaining operational excellence in the days to come.

https://www.thefinancialexpress.com.bd/views/views/strengthening-banking-sector-
for-post-covid-recovery-1605882943

5) Foreign Trade

Topic: Not Available.

6) Infrastructure (road, railway, bridge, port, airport, water

treatment, power, etc.)

Topic: Padma Bridge will be inaugurated on Victory Day 2021:

Quader
Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily TBS BD.
Summary: Road Transport and Bridges Minister Obaidul Quader has said Padma
Bridge construction will be completed by December 2021 and it will be inaugurated
on the Victory Day that year. Out of 40 spans of the bridge, 37 have been installed
and 82% of the project has been completed," said the minister at "Meet the
Reporters" programme organised by the Dhaka Reporters' Unity (DRU) on Friday.
He said the government had made 450 kilometres of four-lane highways across the
country in 12 years and work was underway to construct another 400km, adding
construction of border roads was also going on. Admitting that discipline has not yet
come in the country's public transport, the bridge minister said, "If discipline is not
restored in public transport, people will not be able to enjoy the benefits of this road
development. We are working on a project to restore order on the road. Hopefully,
we will be able to achieve that very soon. He said there are many infiltrators in his
party, but the Awami League takes strong action against any criminal activities
committed by them. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina is strict in this regard. Criminals
belong to no party and a party cannot be a shield for them," Quader added.

https://tbsnews.net/bangladesh/transport/padma-bridge-will-be-inaugurated-victory-
day-2021-160483

Topic: One step towards a port city free of waterlogging.

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Star BD.

Summary: The authorities of Premier University Chattogram have begun

demolishing two structures of the educational institution that were built on a canal in
the port city at Prabarttak intersection around 20 years ago. The university
authorities began the process of demolition last month as per the order of
Chattogram Development Authority (CDA). Locals have long been demanding that
the structures be demolished as they said they have to suffer every year during
monsoon since rainwater cannot flow through the canal as the building stand in the
way. This causes severe waterlogging. CDA is also building a bridge over the canal
in the intersection as part of a mega project for reducing waterlogging in the city. As
part of the project, the canal would be dredged and widened. According to CDA
sources, Chattogram City Corporation (CCC) authorities built the structures
occupying Hijra khal (canal) to establish a private university without taking
permission from the CDA. CDA is the authority that gives permission for building
structures in port city.

https://www.thedailystar.net/city/news/one-step-towards-port-city-free-waterlogging-
1998533

Topic: Construction of Karnaphuli Tunnel gaining momentum.

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Dhaka Tribune BD.

Summary: Construction of the Karnaphuli Tunnel, the first underwater road

network in South-Asia, has gained momentum after most of the foreign engineers
and officials returned to their duty in Chittagong. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman Tunnel under the Karnaphuli River, popularly known as Karnaphuli Tunnel
is undergoing construction – engaging 273 Chinese engineers and officials; one third
of them got stuck in China due to the coronavirus pandemic. Since their rejoining in
February, the work of the construction site in Chittagong gained tremendous
momentum. According to the progress report, the bore for installing a tube under the
river was completed on August 2, and boring for installing the second tube will start
by December. Each of the two tubes will have a two-lane road – making the tunnel a
four-lane road. The main tunnel’s length is 3.5km, of which 2.5km is under the
Karnaphuli River. Boring work for 2.5km of one of the tubes, is already completed
and the installation of the tube is underway. On Thursday, Road Transport and
Bridges Minister Obaidul Quader said around 60% of construction work for
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Tunnel has already been completed amid the
pandemic.

https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2020/11/20/construction-of-karnaphuli-
tunnel-gaining-momentum

7) Industry

Topic: Women in garment sector hit hard by COVID-19: ILO.

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Observer BD.

Summary: The impact of COVID-19 on women in the garment industry has

worsened due to underlying challenges, including discrimination and harassment,
underrepresentation of women’s voice, wage gaps as well as unevenly shared
unpaid care and family obligations, says a new brief from the International Labour
Organization (ILO). Entitled ‘Gendered impacts of COVID-19 on the garment sector’
the brief aims to raise awareness of the gendered reality of COVID-19 and to outline
how the pandemic impacts women and men workers in the garment sector,
according to an ILO webpost. Women account for approximately 80 percent of the
garment sector workforce, so they are heavily affected to start with by many of the
impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, women also experience additional
impacts due to the existing challenges they face in the workplace as well as
expectations regarding women’s obligations in the home,” said Joni Simpson, Senior
Gender Specialist for the ILO’s Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. Recent ILO
research highlighted how major buying countries’ imports from garment-exporting
countries in Asia had dropped by up to 70 percent in the first half of 2020, due to
COVID-19.
https://www.observerbd.com/news.php?id=285549

Topic:.
Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Financial Express BD.
Summary:
Part V: Safety-related Reports of Bangladesh

Topic: Dengue cases reach 100: DGHS

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Independent BD.

Summary: Bangladesh is seeing a steady rise in dengue cases amid the Covid-
19 outbreak. Fifteen more people were hospitalized with dengue fever in the past 24
hours until early Friday, taking the total number to 100. Of the dengue cases, 93
were reported from Dhaka alone, the Directorate General of Health Services said.
Also, the health authority confirmed 969 dengue cases since January and 863
patients recovered. According to official figures, 101,354 dengue cases and 179
deaths were recorded last year. Meanwhile, dengue fever was first reported in
Bangladesh in 2000 and claimed 93 lives. In three years, the fatality number almost
fell to zero. However, the mosquito-borne disease struck again in 2018, killing 26,
and affecting 10,148. Dhaka North City Corporation started an anti-mosquito
campaign on November 2 to keep the number of dengue cases low this year.

http://www.theindependentbd.com/post/256308

Topic: Nipah highly infectious virus

Date: 21 November.
Source: The Daily Sun BD.

Summary: The Nipah virus infection carries high risk as its fatality rate has
crossed 70 percent, a dangerous level among other infectious diseases in
Bangladesh. Nipah virus is highly risky infectious disease in Bangladesh. The fatality
rate in the disease has already crossed 70 percent in the country. We have to
remain alert about the virus during this winter,” Prof Dr Tahmina Shirin, Director of
Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), told the Daily
Sun. The World Health Organisation (WHO) said Nipah virus infection is a zoonotic
illness that is transmitted to people from animals, and can also be transmitted
through contaminated food or directly from person-to-person. There are currently no
drugs or vaccines that specifically target Nipah virus infection,” it added. The WHO
said in subsequent outbreaks in Bangladesh and India, consumption of fruits or fruit
products (such as raw date palm juice) contaminated with urine or saliva from
infected fruit bats was the most likely source of infection. Human-to-human
transmission of Nipah virus has also been reported among family and care givers of
infected patients, it said.

https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/518949/Nipah-highly--infectious-virus-