LANGUAGE CENTER – TACNA

CONNECTORS
Because / because of( a causa de): We use these to express a reason.(una razon
de algo)
We use because before a clause (a sentence subject verb and complement).
Use because of when you put the noun after the reason.
Examples:
I went to sleep because I was tired.

[Use because and NOT because of >> it is followed by a sentence I (Subject) was (verb)
tired (complement)]

I had to go early to the office because of the meeting cuando utilice because of tiene que
ir un sustantivo
[Use because of >> it is followed by a noun (meeting)]

* Maria left the party because she was feeling sick. Maria se fue de la fiesta porque se
estaba sintiendo mal
* Carlos couldn't play because of his injury (lesion). Carlos no pudo jugar a causa de su
lesion
* I didn't pass the test because I didn't study.
* I feel so sad because of his death.

So: It is used to express result. (so: entonces, por ende, por lo tanto)

 I was tired so I went to bed.

 My favorite soccer team was playing bad so they lost.
My soccer team lost became they were…
 I couldn't sleep so I took some pills.
 There wasn't any food so we went out to eat.

But pero, sino / Although :Use but and although to show contrast. Although can
be used at the beginning of the sentence.

Examples:
Juan studied all night. He didn't pass the test. (There is contrast)

* Juan studied all night but he didn't pass the test.

* Although aunque Juan studied all night, he didn't pass the test.
* I went to the party but didn't dance.
* Although it was very cold, we had a great time.
* My father went to the supermarket but it was closed.

“SAINT ANNE, INTERNATIONALLY ACCREDITED CATHOLIC SCHOOL”

By teacher David Núñez V

 LANGUAGE CENTER – TACNA

'AND' :'And' is used as a conjunction when the words or phrases are of equal
importance and both conditions exist. Other words that can be used in place of
“and” are: moreover, in addition to, along with, plus, as well as, further more .

 Tom and Harry play hockey.

 A lion and a fox live in this cave.
 We need some gloves and a ball in addition ademas de to bats.
 The soldiers rose moreover they cheered the leader.

“OR”: When we need to express a choice between two words or phrases

we use 'or'. Here only one of the two conditions exists.

 Would you take a cup of tea or coffee?

 Sit on the bench banca or on the grass. pasto
 Are you tired or shall we go out for a walk?
 We can learn to talk English or we can depend on sign language.

WHEN, ONCE, AS SOON AS

We can use when, once, as and as soon as to talk about a specific point in time
when something happened or will happen:

 When we were in Greece, we went to as many islands as possible.
 They always close their curtains once they get home in the evening.
 As soon as we hear any news, we’ll call you tan pronto como escuchemos una
noticia te llamaremos

BEFORE, AFTER AND UNTIL

We use BEFORE and AFTER to talk about the order of events in the past or

future. With before and after, either the main clause or the subordinate clause can
come first:

 [event 1]She’ll pick you up  before ella te recogera antes de que tu
vengasaqui [event 2]she comes here.
 After [event 1]she comes here,  [event 2]she’ll pick you up.
Despues de que ella venga aca ella te recogera.

UNTIL HASTA as a time conjunction means up to a time in the past or future. In

the case of until, the main clause usually comes first:

 I’m going to wait until  the January sales start to buy a new jacket.
 Until he mentioned his name was Doug, I thought he was called Damien!(less
common order)
 We spell until with one l. (Not: untill)

CONJUNCTIONS: and - because - but - or - so.

1. I've got a brother __________________ a sister.
2. It was very sunny last Sunday, _________________ we went to the beach.
“SAINT ANNE, INTERNATIONALLY ACCREDITED CATHOLIC SCHOOL”

By teacher David Núñez V

 LANGUAGE CENTER – TACNA

3. Would you like meat ________________ vegetables for lunch?

4. My father likes football ___________________ he doesn't like basketball.
5. We aren't going to the bank ___________________ it is closed.
6. We can go to the beach __________________ to the mountain. I don't
really mind.
7. Vigo is hotter than Santiago, ____________________ Santiago is more
beautiful.
8. It is rainy today, _______________ take your umbrella
_______________ your boots.
9. I didn't buy the new shoes ________________ I didn't have any money.

HOMEWORK (6th grade/ Advanced Level)

COMPETENCE: WRITING OF DIFFERENT TEXTS IN CAPABILITY: ADAPT THE TEXT TO THE
ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIVE SITUATION
PERFORMANCE: STUDENTS READ THE INFORMATION AND WRITE THE CORRECT ANSWER.

Please fill in the gaps with the correct connector => BUT, ALTHOUGH, SO,
AND, BECAUSE, WHEN

1. I wanted to do my homework ______________ I was too lazy.

2. We didn't go out __________________ we wanted to watch TV.

3. The water was freezing, _____________ I didn't go swimming.

4. I took a nice book on holiday with me ______________ I didn't have enough time to
read it.

5. My friend invited me round ______________ she knew she didn't have enough time
for me.

6. Julie didn't go to school _______________ she was ill.

7. The children like running, _________________ they go running twice a week.

8. I bought a great CD yesterday _______________ I can't remember the name of it.

9. Jack had his tea ______________ then he went to bed.

10 Peter went to bed ____________________ he wasn't tired.

11. Postmen don't like dogs _______________ they bite them.

12. I came home early _______________ my parents had allowed me to stay out late.

13. Let's go and sit in the garden __________________ the sun is shining.

14. Mary walked through the woods ___________________ got lost.

“SAINT ANNE, INTERNATIONALLY ACCREDITED CATHOLIC SCHOOL”

By teacher David Núñez V

 LANGUAGE CENTER – TACNA

15. My mother paid the bill ________________ set off home again.

16. ________________ I'm older I will become a doctor.

17. ___________my parents are fair, they won't let me stay out late at night.

18. She was really upset ________________ I told her the bad news.

“SAINT ANNE, INTERNATIONALLY ACCREDITED CATHOLIC SCHOOL”

By teacher David Núñez V