INFERENTIAL STATISTICS:

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (ANOVA)

• Hypothesis testing attempts to prove whether a

statistical value from a sample is generalizable to
population extent, and/or, if samples statistically
different (or equal) with each other.

• So far, z-test (n>30), and t-test (n<30) have been

tackled.

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

It is a parametric test used to test the significant difference of

three or more groups.

A method of testing the differences of three or more population

means by analyzing sample variations (ie. variance).

a. Case 1–Equal no. of respondents in each

group

b. Case 2–Unequal no. of respondents in each

group

Assumptions:

1) Random Sample
2) Normally distributions
3) Variance homogenous

ANOVA

Ho: µ1=µ2=µ3

There is no significant difference in the regiment effect..

Ha: µ1≠µ2≠µ3

EXAMPLE There is a significant difference in the regiment effect..

• Twelve (12) overweight subjects participated in a study

to compare the weight reducing regiments. Subjects ▸ ALPHA: 1%
are grouped according to initial weight and each of the
subjects was randomly assigned to one of the three ▸ Tail: 1 tailed test
reducing regiments. At the end of the experimental
period, the following weight losses (in pounds) were ▸ Test Statistic: ANOVA
recorded. After eliminating differences due to initial
▸ Critical Value: 8.022
weight, do these data provide sufficient evidence to
indicate a difference in regiments effects? Use 1% level ▸ Area of Rejection:
of significance
ANOVA

Ho: µ1=µ2=µ3 There is no significant difference in the number

of cavities produce.

Ha: µ1≠µ2≠µ3 There is a significant difference in the number

of cavities produce.

▸ ALPHA: 1%

▸ Tail: 1 tailed test

▸ Test Statistic: ANOVA

▸ Critical Value: 6.927

▸ Area of Rejection:
POSTHOC

▸ Scheffe’sTest -(Posthoc) –This is used to find out

where the differences lie.